搜狗日语输入法下载-应该的
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一、被动语态的构成形式
1. 被动语态的基本时态变化
被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式,
被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态
的变化而变化。以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:
1) amisare +done (过去分词) 一般现在时
例visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.
2) has have been done 现在完成时
例all the
preparations for the task have
been completed,
and we're ready to start.
3) amis are being
done 现在进行时
例a new cinema is being built
here.
4) waswere done 一般过去时
例i was given
ten minutes to decide whether i
should reject
the offer.
5) had been done 过去完成时
例 by
the end of last year, another new
gymnasium
had been completed in beijing.
6) waswere
being done 过去进行时
例a meeting was being held
when i was there.
7) shallwill be done
be
going to be done
be about to be done be to be
done一般将来时
例hundreds of jobs will be lost if
the factory
closes.
8) shouldwould be done
waswere going to be done
waswere about
to be done
2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。
例the baby
should be taken good care of
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by the baby-sitter.
2)
有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语
变为主语,
另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例his mother gave
him a present for his
birthday. 可改为 he was
given a present
by his mother for his
birthday.
3)
当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中
的主语,其余不动。
例someone caught the boy smoking a
ciggarette. 可改为the boy was caught smoking a
cigarette.
4)在使役动词have, make,let以及感官动词see,
watch, notice, hear, feel, observe
等后面不定式作宾语补语时
,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,
要加to。
例someone
saw a stranger walk into the
building. 可改为a
stranger was seen to walk
into the building.
5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也
可以用
于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能
省略。
例the
meeting is to be put off till Friday.
3.
非谓语动词的被动语态
v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do
也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。
例i don't like being
laughed at in the public.
二、 it is said
that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如
believe,
consider, expect, report, say,
suppose, think等
可以用于句型“it+be+过去分词+that从句”
或“主语+be+过去分词+to
do sth.”。有:
it is said that… 据说,it is
reported that…据报道,it is believed that…大家相
信,it
is
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hoped that…大家希望,it is well known
that…众所周知,it is thought that…大家认为,it is
suggested that…据建议。
例it is said that the
boy has passed the
national exam.
(=the
boy is said to have passed the
national exam.
)
三、被动语态与系表结构的区别
当“be+过去分词”作被动语态时表示主语承受的
动作;作系表结构时表示主语的特点或所
处的状态时,be后面的过去分词是表语,相当于形容词。其区
分办法如下:
1.如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者,该句一般为被动语态,否则为系表
结构。
例the glass is broken. (系表结构)
the glass
was broken by the boy. (被动语态)
2.如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时,一般为被动语态。
例the door is
locked. (系表结构)
the door has alreadyjust been
locked.(被动语态)
3.被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外,还可以用于其他各种时
态,而系表结构中的系动
词be只有一般时态和完成时态。
例 the machine
is being repaired.
被动语态基础练习选择题
house_____,
a . is getting paint b . is
getting painted c . is got painted d . has got to
paint
arrived in beijing, where
he_____his friend .
a . was met by b .
was met c . was meeting d . met by
war_____in 1937
a . was broken out b .
had been broken out c . has broken out d . broke
out
mistakes in the exercises
will_____the teacher.
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a . cross b . be crossing c . be crossed by d .
cross by
brother and i have __________her
birthday party.
a . been invited b .
been invited for c . invited to d . been invited
to
_______this way
a . is had to do
b . is had to be done c . had to be done d . has
to do
__this way.
a used to do b .
used to be done c . is used to do d . is used to
doing
8._____chaplin.
a . the
child's name was called b . the child's name calls
c . the child calls d . the child is named
sports meeting____ .
a . is put off
b . is to put off c . is to be put off d . puts
off
realized she_________
a . was
making fun of b . was made fun c . was being
made fun of d .
was being made fun
11.______to say a thing in that way
a . it is considers wrong b . it is considered
wrong
c . it is considered it's wrong d .
it is consiedring wrong
ordered that the
books_______at once.
a . would be
printed b . would print c . be printed d . print
story______in china .
a . was
taken place b . was happened c . took place d .
has been taken
place
house_____my
parents
a . is belong to b . belong to c
. belongs to d . is belonged to
_______by his
teacher.
a . happened to see b . was
happened to see c . happened to be seen d .
was happened to be seen
changes_____in
our tall buildings.
a . have been taken
place, have been set up
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b . have taken place, have been set up
c .
have been taken place, have been set up
d
. were taken place, were set up
hall's____but it's not yet____with lamps.
a . furnished, finished b . been finished, been
furnished
c . being finished, being
furnished d . set up, full
new hall is the
tallest building in this town._____from here?
a . can it see b . can it be seen c . can
it seen d . can see
soon as we got to the
airport,we found that the plane_____.
a
. had already taken off b . already took off
c . was already taking off d . was already taken
off
20. some of the hotels in my
hometown_________.
a . have now been
rebuilding b . are now rebuilding
c . are
now being rebuilt d . are rebuilt now
21. if
city noises ____ from increasing,people ____ shout
to be heard even at
dinner.
a . are
not kept;will have to b . are not kept;have
c . do not keep;will have to d . do not keep;have
to
22. the fifth generation computers, with
artificial intelligence, are ____and
perfected
now.
a . developed b . have developed c .
are being developed d . will have
been
developed
23. --- ____ the sports meet might
be put off. --- yes,it all depends on
the
weather.
a . i've been told b . i've told
c . i'm told d . i told
24. i need one more
stamp before my collection ___.
a . has
completed b . completes c . has been completed d .
is
completed
25. rainforests ___ and
burned at such a speed that they will disappear
from
the earth in the near future.
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a . cut b . are cut c . are being cut d . had been
cut
26. the new suspension bridge ___ by the
end of last month.
a . has been designed b
. had been designed
c . was designed d .
would be designed
a pencil is partly in a
glass of water, it looks as if it ____.
a
. breaks b . has broken c . was broken d . had
been broken
28. great changes ___ in the
city, and a lot of factories ___.
a . have
been taken place; have been set up b . have taken
place; have been
set up
c . have taken
place; have set up d . were taken place; were set
up
29. that suit __ over 60 dollars.
a . had costed b . costed c . is costed d . cost
30. --- look! everything here is under
construction. --- what's the pretty small
house that __ for?
a . is being built
b . has been built c . is built d . is building
31.--- do you like the material? --- yes, it
___ very soft.
a . is feeling b . felt c .
feels d . is felt
32. it is difficult for a
foreigner ____ chinese.
a . write b . to
write c . to be written d . written
33. i
have no more letters ____ ,thank you.
a .
to type b . typing c . to be typed d . typed
34. take care! don't drop the ink on your
shirt, for it __ easily.
a . won't wash
out b . won't be washed out
c . isn't
washed out d . isn't washing out
35. nobody
noticed the thief slip into the house because the
lights happened
to ___.
a . be put up
b . give in c . be turned on d . go out
36.
the computers on the table ___ professor smith.
a . belongs b . are belonged to c . belongs
to d . belong to
37. --- what do you think of
the book? ---oh, excellent. it's worth ___ a
second
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time.
a . to read b . to be read c .
reading d . being read
38. the squirrel was
lucky that it just missed ___.
a .
catching b . to be caught c . being caught d . to
catch
39. this page needed ___ again.
a . being checked b . checked c . to check d . to
be checked
40. ___ many times, the boy still
didn't know how to do the exercises
a .
having taught b . having been taught c . taught d
. teaching
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delight-英语手写体范文
malaysia怎么读-灵活的意思
南博会-elmo
uncovered-昨天的英语
贽怎么读音读-审时度势的读音
萨拉米香肠-的写法
evaluating-付开头的成语
掺合-embarrass
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