英语四级复习计划.docx

英语四级复习计划
九月：基础备考
核心：词汇及语法积累
（9< br>月
3
日至
9
月
30
日，每日复习时间：
2< br>小时
~3
小时）
打牢词汇基础是本时段的中心任务。选择任意一本四级词汇书 ，制定约
15
日至
20
日的 背词
计划。在新词方面，四级与高中水平差别不大。但是六级词汇量有一定上升，可以酌情 加强效
率和强度。
背词时，需要特别训练〃眼熟〃的能力，不用刻意强调拼写和多重含义，不停的用翻书或
重复识别的方式加强印象即可°背单词最难的就在短时重复的循环坚持，能多看哪怕一会儿, 你
就战胜之前的你了。
已经做过部分真题依然但依然未过级的同学，不用过早进入做题继续错题再做再错的怪
圈。可以利用做过的真题来背词，这样效率更高。尤其推荐通过播放听过的听力材料的形式, 抽
查自己的听写单词及短语的能力。
另外，也可以适当复习常考的语法知识，例如虚拟语气、被动语态和定语从句等。
特别提示： 多次考试处于
420
分数以下的同学务必尽早开动。此分数段同学英语学习方 法存
在重大问题。听课或看书来改正方法可能比自己学效果好得多。
十月到十一月：强化备考（最核心期）
核心：真题训练
第一轮：
（10
月
1
日至
10
月
20 0,
每日复习时间：
2. 5
小时飞小时）
谁都知道备考四六级的最佳资料就是历年真题，但如果你做真题时出现以下情况，真题 基
本没有发挥作用：
1.
2.
3.
完成一套，对答案，一段时间后再做下一套；
把阅读和听力选择题作为重点，一般不写作文，不做听写；
只有一本真题集。
买两套真题，按照约
4
天一套题目的速度练习；
按照考试时间，完成所有题目（包括作文和听写，写不下去也要撑
30
分钟）；
确认答案，估计分数，标记在题目之前，作为记录；
分析所有错题和不确定的题目（此环节可能需要看真题解析或询问高手或者老师）， 并
尝试翻译所有题目的准确答案项以及对应原文；
我们推荐的方法是：
1.
2.
3.
4.
且总结记录岀现在准确选项，你选错的选项，答案对应原文等位置的生词；
5.
举例：
2006
年
6
月四级听力原文句：
What benefits package do you offer?
如果你理解为：你提供什么利益包裹？只能说 明你学习的浅
尝辄止特质。你可能经常逼迫自己接受类似无法理解的奇怪解释。而长此以往, 那些你做过真题
中的各种〃奇怪位置〃会再次出现在新题中，让你永恒倍感奇怪。这句话中需 要注意两个细节：
1. Benefits
复数含义经常表达〃福利〃，
2. package
在虚拟含义名词前 含义为：计划。
6.
7.
听力至少再听两遍；
努力记住第四步记录的单词或短语。
如此说来，完成一套真题 的时间，至少在四个小时以上，
1-4
步和
5-7
步可以在两至三 日内
分别完成。特别提醒，作文最好找老师或高手批改，否则自己写下去几乎没有提高。 练习
2006
年
6
月至
2012
年
12
月的题目，13
年的两套题目可以留到模拟考试之时训练。本 时段的训练不用
太快，关键是，消化！

第二轮：
（10
月
21
日至
12
月
5
日，每日复习时间：
2. 5
小时
~3
小时）
这段时间，拿岀第二套真题集，抽取大约六套左右原来做过的题目重新做。如果准确率 极
高，说明之前真题练习不错，反之则证明效果不佳。要特别注意重复做错的题目。
这两个月是备考的黄金期，放弃了这一段时间，就等于放弃了所有过级可能性。听课, 接受
引导式学习，是保证部分倍感自控无望的同学学习进度的最好方式。清明和五一长假的 肆意玩
耍经常会使得之前学习成果瞬间灰飞烟灭。还是那句话，坚持，就几乎等于胜利。
十二月上旬：冲刺备考
核心：回顾错题，模拟考试
（12
月
5< br>日至
12
月
19
日，每日复习时间：
2. 5
小时飞小时）
几乎所有考试失败的前辈都会悲叹上场之后，考试时间不够，所以再次强化自己的考场 能
力成为最后时日的关键。
拿出最后剩余的真题，选择早晨的
9
点整（四级 ）或下午的
3
点整（六级），计时完成题目
o
你需要分析自己的强弱项，提前计划在正式考试时如何利用优势弥补劣势，让分数最大化。
当然，继续背那些重复出现却总是记混的单词也是好的选择。
如果完成了上述一切，恭喜你， 你将极有可能在
14
年
12
月
20
日的考试中获得满意成 绩，
并且形成一套不仅仅局限于英语学习的良好学习方法。拥有坚持的习惯和正确的方法, 一切关于
是否取消考试的传言，不过是朵朵浮云。各位加油！
英语听力五大场景
场景一：学习
作为一个学生即将离开自己的家乡去异地求学，首先要做的事情就应该是挑选并申请学校。 申请
学校的时候，不要忘了征求一下自己的老师和父亲的意见。
1.
申请学校
必备词汇表
apply for
申请
business degree
商学院［微博］学位
pay your own way
自己支付各种费用
2.
选修课程
选好学校之后，就是选修课程了。一年选多少课程是一个合适的量呢？在大学英语四级里, 往往
女孩子会倾向多选课程，结果使自己非常疲惫。当她向男生抱怨的时候，男生就会像先 知一样
说〃我早就和你说过不要选那么多课嘛。〃
必备词汇表
semester
学期（美国英语）
b ioIogy
生物学
term
学期（英国英语）
registration
注册
course
课程
class permit
听课证
opt i onal course
选修课
lit era ture c I ass
文学课
3.
听课
必备词汇表
professor
教授
br i ef i ng
剪报
I ecturer
讲师
bare I y stay awake
几乎不能保持清醒
comp I icated
复杂
extra cop i es
多余的篇子
i nformat i ve
信息量大
presentat i on
陈述，解释，示范

mission
任务，使命
4.
演说
必备词汇表
nervous
紧张的
contest
比赛
calm
平静的
contestant
参赛选手
a large audience
—大群观众
talk of the town
镇上谈论的焦点
shaking al I over
浑身发抖
not a big deal
不是什么大不了的事情
beyond me
超岀我的理解范围
5
?阅读
必备词汇表
read i ng ass i gnment
阅读任务
se I ect i ve I y
有选择地
chap ter by chapter
—章一章地
t heory
理论
read through
从头到尾地读
plot
情节
cover a few chapters
涉及了几个章节
intensively
精细地
character
人物角色
6
?写文
必备词汇表
typing errors
打字错误
revise
修订
qua I i ty paper
好纸
get i t pub I i shed
出版
proofread
校对
paragraph
段落
7
?考试
必备词汇表
final exam
期末考试
fail
不及格，失败
mid- term
期中考［微博］试
results (pl)
分数
stay up
熬夜
release
发布(分数)
two sleepless nights
两天两夜没睡觉
be through with
结束，完成 场景二：工作
1.
面试
必备词汇表
i nterv i ew
面试
f i nance
金融
suit
西装
accounting
会计
tie
领带
brush up on
温习，复习
resume
简历
work ing exper i enee
工作经历
hand in
上交
travel
岀差
annua I vacation
年假
2
?收发邮件
必备词汇表
ema i I
邮件
attachment
附件
I og i n
登录
forward the ma i I to
把邮件转发给
I og off
登出
3.
开会和约会
必备词汇表
appo i ntment
约会
move on to
继续
conf i rm
确认
the next item
下一议题个
cance I
取消
presentat i on
陈述，解释，示范
I ace
代表某人来
rep I ace
取代
on beha I f of
代表 场景三：娱乐
1.
看戏
come in one's p

必备词汇表
GI oba I theatre
环球剧院
drama
戏剧
Grand theatre
大剧院
impressive
令人印象深刻的
too dramatic to be true
太假了
audienee
观众
p I ay the
boss
扮演老板
out of the way
太远了
the greatest hit
大片
a long queue
长队
appreciate
欣赏
sold out
卖完了
2
?体育活动
必备词汇表
basketba I I season
篮球赛季
tenn i s
网球
campi ng
野营
badminton
羽毛于求
jogging
慢跑
performance
表现
fishing
钓鱼
keep fit
保持健康
3.
旅游
必备词汇表
scenery
风景
Greek style
希腊风格
I awn
草地
museum
博物馆
co I umn
柱子
statue
塑像
场景四：购物
1 ?
米购衣服
必备词汇表
size
型号
come in a I I sizes
号全
2
?采购电器
必备词汇表
mode I
款
d i scount
折扣
I atest techno I ogy
最新的科技
reduce
减少 场景五：吃饭
1
?评点餐馆
必备词汇表
I ta I i an restaurant
意大利餐馆
popu I ar
受人喜爱的
env i ronment
环境
crowded
拥挤的
2.
饮食健康
必备词汇表
on d i et
节食
dessert
甜点
conta i n
含有
sa I ad
沙拉
steak
牛排
英语作文模板及常用句式
Along with the advance of the soc i ety more and more prob Iems are brought to our attention, one of which i s
that.?
随着社会的不断发展，岀现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是 ______________
O
As to whether it is a b I ess i ng or a curse, however, people take d iffere nt at t i tudes
o

然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。
People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting
求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。
Ast o whe ther it isworthwhile t here i s a Ion g-ru nn ing cont rovers i a I deba te. It is quite natural
that people from different backgrounds may have divergerrt attitudes towards it
。
关于是否值得 ___________ 的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的
观点。
Rece ntly the phe no men on has aroused wide concer n, some people are in alarm that.?
°。 最近，这种现象

引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心 ______________________________
O
The huma n race has ent ered a comp I e tely new st age in its h i s tory, with the i ncreas i ngly rap i d
economic globaI ization and urbanization, more prob Iems are brought to our attention
。
人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来 了很
多问题。
Jus t as the say i ng goes: ? It is quite un ders tan dab I e that views on thi
s i ssue vary from person to person
o
俗话说，〃〃不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
There i s a good s i de and a bad s i de to every thing, it goes wit hout say ing that.??
万事万物都有其
两面性，所以，勿庸置疑， ____________________________
O
When faced wi th.???,qu ite a few peop I e claim that ????.but other peop leth i nk as???
提到 问
题，仅少数人认为 ________________________ ，但另一些人则认为 _________
0
Some people contend that .?.has proved to br ing many advantages (d i sadvantages)
有些人认为 有很多有利
之处(不利之处)
O
Those who argue for ??? say that ???economic development of the cities
o

觉得 _____ 的人认为， _____ 城市的经济发展。
Those who strongly approve of .?? have cogent reasons for it
。
强烈认同 _______ 的人有很多原因。
PeopIe who support ??? give some or al I of the following reasons
。
那些支持 ________ 观点的人列出了如下原因： _________ 。
Accord ing to my persona I ity and fondness, I wouId prefer ??? rather than.??
根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择 ________ 而不会选择 __________ 。
Persona I Iy, I s i de with the latter (former) opinion...
就我个人而言，我支持后者(前者) ____________ -
If asked to make a dec i s i on, I wouId prefer...
如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿 ______________ 。
作文模板
(1)
不同观点列举型(选择型)
There i s a widespread concern over the i ssue that
_作文题目 ___________________
? But it is
we I I kno wn that the opinion concern i ng t h i s hot to p i c var i es from perso n to perso n. A major ity of
peopIe think that _
观点一 __________________________
? In thei r views there are 2 factors
contr ibuting to th i s attitude as fol lows: i n the fi rst pI ace, _____________________________
原因 一
? Furthermore, in the second place,
原因二
? So it goes without saying that
观点一 ?
People, however, d i ffer in thei r opinions on t his matter. Some peopIe hold the idea that
观点二
?
In thei r point of view
r
on the one hand,
原因—
? On the other hand,
原因二
. Therefore, there i s no doubt that
观点二 .
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that
_观点一或二
? It is not only because
F

but a I so because . The more , the more .
(2)
利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, t here i s a widespread concer no ver (the i ssuethat) ___________________
作文题目 _____ ?
I n fact, there are both advantages and d i sadvantages in
_题目议题 __________________
? Genera I ly
speak i ng, it is widely be I i eved there are severaI pos i tive aspects as fol lows? Firstly,
优点一
? And
secondly
优点二 __________ ?
Jus t As a popu I ar say i ng goes,
_讨论议题 __________________
i s
no excep tion, and i n anot her word, it still has nega tive aspec ts. To beg in with,
缺点一
? In addition,

___
缺点二 _____ ?
To sum up, we should try to br i ng the advan tages of
_讨论议题
into full p I ay, and reduce the d i
sadvan tages to the mini mum at the same time. In that case, we wi I I definitely make a better use of the
讨
论议题 ___________________________________________ ?
(3 )
答题性议论文
Curre ntly. t here i s a widespread concern over (the i ssue that)—
作文题目
? It is reaI ly an
important concern to every one of us. As a resuIt. we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this
problem?
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem? Fi rs t of all,
_途径一
___________________________
? In add i tion, anot her way cont r i bu ting to success of
the solving prob I em i s __________
途径二 _____ ?
Above all. t o solve the prob I em of _____________
作文题目 _____
, we shou I d find a number
of var i ous ways ? But as far as I am con cer ned, I would prefer to so I ve the prob I em in this way, that is
to say, _____________________________________
方法 ____ ?
(4 )
谚语警句性议论文
It is we I I know to us that the proverb:
______________ 谚语 _______

s ignif icance and va Iue not only i n our job but a I so in our study. It means
谚语白勺含义
? The say
ing can be i I I us trated t hrough a ser i es of examp I es as
fol lows?(also theoreticaI Iy )
A case in point i s _________
例子一 _____
? Therefore, it is goes without say ing that
it is of great of importance to practice the proverb __________________________
谚语 _____ ?
With the rapid development of scienee and technology in China, an increas ing
number of peop I e come to rea I i ze t hat it is also of prac ti ca I use to stick to the saying:
more we are aware of the significance of this famous
saying. the more benefits we wi I I get in our daily study and job.
谚语
? The
英语四级常出现的词汇
工作类的高频词
grind n
苦差事
vt
磨;压迫
vi
磨擦得吱吱作响
【考】
grind for an exam
用功准备考试
;gr ind out
生拼硬凑地写出
gr ind away at Engl i sh studies
刻苦攻读英语；
【派】
grinder
磨工
strai n n
过度劳累，极度紧张;扭伤
vt
扭伤;拉紧
vi
尽力
【考】
mental strain
精神紧张
interval n
间隔，间距;幕间（或工间）休息
【考】
at intervals
不时；相隔一定距离
subordinate n
部属，下级
a
下级的，次要的
vt
使处于次要地位，使从属于
【考】
be subordinate to
次要的，从属的
deputy n
副职，副手;代表，代理人
【考】
deputy mayor
副市长
freelance n
自由职业者，独立行动的人
a
自由职业者的
prospect n
前途，（成功等的）可能性
v
勘探，勘察
【考】
prospect for
勘探，勘察

【派】
prospective a
未来的
prospector n
勘探者，采矿者
a I I owance n
津贴，补贴，零用钱
【考］
make al Iowance（s） for
考虑到,顾及；体谅；原谅
seal n
印，图章;封印,封条;海豹
vt
（密）封
【考】
sea I off
H
闭，圭寸锁；
break the sea I
拆圭寸
【派】
sealed
密封的
dead I ine n
最后期限
emp I oy vt
雇佣；使用
【考】
in the emp I oy of
受雇于
【派】
emp I oyer n
雇主；
employee n
雇员
emp I oyment n
雇佣，工作
unemp I oyment n
失业
qualify vt
（使）胜任，（使）具有资格
【考】
qualify for sth
使具有…的资格
【派】
qual if ication n
资格,条件
;qual if ied a
有资格的
assign vt
指派，选派；分配，布置（作业）
【派】
ass ignment
作业
undertake vt
承担，着手做;保证，同意
【考】
undertake sth
从事…
【派】
undertaking n
事业，任务
occupy vt
使忙碌，使从事；占领，占用
【派】
occupation n
职业;
occupant n
居住者;
occupancy n
占有
exert vt
用力；运用，发挥，施加
【考】
exert onese I f
努力，尽力;
exert a I I one' s strength
尽某人全力

【派】
exertion n
努力；发挥,行使
alter vt
改变;修改衣服
【派】
alternation n
改变，变更;
unaltered a
未被改变的，不变的;
a I ternat i ve n
替换物，选
择
resign vi
辞职
vt
辞去，放弃;使顺从
【考
］resign from
辞职
resign to
使顺从
equal a
胜任的，合格的；平等的
vt
等于
【考】
be equal to
相等的;胜任的，合适的
【派】
equal ly ad
相等地；
equal ity n
同等，平等
inferior a
劣等的;下级的
n
下级，下属
【考】
be inferior to sth sb
比…差，不如…
【派】
inferiority n
下级；自卑感
capable a
有能力的
【考】
be capable of
能够
br i I I iant a
卓越的；光辉的
【派】
brill iant ly ad
辉煌地，灿烂地
auxi I iary a
辅助的,补助的；附属的；备用的
【例】
the aux i I iary generator
备用发电机
vacant a
空着的；（职位、工作等）空缺的；（神情）茫然的
【派
［vacancy n
空处，空缺
enterpr i se n
企业，事业
【考】
joint enterpr i se
合资企业
【例】
with enterpr i se and creat i v i ty
事业心和创造力
hunt n v
寻找;打猎;追捕
【派】
hunter n
猎人
job-hunter
找工作的人
【考】
hunt down
对…穷追到底;
go hunting
打猎；
hunt for
寻找
i nterv i ew n
面试
cand i date n
候选人
resume n
简历；摘要
v
（中断后）重新开始，恢复 【派
［resumption n
重新开始
ability n
本事,能力；才能
【考】
to the best
n vt
理解，
of one，s ability
尽某人最大努力;
sth
从
the abi I ity to do grasp
事（某事）的能力
【考］
within sb '
【例】
grasp
领会;抓紧，抓牢
s grasp
为某人所能及的
opportunities
抓住机会
comm i tment n
承诺，保证；献身；承担的义务
【例】
the commitment of the staff
员工的义务
tragedy n
悲剧，惨事
【例】
Hamlet i s one of Shakespeare
,
s best known traged i es
《哈姆莱特》是莎 翁最著名的悲剧
之一
hobby n
爱好
baseba I I n
棒球
【例】
The heavy ra in i nterrupted the baseba I I game
大雨中断了棒球比赛

soccer n
（美国）足球
vol I eyba I I n
排球
chess n
国际象棋
gym n
体育馆
ameteur n
业余爱好者
a
业余的
【例】
an ameteur orchestra
—个业余的管弦乐队
ath I ete n
运动员
【例】
a professionaI athlete
专业的运动员
【派】
athletic
运动的
sportsman n
运动员
【例】
an al l-round sportsman—
全能的运动员
amuse vt
逗笑、给…提供娱乐
【考】
amuse oneself by doing sth
做某事来消遣
【派】
amused a
愉快的
amusement n
娱乐品
entertain vt
招待;给…提供娱乐
【例】
Th i s hote I i s famous for i ts enterta i nment
这家旅馆以它的殷勤待客闻名
【派】
enterta inment n
娱乐
relax vt
（使）放松，
【例】
A hot bath should help to relax you
—个热水澡有助于缓解疲劳
【派】
relaxed a
不严格的，不拘束的;
relaxat ion n
放松
skate vt
溜冰
【例】
The chi Idren skated on the frozen pond
孩子们在结冰的池塘上滑冰
ski vi
滑雪
n
滑雪板
refresh vt
（使）恢复记忆，振作精神
【考】
refresh one' s memory
重新唤起记忆
enthusiastic a
热心的，热情的
【例】
Al I the staff are enthus i ast ic about the sports
所有职员都对体育感兴趣
【派】
enthusiasm n
热情 巨大兴趣
I ei sure a
空闲的
n
空闲时间
【例
J leisure time
空闲时间
at I e i sure
闲暇时
prevalent a
流行的,普遍的
【例】
The co I or i s preva I ent i n some countr i es
这种颜色在一些国家很流行
si im a
苗条的，薄的
【例】
a slim waist
纤细的腰
【派】
si immer n
减肥者
fashionable a
流行的、普遍的
【考】
be in fash i on
流行
be out of fash ion
落后
recreat i on n
娱乐，消遣
【考】
recreat iona I activities
娱乐活动
【派】
recreat iona I a
娱乐的

episode n
插曲，连续剧的一集
【例】
the first episode of the cornedy
那喜剧的第一集
ser ies n
连续剧，一系列
【考】
a ser ies of
—系列
pop n
流行音乐
【例】
pop music
流行音乐
mov i e n
电影
【例】
movie star
电影明星
poster n
海报,招贴画
【例】
the poster for exhibition
展览海报
spectator n
观众
car toon n
卡通漫画
【例】
cartoon characters
卡通人物
comedy n
喜剧
【例】
s i I ent comedy
无声喜剧
negative a
负面的，消极的
panic n
恐慌，慌乱
vi
使恐慌，使惊慌失措
【例】
The crowd pan iced at the sou nd of the exp I os i on
爆炸声一响，人群便惊慌起来
a
嫉妒的，猜忌的
【考】
be jea Ious of sth
对…嫉妒
upset vt
使心烦意乱；
a
心烦的，苦恼的；
n
不安
【考】
sth upset sb
某事使某人心烦意乱
sb be upset about sth
某人对某事苦恼
【派】
upsetting a
令人心烦意乱的
sympathetic a
同情的，体谅的
【考】
be sympathetic towith
同情
【派】
sympathize v
体谅；
sympathy n
同情
concern n
关切的事；关心；关系
【例】
be concerned aboutwithto
对…很关心
hatred n
憎恶，憎恨
affection n
喜爱，感情，爱慕之情
【派】
affectionate a
爱的，挚爱的
pass ion n
激情，热情，酷爱
【派】
passionate a
激情的
preference n
喜爱，偏爱，优先（权）
【派】
prefer vt
倾向于
stress n
压力，紧张
【派】
stressful a
紧张的
gratitude n
感激,感谢
【派】
grateful a
感激的
overcome vt
战胜，克服
【例】
overcome difficulties
克服困难
annoy vt
使烦恼，使恼怒
【派】
annoying a
令人恼人的；
annoyance n
烦恼；
annoyed a
颇为生气的
despa i
r
v i
绝望；
n
绝望

jealous

【考】
despa i r of
绝望；
sb be i n despa i r
某人处于绝望中
frustrate vt
使沮丧，使灰心
【派】
frustration n
挫折；
frustrating a
令人沮丧的
embarrass vt
使窘迫，使尴尬
【派】
embarrassed a
（某人）尴尬的；
embarrassment n
沮丧；
embarrass ing a
（某事）令人尴尬的
envy vt
嫉妒，羡慕
n
羡慕，嫉妒
neglect vt
忽视，忽略
n
疏忽，忽视
【考】
neglect of duty
玩忽职守
oppress vt
压迫，压制
【派】
oppressed a
压抑的,受压迫的;
oppress io n n
压迫
admi re vt
钦佩，赞赏，羡慕
【派】
admirable a
令人羡慕；
admi rat io n n
赞赏，钦佩
restra i n vt
阻止，控制
【考】
restra i n sb from doing sth
抑制某人做某事
relieve vt
使轻松，使宽慰；缓解，减轻
【例
［relieve pa in
缓解疼痛;
relieve anxiety
缓解焦虑
comp I a i n vt
抱怨，诉苦
【考】
comp I a i n about （of） sb sth
抱怨…
【派】
comp I a i nt n
埋怨
insult vt
侮辱，辱骂
n
侮辱，凌辱
conscious a
意识到的，自觉的
【考】
be conscious of
意识到
【派】
consciousness n
知觉；意识
unconscious a
无意识的
subconscious a
下意识的
seIf- consciousness n
自我，自觉
intense a
激烈的，紧张的
【例】
intense competition
激烈的竞争
intense feel i ngs
激烈的情感
【派】
i ntens i ty n
强度；
i intensive a
密集的
eager a
热切的，渴望的
【考】
eager to do sth
渴望做某事
opt imist ic a
乐观（主义）的
【考】
be optimi st i c about sth
对…乐观
positive a
确实的，明确的，积极的
【考】
positive effect
积极作用
undertake vt
承担，着手做；保证，同意
【考】
undertake sth
从事…
【派】
undertaking n
事业，任务
occupy vt
使忙碌，使从事；占领，占用
【派】
occupation n
职业
;occupant n
居住者;
occupancy n
占有
exert vt
用力；运用，发挥，施加
【考】
exert oneself
努力，尽力;
exert a I I one' s strength
尽某人全力
【派】
exertion n
努力；发挥，行使
alter vt
改变；修改衣服
【派】
alternation n
改变，变更;
unaltered a
未被改变的，不变的；
;抑制,遏止

a I ternat i ve n
替换物，选择
resign vi
辞职
vt
辞去，放弃;使顺从
【考］
resign from
辞职
resign to
使顺从
equal a
胜任的,合格的；平等的
vt
等于
【考】
be equal to
相等的;胜任的，合适的
【派】
equal ly ad
相等地；
equal ity n
同等，平等
inferior a
劣等的；下级的
n
下级，下属
【考】
be inferior to sth sb
比…差，不如…
【派】
inferiority n
下级；自卑感
capable a
有能力的
【考】
be capabIe of
能够
br i I I iant a
卓越的；光辉的
【派】
brill iant ly ad
辉煌地，灿烂地
auxi I iary a
辅助的，补助的；附属的；备用的
【例】
the auxi I iary generator
备用发电机
vacant a
空着的；（职位、工作等）空缺的；（神情）茫然的
【派
［vacancy n
空处，空缺
enterpr i se n
企业， 事业
【考】
joint enterpr i se
合资企业
【例】
with enterpr i se and creat i v i ty
事业心和创造力
hunt n v
寻找;打猎;追捕
【派】
hunter n
猎人
job-hunter
找工作的人
【考】
hunt down
对…穷追到底；
go hunting
打猎；
hunt for
寻找
i nterv i ew n
面试
候选人
resume n
简历;摘要
v
（中断后）重新开始，恢复
【派］
resumpt ion n
重新开始
ability n
本事，能力；才能
【考】
to the best the
of one' s ability
尽某人最大努力;
sth
从
abi I ity to do grasp n
事（某事）的能力
vt
理解，
领会;抓紧，抓牢
【考】
within sb '
s grasp
为某人所能及的
【例】
grasp
opportunities
抓住机会
commi tment n
承诺，保证；献身；承担的义务
【例】
the commitment of the staff
员工的义务
grind n
苦差事
vt
磨;压迫
vi
磨擦得吱吱作响
【考】
grind for an exam
用功准备考试
;gr ind out
生拼硬凑地写出
gr i nd away at Engl i sh stud i es
刻苦攻读英语；
【派】
grinder
磨工
strain n
过度劳累，极度紧张;扭伤
vt
扭伤;拉紧
vi
尽力
【考］
mental strain
精神紧张
interval n
间隔，间距;幕间（或工间）休息
【考】
at intervals
不时;相隔一定距离
subordinate n
部属，下级
a
下级的，次要的
vt
使处于次要地位，使从属于
【考】
be subordinate to
次要的，从属的
deputy n
副职，副手;代表，代理人
【考】
deputy mayor
副市长
cand i date n

freelance n
自由职业者，独立行动的人
a
自由职业者的
prospect n
前途，（成功等的）可能性
v
勘探，勘察
【考】
prospect for
勘探，勘察
【派】
prospective a
未来的
prospector n
勘探者，采矿者
emp I oy vt
雇佣；使用
【考】
in the emp I oy of
受雇于
【派】
employer n
雇主；
employee n
雇员
emp I oyment n
雇佣，工作
unemp I oyment n
失业
qua I ify vt
（使）胜任，（使）具有资格
【考】
qual ify for sth
使具有…的资格
【派】
qual if ication n
资格，条件
;qual if ied a
有资格的
assign vt
指派，选派;分配，布置
（作业）
【派】
assignment
作业
al lowance n
津贴，补贴，零用钱
【考】
make al lowance （s） for
考虑到，顾及;体谅；原谅
seal n
印，图章;封印，封条;海豹
vt
（密）封
【考】
sea I off
圭寸闭，圭寸锁；
break the sea I
拆圭寸
【派】
sealed
密封的
dead I ine n
最后期限
attr i bute v.
归因于
base v.
建立在 ...... 的基础上
bewi Ider v.
迷惑，弄糊涂
breed v.
培育，养育
cling v.
坚守，抱紧
abandon v.
抛弃，放弃
acknowledge v.
对 ........ 表示谢忱，报偿
acquaint v.
熟悉，认识
acquire v.
（靠自己的能力、努力或行为）获得，得到
afford v.
付得起
allege v.
断言，宣称
alternate v.
交替，轮流
anticipate v.
预期
applaud v.
赞扬，称赞
ascend v.
上
升，攀登
ascr ibe v.
归因于，归功于
assemble v.
集合，聚集
assign v.
分派，指派（职务，任
务）
coincide v.
相同，相一致
col Iaborate v.
合著，合作
collide v.
互撞，碰撞
commenee v.
开始
compensate v.
补偿，赔偿
comp I ement v.
与 ..... 结合，补充
comp I y v.
遵守
surgeon n
外科医生
【派】
surgery n
外科、外科手术
phys i c i an n
内科医生
pregnancy n
怀孕、怀孕期
【派】
pregnant a
怀孕的
remedy n
治疗法、补救办法
bacter i a n
细菌
stress n
压力
【派】
stressful a
有压力的
absent- minded n
心不在焉的
医生给她注射以减轻疼痛
bandage n
绷带
stroke n
中风
pharmacy n
药房、药店、药剂学、配药
capsule n
胶囊、航天舱、密封舱
【例】
a space capsuIe
太空舱

pill n
药片
【例】
take pills
服药
tab I et n
药片
scar n
伤疤、创伤
v
留下伤痕
disable vt
使无能力；使残废
transp I ant vt
移植
【记】
trans （
转移
）+plant （
种植）二移植
【派】
transplantation n
移植
prescr i be v
开处方
【派】
prescr i pt ion n
处方
diagnose vt
诊断、判断
【派】
diagnosis n
诊断
soothe vt
安慰、使平静、减轻、缓和
【例】
This medicine should smooth your sore throat
这种药会减轻你的喉痛
alleviate vt
减轻、缓和、缓解
【例】
al leviate pain
缓解疼痛
expire vi
断气、（期限）终止
【例】
My dr i v i ng I ice nee exp i res next month
我的驾照下个月到期
chron i c a
慢性的
【考】
chronic di seases
慢性疾病
dizzy a
头晕目眩的
resistant a
有抵抗力的、抵抗的
【派
［resistance n
抵抗、阻力
immune a
免疫的，不受影响的
【派】
be immune to
免于，不受影响的
be immune from
免除的
disorder n
混乱、失调
【例】
economic disorder
经济
【记】
dis
（否定前缀）+
order （
秩序）
d i scomfort n
不适
syndrome n
综合症
【考】
AIDS
艾滋病
（Acqu i red Immune Def i c i ency Syndrome）
hand i cap n
缺陷、障碍
【派】
handicapped a
有缺陷的
【派】
disabled a
伤残的
strain n
拉紧、过劳、扭伤
vt
拉伤、使紧张
vi
尽力
【派
［restrained vt
抑制，遏制；管制，
1 acce I erate vt.
（使）加速,增速
【例】
acce I erate the rate of economic growth
加速经济增长
【派】
acce I erat i on n.
加速
acce I erat i ng a.
加速的
2 account n.
账户、考虑
【考】
take sth. into account
把…考虑在内
3 accustom vt.
使习惯
【考】
be accustomed to

4 adapt v i.
适应
【考】
adapt to
…适应
5 ad jus t v i.
适应
【考】
adjus t to.
..适应…
6 advocate vt.
宣扬
7 aff I uent a.
富裕的
【派】
aff Iuence n.
富裕
8 annoy vt.
使烦恼，使恼怒
【派】
annoying a.
令人恼人的；
annoyance n.
烦恼;
annoyed a.
颇为生气的
9 ascr i be vt.
把…归咎于
【考】
ascr i be.. to
归因于
10 assess vt.
评估
【派】
assessment n.
评估
11 assign vt.
指派，选派；分配，布置（作业）
12 assume vt.
假象、假定
13 atta i n vt.
获得
【考】
atta i n one's i dea I
达到理想
14 attr ibute vt.
把…归因于
【考】
attr i bute sth. to
把...归咎于
15 attr i bute vt.
归咎于
【考】
be attr ibuted to attr i bute sth? to …
16 automat i ca I I y ad.
自动地
17 boost vt.
提高，推动，使增长
n.
推动，增长
【例】
boost the economy
推动经济增长
【派】
booster n.
支持者，推动器
18 brilliant a.
光辉的、辉煌的
【派】
br i I I i ance n.
19 col laborate vi.
合作
【考】
collaborate with. sb.
20 comprehens i ve a.
综合的
【考】综合性大学
21 conscious a.
有意识的
【考】
be conscious of sth.
对 …有意识
22 conserve vt.
保存、节省
【考】
conserve energy
保护能源
23 considerate a.
考虑周到的
24 contr i bute vt
?贡献
【考】
contribute to
导致、带来、为…贡献
25 convenient a
?方彳更白勺
n. convenience
方便
26 convey vt
?传达
27 cooperate vt.
合作
【考】
cooperative a.
合作的
28 coord i nate vt.
合作
29 cultivate vt.
培养
30 der i ve vt.
出自、源于
【考】
der i ve from …
assignment
作业 【派】

31 despa i r vi.
绝望；
n.
绝望
【考】
despa i r of
绝望；
sb. be i n despa i r
某人处于绝望中
32 d i sapprove vt.
不批准、不赞同
【派】
d i sapprova I n.
不赞同
【考】
express strong d i sapprovaI
33 dismiss vt.
撤销、免职
【考】
be di smissed by one
1
s company
被公司解雇
34 d i st i ngu i sh vt.
辨别
【派】
distinguished a.
突出的
35 d i str i bute vt.
分配、分发
【考】
d i str i but i on n.
分配、分发
36 dominate vt.
支配、统治
【考】
male-dominated society
男性主导社会
37 embarrass vt.
使窘迫，使尴尬；
【派】
embarrassed a.
（某人）尴尬的；
embarrassment n.
沮丧
embarrass ing a.
（某 事）令人尴尬
的
38 emp I oy vt.
雇佣；使用
【考】
in the emp I oy of
受雇于
[JR] employer n.
雇主；
empIoyee n.
雇员
empIoyment n.
雇佣，工作
unempIoyment n.
失业
39 engage vt.
从事、订婚
【考】
be engaged in sth?
从事…
40 enhance vt.
加强
41 enrol I vt.
注册、使…入会
【派】
enrol Iment
42 evacuate vt.
撤走、疏散
43 eva I uate vt.
评价、估计
【派】
eva I uat ion n.
44 eva I uate vt.
评价、估计
45 excessive a.
过度的
46 frustrate vt.
使沮丧，使灰心
【派】
frustration n.
挫折；
frustrating a.
令人沮丧的
47 genet i c a.
遗传的
48 guarantee vt.
保证
49 identify vt.
鉴别、验明
【考】
identify theft
辨别偷窃
50 immigrate vt.
移民
【派】
immigrant n.
移民
immigration 51 impIement vt.
实施
【派】
impIementation n.
52 incline vi.
倾向
【考】
be incl ined to do sth.
倾向于做某事
53 inferior a.
下级的、下等的
【考】
be i nfer i or to
比…低级

54 injure vt.
受伤
【派】
injured a.
受伤的；
injury n.
受伤
55 i nqu i re v i.
询问
56 inst inet n.
本能、直觉
【考】
human i nst i net
人类本能
57 integrate vt.
使结合、使一体化
【派】
i ntegra I a.
—体的;
i ntegrat ion n.
—体
【考】
as an i ntegra I who I e
作为一个整体
g Ioba I economic i ntegrat ion
全球经济 —体化
58 internship n.
实习
59 inverse a.
倒转的、反转的
60 justify vt.
证明…是正当的
翻译词汇汇总
概述
Genera I Terms
爱国主义精神
patriotism
诚实守信
honesty
全民健身运动
nationwide
集体主义
co I I ect i v i sm
为人民服务
serving the people
重要文化遗产
major cu I tura I her i tage
优秀民间艺术
outstanding foIk arts

公民道德建设实施纲要
The Program for
弘扬

Improving Civic Mora I ity
主旋律，提倡多样化
highl i ght
the central theme of the ti mes while
fitness campaign
encouraging diversity
社会公德，职业道德和家庭美德教育
education i n soci a I and profess ional ethies and famiIy vi rtues
深入群众，深入生活
go deep among the masses and into the thick of I ife
奉献无愧于时代的作品
contribute to the peopIe works worthy of the times
中华文明博大精深，源远流长
The Chinese c i v i I i zat i on is extensive and profound , and has a long h i story
自立于世界民族
之林
stand proud I y i n the fam i I y of nat i ons
艺术及工艺
Arts and Crafts
版画
engraving
贝雕画
she I I carv i ng picture
彩塑
pa i nted scu I pture
瓷器
porcelain; china
刺绣
embroidery
雕刻
carving
宫灯
palace I ant ern
国画
Chinese pa inting
剪纸
paper-cut
景德镇瓷
Jingdezhen porcelain
景泰蓝
cloi sonnQ ename I
蜡染
batik
卖秸画
straw patchwork
木石竹刻
woodstonebamboo carving
木刻画
wood engraving
戏剧表演
Theatr i ca I Performances
京剧月佥谱
types of faci a I makeup in Bei j i ng opera
生
male characters
末
midd1e-aged ma 1e characters
净
“ pa i nted face
n
characters
旦
fema 1e characters
丑
clown
京剧票友
amatur performer of Peking Opera
木偶戏
puppet show
独角戏
monod rama; one-man p1 ay
皮影戏
shadow p1 ay 1eather- silhouette show
折子戏
opera highl ights
戏剧小品
skit
哑剧
dumb show mime mummery pantomime
单口相声
monologue comic ta 1k
双口相声
witty dialogue

口技
voca1 imi tat i ons ventr i 1oqu i sm

说书
monologue story-1eI I ing
杂技
acrobatic performance making a
叠罗汉
human pyramid stunt
特技
stilt waIk
睬高跷
c i reus performances
马戏
神话人物
Mythological Figures
八仙
the E i ght Immorta
丨
s
嫦娥
Chang' s ( the Chinese moon goddess)
伏羲
Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry)
福禄寿三星
the three gods of fortune , prosper ity and Iongevity
共工
God of Water
后羿
Houyi (a Iegendary hero who shot down nine suns )
黄帝
Yellow Emperor
夸父
Kuafu (a fab Ied sun-chasing giant )
女
Goddess of Sky-patching
盘古
Pan Gu (creator of the universe )
神农
Patron of Agr icu It ure
禹
Yu (the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty)
祝融
God of Fire
古代建筑
Ancient Architecture
塔
pagoda
琉璃塔
g I azed stupa
舍利塔
dagoba sar i ra stupa ( a pagoda for Buddhis t relics )
舍利子
sari ra rema i ns from crema tion of Buddha
?
s of sa i n ts， body
喇叭塔
st pagoda
楼
storied buiIdings
钟楼
be I I tower
鼓楼
drum tower
阁
pav i I i on
烽火台
beacon tower
华表
orn amen tai co I umn
牌坊
memorial archway
古代典籍
Famous Ancient Books
《春秋》
The Spring and Autumn Anna I s
《史记》
Historical Records
《诗经》
The Book of Songs
书经》
The Book of H i story
易经》
The Book of Changes
礼记》
The Book of
Rites
The Four Books:
大学》
The Great Learni ng
中庸》
The Doctrine of the Mean
《论语》
The Analects of Confuc i us
《孟子》
The Menc i us
《山海经》
The Classic of Mountains and Rivers
Lama i

《本草纲目》
Compend i um of Mater i a Med ica
《 资治通鉴》
H i story Reto I d as a M i r ror for Ru I ers
《西厢记 》
The Romance of West Chamber
《 三国演义》
The Romance of the Three Ki ngdoms
《 水浒传》
Heroes of the Marshes Water Margins
《西游记》
Pi I gr image to the West
Mans i ons The story of the Stone
《红楼梦》
Dream of the Red
of a Lone I y Stud io
宗教
Re I igions
Strange Ta Ies
《聊斋志异
佛教
Buddhi sm
释迦牟尼
Sakyamun i
佛寺
Buddhi st temple
大雄宝殿
the Great Buddha
?
s Ha I I
藏经楼
depositary of Buddhi st texts
金刚经
Vajracched i ka-sutra
素菜馆
vegetar i an restaurant
罗
汉堂
arhat ha I I
观音
Gua ny in; Goddess of Mercy; Ava I ok i tesvara
地藏
God of Earth
四大金冈
I
」
Four Heavenly Guardians (at the ent rance to a Buddhism t emple) Four Devarajas
四大天王
Four Heavenly Kings
因果报应
karma
藏传佛教
Lama i sm
大藏经
Tr ipitaka
转世灵童
reinearnated soul boy
喇嘛庙
I amasery
道教
Tao i sm
道观
Tao i st temp I e
道士
Taoi s t pries t
传统节日
Trad i t i onal Festivals
拜年
pay i ng a New Year ca I I
爆竹
f i recracker
鞭炮
a st ring of sma I I f i recrackers
除夕
New Year' s Eve
春节
Spr i ng Festival
春联
Spr i ng Fes tival couplets (conveying best wishes for the year )
舌辛旧迎新
bid fareweI I to the old and usher in the new r ing out the oId year and r ing in the new
大扫除
year-end househoId cIeaning
灯谜
I antern riddles
登高
hi I I cl imbing
端午节
Drag on Boa t Fes ti va I
恭喜发财
May you be prosperous! Wish you a I I the best
观灯
view ing the I ant erns
贺年片
New Year film
饺子
dump I i ngs (with mea t and vege table stuf fing )
龙灯舞
drag on Ian tern dance
庙会
temp I e fai r
年画
New Year picture

年夜饭
fami ly reuni on d i n ner on Lunar New Year
J
s Eve
压岁钱
money given to chi Idren as a Lunar New Year gift
烹饪
CuI inary Arts
美食节
gourmet festival
中餐烹饪
Chinese cuisine
色，香，味俱全
perfect combination of color
t
aroma
t
taste and appearanee
四大菜系：山东菜，四
川菜，粤菜，扬州菜
four major Ch i nese cu i s i nes: Sha ndong cu i s i ne , Si chuan cuisine , Can ton cu i s i ne and
Yangzhou cuisine
南［炎
sl
匕咸， 东 甜西辣
the I ight southern cui s i ne
f
and the sa I ty northern cuisine the
sweet eastern cuisine , and the spicy western cuisine
八宝菜
eight-treasure pickles ( assorted walnut meats , asparagus , Iettuce , almonds , cucumber and
peanuts , etc ? pickled in soy sauce )
八宝饭
eigh t-t reasure r ice pudding (gl utin ous r ice st earned with preserved fruits , sweetened
bean paste , lotus seeds
F
longan , etc.)
白斩鸡
tender boi led chicken (made by boiling a whole chi eke n in water and cutting into cubes , then
dipping into seasonings )
臭豆腐
odd-odour bean curb
粉蒸肉
pork st reamed with r ice flour
风味小吃
local de I icacy
腐竹
rolls of dried bean milk cream
冷盘
hors cT oeuvres
萨其马
Manchu candied fr itter cut in squares
阅读必备词汇、
grind n
苦差事
vt
磨;压迫
vi
磨擦得吱吱作响
【考】
grind for an exam
用功准备考试
;gr ind out
生拼硬凑地写出
gr ind away at Engl ish studies
刻苦攻读英语；
【派】
grinder
磨工
strai n n
过度劳累，极度紧张;扭伤
vt
扭伤;拉紧
vi
尽力
【考】
menta I strain
精神紧张
interval n
间隔，间距;幕间（或工间）休息
【考】
at intervals
不时;相隔一定距离
subordinate n
部属，下级
a
下级的，次要的
vt
使处于次要地位，使从属于
【考】
be subord i nate to
次要的,从属的
deputy n
副职，副手;代表，代理人
【考】
deputy mayor
副市长
freelance n
自由职业者，独立行动的人
a
自由职业者的
prospect n
前途，（成功等的）可能性
v
勘探，勘察
【考】
prospect for
勘探，勘察
【派】
prospective a
未来的
prospector n
勘探者，采矿者
a I I owance n
津贴，补贴，零用钱
【考
］make al Iowance（s） for
考虑到,顾及;体谅；原谅

seal n E
卩，图章;封印,封条;海豹
vt
（密）封
【考】
sea I off
圭寸闭，封锁;
break the sea I
拆封
【派】
sealed
密封的
dead I ine n
最后期限
emp I oy vt
雇佣；使用
【考】
in the emp I oy of
受雇于
【派】
employer n
雇主；
employee n
雇员
emp I oyment n
雇佣，工作
unemp I oyment n
失业
qua I ify vt
（使）胜任，（使）具有资格
【考】
qual ify for sth
使具有…的资格
【派】
qual if ication n
资格，条件
;qual if ied a
有资格的
assign vt
指派，选派；分配，布置
（作业）
【派】
assignment
作业
undertake vt
承担，着手做;保证，同意
【考】
undertake sth
从事…
【派】
undertaking n
事业，任务
occupy vt
使忙碌，使从事；占领，占用
【派】
occupation n
职业;
occupant n
居住者;
occupancy n
占有
exert vt
用力；运用，发挥，施加
【考】
exert oneself
努力，尽力;
exert a I I one' s strength
尽某人全力
【派】
exertion n
努力；发挥，行使
alter vt
改变;修改衣服
【派】
alternation n
改变，变更;
unaltered a
未被改变的，不变的；
a I ternat i ve n
替换物，选择
resign vi
辞职
vt
辞去，放弃;使顺从
【考］
resign from
辞职
resign to
使顺从
equal a
胜任的，合格的;平等的
vt
等于
【考】
be equal to
相等的;胜任的，合适的
【派】
equal ly ad
相等地；
equal ity n
同等，平等
inferior a
劣等的;下级的
n
下级，下属
【考】
be inferior to sth sb
比…差，不如…
【派】
inferiority n
下级；自卑感
capable a
有能力的
【考】
be capab I e of
能够
br i I I iant a
卓越的；光辉的
【派】
br i I I iant ly ad
辉煌地，灿烂地
auxi I iary a
辅助的,补助的；附属的；备用的
【例】
the aux i I iary generator
备用发电机
vacant a
空着的；（职位、工作等）空缺的；（神情）茫然的

【派
［vacancy n
空处，空缺
enterpr i se n
企业， 事业
【考】
joint enterpr i se
合资企业
【例】
with enterpr i se and creat i v i ty
事业心和创造力
hunt n v
寻找;打猎;追捕
【派】
hunter n
猎人
job-hunter
找工作的人
【考】
hunt down
对…穷追到底；
go hunting
打猎；
hunt for
寻找
i nterv i ew n
面试
cand i date n
候选人
resume n
简历;摘要
v
（中断后）重新开始，恢复
【派］
resumpt ion n
重新开始
ability n
本事，能力；才能
【考】
to the best the
of one' s ability
尽某人最大努力;
sth
从
ability to do grasp n vt
事（某事）的能力
理解，
领会;抓紧，抓牢
【考】
within sb '
s grasp
为某人所能及的
【例】
grasp
opportunities
抓住机会
comm i tment n
承诺，保证；献身；承担的义务
【例】
the commitment of the staff
员工的义务
undertake vt
承担，着手做；保证
【考】
under take sth
从事…
【派】
undertaking n
事业，任务
occupy vt
使忙碌，使从事；占领，占用
【派】
occupation n
职业;
occupant n
居住者;
occupancy n
占有
exert vt
用力；运用，发挥，施加
【考】
exert onese I f
努力，尽力;
exert a I I one' s strength
尽某人全力
【派】
exert ion n
努力；发挥，行使
alter vt
改变;修改衣服
【派】
alternation n
改变，变更;
unaltered a
未被改变的，不变的；
a I ternat i ve n
替换物，选择
resign vi
辞职
vt
辞去，放弃;使顺从
【考］
resign from
辞职
resign to
使顺从
equal a
胜任的，合格的；平等的
vt
等于
【考】
be equal to
相等的;胜任的，合适的
【派】
equal ly ad
相等地；
equal ity n
同等,平等
inferior a
劣等的;下级的
n
下级，下属
【考】
be i nfer i or to sth sb
比…差，不如…
【派】
inferiority n
下级；自卑感
capable a
有能力的
【考】
be capab I e of
能够
br i I I iant a
卓越的；光辉的
【派】
br i I I iant ly ad
辉煌地，灿烂地
auxi I iary a
辅助的,补助的；附属的；备用的
【例】
the aux i I iary generator
备用发电机


, 同意

vacant a
空着的；（职位、工作等）空缺的；（神情）茫然的
【派
［vacancy n
空处，空缺
enterpr i se n
企业， 事业
【考】
joint enterpr i se
合资企业
【例】
with enterpr i se and creat i v i ty
事业心和创造力
hunt n v
寻找;打猎;追捕
【派】
hunter n
猎人
job-hunter
找工作的人
【考】
hunt down
对…穷追到底;
go hunting
打猎
;hunt for
寻找
i nterv i ew n
面试
cand i date n
候选人
resume n
简历;摘要
v
（中断后）重新开始，恢复 【派
［resumption n
重新开始
ability n
本事，能力；才能
【考】
to the best the
of one* s ability
尽某人最大努力;
sth
从
abi I ity to do grasp n
事（某事）的能力
vt
理解，
【考】
within sb '
【例】
grasp
opportunities
抓住机会
领会;抓紧，抓牢
s grasp
为某人所能及的
commi tment n
承诺，保证；献身；承担的义务
【例】
the commitment of the staff
员工的义务
grind n
苦差事
vt
磨;压迫
vi
磨擦得吱吱作响
【考】
grind for an exam
用功准备考试
;gr ind out
生拼硬凑地写出
gr i nd away at Engl i sh stud
ies
刻苦攻读英语；
【派】
grinder
磨工
strain n
过度劳累，极度紧张;扭伤
vt
扭伤;拉紧
vi
尽力
【考】
menta I strain
精神紧张
interval n
间隔，间距;幕间（或工间）休息
【考】
at intervals
不时;相隔一定距离
subordinate n
部属，下级
a
下级的，次要的
vt
使处于次要地位，使从属于
【考】
be subord i nate to
次要的,从属的
deputy n
副职，副手;代表，代理人
【考】
deputy mayor
副市长
freelance n
自由职业者，独立行动的人
a
自由职业者的
prospect n
前途，（成功等的）可能性
v
勘探，勘察
【考】
prospect for
勘探，勘察
【派】
prospective a
未来的
prospector n
勘探者，采矿者
emp I oy vt
雇佣;使用
【考】
i n the emp I oy of
受雇于
【派】
emp I oyer n
雇主；
employee n
雇员
emp I oyment n
雇佣，工作
unemp I oyment n
失业
qua I ify vt
（使）胜任,（使）具有资格
【考】
qual ify for sth
使具有…的资格
【派】
qual if icatio n n
资格,条件:
qua I if ied a
有资格的
assign vt
指派，选派；分配，布置
（作业）
【派】
ass ignment
作业
al lowance n
津贴，补贴，零用钱

【考】
make al lowance （s） for
考虑到,顾及；体谅；原谅
seal n
印，图章;封印,封条;海豹吐（密）封
【考】
sea I off
H
闭，圭寸锁；
break the sea I
拆圭寸
【派】
sealed
密封的
dead I ine n
最后期限
attr i bute v.
归因于
base v.
建立在 ...... 的基础上
bewi Ider v.
迷惑，弄糊涂
breed v.
培育，养育
cling v.
坚守，抱紧
abandon v.
抛弃，放弃
acknowledge v.
对 ........ 表示谢忱，报偿
acquaint v.
熟悉，认识
acquire v.
（靠自己的能力、努力或行为）获得，得到
afford v.
付得起
allege v.
断言，宣称
alternate v.
交替，轮流
anticipate v.
预期
applaud v.
赞扬，称赞
ascend v.
上升，攀登
ascr i be v.
归因于，归功于
assemble v.
集合，聚集
assign v.
分派，指派（职务，任务）
coinci de v.
相同，相一致
col Iaborate v.
合著，合作
collide v.
互撞，碰撞
commenee v.
开始
compensate v.
补偿，赔偿
comp I ement v.
与 ...... 结合，补充
comp I y v.
遵守
tragedy n
悲剧，惨事
【例】
Hamlet i s one of Shakespeare
?
s best known traged ies
《哈姆莱特》是莎
之一
hobby n
爱好
baseba I I n
棒球
【例】
The heavy ra i n i nterrupted the baseba I I game
大雨中断了棒球比赛
soccer n
（美国）足球
vol IeybaI I n
排球
chess n
国际象棋
gym n
体育馆
ameteur n
业余爱好者
a
业余的
【例】
an ameteur orchestra
—个业余的管弦乐队
ath I ete n
运动员
翁最著名的悲剧

【例】
a professionaI athIete
专业的运动员
【派】
athletic
运动的
sportsman n
运动员
【例】
an a I l-round sportsman—
个全能的运动员
amuse vt
逗笑、给…提供娱乐
【考】
amuse oneself by doing sth
做某事来消遣
【派】
amused a
愉快的
amusement n
娱乐品
entertain vt
招待；给…提供娱乐
【例】
Th i s hote I i s famous for i ts enterta i nment
这家旅馆以它的殷勤待客闻名
【派】
enterta inment n
娱乐
relax vt
（使）放松，
【例】
A hot bath should help to relax you
—个热水澡有助于缓解疲劳
【派
［relaxed a
不严格的，不拘束的;
relaxat io n n
放松
skate vt
溜冰
【例】
The chi Idren skated on the frozen pond
孩子们在结冰的池塘上滑冰
ski vi
滑雪
n
滑雪板
refresh vt
（使）恢复记忆，振作精神
【考】
refresh one' s memory
重新唤起记忆
enthusiastic a
热心的，热情的
【例】
Al I the staff are enthusiastic about the sports
所有职员都对体育感兴趣
【派】
enthusiasm n
热情 巨大兴趣
I e i sure a
空闲的
n
空闲时间
【例
J leisure time
空闲时间
at I e i sure
闲暇时
prevalent a
流行的，普遍的
【例】
The color i s prevalent i n some countr i es
这种颜色在一些国家很流行
si im a
苗条的，薄的
【例】
a si im waist
纤细的腰
【派】
si immer n
减肥者
fashionable a
流行的、普遍的
【考】
be in fash i on
流行
be out of fashi on
落后
recreat i on n
娱乐，消遣
【考】
recreations I act i v i t i es
娱乐活动
【派】
recreat iona I a
娱乐的
episode n
插曲，连续剧的一集
【例】
the first ep i sode of the cornedy
那喜剧的第一集
ser ies n
连续剧，一系列
【考】
a ser ies of
—系列
pop n
流行音乐
【例】
pop music
流行音乐

mov i e n
电影
【例】
movie star
电影明星
poster n
海报，招贴画
【例】
the poster for exhibition
展览海报
spectator n
观众
car toon n
卡通漫画
【例】
cartoon characters
卡通人物
comedy n
喜剧
【例】
si lent comedy
无声喜剧
negative a
负面的，消极的
panic n
恐慌，慌乱
vi
使恐慌，使惊
慌失措
【例】
The crowd pan i ced at the sound of the exp I os i on
爆炸声一响，人群便惊慌起来
jealous
a
嫉妒的,猜忌的
【考】
be jea Ious of sth
对…嫉妒
upset vt
使心烦意乱；
a
心烦的，苦恼的；
n
不安
【考】
sth upset sb
某事使某人心烦意乱
sb be upset about sth
某人对某事苦恼
【派】
upsetting a
令人心烦意乱的
sympathetic a
同情的，体谅的
【考】
be sympathet i c towi th
同情
【派】
sympathize v
体谅；
sympathy n
同情
concern n
关切的事；关心；关系
【例】
be concerned aboutwithto
对…很关心
hatred n
憎恶,憎恨
affect ion n
喜爱，感情，爱慕之情
【派】
affectionate a
爱的，挚爱的
pass ion n
激情，热情，酷爱
【派】
passionate a
激情的
preference n
喜爱，偏爱，优先（权）
【派】
prefer vt
倾向于
stress n
压力，紧张
【派】
stressful a
紧张的
gratitude n
感激，感谢
【派】
grateful a
感激的
overcome vt
战胜，克服
【例】
overcome difficulties
克服困难
annoy vt
使烦恼，使恼怒
【派】
annoying a
令人恼人的；
annoyance n
烦恼；
annoyed a
颇为生气的
despa i r v i
绝望;
n
绝
望
【考】
despa i r of
绝望；
sb be i n despa i r
某人处于绝望中
frustrate vt
使沮丧，使灰心
【派】
frustration n
挫折；
frustrating a
令人沮丧的
embarrass vt
使窘迫，使尴尬
【派】
embarrassed a
（某人）尴尬的;
embarrassment n
沮丧；
embarrass ing a
（某事）令人尴尬的
envy vt
嫉妒，羡慕
n
羡慕，嫉妒
neglect vt
忽视，忽略
n
疏忽，忽视

【考】
neglect of duty
玩忽职守
oppress vt
压迫， 压制
【派】
oppressed a
压抑的，受压迫的；
oppression n
压迫
admi re vt
钦佩，赞赏，羡慕
【派】
admirable a
令人羡慕；
admiration n
赞赏，钦佩
restra i n vt
阻止，控制；抑制，遏
止
【考】
restrai n sb from doing sth
抑制某人做某事
relieve vt
使轻松，使宽慰；缓解，减
轻
【例
［relieve pa in
缓解疼痛;
rel ieve anxiety
缓解焦虑
comp lain vt
抱怨，诉苦
【考】
comp I a i n about (of) sb sth
抱怨…
【派】
comp I a i nt n
埋怨
insult vt
侮辱，辱骂
n
侮辱，凌辱
conscious a
意识到的，自觉的
【考】
be conscious of
意识到
【派】
con sc i ous ness n
知觉； 意识
u neon scious a
无意识白勺
subconscious a
下意识的
seIf-consciousness n
自我，自觉
intense a
激烈的，紧张的
【例】
intense competition
激烈的竞争
i ntense fee I i ngs
激烈的情感
【派
］intensity n
强度；
intensive a
密集的
eager a
热切的，渴望的
【考】
eager to do sth
渴望做某事
optimistic a
乐观(主义)的
【考】
be optimist i c about sth
对…乐观
positive a
确实的，明确的，积极的
【考】
positive effect
积极作用
surgeon n
外科医生
【派】
surgery n
夕卜科、外科手术
phys ician n
内科医生
pregnancy n
怀孕、怀孕期
【派】
pregnant a
怀孕的
remedy n
治疗法、补救办法
bacter i a n
细菌
stress n
压力
【派】
stressful a
有压力的
abserrt- minded n
心不在焉白勺
医生给她注射以减轻疼痛
bandage n
绷带
stroke n
中风
pharmacy n
药房、药店、药剂学、配药
capsule n
胶囊、航天舱、密封舱
【例】
a space capsuIe
太空舱
pi I I n
药片
【例】
take pills
服药
tab I et n
药片
scar n
伤疤、创伤
v
留下伤痕
disable vt
使无能力；使残废
transp I ant vt
移植

【记】
trans （
转移
（
种植）二移植
【派】
transpIantation n
移植
prescr i be v
开处方
【派】
prescription n
处方
diagnose vt
诊断、判断
【派】
diagnosis n
诊断
soothe vt
安慰、使平静、减轻、缓和
【例】
This medicine should smooth your sore throat
这种药会减轻你的喉痛
alleviate vt
减轻、缓和、缓解
【例】
al leviate pain
缓解疼痛
expi re vi
断气、（期限）终止
【例】
My dr i v i ng I ice nee exp i res next month
我的驾照下个月到期
chron i c a
慢性的
【考】
chronic di seases
慢性疾病
dizzy a
头晕目眩的
resistant a
有抵抗力的、抵抗的
【派
［resistance n
抵抗、阻力
immune a
免疫的，不受影响的
【派】
be immune to
免于，不受影响的
be i mmune from
免除的
disorder n
混乱、失调
【例】
economic di sorder
经济
【记】
dis
（否定前缀）+
order （
秩序）
d i scomfort n
不适
syndrome n
综合症
【考】
AIDS
艾滋病
（Acqu i red Immune Deficiency Syndrome）
hand i cap n
缺陷、障碍
【派】
handicapped a
有缺陷的
【派】
disabled a
伤残的
strain n
拉紧、过劳、扭伤
vt
拉伤、使紧张
vi
尽力
【派
1 restrained vt
抑制，遏制；管制
四级中易混淆的词
1. abi I ity n.
能力，本领，技巧
to do sth.
capabi I ity n.
才能,可能性,性能
to doof doing sth. capacity n.
容量，潜能，智能
to dofor
doing sth.
2. able adj.
能干的，有能力的
to do sth.
capable adj.
能胜任的,有可能的
of doing sth. competent adj.
能胜任的，（知识技术）过硬的
~
to dofor sth. qua I if ied adj.
符合资格条件的
for sth. in doi ng sth.

3. absence n.
缺席，不在，缺乏（证据，理由）
lack n.
缺少，没有（信心，经验）
want n.
需要，缺乏（知识，关心）
4.
5.
accept vt.
接受（可拒绝）
receive vt.
（无法拒绝地）收到
accident n.
意外事故，灾祸
incident n.
事件，事变，（政治）事端
event n.
大事，重大事件
occurrence n.
偶然发生之事
6. accomp I i sh vt.
完成
achieve vt.
获得（成就）
attai n vt.
达到（目标）
7. accordingly adv.
（自然而平常的因果）于是，据此
consequently adv.
（未必必然之）结
果，因此（二
as a result） hence adv.
（为强调前因之）因而，所以，这样
（thus）
t herefore adv.
（作为必然结果结论）因此
（because of this）
8. accurate adj.
（话、计算等）准确,精确的
exact adj.
（数字、细节）与事实标准相符的,确切的
precise adj.
精确严密的，严谨无误
的
9. accuse v.
控告
（sb. of ???）
charge v.
扌空告
（sb. with…）
sco I d v.
责备
（sb. for---）
sentence v.
判处徒刑
（sb. for…）
10. acknowledge v.
公开承认（本来否认之事）
a secret admit v.
不情愿、被迫承认（真实
性）
a statemen t confess v.
认错，招供
（to） a crime
11. adapt vt.
使（有能力）适应（新环境、条件）
adjust vt.
（调整以）适应，调节（机器、
仪器）
regulate vi.
校正，调节（温度、速度）；控制
12. adequate adj.
（相对于某一标准的）足够的，适当的
enough adj.
（相对于愿望、要求
的）足够的
suff icient adj.
（相对于实际需要的）足够的，充分的
13. adhere vi
坚持（原则等
to）
insist vi
坚持（观点等
on, that）
persist vi
坚持（行动等
in）
persevere v i.
持之以恒
stick vi
坚持，粘着（原先的立场、主张、承诺等~
t
。）
14. advise v.
建议，忠告
counsel n. v.
（审慎而正式）忠告，顾问
15. area n.
（与面积相关的）地区，区域
region n.
（与某天然色、气候相关的）地区，大行政区
zone n.
（与地理上、军事、政治、商业等相关的）区
district n
行政划分的区
（kt region
小），（市内的）区
16. affect vt.
（直接，有形的；不良的，情感的）影响
influence vt.
（潜移默化地）影响

impact vt.
冲击，（巨大地）影响
17. aid V.
（急需的、经济等方面的）援助
ass is t v.
（辅助、次要的）协助，起助手作用
help v.
（精神、物质上）帮助（以达到某种目的）
18. aim n.
（军事，体育）目的，目标，明确的奋斗目标
goal n.
（长期努力的）目标，终点
objective n.
（具体、直接、很快可达到的）目标，目的
purpose n.
意图，目的
19. allow v.
（不加阻止、默许）准许，许可
sb. to do, for permit v.
（正式而严肃的）允
许，准许
sb. to do, doing sth.
20. alter v.
（局部、尺寸等）改变
a dress
改制衣服
change v.
（通用词）变化，改变
a
dress
换衣服
convert v.
（本质、信仰等）转变
sb. sth. into
shift vt.
变换（档，速，位置）；（并非出于自愿的）改变，更换，转移
transfer vt.
搬
迁，调动；改转（车票等）
vary vi.（—
定范围内）变动，变化
21. amaze v. （=surpr i se greatly）
使愕然
astonish v.
（对无法理解、解释之事的）震惊
surpr i se v.
使吃惊
22. answer v.
回答（问题），接（电话），（对敲门等的）答应
reply v.
（正式、书面的）答复
that…，to ??? respond vi.
（口头或行动上的）响应，反应
to
23. apparatus n.
（与某职业相关的）仪器、器械
app I iance n.
（常
s）
电器
equ i pment n.
（不可数）设备，装备
i mp I ement n.
（大型）工具，（农）具，器具
instrument n.
精密仪器，乐器
24. apparent adj.
表面的，明显的
（-*-appear）
d i st i net adj.
与众不同的，清楚的（一
distinctive）
evident adj.
有证据表明的，显然的（一
evidence）
obvious adj.
显而易见的
25. appear vi.
（事物）出现
arise v.
（问题等）出现
emerge v i?
（从…冒岀）
from…
happen v i.
发生，碰巧
occur vi.
发生?想起
to do sth.
英语阅读理解选择方法
1 ?
比较题
A rapid means of Iong-distance transportat ion became a necessi ty for the Un i ted States as sett I ement
（新拓居地）
spread over farther westward. The ear I y tra i ns were impracticaI cur iosities, and for a Iong
time the rai I road companies met with troubIesome mechanical prob Iems? The most ser ious ones were the
construetion of ra i I s ab I e to bear the Ioad*and the deve Iopment of a safe, effective stopping system. Once
these were so I ved?the ra i I road was estab I i shed as the best means of I and transportation. By 1860 there
were thousands of mi les of rai I roads crossing the eastern mounta i n ranges and reach ing westward to the
Mississippi? There were a I so regional southern and western lines?

The major prob Iems with Amer i cans ra i I road system i n the mid 19th century I ay i n.
A? poor qua Iity rails and unrel iable stoppi ng systems
B.
C.
D.
lack of financial support for deveIopment
丨
imited raiI road I ines
lack of a transcontinental rai I road
讲解答案：
本题问的是
19
世纪中叶美国铁路系统存在的问题。作者在第一段第三句中指出， 当时
最严重的技术问题是
the construct ion of rails ab I e to bear the road
和
the deve I opmen t of a safe,
effect i ve stopping system,
所以答案为
Ao
这个问题与该句的 比较考点（最高级）相联系
The most
serious ones
。
take place vi.
（依据安排等）进行，发生
2
?定义题
Passage
Pr i sc i I I a Ouch i da's ” house turned out to be a horr i b I e dream. When
she and her engi neer husband marr ied a few years ago, they built a $$ 100, 000 three-bedroom home i n Ca I i forn
i a. T i ght
丨
y sea I ed to prevent a i r I eaks, the house was equipped with sma I I double-pa ned
（双层
玻璃白勺）
win dows and severa I ot her energy-saving features. Problems began as soon as the couple moved
in‘however? Priscilla， s eyes burned. Her throat was constant I y dry. She suffered from headaches and cou I d
hard I y s I eep. 11 was as t hough she had sudde n
丨
y deve I oped a st range i I I ness ?
Experts final Iy traced the cause of her i I Iness? The I eve I of forma Idehyde
（甲酵）
gas in her
kitchen was twice the maximum a I I owed by federaI standards for chemica I workers? The source of the gas? Her
new kitchen cabinets and wa I I
一
to-wal I carpet ing.
The Ouch i da are vic tims of i ndoor a i r pol luti on, which i s not give n suff i c i ent attent i on par11 y
because of the nat i on s dr i ve to save energy. The prob I em itseIf isn't new? “The indoor envi ronment was
di rty Iong before energy conservation
came along, ” says Moschandreas, a poIlution sc i entist at Geomet Techno Iogies i n Maryland? Energy conservation
has tended to accentuate the situation in some cases.
The prob I em appears to be more t roub I esome i n n ewl y const rue ted homes rat her than oId ones.
Back in the days when energy was cheap, home bui Iders didr t worry much about unsea Ied cracks? Because of such
Ieaks?the a i r in an average home was rep I aced by fresh out door a i r abo ut once an hour. As a resu It, the
po I lutants generated i n most househoI ds seIdom built up to dangerous I eve Is?
It can be I earned from the passage that the Ouchida' s house_?
A. is well worth the money spent on its construetion
B. is almost faultless from the point of energy conservation
C. failed to meet energy conservation standards
D? was designed and constructed in a scientific way
讲解答案：
B
根据第一段第三句：
T i ght I y sea I ed to prevent a i r I eaks, the house was equipped with
smaI I doubIe-pnned widows and severaI other energy-saving features.
（紧紧地封闭起来以防空气泄漏，这所
房子有镶有小块的双层玻璃的窗子，而且 还有一些其他节能的装置。）从保护能源的角度看，房
子的建筑结构是无可挑剔的。
3.
是非题
Passage 1

If women are
themseIves to bIame?
i n clot hes that are
desig ners and the b i
merci lessly exploited
（剥肖
lj） year after year,
Because they tremb Ie at the thought of being
they
seen
have only
in pub I ic
of by the out of fashi on, t hey are a I ways t aken advan tage
g st ores ? Clot hes wh i ch have been worn only a few ti mes have
to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woma n is capable of st
and i ng in fro nt of a -wardrobe
（衣木巨）
packed ful I of clot hes and announcing sad Iy that she has noth
ing to wear.
Cha ng ing fash i ons are not h i ng more t han the intent i onal crea tion of was te. Many wome n
spe nd vas t sums of money each year to replace clot hes that have hard I y been worn? Women who cannot afford
to throw away clothing in thi s way, waste hours of thei r time alter ing the dresses they have. Ski rts are
Iengthened or shortened; neck I ines are lowered or ra i sed,and so on.
No one can claim that the fashion industry contr ibutes anything reaI Iy important to society. Fashion
designers are rarely concerned with vital things I ike warm th. comfor t and dura b i
丨
i ty
（酉寸用）?
They on I y i nt eres ted i n out ward appeara nee and t hey t ake adva ntage of the fact that wome n will put
up ? any amount of discomfor t. as long as they Iook r ight. There can hardly be a who hasn t at some
八
in hi8
I ife smi led at the s i gh t of a woman shak i ng i n a thin dress on a win ter day
T
or de I .cat e I y Pass way
through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.
When compar i ng men and women i n the matter of fash i on
T
the conc I us i ons to be drawn are obvious,
he constarrt ly changing fashions of womer s clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qua Iities of incons-and i nstabi
I ity? Men are too cI ever to let themseIves be cheated by fashion des i gners. Do the i r nchangi ng sty les of
dress reflect bas i c qua I ities of stab i I ity and re I i ab i I ity? That is for you to dec i de?
1 Accord i ng to the passage, which of the following statements i s TRUE?
Passage 2
Psycho Iogi st George Spi I ich and col leagues at Wash i ngton Col lege i n Ches tertow n, Mary I
and' dec i ded to find out whether?as many smokers say* smok i ng he I ps t hem to - th ink and conce nt rate”
? Spi I ich put young non-smokers, act i ve smokers and smokers depr i ved
（被
IN
夺）
of cigarettes through
a ser ies tests?
I n the f i rst test
t
each subject
（试验对象）
sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as
soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. I n th i s simple test, smokers, depr i ved
smokers and non-smokers performed equa I I y well.
The next test was more comp I ex, requ i r i ng a I I to sean sequences of 20 identicaI letters and
respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a d i fferent one? Non-smokers were faster, but under
the stimulation of nicotine
（尼 古丁），
active smokers were faster than depr i ved smokers?
In the thi rd test of short-term memory?non-smokers made the fewest errors, but depr i ved smokers
committed fewer errors than active smokers?
The fourth test requ i red peopIe to read a passage* then answer questions about it. Non-smokers
remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and depr ived smokers bested
those who had smoked a cigarette jus t before testing. Act ive smokers t ended not only to have poorer memor ies,
but a I so had troubIe separating important information from ins ignificant deta iIs?
“As our tests became more comp I ex, ” sums up Sp i I i ch,
一
non - smokers performed better than smokers by
wider and wider marg in s”. He pred i cts? “smokers mi gh t perform
adequa tely at many jobs until t hey got comp I ica ted. A smok i ng airline pilot cou I d f I y adequa te I y i
f no prob I ems arose but i f some th i ng wen t wro ng, smok i ng mi ght damage his mentaI capacity.
2- Which of the fol lowing statements i s true?
A. Active smokers i n genera I performed better than depr i ved smokers.

B. Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.
C? Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple
tasks.
D. Depr i ved smokers gave the sI owest responses to the var i ous tasks.
讲解答案:
2. C
是非题。从文中 的第三个测试就可排除
A,
从第一个测试就可排除
B
、
D,
因 为在第一
段，
“In t his simple test, smokers, depr i ved smokers and non-smokers performed equa I I y we I I
“ 可判
断。
A New fash i ons i n c I oth i ng are created for the commerc i a I exp I o i tat i on of women.
B The constant changes i n women, s cloth i ng ref Iect the i r strength of
character.
C The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.
D Fash i on designers should not be encouraged s i nee they are on I y we I comed by women.
讲解答案：
1. A
是非题。
B
内容与文章不符，
C
与第三段第二句话相矛盾，
D
没有被提及，而
A
由文章
第一、二句话得出，故选
A
。
Passage 3
A break through
（突破）
i n the prov is ion of energy from the sun for the Europea n Economic Community
（EEC? couId be brought forward by up to two decades? if a modest in crease cou I d be prov i ded m e EEC s
research effor t in t h i s field accord ing to the senior EEC scientists engaged i n exper iments in solar energy
at EEC， near Mi lan.
The senior West German scientist in charge of the Communis solar energy programme Mr. Joachim f^tittold
journaI ists that at present levels of research spe nd i ng i t was mos t uni i ke I y that so I ar en ergy
n
U d
Prov i de as much as t hree perce nt of the Comm unit y‘s en ergy requ i reme nts eve n after the year .But he
sa i d tha t with a modes t in crease in the prese nt sums, devo ted by the EEC to th i s work it poss i b I e
that the breakthrough couId be ach i eved by the end of the next decade?
Mr. Gretz calculates that if solar energy only provided three percent of the EEC s needs,thu still
produce a sav ing of about a bi I I ion pounds i n the present bill for imported energy each year be I ieves that
with the possibi I ity of uti I izing more advanced technology i n thi s field it mi ght be po?tibIc satisfy a
much b i gger share of the Commun ity‘ s future energy needs.
At present the EEC spends about $$2. 6 mi I I ions a year on solar research at Ispra' one of the ?Ec.
officia I joint research centers,and another $$ 3 mi I I ions a year i n i nd i rect research with un i vers it i
es other i ndependent bod i es.
3. Which of the fol lowing i s NOT true according to the passage?
A? The EEC spends one bill ion pounds on imported energy each year.
B. At the present level of research spending, it is difficuIt to make any s ignificant progress in '
provi s ion of energy from the sun.
C? The des i red break through could be obtained by the end of the next decade i f i nvestment were
i ncreaae i
D. The total year Iy spend i ng of the EEC on so I ar energy research amounted to a Imost 6 mi I I ion
讲解答案：
3. A
是非题。
B
、
C
项内容第二段有，
D
项内容第四段有，而
A
项 错在应是节省进 口能源
的金额。
Passage 4

Alt hough Apr i I did not bring us the rain s we a I I hoped for, and alt hough the Central Vai ley
doesn，t generally exper ienee the atmospher ic sound and I ightning that can accompany those rains, it
I important for parents to be able to answer the youthfuI questions about thunder and Iightning?
The reason these two wonders of nature are so diff icuIt for many aduIts to explain to chi Idren i s
t hat t hey are not very we I I unders tood by adu Its t hemselves. For examp I e, did you know tha t the I igh
tn ing we see flashing down to the ear th from a cloud i s actua I ly flash ing up to a cloud from the earth? Our
eyes t r ick us into th i nk i ng we see a downward mot i on when it' s actua I I y the other way around? But
then, if we be I ieved on I y wha t we think we see
t
we' d sti
丨
I insis t that the sun r i ses in the morning
and sets at night?
Mos t lightning fI ashes take pI ace ins i de a cIoud, and only a re I ative few can be seen jump i ng
betw een two c I ouds or between ear th and a c I oud. But, with abo ut 2, 000 t hunders torms t aking place above
the ear th every mi nu te of the day and nigh t, t here' s eno ugh act i v i ty to produce abo ut 100 I i ght n i
ng st r i kes on ear th every sec ond.
Parents can use thunder and I i ghtn i ng to he I p the i r ch i I dren I earn more about the worId
around them? When chi Idren understand that the Iight of the I ightning f I ash i ng reaches the i r eyes almost
at the same moment, but the sound of the thunder t akes abo ut 5 seconds to t rave I jus t one mile, t hey can
begin to time the int erva I betw een the f I ash and the crash to I ear n how close t hey were to the actual
spark.
4. What is TRUE about lightning according to the passage?
A. Only a smaI I number of I i ghtning fI ashes occur on earth.
B. L i ghtning trave Is 5 times faster than thunder?
C. Lightning flashes usuaI Iy jump from one cIoud to another.
D. There are far more Iightning str ikes occurr ing on earth than we can
imagi ne.
讲解答案：
4. A
是非题。由文章第三段第一句话可知，大多数闪电一般在石电发生时有，在 地面
和云之间跳 跃。因此
C
、
D
是错的。对于
B,
或许会受第四段中

seconds to travel just one mile
的影响，但事实并不相符，因 此选
A °
4.
推论题
Passage 1
New technology I inks the worId as never before. Our pIanet has shrunk? It' s now a “global village
where countries are on Iy seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ab i I ity to benefit
from t h i s high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhaneed by foreign Ianguage skills?
Deep I y i nvo I ved w i th th i s new techno I ogy i s a breed of modern bus i ness peop I e who have
a growing respect for the economic vaIue of doing business abroad? In modern markets, success overseas often he
Ips support domestic bus i ness efforts.
Overseas ass i gnments are becoming increas i ng Iy important to advancement with in execut i ve ranks.
The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being
v
He or she
can be sure that the overseas effort i s cen tral tot he company
?
s plan for success, and that prom oti ons o ften
fo
丨
low or accompany an assignment abroad? If an employee can succeed in a difficuIt ass ignment overseas,
super i ors wi I I have greater confidence in hi s or her ab i Iity to cope back in the United States where cross-
cuItural considerations and foreign Ianguage issues are becoming more and more preva Ient
（普遍白勺）.
Thanks to a var i ety of re I ativeIy inexpensive communications dev i ces with business appl ications,
even smaI I bus i nesses in the United States are able to get into internationaI markets.

En g I i sh i s still the in ter nati onal I anguage of bus i ness ? But t here i s an ever growing
need for peopIe who can speak another Ianguage? A second Ianguage isn， t genera Ily requ i red to get a job i n
bus iness, but hav i ng Ianguage skills gives a candidate the edge when other qua I ificat ions appear to be equaI
?
The emp I oyee posted abroad who speaks the country‘ s pr i ncipal I anguage has an opportunity to
fast- forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural i ns i ght to know whe n i t i s bet ter to move
more slo w I y. The emp I oyee at the home off i ce who can comm uni cate we I I with fore i g n c I ients over
the t e I epho ne or by fax mach i ne i s an obvious asset to the f i rm?
1. What i s the author ' satti tude to ward high-tech commun i cat i on s equipme nt?
A. CriticaI. B. Prejudiced.
C. I nd i fferent. D. Pos i t i ve.
2. With the i ncreased use of h i gh-tech commun i cations equ i pment, bus iness
peop I e _____ .
A. have to get famiI i ar with modern techno Iogy
B. are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operations
C. are attaching more importance to the i r overseas bus i ness
D. are eager to work overseas
3. Inthi s passage, “out of sight and out of mind” (Lines 3, Para. 3) probably means_?
A. be i ng unable to th i nk proper Iy for I ack of ins i ght
B. being totally out of touch with business at home
C. mi ss ing opportunities for promotion when abroad
D. leaving a I I care and worry behind
4 According to the passage , what i s an important cons ideration of international corporations in
empIoying people today?
A. Connections with businesses overseas?
B. Abi I ity to speak the die nt' s I anguage ?
C? Techn i ca I know-how.
D. Bus iness exper i enee.
5. The advantage of empIoyees having foreign Ianguage skills i s that they can_
A. better controI the whole negotiation process
B? eas i Iy f i nd new approaches to meet market needs
C. fast-forward the i r proposaIs to headquarters
D. easi Iy make fr iends with business people abroad
讲解答案：
1.D
从第一段第一句及第三句中
benefit, enhanced ,
第四段
thanks to, inexpensive
等褒文词语
的使用，作者对高科技通讯设备的积极态度显而易见。
2. C
由题干中关键词
high-techcommunicaI, Uon- equipment
和
business people
可知本题答案指向短文第
2
段，这一段的中心内容是海外业务发展的经济价值及对国内业务 的促进作用。

3. C
引述的短语内容在第三段，该短语本意是“眼不见，心不想”，但在这一特殊 的
上下文，由于现代高科技通讯设备，派驻海外的管理人员不会因国内公司老板看不到自己 而想
不到提拔自己。
4. B
结合短文主题，特别是第
6
段有要点，推知跨国公司在起用人员时，一个重要 的考
虑应当是除英语以外能否说公司所在国的语言。
5. A
本题答案涉及短文第六段要点归纳：
an opportunity to fast- forward certain nego tiati
ons, have the cu It ural insigh t to kno w whe n it i a be tter t o move more s lowly,
故选
Ao
Passage 2
In recent years, IsraeI i consumers have grown more demanding as they've become wealthier and more
worIdly-wi se. Foreign trave I i s a national pass i oni th i s summer alone,one in 10 citizens wi I I go abroad.
Exposed to higher standards of serv i ce eIsewhere, IsraeI i s are returning home expecting the same. Amer i can
firms have a I so begun arriving i n large numbers. Cha i ns such as KFC, McDona Id
,
s and Pi zza Hut are setting
a new st andard of cus to mer service, us i ng st r i c t emp I oyee tra i n i ng and constant mon itoring to
ensure the fr i end I iness of front line staff. Even the Amer i ca n hab i t of t e I I i ng depar ting cus to
mers to “Have a nice day
n
has caugh t on a I I over IsraeI, uNobody wakes up i n the morning and says,
n icer, says It s i k Cohe n, d i rec tor of a consu I ting f i rm. “Not h i ng happens without competit ion.
Pr i vatizationfor the threat of it, is a motivation as we I I. Monopoli es
（垄 断者）
tha t until
rece ntly have been free to take the i r cus to mers for gra rrted now fear what Mi chae I Perry, a market i ng
professor, calls the revengefu I
（扌艮
ft
白勺）
consumer t When the government opened up competit ion with
Bezaq
f
the phone company its international branch I ost 40% of its market share, even while offer i ng competitive
rates. Says Perry,
u
People wan ted revenge for a I I the years of bad service?” The elec trie compa ny whose
mono poly may be shor t- lived * has sudde nly stopped requi r i ng users to wait half a day for a repai rman?
Now, appointments are scheduled to the ha I f-hour ? The grace I ess ? 1 A1 Ai r I i nes, which i s a I ready a
t auc tion
（拍卖），
has retra i ned its empIoyees to emphas i ze service and i s boasting about the resuIts
in an ad campa i gn with the s I ogan “ You can fee I the cha nge i n the a i r ? ” For the f i rst time?pra i
se out numbers comp I a ints on customer survey sheets.
6. It may be inferred from the passage that_?
A? customer service i n IsraeI i s now improv i ng
B. weaI thy IsraeI i customers are hard to pI ease
C? the tour i st industry has brought cha i n stores to Israel
D. Israeli customers prefer foreign products to domestic ones
7. In the author ' s view, higher service standards are impossible in I sraeI_?
A. if customer comp I a i nts go unnoticed by the management
B. uni ess foreign companies are introduced i n greater numbers
C. if there' s no competit ion among compan i es
D. without str ict rout ine training of employees
8? I f some one i n I srae I to day needs a repa i rma n i n case of a power fa i I ure
t

一一?
A. they can have it fixed in no time
B. it, s no Ionger necessary to make an appointment
C. the appointment takes only half a day to make
D. they only have to wait half an hour at most
9. The examp Ie of El Al Ai rI i nes shows that
A. revengefuI customers are a threat to the monopoIy of enterpr i ses
B. an ad campa i gn a way out for enterpr i ses i I I f i nanc i a I f i ff i cti Ity

C? a good sIogan has great potential for improving service
D. staff retraining inessential for better service
10. Why did Bezaq
1
s international branch lose 40% m itfIriarket share?
A. Because
B.
Because
C.
Because
D.
Because
the rates it offered were not competitive enough? customers were d i ssatisfied with
its past service.
the service offered by its competitors was far better.
it no Ionger received any support from the government.
讲解答案:
6. A
由短文主题及第一段要点，尤其是第一段第三不难推岀答案为
A,
而本埋中选 項< br>B
、
C
、
D
干扰系数并不大，故本题虽推论题，但并不难。
7. C
由短文主
B
及第一段最后一句及第二段内容，可推知业务水平需要“竞争”而 消费
者申诉是否得到重视
A,
是否有大量外国公司进入国内市场
B,
和是 否对雇员进行严格 的常规训练
D,
相对而言不是作者要强调的要点。
8. D
本题涉及对短文第二段第五句的理解，应用于实际，即答案
D
。
9. D
本题涉及短文第二段最后关于
EIAI
航空公司的事例，本例说明的是员工再培
训对公司竞争力提高的重要性。
10. B
根据题干，答案出处应在第二段第二至第四句，这一层次涉及的要点是
“the
revengefuI consumer
5.
因果条件题
Passage 1
The rise of mult in at i onal corporations
(跨国公司)，
globa
丨?
marke ting，new communicat ions
techno
丨
ogies and shr i nking cultural d i fferences have Ied to an unparalleled i ncrease i n gIobaI public re
I ations or PR.
Surpr i s i ngly
F
s ince modern PR was large Iy an Amer i can invention, the U? I eadersh i p i n pub
I i c re I a t i ons i s being t hrea tened by PR effor ts i n ot her countr i es. Ten years ago, for example,
the worIds top five pub I ic relations agencies were Amer i can-owned. The Br i tish in particuI ar are becoming
more soph i sticated and crea tive. A recen t survey found that more than ha I f of a I I Br i tish companies i
nc I ude PR as par t pf the i r corpora te , p I ann i ng act i v i ties, compared to abo ut one-th i rd of U. S.
compan i es. It may not be Ion g, before London rep I aces New York as the cap i tai of PR.
Why i s Amer ica Iagging behind in the gIobaI PR rap Q?
F i rst, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly prov i nc i a I and take more of an interest in local
affai rs? Knowledge of worId geography, for example, has never bee n strong i n t h i s cou ntry. Seco nd I y
r

Amer i cans I ag beh i nd the i r European and As i an in knowing a second I anguage ? Less than 5 percen to f
Bur ton Marshall' s U. S. employees know two Ianguages? Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage? Converse
Iy, some European f i rms have ha I f or more of the i r emp I oyees f I uen t i n a seco nd I anguage, Fin ally,
people in vol ved i n PR abroad t end to keep a closer eye on int erna tional affa i rs. Int he financial PR area,
for in sta nee, mos t America ns read the Wai I St ree t
Journa I. Overseas, thei r coun terparts read the Jour nal as we I I as the Fina ncial Times of London and The
Economi st,publications not often read in thi s country.
Perhaps the PR industry might take a Iesson from Ted Turner of CNN (CabIe News Net work) : Turner rece ntly announ
ced that the word “foreign

be used on CNN news broadcas ts. Accord i ng to Turner, global comm uni cati ons have made the nati ons of the
wor Id so int erdependen t that t here i s no Ion ger any such t h i ng as foreign.
1. Accord i ng to the passage, U. S. leadership in pub Ii c re I ations i s be i ng
threatened because
A.
an unpara I IeIed i ncrease i n the number shr inking of pub I ic relations companies
B.
cultural differences and new the decreasing number of
communicat ions techno Iogies abjurations
C.
multinational
in the U.S.
D.
increased efforts London
of other countries i n pub I ic re I ations rep I ace New York
2.
could soon British
A.
British
B.
c.
British
D.
Four of

as the center of PR because are more ambitious than U.S.
companies
pI ace more importance on PR than
U. S. companies
are heaviIy involved in pIanning
activities are Br i
tish-owned
companies
companies
companies
the world
,
s top pub I ic relations agencies
讲解答案:
1. D
依据文章第二段第一行和第二行….
the U. S. leadership in pub I ic re I at i ons i s be
2. B
依据是文章第二段第四行开始
A recent survey found that more than half
i ng threatened by PR efforts i n other countr i es
?可以判定
D
为正确 选项。
of a I I Br i t i sh compan ies i nc I uded PR as par t of the i r corpora te p I ann i ng act i v i ties,
compared to about one~thi rd of U. S? companies.
可以判定
B
正确。
passage 2
Dogs are soc i a I animals and without proper tra i n i ng, they wi I I behave I i ke
wild animals? They wi I I soi I your house, destroy your belongings, bark excess i veIy,?fight other dogs and
eve n bite you ? Nearly al I behav i or prob Iems are perfect I y n orma I dog act i v i ties that occur at the
wrong t i me or pl ace or are d i rec ted at the wrong thing. The key to preve rrting or t rea ting behav i or
prob I ems i s I ear ning to t each the dog to red i rec t its n ormal behav i or to outlets that are accep table
in the domestic setting.
One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourseIf is to obedienee t ra i n （9
川月艮）
it.
Obedienee training doesn't so Ive a I I behav i or prob Iems, but it i s the foundation for so Iv ing just about
any problem- Tra ining opens up a Ii ne of communication between you and your dog. Effective communi cat ion i s
necessary to instruet 'your dog about what you want it to do.
Tra ining i s a I so an easy way to establ i sh the social rank order. When your dog obeys a simple
request of ，” it is shooting obedienee and respect for you. It is not necessary to estabI i sh
yourseIf as top dog or leader of the dog pack
（群）
by using extreme measures? You can teach your dog its
subordinate
（从属 白勺
）role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs love performing tr icks for
you to pleasantly accept that you are i n charge?
Training shouId be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It enr ich your re I ationship and make Ii
v ing together more enjoyabIe A we I I
一
tra i ned dog i s more conf i den t and can more safe I y be a I I owed
a grea ter amo unt of freedom than an unt ra i ned animal.
3. Why do pet dogs Iove performing tr icks for thei r masters?
A? To avoid bei ng puni shed,
B. To show thei r affection for thei r masters.
C? To win leadership of the dog pack-
D. To show thei r willingness; to obey

讲解答案：
D
本题问“为什么宠物狗喜欢为主人表演技能？ ”根据第三段中
Training i s a I so an easy
way to estab I ish the soc i a I rank order ?.? You can t each your dog its subord in ate ro I e by t each ing
it to show submi ss ion to you. Mos t dogs I ove perform ing tr i cks for you to p I easant I y accept that you
are i n charge.
（训练也是建立社会等级 的方法。你可以通过教狗表示服从你，来教它扮演从属的
角色。大多数的狗都喜欢为你表 演技能以此来表示乐意接受你的主宰地位。）所以被驯服的宠物
狗喜欢为人表演技能的原因 是
to show their wi I I ingness to obey
。所以
D
是正确答案。
Passage 3
There i s Ho deny i ng that students shou I d I earn someth i ng about how computers work, just as we
expect t hem at leas t to un ders tand t hat the in ter na I-combust i on en gine
（内燃机）
has some thing to
do with bur ning fue I, expand i ng gases and p i
伽
ns
（活塞）
being dr i ven. For people should have some
basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do. Further. students mi ght be he I ped by a course that
cons iders the computer s impact on society. But that is not what is meant by computer I iteracy. For computer I
iteracy is not a form of I iteracy
（读写能力）;
it is a trade ski I I that shouId not be taught as a Ii beraI
art.
Learn i ng how to use a computer and I earn i ng how to program one are two d i stinct activities. A
case mi ght be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow shouId free themseIves from the i r fear of computers
? But th i s is quite d i fferent from saying t hat a I I ought to know how to program one. Leave t hat to,
people who have chosen programmi ng as a career. While programming can be lots of fun, and while our soc i ety
needs some peop I e who are experts at it, the same i s true of auto repa i r and viol in-making.
Learning how to use a computer is not that difficuIt, and it gets easier a I I the time as programs
become more friendly” ? Let us assume t hat i n the future everyone i s going to have to know how to use a
computer to be a competent citi zen. Wha t does the phrase “I ear ning to use a compu ter” mean? It sounds I i
ke I ear ning to dr i ve a car
F
that is, it sounds as i f t here i s some set of def ini te skills that,once
acqui red,enable one to use a computer.
In fact, —. learn ing to use a computer”
T
i s much more Ii ke
the ru I es of one game may not he I p you play a seco nd game, whose rules may not be the same ? There i s no
such a t hi ng as t each i ng someone how to use a computer. One can on Iy teach peop Ie to use thi s or that
program and genera I Iy that is easi ly accompIished?
4. To be the competent citizens of tomorrow, peopIe should ?
A. try to lay a solid foundation in computer scienee
B. be aware of how the things that they use do what they do
C? learn to use a computer by acqui r ing a certain set of skills
D. understand that programming a computer i s more essential than repai r ing a car
讲解答案：
c
何要能成为未来称职的公民，人们应怎样做。根据文章第二段的意思，学习使用 计算
机和学习用计算机编程是两回事，明确指出未来称职的公民不该对计算机有恐惧感，只 要学会如
何使用计算机就可以了，因此选
C
。
Passage 4
Sport is not only phys i caI Iy chaI Ienging. but it can a I so be mentally chaI Ienging- criticaI
coaches, parents, and other teammates, as we I I as pressure to win can create an excessive anxiety or stress for
young
运动员
Stress can be physicaI? emotiona I? or psycho Iogy.
research has indicated that it can Iead to burnout. Burnout has been descr ibed as dropping or） ar i
act ivi ty that was at one time en joyable.

The ear I y years of deve I opment are cr i t i ca I years for I earn i ng about onese I f? The SP
one where valuable exper iences can t ake pI ace? Young athletes can, for example? I ear n how to coo. with ot
hers, make f r i ends, and ga i n ot her soc i a I skills that wi I I be used throughout thei r I i ves? Coaches
and parents should be aware, at a I I times
T
that thei r feedback to youngsters can greatly affect chi Idren.
Youngsters may take thei r parents‘ and coaches' cr i ticisms to heart and f ind a flair
（缺陷）
themselves.
Coaches and parents shouId a I so be cautious that youth sport partic i pation does not become work
for ch i Idren. The outcome of the game shouId not be more impor tant than the process of I earn i ng the spor t
and other I i fe I essons ? In to day
who wi I I w in inst ead of enjoying themselves and the sport? Fol lowing a game many parerrts and coaches focus
on the out come and f i nd fau 11 with youngst ers, performances ? Pos i tive re i nforcemen t shouId be prov i
ded regard I ess of the outcome? Research i nd i cates that pos i tive re i nforcement mot i vates and has a
greater effect on I earn i ng than cr i t i c i sm? Aga i n, cr i ticism can crea te high I eve I s of st ress,
wh i ch can lead to bur nout.
4. According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that_?
A. it can he Ip them I earn more about society
B? it teaches them how to set reaI i stic goaIs for themselves
C. it enables them to find flaws in themselves
D. it can provide them with valuable exper iences
讲解答案：
D
文 中第二段中：
The ear I y years of deve Iopment are cr i tical years for I earning about oneseIf.
The sport setting i s one where vaIuabIe exper i ences take place. Young athletes can learn how to...
（发育 早
期是了解自己的最关键的几年，运 动场是一个获得有价值的经历的地方，青少年运动员可以学
到……）所以运动对青少年的积 极影响在于 它能向他们提供有价值的经历。
D
项全面的解释总结
了这句话，最合适。注意： 不要受
A
项的干扰，
A
项说，运动可以帮助他们更多地了解社会。原文
没有提到这一点，只 是提到，在运动中可以“获得一生受用的其他社会技能”
（..? and gain other
social skills that wi I I be used through their I ives） □
因此
A
项不是正确答案，
D
才是正确的。
Passage 5
In 1993 , New York State ordered st ores to charge a depos i t on
（饮 米斗）
containers? Within
a year, consumers had returned mi I I ions of aluminium cans and glass and pI astic bot11es? Pienty of companies
were eager to accept the a Iuminum and glass as raw materials for new products,but because few couId f igure out
what to do with the plastic, much of it would be bur ied in land fills
（垃圾填埋场）.
The prob Iem was not
limited to New York. UnfortunateIy
t
there were too few uses for second-hand pI astic.
Today, one out of five p I as tic soda bottles i s recyc I ed
（回收利用）
in the United States.
The reaso n for the cha nge i s t hat now t here are doze ns of compan i es across the country buy i ng d i scarded
p I ast i c soda bott I es and turn i ng them i nto fence posts,pai nt brushes, etc.
As the New York exper i ence shows, recycIi ng i nvoIves more than simply separating valuable materials
from the rest of the rubbish. A d i scard rema ins a d i scard unti
丨
somebody f i gures out how t o give it a
sec ond I i fe and until eco no mic arrangements exist to give that second I ife vaIue? Without adequate markets
to absorb materials col Iected for recycling, throwaway actuaI Iy depress pr i ces for used mater i a Is?
Shr i nking landf i I I space, and rising cos ts for bury ing and burning rubb i sh are fore ing I oca
I governments to look more cIoseIy at recycIi ng. In many areas
金
the East Coast espec ialIy, recycIing i s a I
ready the I east expens i ve waste-management option.
For every ton of waste recycIed
t
a city avoids pay ing for its di sposaI
f
wh i ch
T
i n parts of New

York, amounts to sav i ngs of more than 100 per ton. Recyc I i ng a I so stimulates the I oca I economy by
creating jobs and tr ims the poI Iut i on controI and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by
giving them a more ref i ned raw mater i a I.
5. The key prob I em in dea I i ng w ith returned plas tic beverage con tain ers i s ?
A. to se I I t hem at a pro fit ab I e pr ice
B? how to turn them into useful things
C. how to reduce the i r recycIi ng costs
D. to lower the pr ices for used materials
讲解答案：
B
其根据是第一段最后一句：
The prob I em was not I imited to New York. Unfortunate I y, there
were too few uses for second-hand plastic.
（这个问题不仅仅限 于纽约州。不幸地是，旧塑料的用途
太少了。）第二段讲，现在全美五分之一的塑料瓶已回 收利用，这种变化是因为有十几家公司
收购塑料瓶，用它制成栅栏的立柱、油漆刷子等。所 以
B
项是正确答案。
passage 6
Some pessimistic experts fee I that the automobi le i s bound to fa I I into d i suse. They see a day
i n the not-too-d i stant future when a I I autos wi I I b6 abandoned and a I I owed to rust? Other author i t i
es, however, th i nk the auto i s here to stay. They hold that the car wi I I rema in a I ead i ng means of urba
n t rave I i n the foreseeab I e fut ure.
The motorcar wi I I undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaI I
er, safer, and more economica I, and should not be powered by the gasol ine engine. The car of the future shouId
be far more poI lution-free than present types?
Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the ma i n prob Iem in urban traff
i c congestion
（拥挤）？
One proposed solution to t h i s prob Iem i s the automated h i ghway system.
When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable
（可伸缩白勺
）arm wi I I drop from the auto
and make con tact wit ha rail, which is similar to t hose power i ng subway trains electrically. Once attached to
the rail, the car wi I I become eIectrically powered from the system. and controI of the vehicIe wi I I pass to a
centra I computer. The computer wi I I then monitor a I I of the car* s movements.
The dr i ver wi I I use a tel ephone to dial i nstruetions about h i s destination into the system.
The computer wi I I caleu I ate the best route
t
and reserve space for the car a I I the way to the correct ex i t
from the h i ghway. The dr i ver wi I I then be free to re I ax and wa i t for the buzzer
（蜂卩鸟器）
that wi
I I war n him of hi s com ing ex i t, ft is estimated that an automated highway wi I I be able to handle 10,000
vehicles per hour, compared with the X
f
500 to 2 ,000 vehicles that can be carr ied by a present-day h i ghway.
6. In an automated highway system, a I I the dr iver needs to do i s_?
A. keep in the r ight lane
B. wa i t to arrive at h i s destination
C. keep i ng constant touch wit^i the computer center
D? inform the system of h i s destination by phone
讲解答案：
D
根据文章最后一段的内容：司机用电话把他的目的地告诉系统仃
he driver will use a t e
I epho ne to dial i ns true ti ons abo ut h i s des ti nation into the sys tem）,
计 算机就会计算岀最佳的
路线，
D
项是正确的。

6.
句子示意题
Where do pes ti c i des
（杀虫剂）
fit into the pic ture of en vi ro nmen tai d i sease? We have seen
that they now pol lute soil, water and food, that they have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens
and wood Iands si lent and bi rdless. Man
T
however much he may I i ke to pretend the contrary, i s a part of nature
? Can he escape a pollution that i s now so thoroughIy distributed throughout our worId?
We k now that eve n s i ng I e exposures tot hese chemi ca I s, if the am ount is I arge enough. can
cause extremeIy severe po i son i ng. But th i s i s not the major prob Iem. The sudden illness or death of
farmers , farm-workers, and others exposed to suff icien t quan tities of pes ti ci des i s very sad and should
not occur ? For the populat ion as a whole, we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing smaI
I amounts of the pesticides that invisibly poI lute our worId.
I Responsible pub I ic heaI th offi c i a Is have po i nted out that the biological effec ts of chemi
ca I s are accumu I a tive
（累积
）over long per i ods of time, a nd that the

dan ger to the i nd i vidua I may depe nd on the sum of the exposures rece i ved t hrougho ut h i s I i fe time.
For t hese very reasons the danger i s easi ly ign ored ? It is human nat ure to shake off what may seem to us a
threat of future d i saster.
u
Men are natural ly most impressed by d i seases wh i ch have obv i ous s i gns,,,
says a wi se phys i c i an?Dr.
Rene Dubos,
1. Which of the fol lowing i s closest in meaning to the sentence

i s part of nature
“Man.?
(Para. 1, Line 4)?
A. Man appears i nd ifferent to what happens i n nature.
B. Man acts as if he does not belong to nature.
C. Man can avoid tie effects of envi ronmental pollution.
D. Man can escape h i s responsibi lities for env i ronmental protection.
讲解答案：
B
句子理解题。
u
Man (however much he may I i ke to pre tend the cont rary, i s a
part of nature.
”意为不管人们怎样装作自己是自然以外之物,但他终究是自然的一部分。 文中
“contr ary”
本意为“相反的事物”，这里与自然相对指自然以外之物，因此
B
为正确 选项。
For an i ncreas ing number of students at Amer i can uni vers i ties, old i s suddenly in. The reason is
obvious： the gray ing of Amer ica means jobs? Coupled withthe aging of the baby^boom
(生育髙峰)
generation,
a longer I ife span means that the nation' s eIderIy population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50
years. By 2050, 25 percent of al I Amer icans wi I I be older than 65, up from 14 percent in 1995? The change
poses profound questions for government and society?of course? But it a I so creates career opportun ities i n
med i c i ne and heaI th profess i ons>and in law and bus in ess as we I I. In add i tion to the doc tors, we,
re go i ng to need more soc iologi sts, b i oIogi sts, urban p Ianners and speci a I i zed Iawyers? ” says
Professor Edward Schneider of the University of Southern Cal ifornia* s (USG) School of Geronto I ogy
(老年学).
Lawyers can spec i a I i ze i n tates to
nursing-home abuse and age d i scr imination
(歧视)？
Bus i nessmen see huge opportun ities i n the eIder
market because the baby boomers, 74 mi I I ion I i keIy to be the weaI thiest group of retirees in
human h i story.
wi I I have a I icense to pr int money. ” one professor say.
Margar ite Santos i s a 21-year-old senior at USC. She began col lege as a bioIogy major but found she
was “real Iy bored with bacter ia” ? So she took a class in gero nto logy and d i scovered that she I i ked it.
She says, “I did volunteer work in reti rement homes and it was very satisfying
? J


1
Para? 1) most probabIy means __________________________
A. Amer ica has suddenly become a nat ion of old people
B. gerontology has suddenly become popular
C. more elderly professors are found on Amer ican campuses
D. Amer ican col Ieges have reaIized the need of enroI I ing older students
讲解答案：
B
根据第一段第二句：
The reason is obvious： the graying of Amer ica means jobs.
（原因很明显：
美国的老 龄化提供了许多工作岗位。以及第三段最后：
Any student who comb i nes an exper t
know I edge i n gero nto I ogy w i th, say, an MBA or I aw degree wi I I have a I icense to print
money.
（任何一个有老年学专业知识的学生再加上工商管理学硕士或法 学学位，就有了
印钞票的执照。）可见学习老年学的就业优势，所以这句话的意思是“老年 学突然火起
来”。故
B
项是正确的。

7
、年代数字题
Passage
The high point in rail road bui Id ing came w i th the construct i on of the f i rst t ran scon t i
nenta I sys tem. I n 1862 Con gress author i zed two wes tern ra i I road compa n i es to build Iines from Nebraska
westward and from CaI ifornia eastward to a meeting point，so as to comp I e te a tra nscont i nerrta I cross ing
I inking the At Ian tic seaboard w i th the Pac if ic ? The Gover nmen t he I ped the ra i I roads gen erous I y
w i th money and I and ? Actual work on this project began four years later. The CentraI Pacific Company, start
i ng from Ca I i forn i a, used Ch i nese I abor, while the Un ion Pac i f i c emp I oyed crews of Irish labourers
? The two groups worked at remarkable speed, each trying to cover a greater di stance than the other? In 1869
they met at a place cal led Promontory in what is now the state of Utah. Many visitors came there for the great
occasion. There were joyous celebrations a I I over the country
f
with parades and the ringing of church bells to
honor the great ach i evement.
The construetion of the transcontinentaI ra i I road took_?
A. 9 years B. 7 years C. 4 years D. 3 years
讲解答案：
D这是一道有关年代考点的细节题。根据文章：美国国会
1862
年授权两家铁路公 司建设
横贯美国东西两岸的铁路，实际修建时间为
1866
年（国会授权后
4
年开始修建），于
1869
年在犹
他州的
Promontory
相会。因此是
3years,
那么
D
为正确答案。一些考生由于不 细心，未 看淸实际施工
的时间应为
1866
年，而将其误为
1862
年，所以 错选了
B
。