初三英语(被动语态)

标准
课 题
教学目标
被动语态的考点解析
掌握被动语态的用法
教学容
【温故知新】

批注：我们见过很 多街头艺人，在大街上画出的立体画非常的逼真，很多人都会认为是真的，而从旁边绕过
去，所以我们被 欺骗啦！ We are cheated! 这样的表达，就是我们今天要讲的容——被动语态

【知识梳理】
知识点1：被动语态的基本知识
1. 语态：英语的语态是通过动词 的形式表现出来的，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，英语的动词有
两种语态形式，即主动语态和被 动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。如果主语是动作
的对象，谓语动词用被动语态 。
2. 主动语态与被动语态的转化：
①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；②将主动 语态的谓语动词改为“be＋过去分词”结构；③将主动
语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语 动词之后（有时可省略）。
例： We visited that factory last summer.
?
主动语态
文案

标准
主语 谓语 宾语 状语

That factory was visited by us last summer
?
被动语态
主语 谓语 宾语 状语
3. 用法：
被动语态常用于以下两种情况：
（1）不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者；
例：This cloth is made of cotton.
（2）强调动作的承受者。
例：Her bike is stolen .

知识点2：被动语态在各种时态下的构成
时态 结构 例句
We are taught English by her.由她教我们英语。
A present was given to me by Mary.玛丽给了我一件礼物。
一般现在时 amisare +过去分词
一般过去时 waswere+过去分词
一般将来时 willshallbe going to The desk will be mended by him.这桌子将由他修理。
be+过去分词
现在进行时 amisare +being + 过去
分词
过去进行时 waswere +being + 过去
分词
现在完成时 havehas been+过去分词
The talk was being given at this time yesterday.昨天这个时
在作报告。
The flowers have been watered.这些花已经被浇了。
The walls are being painted now.正在粉刷墙壁。
文案

标准
过去完成时 had been+过去分词 She said this lift had never been used.
过去将来时 wouldshouldbe going to The film would be shown again sometime next week. 这部电
be+过去分词
情态动词 情态动词+be+过去分词（其
时态及句型的变化 仅由情态
动词完成，过去分词部
分不变）
影下周的某个时候又将上映。
例1：Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。
例2：Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由
石头制造。（一般过去时）
例3：Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑
问句）
批注：这里可以跟学生一起回顾一下动词的原形、过去式和过去分词，避免混淆。


【例题精讲】
单选题

例1：(2012) — Our classroom____________every day.
— So it is. It's our duty to keep it clean and tidy.
A. cleans B. is cleaning C. is cleaned D. cleaning
解析：答案C。our cla ssroom做主语，很明显是“被打扫”，并且根据语境是一般现在时态，所以用一
般现在时态的被动 is cleaned。

例2：（2013）The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _________.
A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented
解析：答案D。考查动词时态和语 态。句意：自从手机发明后，它在很大程度上影响了人们的生活。根据句
意判断用一般过去时，手机与动 词invent在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
文案

标准

例3：（2013）It is said that an Asian Culture Village inside the AYG, Village in Nanjing in
the coming Asian Youth Games period.
A. builds B. is building C. will be built D. was built
解析：答案C。考查动词的被动语态用法。an Asian Culture Village(亚洲 文化村)与动作build构成被动
关系，所以应使用被动语态，故排除A、B项；又据句中in the coming Asian Youth Games period可
知为将来时间，所以选择答案C。

例4：（2013呼和浩特） People who ________ to the party are very excited.
A. have invited B. has been invited C. will invite D. have been invited
解析：答案D。考 查被动语态的用法。根据句意“已经被邀请去参加聚会的人非常激动。”可以判断须用现
在完成时的被动 语态。B和C选项为主动语态，但是动词invite没有宾语，故排除；而B选项中，has和
主语p eople不能搭配。所以选择答案D。

例5：（2013黄冈）—How often do I need to feed the dog?
— It ___ food every day, or it will be hungry.
A. must give B. must be give C. must be given D. must be gave
解析：答案C。考查情态动词的被动语态。 它每天必须被喂食，应用被动语态，其构成是be+过去分词，故
选C。

例6： The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.
A. has been designed B. had been designed C. was designed D. would be
designed
文案

标准
解析：答案B。根据“by the end of last month”，所以用过去完成时，又因为这座新桥是被设计的，
所 以综合来看，用过去完成时的被动语态。

例7：用括号动词的适当形式填空
_______________ (tell) the good news as soon as it arrived.
2.A lot of work __________________(do) for the poor kids in the past few years.
book ________________ (write) by the young girl several years ago.
the tickets __________(sell) out when we got to the cinema.
5.A new building __________(build) at our school now.
6.I don't believe you've already finished reading the book which ________(lend) to you this
morning！
解析：
1. 答案was told。首先根据“as soon as it arrived”，判断时态 是一般过去时，而句意是“她被告知这个
好消息”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
2. 答案has been done。由时间状语可知需要用现在完成时态，句意是“大量工作已经被做”，所以用被
动语态。
3. 答案was written。“several years ago”，可判断时态为一般过去时，“书是由一个年轻女孩所写”，应
用被动语态。
4. 答案had been sold。“在他们到达电影院的时候，票已经卖完了”，这里“到达”已经是过去时， 所以
票卖完了是在到达之前发生的，所以用过去完成时的被动语态。
5. 答案is being built。由now可知需用现在进行时态，新桥是“被建造”，所以用现在进行时态的被动
语态。
6. 答案 was lent。由this morning可知时态为一般过去时，而书“被借出”，用被动语态。
文案

标准

例8：把下列句子改为被动句
1. John drew a beautiful horse last week.
2. The children will sing an English song.
3. People use metal for making machines.
4. He asked me to do that for him.
5. They sold out the light green dresses.

答案：1. A beautiful horse was drawn by John last week.
2. A English song will be sung by the children.
3. Metal is used for making machines by people.
4. I was asked to do that for him.
5. The light green dresses were sold out by them.

例9：用括号所给动词的正确形式填空。
's said that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．
to have the meeting ______________ （discuss）now．
language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？
lost boy_____________（not find）so far．
year a large number of trees______________（cut）down．
解析：
1.答案will be built。根据后面的in two months可判 断时态为一般将来时，再根据主语是bridge，可
知桥是被建造的，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。
文案

标准
2.答案is being discussed。这里主语是疑问词引导的不定式做主语，谓语动词用三单形式， 再看最后的
时间状语是now，所以用现在进行时的被动语态“is being discussed”。
3. 答案is spoken。句意是“哪种语言在全世界最广泛的被说” ，这是一种常识性的是奇怪，所以用一般现
在时的被动语态。
4. 答案hasn’t been found。首先根据后面的“so far”，判断时态为现在完成时，再根据主语是单数，
可以判断用“hasn’t been found”。
5. 答案were cut。时间状语“last year”，可判断时态为一般过去时，主语是很多树，所以用were cut，
这里需要注意cut的原形、过去式和过去分词拼写是一样的。

例10：单选题
1. The decision about the price ______ in a few days. So they have to wait.（2013年白下区中考一模）
A. is made B. was made C. is being made D. will be made
解析：答案D。根据后面“in a few days”，判断是一般将来时。这个决定是“被做”，所以用一般将来
时的被动语态。
2. If city noises ____ from increasing，people will have to shout to be heard even at dinner．
A. are not kept B. are not keep C. do not keep D. do not kept
解析：答案A。这里首先是条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，所 以if从句里面用一般现在时态的被动。
3. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, ____and perfected now.
A. developed B. have developed
C. are being developed D. will have been developed
解析：答案C。句意是“第五代电脑正在发展和完善”，有 被动意思，而且有now这个时间状语，所以用
现在进行时态的被动语态。
4. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off．
文案

标准
--- Yes，it all depends on the weather．
A. I've been told B. I've told C. I'm told D. I told
解析：答案A。这 里说的是运动会这个消息，我是“被告知”的，所以用被动语态，所以排除B和D。再根
据句意，被告知 这个事情已经发生了，强调对现在所造成的影响，所以需要用现在完成时态。
5. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.
A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed
解析：答案D。这里也需遵循“主将 从现”原则，before引导的从句中需用一般现在时，所以用一般现在
时的被动语态。
6. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near
future.
A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut
解析：答案C。句意是“雨林正在以很快的速度被砍伐和焚烧”，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。
7. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.
A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been broken
解析：答案C。这里的意思是“当铅笔一端被放在一杯水里的时候，看起来就 好像被折断了”，又因为这里
涉及as if后面需要用虚拟语气，所以时态需比主句往后退一格，因此用过去时态的被动语态。

【举一反三】

知识点1：
①不及物动词不用于被动语态，如appear, rise, come out, happen, occur, lie, take place等不及物动词
不能用于被动语态。
例1：Great changes______________place. Many new schools ______________.
文案

标准
A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are open
C. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened
解析：答案A。因为take place没有被 动语态，所以排除C和D，又因后句中很多新学校开了，这里需要
被动，而且表示到现在为止已经开了， 所以用现在完成时态的被动语态。综合选择A。

例2：A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened D. was going to happen
解析：答案C。因为happen没有被动语态， 所以排除A和B。又有yesterday，可判断时态是一般过去
时，所以选C。

②表状态动词不用于被动语态，常见的有：hold, have, cost, contain, become, look like等
例1：这本书花了我20元。（用cost翻译）
__________________________________________________ __
解析：答案The book cost me 20 yuan。因为主语是书，很可能有的同学会写成“The book was cost
20 yuan.” 可是cost这里表状态，不用于被动态。

例2：That suit __ over 60 dollars.
A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost
解析：答案 D。因为cost这个词不需要用被动语态，所以这里的主语是单数，可以用costs（一般现在时）
或cost（一般过去时），根据选项，只能选D。


知识点2：主动形式表被动意义。
1）某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义。如：look, smell, taste, feel, prove, wear, sound
文案

标准
等
例：Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.她的卧室看起来非常干净和整洁。
2)某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。
例：The conversation is hard to understand.对这话很难理解。
The fish is not easy to fish.鱼不容易钓。
The passage is difficult to read.这段文章很难读懂。
3)动名词的主动形式表示被动语态。如：need, require, worth等，并且可相互转化，如need doing = need
to be done。
例：The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。
The children need looking after.孩子们需要照看。
4)write, sell, wash和read和副词连用，主动语态表被动意义。
例：The pen writes smoothly. 这笔写起来很顺手。
The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。
例1：--- Do you like the material?
--- Yes, it ___ very soft.
A . is feeling B . felt C . feels D . is felt
解析：答案C。这道题首先根据选项看出考查的是feel 的用法，它属于系动词，无被动，无进行时，所以
排除 A，D，然后根据前一句话的时态确定选择C。

例2：It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．
A. write B. to write C. to be written D. written
解析：答案B。作表语的形容词difficult后不定式to write主动形式表示被动意义。

例3：The composition doesn’t____any more.
A. need to be correcting B. need to be corrected
C. need be corrected D. need be correcting
解析：答案B。因为need doing sth = need to be done，这里只有B正确，如果变成need doing sth，
文案

标准
可以换成need correcting。

例4：--- What do you think of the book?
---Oh, excellent. It's worth ___ a second time.
A . to read B . to be read C . reading D . being read
解析：答案C。本题通过后面的回答可以很明显看出是be worth的考点，首先后面接doing，然后根据它
的主动表被动的特点，排除D。

例5：The kind of cloth ________ well.
washed washing
解析：答案C。本题的考点是w ash后接副词，表示耐洗，主动形式表被动语态，因为cloth不可数，所以
谓语动词用三单形式。

知识点3：及物动词后跟双宾语的句子，被动语态有两种。
常见的有：
主动语态
bring sb. sth. 把某物带给某人
lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人
offer sb. sth. 将某物给某人
pass sb. sth. 把某物递给某人
pay sb. sth. 付给某人某物（钱）
send sb. sth.把某物送给某人
sell sb. sth.把某物卖给某人
show sb. sth. 拿某物给某人看
teach sb. sth. 教某人某物
tell sb. sth.告诉某人某情况
buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物
被动语态
sb be brought sth sth be brought to sb
sb be lent sth sth be lent to sb
sb be offered sth sth be offered to sb
sb be passed sth sth be passed to sb
sb be paid sth sth be paid to sb
sb be sent sth sth be sent to sb
sb be sold sth sth be sold to sb
sb be shown sth sth be shown to sb
sb be taught sth sth be taught to sb
sb be told sth sth be told to sb
sb be bought sth sth be bought for sb
文案

标准
make sb. sth.为某人制作某物


例1：同义句转换
sb be made sth sth be made for sb
My parents gives me a birthday present every year! （变被动语态，两种表达）
____________ __________________________________________________ ______
_______________________________________ _____________________________
解析：答案I am given a birthday present by my parents every year. A birthday present is given
to me by my parents every year. 分别把宾语me和a birthday作为主语。

例2：He told us a story．（变被动语态，两种表达）
_________________ __________________________________________________ __
___________________________________________ __________________________
解析：答案We were told a story（by him）或A story was told to us by him．分别以we和a story
做主语，主语谓语动词的形式以及时态。

知识点4：感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice及使役动词let, make, have等，动词后省略to不定式，
变为被动语态时，应加上不定式符合to.
例：I always see the boys play in the park. (变成被动语态)
The boys are always seen to play by me in the park.
例1：He was made ___ a lot of work.
A. do B. to do C. did D. doing
解析：答案B。make的用法是make sb do sth，在被动的情况下，需把省略的不定式to还原。所以被
动形式为be made to do sth。

例2：He was seen something from the shop .
文案

标准
A. steal B. to steal C. to be stolen D. stealed
解析：答案B。see的用法，see sb do sth和see sb doing sth，被动态是sb be seen to do sth和sb
be seen doing sth，所以根据选项来看，这里选择B。

知识点5：一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词 短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。

例：We can't laugh at him. →He can't be laughed at by us.
例1：翻译
1. 从来没有听说过这件事情。
________________ _______________________________________
2. 我妹妹由奶奶照顾的很好。
_________________________________ ______________________
答案：1. Such a thing has never been heard of before.
2. My sister will be taken care of by Grandma.

例2：单选题
1. I think much attention ____your pronunciation.
A. must be paid to B. ought to paid to C. must pay to D. should be paid
解析：答案A。首先attention作主语，后面需接被动语态，所以先排除B和C。又因为pay attention to
这个动词短语，在被动语态时，后面的to不可以丢掉，所以选A。

2. Our teacher ______ carefully.
A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened
解析：答案A。首先our teacher作主语，后面表示“被听”，需接被动语态，又因为是单数 ，所以先排除
C。又因为listen to这个动词短语，在被动语态时，后面的to不可以丢掉，所以选A。

文案

标准
【课堂总结】
我的收获：

1、
2、
我的疑惑：
1、
2、

【课后作业】

一：选择题
( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?
A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did build
( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened
( )（棉花） ____ in the southeast of China.
A. is grown B. are grown C. grows
( ) far, the moon ____ by man already.
A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited
D. grow
( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.
A. is given B. has been given
( ) many trees ____ this year?
A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted
C. will be given D. gives
( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.
A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done
( )8.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.
D. will be done
文案

标准
A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used
( ) Great Wall ____ all over the world.
D. are; used
A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known
( ) _____ this book _____?
A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written

Keys:1. B 2. D 3.A 4. C 5. C 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10. B

二：用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.
The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
2. The old man is ill. He must______ (send) to the hospital.
3. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.
4. What _______ knives ______ (make) of ?
They_______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood.
5. Can the magazine ________ (take) out of the library?
6. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.
7. The stars can’t _____________ (see) in the daytime.
8. Some flowers _______________ (water) by Li Ming already.
9. This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well.
10. The whole mountain _________ (cover) by the snow.


Keys: told 2. be sent 3. are sold ； made , are made 5. be taken
5. is cleaned seen 8. have been watered 9. sells 10. is covered
三、句子翻译
文案

标准
1. 残疾人不应被轻视。
2. 这些孩子被照顾的很好。
3. 安全的重要性必须被关注。
4. 这个问题将会被讨论。
答案：1. The disabled shouldn’t be looked down upon.
2. The children are taken good care of.
3. The importance of the safety must be paid attention to.
4. The question will be talked about later.

四、用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空
1 English _____(speak)all over the world.
2 The song ______(write) by him 2 yeas ago.
3 The pictures_____(take) by him tomorrow.
4 The film _____(show) here twice.
5 The computer _____(can use ) in the room.
6 The article _______(translate) into many languages since it was published.
7 The room ______(paint) now.
8 That clock ______(call) Big Ben.
9 Last week I ____(ask) about English culture.
food _____________ (smell) delicious.

答案： spoken written be taken been shown be used
been translated being painted called asked
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五、单项选择
（ ）1. Good books ____ again and again.
A. should be readed B. should be read C. must read D. ought to read
（ ）2. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked
（ ）3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.
A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listened
C. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen
（ ）4. When____ the accident _____ ?
A. was, happen B. did, happen C. is, happen D. was, happened
（ ）5. The question ____ by us soon.
A. is going to discuss B. will discuss
C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed
（ ）6. The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built
（ ）7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up
（ ）8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.
A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been
finished
（ ）9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.
A. is…grown B. is…grew C. was…grew D. was…grown
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（ ）10. He ____ by the teachers.
A. is always praised B. praises C. have been praised D. always is praised
（ ）11. The sports meeting ________ held until next week.
A. didn’t be B. won’t be C. isn’t D. doesn’t
（ ）12. The picture______ in October, 1996.
A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken
（ ）13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ .
A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired
（ ）14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.
A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing
（ ）15. The war______ in 1941.
A. broke out B. had been broken out
C. was broken out D. had broken out
（ ）16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapor(蒸汽).
A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats
（ ）17. We can't enter the room because its door______ .
A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking
（ ）18. They ______day and night.
A. are made work B. are made to work C. made to be worked D. are making to
work
（ ）19. Chang'an Road is ______of people.
A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled
（ ）20. Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries.
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A. was sent up B. is sent up C. have been sent up D. has been sent up
（ ）21. This English song _____ often _____ by the children.
A. is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung
（ ） windows of our house _____once a week.
A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned
（ ）23. When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ?
A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found
（ ）24. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.
A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended
（ ）25. Your exercise books _____ after class.
A. will hand in B. must hand in C. handed in D. must be handed
in
（ ）26. Some trees may ______ at other times of the year.
A. be planted B. plant C. are planted D. will be planted
（ ）27. The sun _____ at night as usual.
A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't see
（ ）28. A new English play _____ there next week.
A. will put on B. will be put on C. is going to put on D. will be putted on
（ ）29. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened D. was going to
happen
（ ）30. The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning.
A. broke, is broken B. is broken, was broken
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C. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken

答案：1-5 BCDBC 6-10 BBAAA 11-15 BCDAA 16-20 ACBCC 21-25 BDBCD
26-30 ACBCB

















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