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英语语法入门 2009年成人本科学位英语串讲讲义(二)
2009年成人本科学位英语串讲讲义(一)英语语法 2009-03-19 09:03:43
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字号:大中小 订阅 成人
英语三级串讲讲义
赵文通
一、时态和语态
1.
如何解答时态问题
例1:You’ve already missed too many
classes this term. You ______
just last
week.
A. missed
B. would miss C. had missed D. have
missed
例2:Anne asked Tom ______ the key.
A. when he left B. where he had
left C. how he left D.
why did
he left
考试重点:
2. 与完成时有关的时态
★现在完成时 (have done) since, for in the past few
months, up to now
例1:Collecting toy cars as
a hobby becomes increasingly popular during the
past
fifty years.
A
B C D
例2:English
______ in a new way at my college
in the past few years.
A. has been taught
B. was being taught
C. has been taught
D. had been taught.
★过去完成时 (had done)
例3:Anne asked Tom ______ the key.
A. when
he left B. where he had left C.
how he left D.
why did he left
例4:The chemistry class_____ for five minutes
when we hurried there.
A. had been on
B. had begun C. has been on
D. would began
★将来完成时 (will have
done) by
例5:We’re late I expect the
film_____ by the time we get to the cinema.
A. had already started B. have
already
C. will already have started
D. have already been started.
★现在完成进行时
(have been doing)
例6:It seems oil ___________
from this pipe for some time. We'll have to take
the
machine apart to put it right.
A. had
leaked B. is leaking C. leaked
D. has been
leaking
★过去完成进行时 (had been
doing)
★ 将来完成进行时(will have been
doing )
例7:By the time you arrive this
evening, _______for two hours.
A. I will
study B. I will have been studied
C. I had studied
D. I will have been studying.
3.
在时间和条件状语从句中不用将来时态
▲用一般现在时代替一般将来时
例1:When
the mixture_____, it will give off a powerful
force.
A. will heat B. will be
heated C. is heated D.
has heated
例2:please be sure to
telephone me the next time you ______.
A.
will come B. would come C.
shall come D. come
▲用现在完成时代替将来完成时
例3:Smith is to study medicine as soon as
he_______ military service.
A. will finish
B. has finished C. finish D.
would
finish
注意:
例4:No one can be
sure if the car on display fits him or her until
he or
she______ them.
A. tries
B. will try C. are trying D.
have
tried
4. 考试小窍门
◆考试中如果遇到与完成时态相关的选项,要重点加以研读,一般说来是正确答案。
二、情态动词
1. 几个情态动词的否定式的含义
can’t
may not
mustn’t
need’t
2. 表示推测的几个情态动词用法
★must表示肯定的推测,意思是“一定”
+do 对现在情况的推测
must
+have
done 对过去情况的推测
例1:I ________ asleep
in the corner, for I remember nothing of what
happened
during the night.
A. might fall
B. must fall C. must have fallen
D.
can have fallen
★
can’tcould’t表示否定的推测,意思是“不可能”
+do 对现在情况的推测
can’tcouldn’t
+have done 对过去情况的推测
★
maymight not表示可能性很小的推测,意思是“也许…”
+do 对现在情况的推测
maymight
+have done 对过去情况的推测
3. 情态动词的完成时虚拟语气的用法
needn’t have done
should have done
should not have done
ought to have done
could have done
4. 考试小窍门
在遇到情态动
词加完成时和情态动词加原形同时出现的情况下,一般说来情态动词加完成时
是正确答案。
×
Must do
√ Must have done
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