净角拼音-whispered
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初二英语被动语态专练
一、被动语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态
共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的
承受
者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般来说,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
汉语往往
用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。
如:He opened the
door.他打开了这扇门。(主动语态)
The door was opened.
这扇门被打开了。(被动语态)
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的
过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式,过
去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也
如此。
1、初二被动语态的时态较常见的六种,现以动词clean为例列表说明:
2、被动语
态的句式变化:
以一般现在时和动词invite为例,列表说明被动语态的句式变化:
3、含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词的被动语态结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词;
其时态及句
型的变化仅由情态动词完成,“be+过去分词”部分不变。 如:Tables can
be made of stone. 桌子可由石
头制造。Tables could be
made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。(一般过去时)Can
tables be
made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗?(疑问句)
三、被动语态的用法:1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。 如:The bridge
was built last
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year. 这座桥是去年建造的。He was elected chairman. 他被选为主
席。2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。此
时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后,不需要时可以省
略。 如:The room hasn't been cleaned yet.
房间还没有打扫。The tiger was killed by him.
老虎被他杀死了。3、当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语
态。 如:The window
was blown by wind. 窗户被风吹开了。The whole village has
been washed away by
the flood.
整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。4、表示客观的说明常用“It is + 过去分词”句型。 如:It is
said that
Lucy has gone abroad. 据说露茜已经出国了。It
is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to
be a spy.)
大家相信他是个间谍。 其它常见的“It is + 过去分词+
that”句型还有:It is reported that…据报道It is said
that…据说It is believed that…大家相信It is suggested
that…有人建议
四、主动语态变为被动语态 转换图示:1、主动语
态变为被动语态的
步骤:(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语:注意:如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为
主格。如:
Tom killed him. → He was killed by Tom.
(2)将动词改为“be+过去分词”。注意: They held a meeting
yesterday. → A meeting
was held by them yester
day.他们昨天开会了。(3)将主动语态的主语改为by…放在谓语动词后。注意:如果
原主语是代
词,则应由主格变为宾格。如:He sang a song. → A song was sung by
him.
2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项:
(1)主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含
糊地表示“人们”、“大家”的单词,变
为被动句时,通常删去“by…”,但原主语被强调时除外。
如:They set up this hospital in 1975.→This
hospital was set up in 1975. 这所医院建于1975年。Only
he can finish the job. → 只有他能完成这项
工作。The job
can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。(2)含有双宾语,即
直接宾语和间
接宾语的句子,每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语,即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接
宾语作主语。
如:Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。We
were told the truth by Jack.
The truth was
told (to) us by Jack.
五、动词的主动形式表示被动之意 以主动
形式表示被动之意的动词多为连系动词,如:look,feel,
smell等。下列动词没有被动式
:happen,cost,have
如:An accident was happened
yesterday.(×)昨天发生了一起事故。An accident happened
yesterday.()The flower smells
sweet.这花闻起来很香。The watch looks
good.这表看起来很
好。This book sells well.这本书畅销。
六、各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例)1.一般现在时(am is are +done)
如:English
is spoken by lots of people in the
world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。Class meeting is held every
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Thursday.
每周四都举行班会。The classroom is cleaned by the students
every day. 学生们每天都打扫
教室。2.一般过去时(was were +done)
如:The cup was broken by the boy.
杯子被那个男孩打碎了。He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。
My
bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。3.一般将来时与过去将来时(will shall
be +done;
wouldshould be +done)
如:A
speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。A
new road will be built next year. 明
年要修一条新马路。I
thought thousands of people would be helped.
我认为将有数千人得到帮助。4.现
在进行时与过去进行时(am is are being
+done;was were being +done)
如:The machine was
being repaired at this time yesterday.
昨天这时机器正在被修理。The problem is
being discussed
now. 问题正在被讨论。A bus is being pushed by the
passengers. 路人正在推一辆公
共汽车。
5.现在完成时(have has
been + done)
如:Two hundred trees have been
planted by now. 到现在为止,已经种了二百棵树了。
The book has
been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。
Several soldiers have already been killed in
the conflict.
在冲突中已经有几名士兵被杀害。
6.过去完成时(had been+done)
如:They said they
had been invited to the party. 他们说他们已经被邀请参加晚会
She found the house had been destroyed by the
storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。
He had been tortured by
the illness for many years before he died.
他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。
一般现在时被动语态专练(一)
结构式:a.肯定句:主语+am is are +动词的过去分词 +(by+人代宾格
)+其他
eg .English is studied (by us ) every
day.
b.否定句::主语+am is are + not +动词的过去分词
+(by+人代宾格 )+其他
eg. English is not
studied (by us ) every day.
c.疑问句:Is
English not studied (by us ) every day.?
d.特殊疑问句:WhatWhereWhen+am is are
+主语+动词的过去分词+其
他?
一.把主动语态变成被动语态。
1. He
cleans the room every Sunday.
2. Farmers grow
rice in the south .
3. People in England speak
English
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4.
We play football on the playground every
afternoon.
5. Do you often watch TV at home in
the evening ?
6. She doesn’t finish her
homework
7. They don’t read that book.
8.
Where do they watch basketball match every week?
9. What does Tom study?
10. When do you
listen to music?
二. 把被动语态变成主动语态。
1. keys
are used for locking .(we)
2. Football is
played .(the students)
3. Desks are made of
wood .(workers)
4. Chinese isn’t had in the
classroom.(the teacher)
5. Is this book read
every day?
6. Where are bikes made (they)?
7. What is done ?(Lucy)
8. Are the pens
made in the factory?(you )
9. English isn’t
spoken by people in China.
10. We are given
some money (they).
一般过去时被动语态专练(二)
结构式:
a.肯定句:主语+was were+动词的过去分词 +(by+人代宾格 )+其他
eg .English was studied (by us ) every day.
b.否定句:主语+was were+ not +动词的过去分词 +(by+人代宾格
)+其他
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eg. English was not studied (by us ) every day.
c.疑问句:Was English not studied (by us ) every
day.?
d.特殊疑问句:WhatWhereWhen+was were
+主语+动词的过去分词+其他?
一. 把主动语态变成被动语态
1. We built
this library last year.
2. I watched TV
yesterday evning.
3. He passed me a book .
4. She heard me sing in the next room .
5.
They didn’t finish his homework yesterday
6.
Did you play football on the playground yesterday?
7. Where did you fly a kite ?
8. When did
they read this book?
9. What did you use it
for ?
10. He asked me not to go there.
二.
被动语态变成主动语态。
baby was looked after by his
mother .
he given any bananas?( I )
were
these bikes made by workers ?
ball wasn’t
played on the playground .( the students )
heard to sing in the next room .(Tom)
tall
building was built three years ago.(workers)
your homework finished yesterday ?
weren’t
made in the factory.(加主语)
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9.When were those machines produced?(we)
teachers weren’t listened to by the students
.
一般将来时被动语态专练(三)
结构式:
(1.)
a.肯定句:主语+will shall+ be+动词的过去分词 +(by+人代宾格 )+其他
eg .English will be studied (by us ) next
year.
b.否定句:主语+will shall+ not+be +动词的过去分词
+(by+人代宾格 )+其他
eg. English will not be
studied (by us ) next year.
c.疑问句:Will
English be studied (by us ) next year.?
d.特殊疑问句:WhatWhereWhen+will shall +主语be
+动词的过去分词+其它。
( 2) a.肯定句:主语+is are am going to
+ be+动词的过去分词+(by+人代宾格 )+其
他
eg .English is
going to be studied (by us ) next year.
b.否定句:主语+is am are going to+ not +be +动词过去分词
+(by+人代宾格 )+其
他
eg. English is not going to
be studied (by us ) next year.
c.疑问句:Is
English going to be studied (by us ) next year.?
d.特殊句WhatWhereWhen+isaream+主语+
be+主语+动词的过去分词+其它。
一.把主动语态变成被动语态:
1. He
will draw a picture tomorrow.
2. We are going
to clean the classroom .
3. She won’t watch TV
this evening.
you going to cleaned the
classroom this afternoon?
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are you going to play football?
shan’t borrow that radio.
7. I am not going to
see the film.
二.被动语态变成主动语态。
school won’t
built next year.
will be given some apples .
the bike be mended by the worker .
will
the factory be built?
book will be written by
her.
he going to be passed pen by me .
es
isn’t going to be studied by Tom.
be asked to
see the film by teacher.
现在完成时被动语态专练(四)
构式:
a.肯定句:主语+结have has+ been +动词的过去分词
+(by+人代宾格 )+其他
eg .English has been studied
(by us ) for three years.
b.否定句:主语+have has +
not +been+动词的过去分词 +(by+人代宾格 )+其他
eg.
English hasn’t been studied (by us ) for three
years.
c.疑问句:Has English been studied (by us
) for three years.?
d.特殊疑问句:WhatWhereWhen+hav has +主语+动词的过去分词+其他?
一.把主动语态变成被动语态:
1. .He has already read
this book.
2. I haven’t seen this film.
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3. They
have finished their homework.
long has she
watched TV?
have you seen my history book?
has never played basketball.
has taught
English since 1990.
she washed her clothes?
have learnt about five hundred new words.
二.被动语态变成主动语态。
1. This book has already
been written by luXuen .
2. Her homework never
been finished .
3. How long has this film been
seen?
4. Our classroom has been cleaned by the
students.
5. Where has the sports meeting been
held?
6. The baby hasn’t looked after by his
mother.
7. Have your bike found by your?
8. He has played this games since he was a
child.
9. How many rulers has he had ?
现在进行时被动语态专练(五)
结构式:
a. 肯定句:主语+is am
are +being +动词的过去分词 +(by+人代宾格 )+其他
eg .English
is being studied (by us ) now
b. 否定句:主语+is am
are +being + not +动词的过去分词 +(by+人代宾格 )+其他
eg. English is being not studied (by us )now
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c.疑问句:Is
English being studied (by us )now?
c.
特殊疑问句:WhatWhereWhen+is am are +主语+being+动词的过去分词+其他
一.把主动语态变成被动语态:
1. He is watching TV at
home now.
2. She isn’t looking after her baby
now.
3. Are they doing their homework in the
classroom now? .
4. Where are you listening to
the music ?
5. What is she doing in the
classroom?
6. Kate is cleaning the desks .
7. You are speaking Chinese now .
8. Tom
is helping me to study English.
二.被动语态变成主动语态。
1. We are telling the story.
2. Those
buildings aren’t being built by the workers
3.
Are you being looked after by your mother?
4.
What is being done by you ?
5. Is he being
listened to by your students?
6. Football is
being played by them.
7. Where is basketball
match being had ?
8. Computer games aren’t
being playing by that boy.
情态动词的被动语态专练(六)
结构式:
a.肯定句:主语+canmust may+be+动词的过去分词
+(by+人代宾格 )+其他
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eg .English can be studied (by us ) now
b.否定句:主语+can must may+not+be +动词的过去分词
+(by+人代宾格 )+其他
eg. English can not be
studied (by us )now
c.疑问句Can English be
studied (by us )now?
d.特殊疑问句:WhatWhereWhen+can may must
+主语+be+动词的过去分词其
他?
一.把主动语态变成被动语态:
1. He
can make some machines.
2. We mustn’t draw a
picture on the public wall.
3. Can you help me
clean the blackboard?
4. Where can they watch
TV?
5. How many desks can we mend ?
6.
Must I finish my homework now?
7. She can’t
answer my question.
8. .What can you do ?
二.被动语态变成主动语态。
1. These chairs may be made
in China by the workers,
2. May I be help to
clean the windows?
3. English can be used
widely by people in China.
4. The blackboard
can’t cleaned by you now.
5. Where must
Chinese be studied by him.
6. What can be
done?
7. This letter must be written by her.
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8. A book
can’t be lost by the little boy.
一.选择填空
1. In some countries , tea ______
with milk and sugar.
A. is serving
B. is served C. serves D.
served
2. Great changes _____ in my
hometown since 1980.
A. have been taken
place B. took place
C. have
taken place D. were taken place
3. The new type of car is going to ______ in three
years.
A. turn out B. be
turned out
C. has turned out D. have
been turned out
4. The woman murdered her
friend and ______ to ______.
A. was
sentenced , death B. sentencing , die
C. sentenced , death D.
sentenced , die
5. -Do you like the skirt ?
-It _______ soft.
A. is feeling
B. felt C. feels D. is felt
6. Are you still here ? You were here an
hour ago . Who ________ for ?
A. are you
waiting B. did you wait C. were you
waiting D. do you
wait
7. _____ to
know Professor Zhang.
A. He said
B. I said C. He is said D. It says
8. -I want to sit at the table near the
window.
-Sorry , ______ already.
A. it took B. it takes C. it
is taking D. it has been taken
9.
The letter _______ three days ago and it ______
yesterday.
A. had post , had arrived
B. was posted , arrived
C. posted ,
arrived D. had been posted , was
arrived
10. He told me that the final
examination _______ next Thursday.
A. is
given B. will be given C. would have given
D. would be given
11. Water ______ into ice.
A. will changed B. must be changed
C. should change D. can be changed
12.
Plays ______ twice a month in that theatre.
A. put on B. are put on C.
was put on D. often
put on
13. The birds _______ fly away last Saturday.
A. let to B. is let to
C. was let D. were let to
14.
A strange sound ______ yesterday evening.
A. was heard B. hears C. heard
D. is heard
15. A beautiful bike _______ him
by his classmates.
A. sent to
B. will sent to C. was sent to D.
will be sent for
16. Miss Chen ______ just
______ to speak at the meeting.
A. has
…been asked B. has been …asked
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C. Have
been … asked D. have …been asked
17.
Meat _______ out in this shop . We can _________
now.
A. have been sold , get nothing
B. has been sold , get nothing
C. has been
sold , get some D. have been sold , get
some
18. The new play _______ in theatre now
. Why don’t you go in and see it ?
A. is
being shown B. is showing C. is
shown D.
shows
19. Can
you tell _______ ?
A. when did it happen
B. when was it happened
C. when it
happened D. when it was happened
20. ______ the job ______ by Lucy or by John ?
Tell me the truth , please.
A. Has …
finished B. Has …being finished
C. Is …finish D. Has …been
finished
二. 用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空
1. When
_____ the first man-made satellite _______ (send)
up into space ?
2. Last year vegetables
____ (grow)in the garden by Tom and he _____
(sell)them
himself.
3. She ______ (help)
him with his homework tomorrow evening.
4.
How many magazines ______ (can borrow) in your
library every week ?
5. John ______ (hear)
to go upstairs two hours ago.
6. -Who
______ (save)her father ?
-He ______
(save)by that policeman.
7. The doctor
______ (send for) because his grandpa was ill.
8. Mooncakes ______ (make) by his mother
every year. ______ your mother _____
(make)
mooncakes for you every year ?
9. Some
toys ______ (buy) as a presents for these children
last Monday.
10. _____ paper ______ (make)
of wood ?
三. Correct these sentences.
(改正下列句子)
1. This house built 100 years ago.
2. Football plays in most countries of the
world. ___________________
3. Why did the
letter send to the wrong address?
___________________
4. A garage is a place
where cars repair. ____________________
5.
Where are you born? ____________________
6.
How many languages are speaking in Switzerland?
_______________
7. Somebody broke into our
house but nothing stolen. _______________
8.
When was invented the bicycle?
____________________
四. 填空(完成被动语态填空)
1.
They often clean their classroom after school.
(改为被动语态)
Their classroom _____often ______
by them after school.
2. Li Lei gave Tom a
new pen last week. (同上)
A new pen _____
_______ _____ Tom last week.
3. A lot of
people in China can speak English now. (同上)
English ______ ____ ______ by a lot of people in
China now.
4. I have learned English for
about two years. (同上)
English ______
______ ______ for about two years.
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5. They
will publish these story-books next month. (同上)
These story-books _____ _____ _____ next
month.
一. 1-5 BCBAC
6-10 ACDBD
11-15 DBDAC 16-20 ABACD
二.
1. was sent 2. were grown , sold
3. will help 4. can be
borrowed
5. was heard 6. saved
, was saved
7. was sent for 8.
are made , Does …make
9. were bought
10. Is …made
三 2. Football is played in most …
3. Why was the letter sent to …
4.
where cars are repaired
5. Where were you
born ?
6. How many languages are spoken …
7. …but nothing was stolen.
8. When
was the bicycle invented ?
四. 1. is cleaned
2. was given by
3. Can be spoken
4. has been learned
5. will be publishe
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牛津英语8B Unit7 International
charities 课时练习
第1课时welcome to the unit
一、选词或句子填空。
A)UNICEF, Oxfam, ORBIS, World
Vision, World Wide Fund for Nature
1. works to
help blind people.
to protect the environment
and animal shelter.
3. works to fund
development projects in poor areas around the
world.
4. works to help people in poor
countries.
5. works to provide children with
basic food, health and educational needs.
B)
选用所给句子完成对话。
Kitty: I used to spend all my
pocket money on stickers. 1
Daniel: I
used to buy some story-books. Now, I try to save
some money to give to charities.
Kitty: 2
Daniel: ORBIS. 3 I think it is very sad
if you can't see anything. What about you?
Kitty: I often donate money to UNICEF. 4
Daniel: Sometimes I also donate money to it
with my classmate. 5
Kitty: Yes, let's
save our money to help the people in need.
A.
How about you? B. What do you think
of it?
C. Education is very important. D.
Because I want to help the poor children.
E.
Which is your favourite charity? F. Because it is
a charity that helps blind people.
二、单词填空。
1. I can’t walk any _________(更远).
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2. Children
in this poor area are in need of ___________
(教育).
3. What’s in your ___________ (口袋)?
Nothing, but some sweets.
4. Eric studies in
an _________ (国际的) school.
5. My
father is u_________ to the life in Nanjing, he
doesn’t want to return to Xi’an.
6. Mike, I
have some bread _________ (leave), Would you
like to have some?
7. I’m thirsty, let me
_________ (drink) some water.
8. The young
mother ________ _ (worry) so much about her sick
baby, that she couldn’t fall asleep at all.
9.
My father used to _________ (read) newspapers
while eating his breakfast.
10. Nancy
(collect) some information about ORBIS, hasn’t he?
第2课时 Reading (1)
一、根据英文注释,写出下列单词。
1. bthe state of not being able to see
2.
c make an illness or problem go away
3. p stop
something from happening
4. k all the
information and facts that one knows and
understands
5. o cut a person’s body open to
take out or repair a part
6. g feeling or
showing thanks
7. p pleased and
satisfied(自豪的)
8. c the fact of someone
having a disease or an injury (病历)
二、根据课文内容回答问题。
1. How many people does
blindness affect around the world ?Where are they
mostly from?
2. How many sick people can be
cured or prevented?
3. Why do many sick
people not receive medical treatment?
4.
Why do ORBIS doctors prefer to work on a plane?
5. How many operations did Dr Ma perform
during his last visit ?
6. Is it hard work for
him?
7. How do people feel about their work?
8. What does ORBIS need to carry on their
work? What can we do for them?
三、根据课文内容填空。
ORBIS is a c_________. The
ORBIS plane t_________ around the world . A lot of
people with eye p_________ come to the
ORBIS
plane. They can be c_________ without money.
Doctors can perform o_________ on them to
h_________ them see again.
So they are always
g_________ to the doctors. The doctors also use
the plane as a t_________________ centre. They
teach
l_________ doctors and nurses new
s_________ and k__________. They even can learn on
v_________. Then they can help
m_________
people in their a_________.
My uncle is an
ORBIS d_________. He w_________ on a plane. He
always f_________around the world, m_________ in
poor
countries. He operates on a lot of
p_________. He also t_________ some local doctors
and nurses. His work is h_________, but
he is
p_________ that he can help s_________ many people
.
第3课时 Reading (2)
一、根据首字母提示,完成下列句子。
1. The old man felt very p______ of her
son because he won the first prize.
2. I was
g________ to John for bringing the books to me.
3. There are so many p________ in the
hospital because of the cold weather.
4. You
should work hard to i_________ your study.
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5.
Blindness a_________ about 45 million people all
over the world.
6. I don’t have any p________
money with me.
7. By t________ local doctors
and nurses ,ORBIS hopes to help more people.
8. Alan is a m_________ student, he knows much
about m_______ and human body.
9. The good
news is that most c_____of blindness can be c_____
or p____ .
10. The doctor will
perform an o_______ on the man.
11. It’s
expensive to go to Australia by plane, I can’t
a_______ it.
uses a f eye hospital to visit
poor countries.
二、同义句改写。
1. ORBIS uses the
plane as a teaching plane. The plane _____ ______
_____ a teaching plane by ORBIS.
2. The doctor
operated on the girl last week.
The doctor
________ ________ ________ ________ the girl last
week.
3. He got up very late .He didn’t catch
the early bus.
He got up ________ ________
________ catch the early bus.
4 .The man was
rich. He could afford a new car. The man was
_______ ________ _______ buy a new car.
三、翻译句子。
1. 人们通过向希望工程捐款来帮助贫困地区的学校和学生
People helps schools and students in_______
________by _______ _________to_________
__________.
2.他没有足够的钱进行医疗诊治。
He doesn’t
have ________ money__________ __________
___________.
3 .Tom
过去经常上学迟到,但他现在到校比以前早,再也不迟到了
Tom ______ _______
_______ late for school, but now he comes ______
than before, he is never late now.
4.
李医生不习惯在飞机上工作。Doctor Li _______ _______ ________
________ on the plane.
5.
雨下得太大了,以致于人们不能继续在外面干活。
It rained ______
________ ________ people couldn’t ________
_______outside.
6. 有些同学总是花很多时间上网打游戏。
Some
students always ______ a lot of timegames on the
Internet.