初中英语被动语态的教案(教学设计)

初二英语 被动语态
一、语态概述
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
例如：Many people speak English.
谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。
例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
判断：看我上面举的例子，你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？
He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句)
The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句)
说明：好了，现在我们对被动语态的句子形式有了一个形象的认 识，但英语句子是千变万
化的，这时就需要你有“火眼金睛”了。下面老师就来具体讲一讲被动语态的构 成。
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的
变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的 构成。
说明：别看英语中一会儿主动被动一会儿现在时一会儿过去时啥的，好像看得咱们眼花缭
乱啦。其实呢，这么一堆东西归纳起来，就两点：时态和语态。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught
一般过去时：was／were＋taught
一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught
现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught
过去进行时：have／has been＋taught
现在完成时：have／has been＋taught
歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。
说明：那么，什么时候用被动语态呢？简单的说，凡是 汉语中带“被”的句子，都能转换成
英语的被动语态。
三、被动语态的用法
(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：
Some new computers were stolen last night.
一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)
This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。
(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。
歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；
动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。
主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从
而是句法概念。 所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被
动态动词(词组)作谓语动 词的句子。
补充内容：
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法
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(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)
(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主 动语态句子中动词的时态来决定
be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：
All the people laughed at him.
He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory.
The bikes are madeby themin the factory.
歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。
谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。
五、含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态 动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的
情态动词变成被动语 态后“to”仍要保留。
歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。例如：
We can repair this watch in two days.
This watch can be repaired in two days.
You ought to take it away.
It ought to be taken away.
They should do it at once.
It should be done at once.
1 The People's Republic of China __ on October 1, 1949.
A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found
2 English ____ in Canada.
A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken
3 This English song___ by the girls after class.
A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung
4 This kind of car ___ in Japan.
A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made
5 New computers ___ all over the world.
A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used
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1 Our room must ___ clean.
A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep
2 -I'd like to buy that coat.-I'm sorry. ___.
A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold

3 A new house ___ at the corner of the road.
A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building
4 The key ___ on the table when I leave.
A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left
5 Doctors ___ in every part of the world.
A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need
6 His new book___ next month.
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A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published
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1 Japanese ___ in every country.
A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking
2 These papers___yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not
been written
3 The sports meet ___ be held until next week.
A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't
4
1 -My shoes are worn out.
A. Can't they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Can't
they mended?
2 ___ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.
A. Does B. Has C. Is D . Are
3 ___ these desks be needed?
A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do
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1 Why ___ to talk about it yesterday?
A. didn't a meeting hold B. wasn't a meeting held C. wasn't held a meeting D. a meeting
wasn't held
2 Who was the book___?
A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by
3 Where ___ these boxes made?
A. was B. were C. is D. am
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1 The flowers ___ often.
A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water
2 The books may___ for two weeks.
A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow
3 The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith.
A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended
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1 The old bridge in my hometown___ next month.
A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt
2 The play ___ at the theatre next Sunday.
A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown
3 The old stone bridge ___ next week
.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild
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1 Now these magazines__ in the library for a long time.
A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept
2 The pot ___ for ___ hot water
.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep
3 Tea ___ in the south of China.
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A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow
4 The bridges___ two years ago.
A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built
5 Wet clothes are often ___ up near a fire in rainy weather
.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung
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1 The river smells terrible. People must ___ dirty things into it.
A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing
2 The teapot ___ water
.A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled
3 Old people must be looked after well and ___ politely.
A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to
4 Old people must ___.
A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well
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1 Newly-born babies___in hospital.
A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care
2 They were___ at the sudden noise.
A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens
3 These walls ___ stone.
A. are made of B. made of. C. are made into D. made into
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1 Jane ___ to sing us an American song last Saturday.
A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said
2 The papers ___ to them.

A. were shown B. show C. shown D. have shown
3 The coat___her sister.
A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to
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1 I ___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.
A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given
2 She will____good care____.
A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you
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1 The teacher made him___ his homework.
A. to do B. do C. did D. done
2 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.
A. was made to clean B. made cleanC. made to clean D. was made clean
3 These children____dance.
A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to
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1 These stones___well.
A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted
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2 The bike ___ 500 yuan.
A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed
3 The important meeting ___ on a cold morning last year.
A. was'had B. was held C. held D. had
15
1 Great changes___ in the past ten years in China.
A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place
2 You can't use the computer, it____.
A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down
3 Great changes___in our country during the past 20 years.
A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened
4 The watch has often ___ down.
A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell
16
1 Please pass me another cup. This one___.
A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken
2 The story books___ by the writer in the 1960s.A. are written B. were writtenC. are writing D.
were writing
3 What time ___ the door ___ every day?
A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. close
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1 Can he___ himself?
A. get dress B. get dressed C. gets dressed D. instead of

2 He fell from his bike and ___.
A. is hurt B. gets hurt C. got hurt D. hurt
3 Lookout, please keep away from the fire, or your trousers will__
A. burnt B. burn C. burning D. get burn
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1 The apple___very sweet.
A. is tasted B. taste -C. tastes D. are tasting
2 You___ more beautiful in the light blue shirt.
A. see B. watch C. look D. look at
3 What you said ___. like a good idea.
A. heard B. listened C. sound D. sounded
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1 -What do you think of the TV play? -Wonderful. It is worth___ a second time.
A. watching B. watched C. seen D. seeing
2 How dirty the tables are! They need___.
A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleaned
3 The book is worth ___.
A. seeing B. reading C. seen D. read
参考答案：
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1. 1-5 B D D D C 2. 1-6 B C B B C A 3. 1-3 A B B 4. 1-3 A B A 5. 1-3 B D B 6. 1-3 B A
D 7. 1-3 A B A 8. 1-5 D B B C D 9. 1-4 B A D D 10. 1-3 B B A
11. 1-3 B A C 12. 1-3 D D B 13. 1-3 B A A 14. 1-4 B C B 15. 1-4 B D
A C 16. 1-3 A B C 17. 1-3 B C D 18. 1-3 C C D 19. 1-3 A C B
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