外研版英语高二必修五重要的知识点梳理

高二必修五知识点梳理
Module 1 British and American English
重点词汇：
accent , obvious, queue, confusing, compare, variety, remark, variation
steadily, switch, satellite, structure,
重点短语
1. have in common有共同点
2. make a difference有影响；使不同
3. get around四处走走
4. compare withto和……比较
5. differ from与……不同
6. be similar to与…..不同
7. have difficulty in doing sth.做某事有困难
8. lead to导致
9. have sth. in common(与某人)兴趣、想法相同
长难句解析
1. This non-stop communication，the experts think，has made it easier for
British people and Americans to understand each other.
专家认为，这种不间断的交流使英美人之间的相互理解变得更容易。
当不定式、动名词或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时(如
make，find，see，hear 等)，为保持句子平衡，常用 it作形式宾语，
而将真正的宾语放在句尾。其结构为：主语＋谓语动词＋ it ＋形容
词名词代词＋不定式动名词从句。it 后面的形容词或名词作宾补。

2. When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark
that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common
language, he was obviously thinking about the differences.
当著名的爱尔兰作家萧伯纳说出“英国和美国是被一种常见的语言分
割开来的两个国家”一番话时，很明显他考虑了两者之间的差异。
that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common
language 是同位语从句，用来说明前面的名词 remark 的内容。
语法通关
一、一般现在时
1．表示现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态，常与 usually，
always ，sometimes，often，frequently，every dayweekyearmorning...on
Sunday等时间状语连用。
二、现在进行时
1．表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。
2．表示说话人现在对主语的行为表赞叹或厌恶等
3. 表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。(说话时动
作不一定正在进行)
三、现在完成时
1．表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
2．表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。可以和表示从过
去某一时刻延续到现在(包括“现 在”在内)的一段时间的状语连用
四、一般将来时

表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与 soon，tomorrow(morning...)，
next weekyear...，some day，from now on，the day after tomorrow，in
(the) future 等表示将来的时间状语连用。
Module 2 A Job Worth Doing
重点词汇：
satisfying, stressful, volunteer, respect, direct, encounter, profound,
qualified
重点短语
1. in particular尤其；特别
2. on average平均
3. come off掉离；脱离
4. in theory理论上；从理论上讲
5. in practice实际上
6. have an effect on对……产生影响
7. take up从事；占据（时间、空间）
8. pass by路过；经过
9. take for granted认为……理所当然
长难句解析
1. Every morning he climbs up to the bend with a large circular board in
his hand.
每天早晨，他手里都拿着一个大圆板爬上弯道。
此句中的with a large circular board in his hand 是with 复合结构的一
种形式：

with＋宾语＋介词短语， 在句中作状语，表状态。除介词短语作宾补
外，还可以用形容词，副词，过去分词，现在分词，动词不定 式。
2. He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a
bend and fell three hundred meters down the mountain.
当他正开着装满香蕉的卡车要驶过一个弯道的时候，他连人带车翻到
了300 多米深的山崖下。
本句中的when为并列连词，表示就在那时的意思，相当于and at that
time , be doing...when...的意思为“正在……这时……”。
3. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying Chinese
in the school，most of whom were from Germany.
他们告诉我这所学校里有50名外国学生学习汉语，大多数来自德国。
本句中some of which引导的是非限制性定语从句，是介词＋“关系
代词”结构，表示“人”，关系代词用whom ，表示“物”，关系代词
用which。在这种情况下，不能使用人称代词。
语法通关
一般过去时
1．表示在确定的过去时间内发生的动作或状态。
2．表示过去经常发生的动作或习惯性动作
3．描述几个相继发生的过去动作
4． 有时动词的一般过去时形式上为过去，而实际上却指现在，即“原
来想的”与现在的实际情况不相符。
过去进行时

1．表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
2．表示过去一段时间内正在进行的动作。
3．表示从过去某一时间的角度看将要发生的
4．表示礼貌，并不表示过去的时间，而表达现在的客气或礼貌。
三、过去完成时
1．表示在过去某一具体时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，常用 by，
before 等介词短语或状语从句表示。
2．表示过去某一时间以前的经历，常与 for，since 引导的表示过去
的时间状语连用。
Module 3 Adventure in Literature and the Cinema
重点词汇：
Biography, fantasy, account, companion, lie, panic, curious,

tie, fright
terrified, adventure, thriller, horror
重点短语
1. have no connection与…..无关
2. run away逃跑
3. ahead of在…..前面；提前
4. pour down倾盆而下
5. to one’s surprise使某人惊奇的是
6. be curious about对……感到好奇
7. have enough of听够、看够、吃够、受够
8. die of fright惊吓而死

9. run into偶然遇到
10. in a panic惊恐的
长难句解析
1. But I persuaded him to help me，and we found the men’s boat tied
to the other side of the steamboat.
但我还是说服他帮我，我们发现那两人的船就紧贴在汽艇的另一边。
本句中的tied to the other side of the steamboat为过去分词短语作宾语
补足语，和宾语the men’s boat之间存在逻辑动宾关系。
动词不定式、v.-ing形式和过去分词都可以用作宾语补足语。
2. He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only to find
that there were no boats for South America.
他身无分文地到达新奥尔良时，却发现那里没有开往南美洲的船了。
本句中的only to find that there were no boats for South America为动词
不定式短语作结果状语。表示“意外的，意想不到的”的结果，而
v.-ing作状语，表示“ 自然而然”的结果。不定式常用作目的状语，
相当于in order to do 形式的用法。
语法通关
一、非谓语动词
非谓语动词是动词的非谓语形式。它们不能在句中充当 谓语，可充
当其他语法功能，可以起名词、形容词或副词的作用，在句子中充当
主语、宾语、表 语、定语、补语和状语。
1. 非谓语动词作主语
2. 非谓语动词作表语

3. 非谓语动词作宾语
4. 非谓语动词作宾语补足语、主语补足语
5. 非谓语动词作定语
6. 非谓语动词作状语
Module 4 Carnival
重点词汇：
confusion, extend, revive, elegant, magic, memory, pretend, wander
calendar, atmosphere, abolish
重点短语
1. come to an end完结
2. dress up装扮；化妆
3. have fun玩的愉快
4. on end连续的
5. date back to追溯到
6. in secret秘密的
7. in memory of为了纪念…..
8. pass on传递
9. come off脱落
长难句解析
1. As time goes on，it’s getting warmer and warmer.
随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖和了。
句中a s引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”的意思，表示主句和从句
的谓语动词的动作同时发生。

该状语从句也可以用with time passing替换。
2. ...they painted their faces white，imitating their masters and making fun
of them.
……他们把脸涂白，模仿他们的主人来取笑他们。
本句中imitating their masters and making fun of them为v.?ing形式做
伴随状语。伴随状语的动作一般和谓语动词的动作同时发生。
语法通关
英语的及物动词有两种语态
主动语态和被动语态。主动语态中主语是谓 语动词的执行者；被动
语态中主语是谓语动词的承受者。被动语态由助动词be＋动词的过
去分 词构成。助动词be随主语有人称、数和时态变化。
Module 5 The Great Sports Personality
重点词汇：
athletics, bat, track, trainer, retire, perform, brand, advantage, designer
gymnast
重点短语
1. do athletics做田径运动
2. as well as(除……之外)又
3. make a list of列……清单
4. be determined to do下定决心做某事
5. come onto the market(商品)上市，商品开始出售
6. on the increase正在增加

7. have an advantage over比……有优势
8. every ten seconds每十秒钟
9. make money赚钱
10. achieve an ambition实现志愿
长难句解析
1. But even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his
sport，Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed.
但即使是他已经赢得了在自己运动项目上所能赢得的一切，李宁还是
带着一种失败的感觉退了役。
even thougheven if可以引导让步状语从句，意为“ 纵使；即使……
也”，可以放在句首，也可以放在句中或句末。引导的状语从句中，
用一般现在 时表示将来。
2. But it was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed in
his new life.
但就是这种失败感使他决心在他的新的生活中取得成功。
本句为强调句型，是对主语this sense of failure的强调。其常见句式
为：it iswas＋被强调部分＋thatwho＋其余部分。
3. Whenever Chinese athletes step out onto the track during the 2008
Olympics，they will be wearing Li Ning tracksuits.
2008年奥运会时，中国运动员将身穿李宁牌运动服步入奥运会会场。
whenever用来引导让步状语从句。表示“无论何时”的意思，
相当于no matter when。whenever还可以表示“……的时候；每次”
和“究竟何时”的意思。 when用来引导时间状语从句，表示“当……

时候”或引导定语从句，在从 句中作时间状语。而whenever“无论何
时”引导的是让步状语从句。
语法通关
状语从句
一、 时间状语从句
二、条件状语从句
三、让步状语从句
四、地点状语从句
五、原因状语从句
六、结果状语从句
七、目的状语从句
八、 方式状语从句
九、比较状语从句
Module 6 Animals in Danger
重点词汇：
endanger, reserve, habitat, extinct,
confiscate, condition
重点短语
1. thanks to由于；幸亏
2. according to根据
3. give one’s life to为……献身
4. on the spot在现场
struggle, protect, worth, ideal,

5. come into fashion开始流行起来
6. raid on a ship突击搜查一家商
7. get tough with对……采取强硬措施
8. on condition that在……条件下
9. be worth doing值得做某事
10. in the meanwhile同时
长难句解析
1. Although surprised，the poachers had an advantage－there were more
of them.
尽管偷猎者们很吃惊，但他们占有优势——他们人多。
although surprised
是状语从句
although they were surprised
的省略形式。
2. International co- operation seems to be working.
国际合作似乎正在进行。
本句话为seem跟动词不定式形式作宾语，在使用时，要注意动词不
定式的时态。
一般式to do (一般动作，和谓语同时发生)；进行式to be doing (谓语
发生时该动作正在进行)；完成式to have done (发生在谓语动作之前)。
3. The WWF believes that our world has a future only if people learn to
conserve nature and not waste energy.
世界自然保护基金组织认为，唯有人们学会保护自然、不浪费能源，
我们的世界才会有未来。
only if引导条件状语从句，表示“只有在……条件之下”的意思。
当该状语从句位于句首时，主句使用主谓倒装句式。

语法通关
一、 关系代词引导的定语从句
1. 只用that不用which的情况
2. whose引导定语从句，可指代人也可指代物，其在定语从句中作
定语。指物时，可与of which互换，指人时，可与of whom互换。
3. as引导定语从句的用法
二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1. 当介词放在关系代词的前面时，介词宾语只用which或whom，
不关系代词不能省略
2. 当介词位于定语从句的末尾时，可用thatwhich(指物)，
thatwhomwho(指 人)作介词的宾语，而且作介词宾语的关系代
词往往省略。
3. 复合介词短语＋关系代 词which”引导的定语从句，这种结构引
导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开，定语从句常用倒装语 序。
三、关系副词引导的定语从句
1．where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
2．when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
3. why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
四、用关系代词还是关系副词
正确选用关系词的依据：①弄清关系词在从句中充当的句子成分；
②辨别先行词表示的是人、物、时间、地点还是原因等；③判断从
句是限制性的还是非限制性的。

赠送以下资料

英语万能作文(模板型）
Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are
brought to our attention, one of which is that....
随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是
____________。
As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take
different attitudes.
然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes
持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法)
As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....
随着社会的发展，人们开始关注............
People are attaching more and more importance to the interview
during job hunting
求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。
As to whether it is worthwhile ....., there is a long-running
controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different
backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.
关于是否值得______ _____的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，
不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。
In the process of modern urban development, we often find
ourselves in a dilemma.
在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。

Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people
are in alarm that....
最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心
______________。
The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history,
with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization,
more problems are brought to our attention.
人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度
不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。
...... plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the
biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, is it a
blessing or a curse?
_______显得非常重要而成为当今世界 所关注的最大的问题，这
是无可厚非的。不过，问题是：我们该如何抉择?
Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges,
现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。
People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations
on the same case.
不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People
from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.
这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题

的看法也不尽相同。
When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...
说到______，有人认为________，而另一些人则认为__________。
Just as the saying goes:
understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.
俗话说，。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.
对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。
There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without
saying that...
万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，____________。
When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but other people
regard ...as ....
提到_______ __问题，很多人认为_________，不过，一些人则认
为______是____.
When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., but other
people think as...
提到___ ______问题，仅少数人认为________，但另一些人则认
为_________。
There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of .... There
who criticize ...argue that ...., they believe that ...,but people who favor ..,
on the other hand, argue that...

目前，____问题争议较大。批判_____的人认为_____，他 们认为
_____，不过，另一方面，赞同_____的人则认为_______。
Some people are of the opinion that.. 有些人认为_________。
Many people claim that... 很多人认为_________。
A majority of 绝大多数
A large number of 很多人
Some people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages
(disadvantages)
有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处)。
Those who argue for ... say that ...economic development of the
cities.
觉得_____的人认为，______ 城市的经济发展。
Some people advocate that ....
有些人在坚持认为_________。
They hold that ... 他们认为_________。
People, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons (grounds)
坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据)。
Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise
of it. 那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。
Those who strongly approve of ... have cogent reasons for it.
强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。
Many people would claim that... 有人会认为___________。

People who support ... give some or all of the following reasons.
那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因：________。
But others hold the view that ...但是，另外一些人则认为_______。
观点的用词：Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take,
have, come up with，set forth, put forward等。
But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly
advocate that..,.
不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。
But people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that...
不过，另一方面，________的人认为__________。
However, there are a large number of people who hold a different
view concerning this case.
然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。
问题用词：Issue, phenomenon，后接介词, on, over等。
However, some others argue that... 然而，另一些人则认为____。
However, there are also some others who contend that...
然而，也有人认为__________。
But other people set forth completely totally different argument
concerning this case.
不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。
Some people examine this issue from another angle.
有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。

On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly ...
另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_____________。
According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ... rather
than...
根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择_______而不会选择__________。
Personally, I side with the latter (former) opinion...
就我个人而言，我支持后者(前者)___________。
Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.
就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。
To my point of view 我认为
To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the
drawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings)
我认为，优点胜过缺点。
For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..
就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点________________。
As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter
view.
在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。
After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the
latter view that...
经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即___________。
If asked to make a decision, I would prefer...

如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿____________。

展现问题篇

问题的常用词：question, problem, issue
Recently, the issue of ...... has been brought into public focus.
近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。
Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and
innovations, and great changes have taken place in people’s attitude
towards some traditional practice.
现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些
传统的看法也发生了很大改变。
Recently the issue of whether or not ... has been in the limelight and
has aroused wide concern in the public.
近来，是否____的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关
注。
The issue whether it is good or not to .... has aroused a heated
discussion all over the country.
______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。
At present, some people think ....while others claim ...Both sides
have their merits.
目前，一些人认为_____而另一些人则认为_____。其实，两种观
点都其可取之处。
People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.

对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。
People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations
on the same case.
不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People
from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.
这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题
的看法也不尽相同。
When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...
说到______，有人认为________，而另一些人则认为__________。
Just as the saying goes:
understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.
俗话说，。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.
对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。
There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without
saying that...
万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，____________。
When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but other people
regard ...as ....
提到____问题，很多人认为____，不过，一些人则认为____是____.
When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., but other people

think as...提到___问题，仅少数人认为___，但另一些人则认为____.