溘-顾客英语
三、被动语态
(1) 被动语态的用法：
①
不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省略by短语。如：A man was
killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故) This window
was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被
打破的)
②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。如：Rice is also
grown in this
place.(这个地方也种水稻) A railroad will
be built here in three years.(三年之后这里将要修建
一条铁路)
③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。如：It was written by Lu
Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的) A pet
dog is never killed by
its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的)
(2) 主动语态如何改写为被动语态：
主动句： 主语(人物) + 谓语(及物动词) + 宾语(人物) +
其他 + 状语
(动作的执行者) (各种时态形式)
(动作的承受者)
被动句： 主语(人物) + 谓语(及物动词) + by
+人 物 + 其他 + 状语
(动作的承受者) (be
+过去分词) (动作的执行者)
(3) 注意点：
①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。如：
His teacher gave him a dictionary.→He was given a
dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他
一本字典→他得到老师一本字典)
也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语。如：His
teacher
gave him a dictionary.→A dictionary
was given to him by his
teacher.(老师给他一本字典→一本
字典由老师送给了他)His father made
him a kite.→A kite was made for him by his
father.(他的
父亲给他做了一个风筝→一个风筝由他的父亲做给了他)
②“动词+宾语+动词原形”改为被动时,动词原形前要加to.如：The boss made
the poor man
work 12 hours a day.→The poor man
was made to work 12 hours a
day.(老板让这个可怜的人一
天工作12小时→这个可怜人被迫一天工作12小时)
③“动词+…+介词”改为被动时,介词一般在原位不动。如：The girl takes
good care of her little
brother.→The girl’s
little brother is taken good care of by
her.(女孩照顾小弟弟→女孩的小弟弟
由她照顾着)
④“be+过去分词”未必表示被动语态,而可能是系表结构。如：
He is
pleased worried tired …….(系表)(他高兴焦虑疲劳……)
He
was hit knocked down told shot
…….(被动)(他被击中撞倒关照射中……)
（二）句型转换
1. Two years
ago we used that machine to make shoes for
children.(01中考)
Two years ago that machine
________________________ shoes for children.
2. You must throw the broken pottery away at
once.（02中考）
The broken pottery
_____________________________ at once.
3. You
must hand in your history homework by the
weekend.（04中考）
Your history homework
_________________________ by the weekend.
4.
We should water the young trees every two
days.（06中考）
The young trees
_______________________________ every two days.
5. Our teacher doesn’t let us go out of our
school at lunch time.
We
_______________________ go out of our school at
lunch time.
6. How long have you kept
the book?
How long
__________________________________________?
7.
She gave me a present.
I _____________________
_____________________________.
A present
___________________________________________.
8. They made their mother a birthday cake.
Their mother
________________________________________.
A
birthday cake
______________________________________.
第二部分、强化训练A
1. We know that English ______
all over the world.
A. is spoken B. is
speaking C. speaks D. has spoken
2.
Computer ____ in everyday life in this country
before long.
A. is used B. will use C.
will be used D. was used
3. It’s true that
his bad teeth ____ out by himself.
A. has been
pulled B. have been pulled C. has pulled D.
pulled
4. I’ve told the old man his money
_____ by the policemen.
A. has been found B.
have been found C. have found out D. has found
5. What ______just now?
A. was happened
B. were happened C. happened D. happens
6.
The children ______ not to play with the fire .
A. are told B. tell C. are asking D.
warn
7. ---____ the Internet _____ in your
school?
---Yes , but the computer in our
office often refuses to work.
A. Is, used B.
Is, using C. Does, use D. Has, used
8.
---Something is wrong with the car.
---Don’t
worry. I’ll have it _______ soon.
A. fixed B.
mending C .to repair D. to fix
9. ----
Football by the British at the beginning of
last century.
---- That’s probably why
football is one of the most popular games in
England.
A. was invented B. invented C. was
inventing D. invents
10. The PRC was ______ on
October 1st 1949.
A. found B. find C.
founding D. founded
11. I turned back only
to find myself ______ by a group of beggars.
A. follow B. following C. to follow D.
followed
12. Now her lost books are
usually______ the library.
A .returned B
.returned to C. paid D. paid to
13. Paul
doesn’t have to be made ______.He always works
hard.
A. to learn B. learn C. learning
D. learns
14. ---My trousers are______ .
---I’ll buy you a new pair.
A. wore out B.
worn out C. wearing out D. sold out
15.
Don’t you know sweaters can’t _______ that way?
A. be washed B. being washed C. being
washing D. wash
强化训练B
( ) 1.
Don’t make so much noise. We _______ to the music.
A. listened B. listen C. are
listening D. have listened
( ) 2. I must
return the camera to Li Lei. I _______ it for two
weeks.
A. keep B. borrowed C.
have kept D. have lent
( ) 3. –When
will you tell him the good news?
--I will
tell him about it as soon as he _______ back.
A. comes B. came C. will
come D. is coming
( ) 4. –Dad, please
open the door, it _______. –OK, dear. I’m
coming.
A. locks B. locked
C. is locked D. was locked
( ) 5.
–Did you go to Jim’s birthday party? --No, I
_______.
A. am not invited B. wasn’t invited
C. haven’t invited D. didn’t invite
( ) 6.
A talk on Chinese history _______ in the school
hall next week.
A. be given B. has been
given C. will be given D. will give
(
) 7. You may go fishing if your work _______.
A. is done B. will be done C. has
done D. have done
( ) 8. –What do you
think of the football match yesterday?
--Well. It’s surprising. The strongest team of our
school _______.
A. was beaten B. won
C. scored D. was failed
10. The
police _______ lots of help by the people in the
city.
A. has been given B. has given C.
have been given D. have given
11. Pork
______ out in this shop. We can ______ now.
A.
has been sold, get nothing B. have been
sold, get nothing
C. has been sold, get some
D. have been sold, get some
12. Last night the
thief ______ by the police.
A. got caught B.
is caught C. were caught D. was catch
13.
It’s known that the paper for books and magazines
______ from wood.
A. are made B. is made
C. has been made D. is being made
14. The “
Thousand-hand Guanyin” ______ by many people as
the best performance at CCTV’s
Spring Festival
Evening.
A. has been regarded B. are
regarded C. has regarded D. regards
15. In
recent years, many child are made _____ what they
are not ______.
A. to do, interested in
B. to do, interested
C. do, interested
D. do, interested in
16. ---- Why are you
late?
---- My bike broke down. I had it
______.
A. repaired B. repairs C. repair
D. repairing
17. ---- I’d like to borrow a
book ____ “ Chicken, run.”
---- Let me check
it on the computer. Here it is. It_____ Kate has
got it.
A. called, says B. called, is said
C. is called, says D. is called, is said
18.
Please tell me when Guangzhou _____ the Asian
Games?
A. will hold B. will be held C.
holds D. is going to held
19. Usually before
exams, students _____ two minutes to write down
their names.
A. were given B. gave C. give
D. are given
20. ---- The room is so dirty.
---- So it is! The dustbins ______
since we came here.
A. haven’t been emptied
B. hasn’t been emptied
C. haven’t emptied
D. hasn’t emptied
21. Here are the photos
_______ in London.
A. who are taken B.
that took C. which I was taken D.
that were taken
22. How long have Mr. and Mrs.
White _______?
A. married B. be married
C. got married D. been married