catalog-考研调剂是怎么回事
英语被动语态练习题含答案及解析
一、单项选择被动语态
1
.
It’s reported that China will not
buy the Euro debt until some thorough research
.
A
.
has been done
C
.
will be done
【答案】
A
【解析】
试题分析:考查时态及语态。句意:据报道,直到一些彻底的调查研究被做
出以后,中国
才会买进欧盟债务,含有
not ..until
的状语从句,主句一般
将来,从句表示已经做过研究之
后,所以用完成时表示,研究与做之间又是被动关系,由此综合两者,<
br>A
正确。
考点:考查时态及语态
B
.
will have been done
D
.
had been done
2
.
It is the third time so far that
such a festival ________ in my hometown.
A
.
is held
C
.
will be held
【答案】
B
【解析】
试题分析:考查句式用法。
This is the first (second,
third…) time +that
从句,这是第一(二,
三
…
)次…
。一般来说,
This is the first (second,
third…) time +that
从句,这个句式中
that
从
句使用
现在完成时,但是这个句子中,
so far
距今为止,表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动,还没有举办,要用将来时。故选
C
。
考点
:
考查句式用法
B
.
has been held
D
.
had been held
3
.
Mr. Wills, who was being helped up
onto the platform to take the prize, looked as if
he by
lightning.
A
.
was just
struck B
.
were just struck
C
.
would just be struck
D
.
had just been struck
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查
过去完成时态的被动语态。句意:威尔斯先生被扶上了讲台,接受了这个奖项,他看
起来就像是被闪电击
中了一样。此处
as if
(好像)引导方式状语从句,用虚拟语气,与过
去的事实相
反,用过去完成时态,且主语
he
和
strike
之间是被动关系,故答案为
D
。
4
.
—Have you heard
of yesterday's gas explosion?
—Yes. Only
two of the 35 miners at the scene ________ to have
made it out safely.
A
.
have thought
B
.
are thought
C
.
had
thought D
.
were thought
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意:
——
你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗
?——
是的,
在现场的
35
名矿工
中,只有两名被认为安全获救。此处指现在只有
2
个人被认为安全获救,用一般现在时的
被动语态,故选
B.
5
.
It's great that all the visitors who
on the island were saved.
A
.
trapped
C
.
had trapped
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和被动语态。句意:所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了,这真是太棒了。由
were <
br>saved
可知此事发生在过去,且被困应在被救之前,应用过去完成时;同时,
vis
itors
和
trap
构成被动关系,应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故
D<
br>选项正确。
B
.
have been trapped
D
.
had been trapped
6
.
8 students and 2 teachers at
Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed
with a
shotgun and a pistol. This is one of
the many gun-related tragedies that have happened
in the last
2 years.
A
.
killed
B
.
were killed
C
.
have
killed D
.
have been killed
【答案】
B
【解析】考查被动语态。句意:在圣塔菲高中,一名
1
7
岁的学生手持猎枪和一把手枪,在
圣塔菲高中杀害了
8
名学生和
2
名教师。
8 students and 2 teachers
是句子主语,复数形
式,和
kill
之间是被动关系,再根据
in the last 2 ye
ars.
可知这是最近两年发生的与枪有关的
事故之一,可知这是在讲过去的事情,所以句子用
一般过去时态的被动语态,故答案为
B
。
7
.
It was the natural disaster, rather
than human errors, that ________ for the death of
so many
innocent people.
A
.
are
blamed
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致以及
be to blame
的用法。句意:是自然灾害,而不是人为错
误,应对这么多
无辜人类的死亡负责。
be to blame for…
表示
“
应受责备,应对
……
负责
”
时,固定短语,因此
排除<
br>A
、
C
项;这里强调主语
the natural
disaster
,是一个强调句,谓语动词应与主语保持
一致,即与
the
natural disaster
保持一致,因此用
was to
blame
,故选
B
项。
B
.
was to
blame C
.
was blamed D
.
were to
blame
8
.
The headmaster
in our school hopes that we will be more ambitious
when we graduate than
when we ________
admitted.
A
.
will get
C
.
got
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查语态。句意:我们校长希望我们在毕业的时候比入学的时候更有雄心壮
志。从句中主
语
we
和动词
admit
是被动关系,入学发生在过去
,此处用一般过去时的被动语态;
got
在
此相当于
were
,故选
C
。
B
.
get
D
.
have got
9
.
A
new function of China’s official train ticket
booking website ______to boost buyers’ chances
of obtaining a ticket during the upcoming
Spring Festival travel rush.
A
.
will be expected
B
.
expects C
.
has been expected
D
.
is expected
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意:中国火车票预订官网的一项
新功能有望在即将到来的春运期间增加购票
机会。
be expected to do
表示
“
有望
……”
,常用于一般现在时,故
D
项正确。<
br>
10
.
—I wonder why Robert
hasn’t shown up at the interview yet. It’s a pity
if he missed
—I’m not sure, but he _______
in a traffic jam riding here.
A
.
could stuck
C
.
must have
stuck
【答案】
D
【解析】
考查含情态动词的被
动语态。上句:我想知道为什么罗伯特面试还没有出现。如果他错过
了很可惜。下句:我不确定,但是他
可能被困于交通堵塞。此处表示对过去已经发生事情
的推测应该用情态动词的完成式,根据句意可知是被
动,故答案为
D
。
B
.
should
stuck
D
.
might have been stuck
11
.
The way the guests ___ in the
hotel influenced their evaluation of the
service.
A
.
treated
B
.
were treated
C
.
would
treat
D
.
would be treated
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和语态的用法。句意:在旅馆里客人被对待的方式影响他们对服务的评价。
the
guests ___ in the
hotel
是定语从句
U
,修饰
The
way
,
treat
是从句的谓语动词,
The guests
与
treat
之间是被动的关系,并且动作已经发生,所以用一般过去时的被动形式。故选
B
。
12
.
When I got to his
house, I found that the walls _____ .
A
.
are being painted B
.
are
painting
C
.
were being painted
D
.
were painting
【答案】
C
【解析】考查过去进行时态的被动语态。句意:当我到达他家的时候,我发现墙正在被粉
刷。根据句意可
知用过去进行时态的被动语态,故选
C
。
13
.
—It’s so humid these days!
—Don’t worry! The rain ________ to stop from
tomorrow.
A
.
will expect
B
.
expects
C
.
will be
expected D
.
is expected
【答案】
D
【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意:
——
这
些日子天气潮湿。
——
不要担心!这场雨预
计明天就会停止。根据语境,
“e
xpect”
表示现在发生的事情,用一般现在时,
“
停止
”
的动作
发生在明天,且主语
The
rain
与
expect
之间是被动关系。故选
D
。
14
.
Many artifacts ________ for
the first time in the National Museum at
present.
A
.
were exhibited
B
.
were being exhibited
C
.
are being exhibited D
.
are
exhibited
【答案】
C
【解析】考查动词时态与语态。
句意:许多史前古器物目前正在国家博物馆首次展出。根
据时间状语
“at present”
可知,句子描述现在正在进行的动作,主语
artifacts
与谓语
exh
ibit
之间是被动关系,故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选
C
。
15
.
Now the world’s attention ________
the stocking markets, as they have great influence
on
the world’s economy.
A
.
is
fixing on B
.
is being fixed on
C
.
has fixed on D
.
had been
fixed on
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时态语态。句意:现
在世界关注的焦点都在股票市场上,因为它们对世界经
济已经产生了很大的影响。
atten
tion
与
focus
之间为被动关系,
Now
提示用现在进行时。
16
.
At the awarding ceremony
held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by
what ______ in
science and technology.
A
.
has discovered B
.
has been
discovered
C
.
had discovered
D
.
had been discovered
【答案】
D
【解析】句意:在东京举行的颁奖仪式上,科学家们惊讶于科学
技术的发现。科学家们感
到惊讶是过去式,故科学技术发现用过去完成时,
what
于
动词
discover
是被动关系,故选
D
。
17
.
—The manager has come back from his
business trip. He is asking you for the
report.
— Oh
,
my god ! I haven’t
finished it yet. But he ________ back at the
company tomorrow.
A
.
was expected
C
.
expected
【答案】
A
【解析】
试题分析:考查时态和语态。句意:
——
经理出差回来了
。他正在问你要报告。
——
哦,
天哪,我还没完成呢。但是本来预计他明天回公司。根
据语境,是过去预料他明天会回
来,而且经理是被预计,故用一般过去时的被动。故选
A
。
【名师点睛】时态的考查要根据本句的句意,这句话一定要根据上下文判断动作发生的时
间,要细心体会语境。还要注意时态语态。
考点:考查时态和语态
B
.
will expect
D
.
will
be expected
18
.
The affairs of
each country should be by its own
people.
A
.
elected
B
.
settled
C
.
developed
D
.
contained
【答案】
B
【解析】
考查动词。句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知,选
settle
,
意为
“
解决
”
。
elect
选举;
develo
p
发展;
contain
包含,控制。故选
B
。
19
.一
When shall we start the
restoration of the historic buildings?
一
Not until our plan________ by the
committee
.
A
.
will be approved
C
.
is to approve
【答案】
D
【解析】
这题考查时态语态,
our plan
和
app
rove
是被动关系,用被动,选择
A
或
D
。
A
项
是一般将
来时,
not until
引导的是时间状语从句,不能用将来时,可以用一
般现在时或现在完成
时,选
D
。
B
.
approves
D
.
has been
approved
20
.
––Are the repairs
finished yet?
––Yes, they ______ when I
came back home.
A
.
would be
completed B
.
would complete
C
.
had completed
D
.
had been completed
【答案】
D
【解析】考查被动语态。上句:修理被完成了吗?下句:是的,当我回到家的时候它们已
经被完
成。根据句意可知句子用过去完成时态的被动语态,故选
D
。
21
.
The Palace Museum has put on many
attractions since it ___________ in 2017.
A
.
had been rebuilt
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意:自从
20
17
年重新修缮,故宫博物院内部已经增加了许多景点。
分析语境可知,重新修缮是过去某个具
体时间点(
2017
年)发生的事情,应用一般过去
时;此处也可用固定句型
havehas done since…
来理解,该句型中主句用完成时,
since
引
导的从句使用一般过去时;故宫博物院是
“
被
”
相关人员修缮,
应使用被动语态,
was rebuilt
符合题意,故选
B
。
B
.
was rebuilt C
.
had rebuilt
D
.
rebuilt
22
.
—I saw
your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t
you drive him there?
—I __________. But
my car ___________ .
A
.
would; was
fixed
C
.
would have; was being fixed
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查
虚拟语气和动词时态。句意:
---
我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送
他去那里呢?
---
我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示
本来想做但是没有做的事情,应该用
would have done
;而修理汽车是
指当他叔叔去机场的
时候,表示过去正在进行的动作,故答案选
C
。
B
.
would have; was fixed
D
.
did; was being fixed
23
.
—Mum, is the pair of gloves
________ mine?
—Yes. You have to wear
another pair.
A
.
washing
C
.
being washed
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意:
——
妈妈
,这双正洗的手套是我的吗?
——
是的。你不得不带另一双
了。根据下文可知,手套是
正在被洗,用现在进行时的被动,故选
C
。
B
.
have
washed
D
.
having washed
24
.
The accident which left 15 people
on board dead ________ if both the angry female
passenger and the bus driver had kept
calm.
A
.
should have avoided
C
.
could have avoided
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查
“
情态动词
+
完成式
”
。句意:如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静,这起导致
15人
死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。
could have
done“
本来能做而没有做
”
,且句子主语
The
accide
nt
和谓语动词
avoid
之间是被动关系,结合句意可知答案为
D
。
【点睛】
情态动词
+ have
done
结构:
1.“must + have +
过去分词
”
表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只
用于肯定句。如:
It
must have rained last night,for the ground is
wet.
2.“can could + have +
过去分词
”<
br>表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。
can
和
could
一般用于否定句和疑问句,
could
的语气较
can
弱。如:
He
can't have finished the work so soon.
3.“may might + have +
过去分词
”
表示对已发生
的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,
might
的语气比
may
弱一点。
这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用
can
或
could
。如:<
br>They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“need + have +
过去分词
”
表示过去做了不必做或不需
要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多
余。如:
I needn't have bought
so much wine—only five people came.
5.“should ought to + have +
过去分词
”
表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该
做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to
的语气比
should
强一些。如:
You
ought to should have studied harder.
你本应该更努力学习的
.
(但没有)
He oughtn't
to shouldn't have done that.
他本来就不该做那件事
.
(可是做了)
6.“would
+
have
+
过去分词
”
表示对过去的某种
情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种
原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用
sho
uld
或
ought to
那样含有责备之意。
如:
I
guess the poet would have been about twenty when
she wrote her first poem.
Another worker
wouldn't have acted like that.
B
.
should be avoided
D
.
could have been avoided
25
.
Every year a flood of farmers
arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs
they_____
before leaving their hometowns.
A
.
promised
C
.
have promised
【答案】
D
【解析】
句意为:每年大量农民工涌入深圳
,去寻找他们离乡前别人给他们许诺的挣钱的工作。此
处农民工是
“
被许诺工作
”
,需用被动语态,故排除
A
和
C
两项;
B
项仅
表一般过去时的被
动;
D
项表示
“
已经被许诺
”
,
故选
D
。
B
.
were promised
D
.
have been promised
26
.
–The pine tree in front of the
lecture hall is so tall.
–Yes. It ______
nearly 20 metres.
A
.
measures
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查
动词时态及语态。句意:
——
演讲厅前面的松树好高啊。
——
是的。它近20
米。
measure
此处意为
“
测量,量起来
……
”
,为不及物动词,后接量的结果,不用于被动语态或
进行时态。此处为描述客观事实用一般现
在时,且主语为
it
,谓语动词需用第三人称单数
形式。故选
A
。<
br>
B
.
is measured C
.
will
measure D
.
is measuring
27
.
Neither Mary nor her parents
________ of the exciting news, which surprises us
a lot.
A
.
has informed
C
.
has been informed
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致及语态。句意:玛丽和她的父母
都没被告知这个令人兴奋的消息,这让我们
很吃惊。根据句意可知,此处使用被动语态;
nei
ther…nor
(既不,也不)有就近原则,只
看离谓语动词最近的主语,这里
he
r parents
是复数,且是被告知,所以用
have been
informed
,故选
D
项。
【点睛】
本题考查就近原则。就近原则是指谓语动词的形式和离它最近的主语保持一致。英语中常
见的就近原
则的词或者短语有:
not…but…, or, either…or…,
neither…nor…, not only…but also…,
there
be
句型,
whether…or…
,例如:
There is
an apple and two bananas.
这有一个苹果和两根香蕉。
Not only you but also your father likes
fishing.
不仅你,而且你爸爸也喜欢钓鱼。
B
.
have
informed
D
.
have been informed
28
.
I saw Jack in the lift this
morning. He
around here for a long
time.
A
.
won't be seen
C
.
hasn't been seen
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意:今天早
上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近
露面了。根据
this
morning
可知,这是过去的事情;再根据
for a long time
可知
,此空是更
靠前的动作,且句子主语
He
和
see
之间是一种被动关
系,所以用过去完成时态,故选
D
。
B
.
wasn't
seen
D
.
hadn't been seen
29
.
To my ________
,
he
was not a little ________ at the news that he had
won the first prize
in the English speech
contest, for he thought that he didn't perform so
well.
A
.
astonishment
;
astonishing
B
.
astonished
;
astonishing
C
.
astonishment
;
astonished
D
.
astonish
;
astonishment
【答案】
C
【解析】
考查
astonish<
br>相关短语的用法。使我惊讶的是
,
他对这个消息并不感到惊讶
.to
one's
astonishment“
使某人感到惊讶的是
”
;
be
astonished at
sth.“
对某事感到惊讶
”
。故选
C.
30
.
The letters for the boss___________
on his desk but he didn’t read them until 3 days
later.
A
.
were put
【答案】
A
【解析】
【分析】
B
.
was put C
.
put D
.
has
put
【详解】
考查被动语态。句意:
给老板的那些信放在他的办公桌上,但是直到三天以后他才读了那
些信。
letter“
信件
”
和
put“
放
”
之间是被动的关系,所以排除C
和
D
,然后因为
letters
是复
数,谓语动词用
were put,
故选
A
。
31
.
People believe that the China Dream
is not very difficult ________ so long as the
whole
nation works hard for it.
A
.
realizing
C
.
realized
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查固定句型和语态。句意:人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。
be
difficult
to do
结构中,若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系,那么该不定式
习惯上要用主动形式表示
被动意义。如:
She was difficult to
understand at times.
有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结
构的形容词主要有
convenient,
dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible,
interesting, nice,
pleasant, safe, unpleasant<
br>等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。
故选
D
。
B
.
to be realized
D
.
to realize
32
.
In the 1980s in this village, there
were only muddy roads to the outside, and concrete
ones
________ yet.
A
.
haven’t built
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词时态及语态。句意:在
20
世纪
80
年代,这个村庄只有泥泞的道路通往外面,混
凝土的道路还没有建成
。根据语境可知,
“
混凝土的道路还没有建
”
表示的动作发生在
“t
here
were only muddy roads”
这一过去的动作之前,属于
“
过去的过去
”
,应使用过去完成时;
build
与
co
ncrete ones
是逻辑动宾关系,应使用被动语态。故选
D
。
B
.
haven’t been built C
.
hadn’t
built D
.
hadn’t been built
33
.
A number of foreigners______ to
watch the 70
th
anniversary of the founding
of the PRC on
Oct.1
A
.
Attracted
C
.
was
attracted
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意:
10
月
1
日
,一些外国人被吸引来观看中华人民共和国成立
70
周年纪念活动。分析句子可知,
a
ttract
是谓语动词,由时间状语
on Oct.1
可知,用一般过
去时
,主语
foreigners
与
attract
是被动关系,故用一般过去时
的被动语态,且主语
foreigners
是复数,故选
D
。
B
.
have attracted
D
.
were attracted
34
.
—Do you like the mobile game
Traveling Frog?
—Yes, the posts about the
virtual green frog ________ over 4 million
times.
A
.
have read
C
.
would be read
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意:
——
你喜欢手机游戏旅行青蛙吗?
——
是的,关于虚拟绿蛙的帖
子已经被阅读了
400
多万次。
The posts
和
read
是被动关系,用被动
语态,
“
已经被阅读过
了
”
用完成时态,故选
B
。
B
.
have been read
D
.
are reading
35
.
This kind of cloth_______well and
large quantities of the cloth ________.
A
.
is sold
;
have been sold
C
.
sells
;
have been sold
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
B
.
is sold; has been sold
D
.
sells has been sold
考查动词的时态语态。句意:这种布销路很好,已售出大量。
sellwashburn
等词在表示事
物的状态、特点时,可以用主动表被动,因此第一个空应选
sells
;第二空表示
“
出售,卖
”
的动作,用被动语态,且强调对现在的影
响应该用现在完成时态,故正确答案为
C
。
36
.
It was announced that only when the
fire was under control __________to return to
their
homes.
A
.
the residents
would be permitted
B
.
had the
residents been permitted
C
.
would
the residents be permitted
D
.
the
residents had been permitted
【答案】
C
【解析】
句意:通报说,只有火势得到控制了居民们才被允许回家。这里
I
t
是形式主语,真正的主
语是
that
引导的从句;
that
引导的主语从句中,"
only+
状语从句"位于句首,状语从句对
应的主句要用倒
装语序,且此处表示过去将来,故选
C
。
37
.
in a red dress, she was easy
to in the big crowd at the airport.
A
.
Being dressed; pick out
C
.
Dressed; be picked out
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查
过去分词和动词短语。句意:因为她穿着红色的裙子,所以在机场的人群中很容易被
认出来。
b
e dressed
in
穿着
……
,作状语表状态,故用
dressed
。
sb
be easy to do sth
主动形
式表达被动意思,所以用
pick
out
。故
B
选项正确。
【点睛】
主动形式表被动意义的不定式
1.
主语+
be +adj.
+to do
。
能用于此句型的形容词有
: difficult,
easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant,
tiresome(
使人疲劳的
),
interesting, nice,
heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.
注意:当上述
形容词在句中作宾语补
足语,后接不定式时,不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。
2.
主语
+be +adj. + enough +to do
。
3.
主语
+be +too +adj. +to do
。
4.
不定式短语作后置定语时,如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主
动形式表被动概念。
I have a meeting to attend
today.
be
句型中,用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。
6.
在
“
疑问代词
+
不定式
”
结构中。
, to blame, to
seek
等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。
B
.
Dressed;
pick out
D
.
Having dressed; pick
out
8. with+O.+to do
结构中,不定式作宾补时,常用主动表被动,且表将要发生的动作。
分析句子可知,
sb be easy to do
sth
主动形式表达被动含义,符合第一点用法。所以用
pick
out
。故
B
选项正确
38
.
Are you going to attend the meeting
________ next Saturday?
A
.
holding
B
.
hold
C
.
to hold
D
.
to be held
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语。
句意:你要参加下星期六举行的会议吗
?
根据
next
Saturday
可知,事情还未发生,
the meeting
和
hold
之间是一种被动关系,所以用动词
不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语,且表示将来。故选
D
。
39
.
I want to buy that
kind of cloth because I ______ the cloth ______
well.
A
.
have told
;
washes
C
.
was told
;
washed
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查
语态时态。句意:因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗,于是我想去买这种布。第一空
中使用现在完成时表
示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,且
I
与
tell
是被动关系,所以使用现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词
wash
与副词
well
连用,用
主动形式表示被动含
义。故
B
项正确。
【点睛】
小题
2
中考查了主动表示被动的用法,涉及
“
主语
+
不及
物动词
+
主语补语
”
句型中的一些不
及物动词使用主动表示被动的用
法。具体用法如下:
1)
系动词没有被动形式
,
但有些系动词常表
示被动意义。常见的有
taste(
吃起来
), sound
(
听
起来
), prove(
证明是
),
feel(
摸上去感到
)
等
,
例如
:
Your reason sounds reasonable.
你的理由听起来很合理。
Good medicine
tastes bitter to the mouth.
良药苦口。
2)
一些与
can't(
不能
)
或
won't(
不会<
br>)
连用的动词。常用的有
: lock(
锁住
),
shut(
关上
) , open
(打开,营业)
,
close
(关门)
, cut
(切割)
,
weigh
(重)
, act
(上演)
,
例如
:
The door won't open.
这门打不开。
It can't move.
它不能动。
This shop
opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone
weighs 2 tons.
3)
一些与
well(
很
),
easily(
容易地
),
perfectly(
十分地
)
等连用的动词
,
如
:
sell, wash, clean,
burn, cook, wash, write,
last, read, wear
等。这种
“
动词
+
副词
”
结构,常表示事物内部特有
的属性。例如
:
The
book sells well.
这种书很畅销。
B
.
have been told
;
washes
D
.
have been told
;
is washed
These clothes wash well.
这些衣服很耐洗。
4)
用在
“
主语
+
不及物动词
+
主语补语
”
句型中的一些不及物动词
,
例如
:This material has worn thin.
这料子已磨薄了。
The dust has blown
into the house.
灰尘被风吹进了房子。
This
kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.
The
pen
my
father
gave
me
as
a
birthday
gift
writes
smoothly.
Written in
simple English, this article reads easily.
5)
某些不及物动词,如
happen, occur,
cost
以及短语,如
come out
(出版)
, come
up
(出现)
, come into being
(产生)
come to one’s mind
(想起)
, turn
out
(证明是)
,
come about
(发生)
,
break out
(爆发)
, belong
to
(属于)等,本身表被动含义,所以
它们常用主动形式。
The
first textbooks written for teaching English as a
foreign language came out in the
18th century.
Suddenly an idea came to his mind.
It never occurred to me to phone you.
40
.
The coach, together with his
players, __________ to the party held last Friday
night, aiming
to celebrate their win in the
match.
A
.
was invited
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查
主谓一致与一般过去时的被动语态。句意:这个教练,和他的队员一起,被邀请去参
加上周五晚上举行的
聚会,目的是庆祝他们赢得比赛。根据句中的
“last Friday night
(上周<
br>五晚上)
”
可知,这句话应使用一般过去时。句子主语为
The
coach
,为第三人称单数形
式,
“together
with…”
介词词组作主语的伴随状语,不能算作主语,所以谓语动词应与
The
coach
保持一致。故选
A
。
【点睛】
主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与它的主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。简单来讲,即在英
语组词成句
的过程中,主语的人称、数、格发生了变化,谓语也必须跟着变化,保证主语
和谓语之间关系的协调一致
。在英语语法中,这属于基本的知识点。主谓一致要遵循三个
原则,语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近
一致原则。其中语法一致原则指的是主语是单
数形式,谓语动词也用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动
词也是复数形式。当
than
,
with
,
as well
as
,
along with
,
together
with
,
like
,
rather than
,
exce
pt
,
not
,
but
,
including
,<
br>plus
,
besides
,
in addition to
等加名词或代词结构在主语后面时,谓语不受这些
短语影响,须和其前的主语一致。这属于语法一致原则
中的一种情况。例如本题中使用了
together
with
结构,所以句子的谓语动词与主语
the coach
保持一致。
B
.
were invited C
.
has been
invited D
.
have been invited