越的拼音-乌鸦英语
英语被动语态用法详解(1)
一、单项选择被动语态
1
.
— Can we play basketball in the
school gym?
— No, it ______ during the
summer holidays.
A
.
is repaired
B
.
is being repaired
C
.
was
repaired D
.
has been repaired
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查
时态语态。句意:
--
我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗?
--
不行,暑假期间
操场正在被修
葺。根据句意可知,这里是表示正在进行,所以要用现在进行时。主语
it
和动词之间是被
动关系,所以要用被动语态。故选
B
。
2
.
________scores of times, but Derek
still couldn’t understand how to use past
participle in a
concrete situation.
A
.
Having explained
C
.
Though it was explained
【答案】
D
【解析】
因为有连词
but
,前面应是完整的句子,排除
A,B;
Though
不能和
but
同时使用,所以选
D
。
B
.
Having been explained
D
.
It was explained
3
.
(
江苏四校第四次考试
)The flood has
caused a lot of damage to that area and the
figures of
the missing________shortly.
A
.
will be published
C
.
had
been published
【答案】
A
【解析】
考查时态。
shortly
不久,不多时,在句中作时间状语,表示将来,所以空处应该用将来
时。句意为:这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失,失踪人数很快就会公布。
答案:
A
B
.
have been published
D
.
are published
4
.
(
桂林部分学校高三质量检测
)The wet
weather will continue tomorrow
,
when a cold
front________to arrive.
A
.
will
be expected
C
.
expects
【答案】
D
【解析】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意为:
预计将有一股冷锋到来,因此潮湿的天气明天将会继
B
.
is
expecting
D
.
is expected
续。
a cold front
与
expect
之间
是逻辑上的动宾关系,
expect
是发生在现在的动作,要用一
般现在时,故选D
项。
答案:
D
5
.
—The manager has come back from his
business trip. He is asking you for the
report.
— Oh
,
my god ! I haven’t
finished it yet. But he ________ back at the
company tomorrow.
A
.
was expected
C
.
expected
【答案】
A
【解析】
试题分析:考查时态和语态。句意:
——
经理出差回来了
。他正在问你要报告。
——
哦,
天哪,我还没完成呢。但是本来预计他明天回公司。根
据语境,是过去预料他明天会回
来,而且经理是被预计,故用一般过去时的被动。故选
A
。
【名师点睛】时态的考查要根据本句的句意,这句话一定要根据上下文判断动作发生的时
间,要细心体会语境。还要注意时态语态。
考点:考查时态和语态
B
.
will expect
D
.
will
be expected
6
.
— Did he decide
to take part in the competition?
— Yes, of
course. He _____ to.
A
.
has been
encouraging B
.
had been encouraged
C
.
has been encouraged D
.
was
to be encouraged
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时
态和语态。句意:
——
他决定参加比赛吗?
——
是的,当然。他已经被鼓励参加比赛。根据
he
和动词
encourage
之间的逻辑关系分析,
此处应该使用被动形式,故
先排除
A
项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析,
此处应该使用过去完成时态的
被动语态。故选
B
。
7
.
Quantities of soil ________ in the
area, resulting in the increasing number of
natural disasters.
A
.
is washed
away B
.
have washed away
C
.
have washed away D
.
have
been washed away
【答案】
D
【解析】考查时
态和语态。句意:在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了,结果导致自然灾害数
量增加。句中
soil
和
wash away
是被动关系,此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响,
故要用现在完成时,要用现在完成时的被动语态,故选
D
。
8
.
107
.
The farmer said the PLA
men came to rescue timely when they _____in the
snowstorm.
A
.
were trapping
B
.
were being trapped
C
.
are
trapping D
.
are being trapped
【答案】
B
【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。句意:这
位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时,解放军
战士及时赶来营救。根据题干中的
said
判
断从句中需要与过去相关的时态;根据短语
“be
trapped in”
排除A
和
C
;句中表示
“
被暴风雪困住的时候
”
,
故用过去进行时的被动语态,故
选
B
。
点睛:对时态的选择,要在
把握时态的基本用法的基础上,根据具体语境和题干中的时间
推断时态,同时关注特殊的结构。
9
.
Oral English exams _______ in
China twice a year to give more chances to the
students.
A
.
has held
B
.
will be held
C
.
will hold
D
.
has been held
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:英语口语考试将在中国每年举行两次,为的是给学生更
多的机会。句中
主语
Oral English exams
和动词
hold
是被动关系,表
示动作将要进行不是完
成,排除
D
,故选
B
。
10
.
Due to the country’s growing rate
of urbanization, China’s migrant population
_______ to be
over 200 million by 2020.
A
.
predicts B
.
is predicted
C
.
will have been predicted
D
.
will be predicted
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意:由于中国城市化的速度不断提高,到
2020
年
,中国
的流动人口预计将超过
2
亿。结合句意可知,用一般现在时态的被动语态,句子
主语是
population
,单数第三人称形式,故答案为
B
。该题容易误
选
D
项,是现在预计,而不是将
来预计,故用现在时态。
11
.
It's great that all the visitors
who on the island were saved.
A
.
trapped
C
.
had trapped
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和被动语态。句意:所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了,这真是太棒了。由
were <
br>saved
可知此事发生在过去,且被困应在被救之前,应用过去完成时;同时,
vis
itors
和
trap
构成被动关系,应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故
D<
br>选项正确。
B
.
have been trapped
D
.
had been trapped
12
.
This is one of the highest
buildings that _____ in our city recently.
A
.
has been built
B
.
build
C
.
have been built
D
.
have built
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查现在完成时态的被动语态
。句意:这是最近我们城市建设的众多最高的建筑中的一
座。此处
the highest b
uildings
是先行词,指物,复数形式,且和
build
之间是被动关系,再<
br>根据
recently
所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态,故选
C
。
13
.
To my ________
,
he was not a little ________ at the news that he
had won the first prize
in the English speech
contest, for he thought that he didn't perform so
well.
A
.
astonishment
;
astonishing
B
.
astonished
;
astonishing
C
.
astonishment
;
astonished
D
.
astonish
;
astonishment
【答案】
C
【解析】
考查
astonish<
br>相关短语的用法。使我惊讶的是
,
他对这个消息并不感到惊讶
.to
one's
astonishment“
使某人感到惊讶的是
”
;
be
astonished at
sth.“
对某事感到惊讶
”
。故选
C.
14
.
I intend to buy that kind of
clothes because I ____ that they _____ well.
A
.
have told; wash
C
.
was
told; washed
【答案】
B
【解析】
考察
时态。根据题意,我想买那种衣服,因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。可知从句内
容为过去已经完成的
动作,故用过去完成时态。他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事
实,过去存在,现在及将来都会存在,
故用一般现在时态。选
B
。
B
.
have been
told; wash
D
.
have been told; are
washed
15
.
The film “Schindler’s List”, was
________ by a real person, named Oskar
Schindler
A
.
inspired
B
.
prompted
C
.
rised
D
.
insured
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查过去分词。
A.
inspired
鼓舞;
B. prompted
引起,提示;
C.
rised
上升;
D. insured
确保。
句意:电影《辛德勒的名单》
的灵感来自一个真实的人,名叫奥斯卡
·
辛德勒。结合句意可
知此处用被动语态,故答
案为
A
。
16
.
— Why
do you look very upset?
— The electricity
was cut off suddenly and my essay ________
unfinished since.
A
.
was left
C
.
had been left
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意:
——
你为什么看起来很沮丧?
——
突然停电了,那时我的文章就没
写完。句中
le
ave
与主语
essay
构成动宾关系,要用被动形式;句中时间状语
si
nce
表示从
那时起到现在文章一直没写完,是现在完成时态的时间状语。故选
D。
B
.
has left
D
.
has been left
17
.
More than one worker ______
dismissed.
A
.
have been
B
.
are
C
.
has been
D
.
has
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致和语态。句意:不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由
+单数名词
构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式,故排除
A
和
B
,
“
工人
”
和
“
解雇”
之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选
C
。
18
.
This is one of the best films
_______.
A
.
that have been shown
this year
C
.
that has been shown this
year
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
<
br>考查定语从句和时态。句意:这是今年上映的最好的电影之一。此处为定语从句,先行词
为
the one
,有最高级
the best
修饰,关系代词应该用
th
at
,在从句中作主语,语境表明使
用现在完成时,而且谓语要用第三人称单数,故
C
项正确。
B
.
that have shown
D
.
that you talked
19
.
An exhibition with 885 cultural
relics to be displayed ________ at the Meridian
Gate Gallery.
A
.
was held
B
.
would hold C
.
has hold
D
.
will be held
【答案】
D
【解析】
【分析】
考查时态语态。
【详解】
句意:午门画廊将展出
885
件文物。上文中的
to be
displayed
表将来,故本句为一般将来
时。且主语
An
exhibition
与谓语动词
hold
构成被动关系,故用
will
be held
。故选
D
。
20
.
It was announced that only when the
fire was under control __________to return to
their
homes.
A
.
the residents
would be permitted
B
.
had the
residents been permitted
C
.
would
the residents be permitted
D
.
the
residents had been permitted
【答案】
C
【解析】
句意:通报说,只有火势得到控制了居民们才被允许回家。这里
I
t
是形式主语,真正的主
语是
that
引导的从句;
that
引导的主语从句中,"
only+
状语从句"位于句首,状语从句对
应的主句要用倒
装语序,且此处表示过去将来,故选
C
。
21
.
As is estimated, more than 20
million shared bikes ______ into operation
nationwide by
2025.
A
.
will
have been put B
.
will have put
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查
动词时态语态。句意:据估计,到
2025
年为止,全国将有
2000
多万辆
共享单车投入
运营。根据
by 2025
可知应用将来完成时,且主语与谓语动词构成
被动关系,故应为将来
完成时的被动语态。故选
A
。
C
.
have been put D
.
will be
putting
22
.
Our society would
be better off but for the fact that the economy
________ by the current
global financial
crisis.
A
.
had been affected
C
.
should be affected
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意:如果不是经济受到当
前全球金融危机的影响,我们的社会会更
好。此处表示一种客观事实,且
the econom
y
和
affect
之间是一种被动关系,所以
that
引
导
的同位语从句中用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为
D
。
B
.
were affected
D
.
is
affected
23
.(天津)
Nowadays,
cycling, along with jogging and swimming,
___________ as one of the
best all-round forms
of exercise.
A
.
regard B
.
is
regarded
C
.
are regarded
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
D
.
regards
考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意:现在骑自行
车,慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式
之一。根据动词短语
regard…as…“
把
……
看作
……”
和句意确定应该用被动语态,排除
A
和
D
。再根据主语部分是由介词短语
along with
连接的三个动名词
做主语,应该谓语动词应该
就前一致,即用单数,排除
C
,故选
B
。
【点睛】
本题考查方向涉及到动词的语态和主谓一致,首先要把握句意,
判断主谓之间是主动还是
被动关系,再者就是考查学生的考虑是否全面,即加之判断谓语动词的单复数,
考查了学
生对主谓一致中就前一致的把握。
24
.
Shakespeare’s play Hamlet
into at least ten different films over the past
years.
A
.
had been made
C
.
has been made
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词的时态与语态。句意:在过去的几年
里,莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》至少被拍
成了十部不同的电影。
over the past
years
表示的是从过去到现在的动作,所以句子用现在
完成时;
Shakespe
are’s play Hamlet
与谓语
make
为被动关系,因此选择现在完成
时被动语
态。故选
C
。
B
.
was
made
D
.
would be made
25
.
You’d better communicate with each
other sincerely, and I hope to see your conflict
________ tomorrow.
A
.
was to be
solved
C
.
will have been solved
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查
时态和语态。句意:你们彼此之间最好真诚地沟通,我希望明天你们的冲突能得到解
决。由时间状语tomorrow
可知,此处应用将来时,
conflict
和
solv
e
之间为被动关系。因此
C
项的将来完成时符合语境,表示在将来某一时间以前(明天
结束之前)已经完成的动
作。故选
C
项。
B
.
has been solved
D
.
had been solved
26
.
The students have been working hard
on their lessons and their efforts _____ with
success
in the end.
A
.
rewarded
B
.
were rewarded
C
.
will reward
【答案】
D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
D
.
will be rewarded
本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤:
1.
确定时态:根据句尾的
in the
end
可知,事情发生在
将来,用将来时。
2.
确定语态:
eff
orts
和
reward
是被动关系,应该使用被动语态。句意:
学生们一直
在刻苦学习功课,他们的努力终将会得到回报。综上,用一般将来时的被动,
故选
D
。
【点睛】
一般将来时
1.
表示未来的动作或状态常用
will shall +
动词(常与表示将来的时间状语边用如
tomorrow
、
next
week
等)。
2.
表示一种趋向或习惯动作。
例如:
We’ll die without air or water.
3.
表示趋向行为的动词如
come, go, start, begin,
leave
等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时。
4. be going
to
与
will shall, be to do, be about to
do
用法及区别:
(1)shall will
do
表示未事先考虑过,即说话时临时作出的决定。
(2)be going to
表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事,这种打算往往经过事先考虑,甚至已
做了某种准备;be going to
表将来,不能用在条件状语从句的主句中;而
will
do
则能,表
意愿。
例如:
If it is fine,
we’ll go fishing.(
正确
)
If it is
fine, we are going to go fishing.(
错误
)
(3)be to do
sth.
表按计划、安排即将发生的动作,还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止,可能性等。
例如:
A meeting is to be held at 3:00 o’clock
this afternoon.
(4)be about to do sth.
表示
“
即将
正要去做某事
”
,通常不与时间状语连用,但可
与
when
引
导的从句连用,构成常考句型:
sb was about
to do sth when sb did sth
。
例如:
Autumn harvest is about to start.
27
.
The Olympic Sports Center
_______at present in the city and is said to be
open to the public
in 2019
A
.
is built B
.
has built
C
.
is being built D
.
will be
built
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意:奥运会体育中心现在正在被建。据说
201
9
年会对公众开放。句中时
间状语是
at present
意为
“<
br>现在
”
,介绍正在发生的事情,主语
the Olympic Sports
Center
与
build
该词被动关系,所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故
C
项正确。
28
.
Every
year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the
money-making jobs they_____
before leaving
their hometowns.
A
.
promised
C
.
have promised
【答案】
D
【解析】
句意为:每年大量农民工涌入深圳,去寻找他们离乡前别人给他们许诺的挣
钱的工作。此
处农民工是
“
被许诺工作
”
,需用被动语态,故排除<
br>A
和
C
两项;
B
项仅表一般过去时的被
动;
D
项表示
“
已经被许诺
”
,故选
D
。
B
.
were promised
D
.
have
been promised
29
.
His sister
left home in 1998, and_________________ since.
A
.
had not been heard of
C
.
had not heard of
【答案】
B
【解析】
试题分析:考查时态:句意:他的妹妹在
1998
年离家
,至今杳无音讯
”
。
And
前用过去式
表示她
1998<
br>年离家这一事实,而
and
后用
has not been heard of
表示从
1998
到现在这一段
时间的状态。现在完成时表示过去发生并且已经
完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果,而且
his sister
和
hear
of
是被动关系,选
B
。
考点:考查时态
B
.
has not been heard of
D
.
has not heard of
30
.
Many subway stations, including the
one near our school, ________ at present for a
better
transport in the city.
A
.
are constructing B
.
are
being constructed C
.
is constructing
D
.
is being constructed
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查
动词时态语态。句意:许多地铁站,包括我们学校附近的地铁站,目前正在建设中,
以便有更便利的交通
。此处表示动作正在进行,句中主语
Many subway stations
和动词
construct
是被动关系,所以此处用现在进行时的被动,与主语一致,故选
B.
【点睛】
现在进行时的被动结构:
be +
being+
过去分词
A number of Dongfeng trucks
are being shipped abroad.
一批东风卡车正被运往国外。
1
)
“be being done”
中的动词
be
应随主语作相应的变化。
2
)将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是:把
be
doing
变为
be
being done.
例
1.
The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The
classroom is being cleaned now.
现在学生们正在打扫教室。
(are cleaning
变为
is
being cleaned)
例
2. The boy is
counting some sheep. →Some sheep are being
counted.
那男孩正在数羊。
(is counting
变为
are being counted)
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