英语被动语态 (1)

初中必考语法点一：被动语态基础及练习
问题思考：1什么是被动语态？（被动语态定 义）主语与谓语动词之间存在被动承受关系的
语态形式。
2.被动语态怎么用？（被动语态用法）
1.不明动作执行者时,用被动语态。
2.没必要指出动作执行者时,用被动语态。
3.突出或强调动作承受这时,用被动语态。
一．被动语态的时态：
1.一般现在时的被动语态：amisare+动词的过去分词
2.一般过去时的被动语态：aswere+动词的过去分词
3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be+动词的过去分词
4.现在进行时的被动语态：amisare+being+动词的过去分词
5.现在完成时的被动语态：havehas+been+动词的过去分词
6.情态动词的被动语态 ：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词
二．主动语态变被动语态的变法：
1.将主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态中的主语。
2.把谓语动词变成被动语态,时态要和主动语态的时态一致。
3.主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,人称代词主格要变为宾格。
口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done,时不变，数格必须随被变。
注意事项：
1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
三.主动形式表被动意义的情况
be 句型中的不定式用主动表被动意义。
eg. There is much work to finish。有许多工作要完成
2.表感觉或变化的系动词如feel,look,smell,sound,taste, turn, get等用主动表被动意义。
eg. The cake smells nice. 这闻起来很香。
…to…结构中的不定式用主动表被动意义。
eg. The box is too heavy to carry
worth doing …值得…;need doing=need to be done需要…现在分词用主动表被动意义。
eg. The movie is worth watching.这部电影值得看看。
5.形容词difficu lt,easy,important,interesting,nice,dangerous等接不定式做 状语,不定式用主动
表被动意义
eg. The problem is easy to work out.这个问题很容易解答出来。
6.动词sell,write,ride后接well或badly时,主动形式表示被动意义。
eg. The CDs sell well.这些CD卖得很好。
四、不能用被动语态的情况
1.谓语动词为不及物动词或不及物动词短语时,不用被动语态。如:happen,take place,take off
等。
2.有些及物动词或短语也无被动语态。如:cost, leave,enter,reach,have,wish,belong to,mind等。

3.宾语为反身代词、相互代词、不定式、现在分词等时,不能变为被动语态。
4.系动词无被动语态。如:be,become,feel,get,look,seem,smell,s ound,taste,turn等。
课堂练习
［例题1］把下列主动语态改为被动语态:
（1）We often use a recorder in our English class.

（2）They will show a new film next week.

（3）When did they build the house?

（4）I saw the boy enter the room.

（5）Will they show a new film next week?

（6）Have they posted the letter yet?

（7）We often see him help his classmate.

（8）You must turn off the light before you go to bed.

［例题2］（ ）The reading room ________ yesterday afternoon.
A. cleane B. is cleaned C. was cleaning D. was cleaned
［例题3］（ ）The workers were made ________ ten hours a day.
A. work B. to work C. working D. worked
［例题4］（ ）Food ________ in a cool place in summer.
A. must keep B. mustn’t keep C. must be kept D. mustn’t be kept
［例题5］（ ） father ________ to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago.
A. sent B. was sent
C. has sent D. has been sent

［例题6］（ ）The pen ________ well
A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing
［例题7］用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.A new hospital _________ (build) in this area now.
language ________ (speak) in that country?
film ________ (show) many times since last Sunday.
TV sets ________ (make) in SiChuan.
has got so dark. Would you please ________ (turn) on the light?
中考链接

【2017贵州安顺】26.—Excuse me, sir , smoking ____in the gas station.
—Oh, I’m awfully sorry.
’t allow allowed
’t allowed ’t allowed
【2017河北】35. Hangzhou _____ as the City of Silk. Tourists like shopping for silk there
B. is known

C. was known D. will be known
【2017河南】29. --Why are you leaving your job?
--I can't stand it any longer. I ___always ____ to work overtime
A. am; asking B. am; aske
C. was; asking D. was; asked
［2018沈阳中考］2. There will be fewer workers in factories because most work _________ by
robots in the future.
A. is done B. was done
C. will be done D. will do
【2017黄冈】 3.—Claudia, are you going to Jeff’s birthday party on Saturday?
—Unless I ______.
A. will be invited B. am invited
C. was inviting D. invited

















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