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高中英语状语从句复习教案
1.时间状语从句常见的从属连词有:(注意其汉语意义
when,while,as,before,after,since,until(till
once as soon as,the moment,the
minute,immediatel
y,directly,eachevery time,the
first time,the last time,next time,by the
time,whenever等。例如:
EveryEach time I was in
trouble,he would come to my help.
I thought
her nice and honest the first time I met
her.注意:(1when,while,as的区别:
1when引导从句时,主从句的动作有先
有后,也可以同时进行,从句的动作可以是持续性的,
也可以是短暂的。如:
When I
got to the airport,the plane had already taken
off.(主先从后(短暂性
When I lived there,I used to go
to the seaside on Sundays.(同时(持续性
When the
movie ended,the people went back.(从先主后
2while侧重主从句动作的对比,且从句的动词必须是持续性的。如:
While we
were chatting she was looking at the time table on
the wall.
3as引导从句时侧重主从句动作同时或几乎同时进行,从句的动作可以是持续性
的,也可以
是短暂的。如:
Sometimes I watch TV as I am
having breakfast.
4when和while还可以是并列连词,意思分别是―就在这时‖,―然而‖。如:
I
was having a rest on the sofa when the telephone
rang.
They were surprised that a child should
work out the problem while they
couldn’t.注:并
列连词when常用与以下句型中:
①…waswere
doing…when…(正在做…突然
②…waswere about to
do…when…(刚要做…突然
③…waswere on the point of
doing…when…(刚要做…突然
④…had just done…when….(刚一…就
⑤HardlyScarcely had…done…when…(刚一…就
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(2before引导从句时,词义非常灵活,注意下列句子中的before的词义:
I could get in a word,the tailor had measured
me.(还没来得及…就
hadn’t run a mile before he felt
tired.(还没…就
had sailed 4 days before we saw
land.(…才…
write it down before you forget
it.(趁还…没就
(3till(until和not…till(until
1till(until:主句谓语动词必须是持续性的,意思是―到…为止―如:
He
remained there tilluntil she arrived.
2not…till(until…:主句谓语动词必须是短暂性的,意思是―直到…才‖如:
She won’t go to bed tilluntil he returns home.
3not…until还有强调式和倒装式:
强调句:It is not until
he returns home that she will go to bed.
倒装句:Not until he returns home will she go to
bed.
(4几个极易混淆的时间状语从句:
1It
was+时间点+when…(当的时候时间是
It was 5 am when we
arrived at the village.
2It waswill
be+时间段+before…(没过…就过了…才
It waswill be two
weeks before we metmeet again.
3It ishas
been+时间段+since…(自从…以来有…
It ishas been 3 years
since we last met.
突破点:一看be动词的时态,二看时间段还是时间点。
注意:在―It ishas been+时间段+since…‖句型中,从句的动词必须是短暂性的
,如果是延续
性的动词,时间要从从句的动作结束时算起。如:
It is 3 years
since I smoked.(我戒烟有三年了
2.条件状语从句常见的从属连词有:
if,unless,asso long as,asso far as,on
condition that,in case(万一,the more…,the
more…
等。如:
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AsSo
far as I can see(am concerned,it will be
impossible for them to finish the task.
The
more books you read,the happier you will
feel.(前面为从句
3.原因状语从句常见的从属连词有:
because,since,now that,as等。
注意because,since,as的区别:
1why的语气最强,它引导的从句比主句
更重要,从句的位置可前可后;例外回答why的问句
必须使用because。如:
-Why were you absent from the meeting
yesterday?-Because I was ill.
2since和now
that意思是―既然‖,语气仅次于because,从句的位置一般在前。如:
Since
everybody is here,let’s begin our meeting.
3as的语气比since更弱,意思是―由于‖,
从句的位置可前可后。如:
As you didn’t turn up at yesterday’s get-
together,we missed you very much.
4*for也有―因为‖之
意,但for是并列连词常用来来补充说明原因或用来表示推断的依据,
前面常带逗号。如:
It must have rained last night,for the ground
is wet.
4.让步状语从句常见的从属连词有:
though,although,as,even ifthough,no matter
wh-,wh-ever,whether…or…等。如:However lat
eNo
matter how late he is,his family will wait for him
to have dinner together.
Child as he is,he
knows a lot.(as引导的让步状语从句必须倒装
Whether it is
fine or not,I will go boating.
5.地点状语从句常见的从属连词有:
*where,wherever等。如:
Put the book where it is.
6.比较状语从句常见的从属连词有:
*as…as,*not
so(as…as,*than等。
注意:(1在表达倍数时,可用三种句型:
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1A…+倍数+比较级+than B如:
This building is twice taller than that one.
2A…+倍数+as原级as+B如:
This building is three
times as tall as that one.
3A…+倍数+the
size(height,weight,length etc.+of B如:
This
building is three times the size of that one.
(2三种句型变式:
1倍数+more+名词+than
2*倍数+as
manymuch+名词+as
Americans eat more than twice
as many vegetables per person today as they did in
191
0.
It is reported that the United
States uses twice as much energy as the whole of
Europe.
7.方式状语从句常见的从属连词有:
as,as
ifthough等.注意:as ifthough引导的从句常用虚拟语气,表示非真实情况.
He talks about the moon as if he had been
there.(从句动作先发生
She treated the boy as if he
werewas her own child.(主从句动作同时发生
8.目的状语从句常见的从属连词有:
so that,that,in order
that,in case(以免,for fear that等。
如:Most
students go to college(so that they can be
engineers,teachers or chemists.注意:
从句中的情态动词can,
could,may,might等提示为目的状语从句.
9.结果状语从句常见的从属连词有:
so…that,such…that,so that等。如:
He earned so
little money that he couldn’t support his family.
It is such fine weather that we all want to go
to the park.
Tom studied very hard so that he
passed the exam.
三、用法灵活的as,when,while引导的状语从句
可以引导时间、原因、让步、比较和方式等5种状语从句。
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可以引导时间、条件和原因等3种状语从句。
How can we
explain it to you when(=if you won't listen.
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you
could easily walk there in 5 minutes
可以引导时间、让步、条件和原因等4种状语从句。
While(=Though I
like the color of the hat,I don’t like its shape.
While(=As long as there is life there is hope.
--I’m going to the post office.
–While(=Since you are there,can you get me
some stamps?
四、状语从句的省略
当时间、条件、让步、方式和比较状语从句
的主语与主句一致或为it或there且谓语动词
含be动词时,从句中的主语和谓语可以一起省去。
例如:
Don’t speak until spoken to.(省略了you are
I have no any,I will lend you some.(省略了there
is
Though cold,he still wore a shirt.(省略了it
was
Some flowers shut up at night as if to
sleep.(省略了they were
五、状语从句与定语从句的转换
1Make
marks where you have questions.(地点状语从句
→Make
marks at the places where you have questions.(定语从句
2It is such an advanced theory that few people
understand it.(结果状语从句
→It is such an advanced
theory as few people understand.(定语从句
(2013全国卷I
1..There’s no way of knowing why
one man makes an important
discovery______anothe
r man,
also
intelligent,fails.
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-
(2013北京卷2.I took my driving
license with me on holiday,________I wanted to
hire a
car.
case
if
since
only
(2013上海卷
promised to develop a
software package by the end of this
year,______they mig
ht have.
r difficult
difficult
er difficulty
difficulty
(2013上海卷
4.I cannot hear the professor
clearly as there is too much noise________I am
sitting.
(2013天津卷,the
company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30
countries.
gh
(2013江苏卷
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the global economy,a new
drug for cancer,___it is discovered,will create
many econ
omic p ossibilities around the world.
er
r
er
ver
(2013安徽卷’s much
easier to make friends you have similar interests.
though
that
(2013安徽卷’s
said that the power plant is now large as what it
was.
as
twice
much
twice
(2013湖南卷
must learn to consult your
feelings and your reason________you reach any
decisi
on.
gh
e
(2013陕西卷10.I have heard a lot of good things
about you I came back from abroad.
(2013山东卷 needs to learn Chinese___his company
is opening a branch in Bei
jing.
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-
gh
(2013山东卷12._________I have to give a speech,I
get extremely nervous before I start.
er er r r
(2013重庆卷13.________we have enough evidence,we
can’t win the case.
long as
(2013四川卷 is so cannot afford enough time with
his son_______he wan
ts to.
if
if
e
(2013江西卷 are a small number of
people involved,possibly______twenty.
few as
little as
many as
much as
(2013江西卷 says that she’ll have to close the
shop________business improves.
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(2013辽宁卷
can
always manage to do more things,no
matter________full one’s schedule is i
n life.
1.I’d like to study law at
university______my cousin prefers geography.(2007四
川,29
birds find it
safe to sleep in the trees,but____they have eggs
or young
chicks,they don’t use a
nest.(2007湖南,33
3._____I
really don’t like art,I find his work
impressive.(2007山东,29
had
to wait half an hour_____we had already booked a
table.(2007辽宁,
32
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gh
5.―You can't have this
football back_____you promise not to kick it at my
cat
again.‖the old man said firmly.(2006广东,31
e
6.I had just stepped out
of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with
a
towel____I heard the steps.(2006湖南,31
7.—How long do you think it
will be___China sends a manned spaceship to the
moon?
—Perhaps two or three
years.(2006福建,25
8.—Why
didn't you tell him about the meeting?(2006四川,35
—He rushed out of the room____I could say a
word.
A.b efore
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you are traveling____the customs
are really foreign to your own,please do as the
R
omans do.(2006天津,5
which
peace,too,the Red Cross is expected to send
help____there is human suffering.(200
6江西,27
r
r
er
er
11.—Mom,what did
your doctor say?(2006四川,23
—He advised me to
live____the air is fresher.
where
which
place where
was very sad over the
loss of the photos she had shot at Canada,____this
was
a memory she especially
treasured.(2006广东,26
plan
was such a good one____we all agreed to accept
it.(2006陕西,9
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14._______you've tried it,you can't
imagine how pleasant it is.(2006北京,33
e
gh
time of serious accidents,____we
know some basic things about first aid,we can
s
ave lives.(重庆
r
won't
keep winning games____we keep playing
well.(2006浙江,2
e 17.____environmental
damages is done,it takes man
y years for the
ecosystem to recover.(2006江苏,31 if only
18.
How can you expect to learn
anything______you never listen?(2006山东,31 case
n if 19.___he has limited technical
knowledge,the old worker has a lot of
experience.(2006全国I,28 gh is a very
interesting bo
ok.I'll buy it,_____.(2006陕西,20
much may it cost matter how it may cost
C.
however much it may cost may it cost
people,__they are old or young,rich or
poor,rich or poor,have been trying their best to
help those in need since the
disaster.(2008
重庆卷,33) if r matter r lawyer
seldom wears anythin
g other than jeans and a
T-shirt______the season.(2008全国I卷)er er
C.
whenever r 6
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