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高考英语被动语态练习题及答案
一、单项选择被动语态
1
.
— Did he decide to take part in the
competition?
— Yes, of course. He _____
to.
A
.
has been encouraging
B
.
had been encouraged
C
.
has been encouraged D
.
was
to be encouraged
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时
态和语态。句意:
——
他决定参加比赛吗?
——
是的,当然。他已经被鼓励参加比赛。根据
he
和动词
encourage
之间的逻辑关系分析,
此处应该使用被动形式,故
先排除
A
项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析,
此处应该使用过去完成时态的
被动语态。故选
B
。
2
.
Our teacher keeps telling us that
the future to the well-educated.
A
.
belonging
【答案】
B
【解析】
考查短语:
belong to
属于,没有进行时态没有被动语态。故答案选
B
。
B
.
belongs C
.
is belonging
D
.
is belonged
3
.
A
rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists
who ________ in the mountains for two
days.
A
.
are trapping
B
.
have been trapped
C
.
were
trapping D
.
had been trapped
【答案】
D
【解析】
考查语态和时态。句意:一个救援
人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游
者。
“who ___ in the
mountains for two days”
是定语从句,修饰
two
tourists
,
two tourists
和
trap
之间是被
动关系,该空应用被动语态。由
risked
可知,营救人员救游客是过去的事
情,被
困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前,即
“
过去的过去
”
,该空应用过去完成
时态。
综上,
D
选项正确。
点睛:过去完成时表示过去某一时间或
动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作,即
“
过去的过
去
”
,其表达形式
为
had done
,被动语态的表达形式为
had been
done
。
4
.
It was the
natural disaster, rather than human errors, that
________ for the death of so many
innocent
people.
A
.
are blamed
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致以及
be to blame
的用法。句意:是自然灾害,而不是人为错
误,应对这么多
B
.
was to blame C
.
was
blamed D
.
were to blame
无辜人类的死亡负责。
be to blame for…
表示
“
应受责备,应对
……
负责
”
时,固定短语,因此
排除<
br>A
、
C
项;这里强调主语
the natural
disaster
,是一个强调句,谓语动词应与主语保持
一致,即与
the
natural disaster
保持一致,因此用
was to
blame
,故选
B
项。
5
.
—Have you moved into the new
house?
—Not yet. It ________.
A
.
has been built B
.
was
built
C
.
is being built
D
.
had been built
【答案】
C
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意:
——
你搬进新家了吗?
——
仍旧没
有,它仍旧正
在建设。根据语境可知,
It
指代上文提到的
the new
house
,是第三人称单数,与
built
是被
动关系,用被动语态,结合
句意,
built
这一动作表示正在进行的动作。故选
C
。
6
.
Oral English exams _______ in
China twice a year to give more chances to the
students.
A
.
has held
B
.
will be held
C
.
will hold
D
.
has been held
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:英语口语考试将在中国每年举行两次,为的是给学生更
多的机会。句中
主语
Oral English exams
和动词
hold
是被动关系,表
示动作将要进行不是完
成,排除
D
,故选
B
。
7
.
Local governments to
strengthen water transport safety management
recent fatal
accidents.
A
.
are
urging, followed B
.
are being urged,
following
C
.
are urged, to follow
D
.
urge, being followed
【答案】
B
【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意:最近接连发生的致
命事故敦促地方政府加强
水路运输安全管理。
urge sb. to do
sth.
,为固定搭配。
“
敦促某人做某事
”
。分析句意可知是<
br>事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系,故
A
与
D
是错误
的。事件已发生了
故不能用
to follow
作定语,
following
,后面的,其次的,下列的。因此要用
B
。
8
.
105
.
The International
Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease
of 15 events
to the program of the
2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.
A
.
will
make B
.
will be made
C
.
has been made D
.
had
made
【答案】
B
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意:国际
奥委会宣布在
2020
年东京奥运会上将增加
15
个比赛项目。从年份
2020
可以看出是将来的动作,项目和增加是被动关系,故要用将来时
的被动,故选
B
。
9
.
—Have you
heard of yesterday's gas explosion?
—Yes.
Only two of the 35 miners at the scene ________ to
have made it out safely.
A
.
have
thought B
.
are thought
C
.
had thought D
.
were
thought
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意:
——
你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗<
br>?——
是的,在现场的
35
名矿工
中,只有两名被认为安全获救。此处
指现在只有
2
个人被认为安全获救,用一般现在时的
被动语态,故选
B.
10
.
Quantities of soil ________
in the area, resulting in the increasing number of
natural
disasters.
A
.
is washed
away B
.
have washed away
C
.
have washed away D
.
have
been washed away
【答案】
D
【解析】考查时
态和语态。句意:在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了,结果导致自然灾害数
量增加。句中
soil
和
wash away
是被动关系,此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响,
故要用现在完成时,要用现在完成时的被动语态,故选
D
。
11
.
Louis Cha (
金庸
) passed away.
As for his achievement, there is such a comment,
“He ______
the Nobel Prize for Literature with
his written works translated into English.”
A
.
could have been rewarded
C
.
should be rewarded
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词
+have done
用法。句意:金庸去世了,至于他的成就,有这样的评论:他本
能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻
译成了英语的著作。
A. could have been
rewarded
本可以被
授予;
B. must have been
rewarded
一定被授予;
C. should be
rewarded
应该被授予;
D. need
have been
rewarded
本必要被授予。根据语境,
A
选项正确。
【点睛】
could have done
可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句
。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实
际未做,有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意,通常译为
“<
br>本来可以
”“
本来能
”
,也可以表示对过
去动作的推测,常可
译为
“
可能(已经
)”
。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖,但却没有获得的惋惜。故
A
选项正确。
B
.
must
have been rewarded
D
.
need have
been rewarded
12
.
With more
forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good
earth ________ each year.
A
.
is washing away
C
.
are washing away
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
B
.
is being
washed away
D
.
are being washed
away
本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤:
1.
确定谓语单复数:根据
quantity
的用法,
quantities
of
和
a quantity
of
后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数,但
它们作主语时,
quantities
of...
后面的谓语动词用复数,而
a quantity of...
的谓语动词
用单
数,故排除
A
、
D
项。
2.
确定第二空:随
着森林的被毁,土壤正在被冲走,故应该用现在
进行时的被动语态。句意:随着森林的被毁,大量的优质
土壤每年都被冲走。综上,故选
D
项。
【名师点拨】
quantities of
和
a quantity
of
后面加可数名词复数,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;
quantities
of
后面加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;
a quantity
of
后面
加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。
quantities of money have
been sent
there
大量的钱已经被送到那里;
A large quantity of money
has been wasted.
大量的
钱已经被浪费;
2.A large
quantity of books have been offered to
us.
大量的书已经提供给我
们;
Quantities of nuts are
on the table.
大量的坚果在桌子上。
13
.
—Are we about to have dinner?
—Yes
,
it ________ in the dining
room.
A
.
serves B
.
is
serving
C
.
is being served
D
.
has been serving
【答案】
C
【解析】
考查时态。因
serve
与
it(dinner
)
是动宾关系,要用被动语态;由问句中的
are about
to(
即将
)
have dinner
和答语
Yes
可知
,已
“
在
”
供应
dinner
了,故用现在进行时的被动语
态。故选
C
。
14
.
Now the
world’s attention ________ the stocking markets,
as they have great influence on
the world’s
economy.
A
.
is fixing on
B
.
is being fixed on
C
.
has
fixed on D
.
had been fixed on
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时态语态。句意:现在世界关注的焦点都在股票市
场上,因为它们对世界经
济已经产生了很大的影响。
attention
与
focus
之间为被动关系,
Now
提示用现在进行时。
15
.
—The window is dirty.
—I
know. It ________ for weeks.
A
.
hasn’t cleaned
C
.
wasn’t cleaned
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
B
.
didn’t
clean
D
.
hasn’t been cleaned
本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤:
1.
确定时态:这里表达过去没有擦窗户的事情对
现在的
影响就是窗户很脏,现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,也可以表示过去
发生的事情持续到现在。
2.
确定语态:主语
it
与谓语
clea
n
为被动关系。句意:
—
窗户很
脏。
—
我知道,这些窗户已
经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选
D
。
16
.
—Will Uncle Peterson come to my
birthday party tomorrow?
—Pity he ______
to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.
A
.
was sent B
.
has been
sent
C
.
had been sent
D
.
would be sent
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:
——Peterson
叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗?<
br>——
很
可惜他已经被派到
Zimbabwe
去做志愿教师了。由语境可
知,
Uncle Peterson
被派到
Zimbabwe
这是发生在过去
的事情,这个动作对现在产生了影响,故该空应用现在完成时
态。且主语
he
和
send
之间是被动关系,故该句要用被动语态。综上,
B
选项正确。
17
.
(
江苏四校第四次考试
)The flood
has caused a lot of damage to that area and the
figures of
the missing________shortly.
A
.
will be published
C
.
had
been published
【答案】
A
【解析】
考查时态。
shortly
不久,不多时,在句中作时间状语,表示将来,所以空处应该用将来
时。句意为:这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失,失踪人数很快就会公布。
答案:
A
B
.
have been published
D
.
are published
18
.
The two nurses ________
100
,
000 yuan by the police but donated it
to victims of the
explosion.
A
.
rewarded
C
.
have been
rewarded
【答案】
D
【解析】
试题分析:句
意:这两位护士被警方奖赏
100
,
000
元,但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故
的受
害者。根据
“but donated it to victims of the e
xplosion.”
,可知
“
她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受
害者
”
已经是发生在过去的事情,而
“
两位护士被警方奖赏
100
,
000
元
”
是发生在过去的过
B
.
would be
rewarded
D
.
had been rewarded
<
/p>
去,故用过去完成时,且
“
两位护士
”
和
“<
br>奖赏
”
是被动关系,故用被动语态,选
D
。
考点:考查时态和语态
19
.
—Are we
about to having dinner?
—Yes, it ________
in the dining room.
A
.
serve
B
.
is serving
C
.
is being
served D
.
has been serving
【答案】
C
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:
——
我们准
备去吃饭吗?
——
是的,饭菜正在餐厅被供
应。
it
是指饭菜,和动
作
serve
之间是被动关系,且动作正在进行,四个选项中只有
C
项
是现在进行时的被动语态,故选
C
。
20
.
All the doctors in the hospital
insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he
____ at once.
A
.
should be; be
operated on
B
.
were; must be
operated on
C
.
be; was operated
on
D
.
was; be operated on
【答案】
D
【解析】
试题分析:考查
insi
st
的用法。句意:医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重,要求他立
即动手术。
in
sist
作
“
坚决要求做某事
”
讲时,要用虚拟语气;当
“
坚持说,坚持陈述某事实
”
解时,用陈述语气。
考点
:
考查
insist
的用法
21
.
They are trying to make sure that
5G terminals ________ by 2022 for the Beijing
Winter
Olympics.
A
.
will
install
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意:他们正努力确保在
2022
年北
京冬奥会之前安装
5G
终端。表示在
将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作,用
将来完成时;
“5G
终端
”
和
“
安装
”
之
间是
被动关系,用被动语态,故选
B
。
B
.
will have been installed
D
.
have been installed
C
.
are installed
22
.
The
accident which left 15 people on board dead
________ if both the angry female
passenger
and the bus driver had kept calm.
A
.
should have avoided
C
.
could have avoided
B
.
should be avoided
D
.
could have been avoided
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查
“
情态动词
+
完成式
”
。句意:如果愤怒的女
乘客和巴士司机保持冷静,这起导致
15
人
死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。
c
ould have done“
本来能做而没有做
”
,且句子主语
The
accident
和谓语动词
avoid
之间是被动关系,结合句意可知答案
为
D
。
【点睛】
情态动词
+ have
done
结构:
1.“must + have +
过去分词
”
表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只
用于肯定句。如:
It
must have rained last night,for the ground is
wet.
2.“can could + have +
过去分词
”<
br>表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。
can
和
could
一般用于否定句和疑问句,
could
的语气较
can
弱。如:
He
can't have finished the work so soon.
3.“may might + have +
过去分词
”
表示对已发生
的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,
might
的语气比
may
弱一点。
这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用
can
或
could
。如:<
br>They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“need + have +
过去分词
”
表示过去做了不必做或不需
要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多
余。如:
I needn't have bought
so much wine—only five people came.
5.“should ought to + have +
过去分词
”
表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该
做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to
的语气比
should
强一些。如:
You
ought to should have studied harder.
你本应该更努力学习的
.
(但没有)
He oughtn't
to shouldn't have done that.
他本来就不该做那件事
.
(可是做了)
6.“would
+
have
+
过去分词
”
表示对过去的某种
情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种
原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用
sho
uld
或
ought to
那样含有责备之意。
如:
I
guess the poet would have been about twenty when
she wrote her first poem.
Another worker
wouldn't have acted like that.
23
.
Every year a flood of farmers
arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs
they_____
before leaving their hometowns.
A
.
promised
C
.
have promised
【答案】
D
【解析】
句意为:每年大量农民工涌入深圳
,去寻找他们离乡前别人给他们许诺的挣钱的工作。此
处农民工是
“
被许诺工作
”
,需用被动语态,故排除
A
和
C
两项;
B
项仅
表一般过去时的被
动;
D
项表示
“
已经被许诺
”
,
故选
D
。
B
.
were promised
D
.
have been promised
24
.
The Olympic Sports Center _______at
present in the city and is said to be open to the
public
in 2019
A
.
is
built B
.
has built C
.
is being
built D
.
will be built
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查
时态语态。句意:奥运会体育中心现在正在被建。据说
2019
年会对公众开放。句中时
间状语是
at present
意为
“
现在
”
,介绍正在
发生的事情,主语
the Olympic Sports Center
与
buil
d
该词被动关系,所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故
C
项正确。
25
.
Every possible means ________ to
prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not
clear.
A
.
is used
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致和动词时态语态。句意:所有可
能的方法都被用来防止空气污染,但天空仍
然不明朗。
means
当名词解释为
方法
,单复数同型,且
every+
主语,谓语动词用单数;means
与动词
use
之间是被动关系,根据语境
“
所有的方
法都用了
”
,应该用现在完成时的
被动语态。故选
D
。
【点睛】
“eachevery+
单数名词
+and+
单
数名词
”
等结构作主语
当
“eachevery+
单数名
词
+and+
单数名词
”
或
“eachevery+
单数名
词
+and+ eachevery+
单数名
词
”
结构作主语时,谓
语动词通常用单数形式。如:
Each boy and each girl has
been invited to the teaparty.
每个男孩和每个女孩都被邀请参加茶
话会。
The boy and
the girl each have their own toys.
这个男孩和这个女孩都有他们自己的玩具。
B
.
are used
C
.
have used D
.
has been used
26
.
This company _____ roundly by
unionists and social justice groups when it fired
a number of
workers for no reason a decade
ago.
A
.
condemned
【答案】
D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查时态及语态
。句意:十年前,当这家公司莫名其妙解雇许多员工时,收到了工会和社
会正义团体的严厉谴责。该句有
明显的时间状语
a decade ago
十年前,只能跟一般过去时
连用。结合句意
,这家公司是被谴责,所以要用被动语态。故选
D
项。
【点睛】
解时态题,可以结合句中的时间状语,选择相应的时态。至于语态,则根据句意来判断。
比如该
题有明显的时间状语
a decade ago
,这是典型的用一般过去时的标志,结合句意,
这家公司是被谴责,所以必须要用被动语态,所以选择一般过去时的被动语态。
B
.
has condemned C
.
has been
condemned D
.
was condemned
27
.
—Why didn’t you attend the assembly
this morning?
—But I ________ anything
about that.
A
.
didn’t tell
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查
时态和语态。句意:
——
你为什么没有参加今天早上的集会?
——
没人告诉我
。主语
I
和
tell
之间是动宾关系,故用被动语态,又
“
没有告诉
”
的动作发生在今天早上之前,即过
去之过去,故用过去完成时的被动语态,
即
had been done
,故选
C
项。
B
.
haven’t told C
.
hadn’t been
told D
.
haven’t been told
28
.
I saw Jack in the lift this
morning. He
around here for a long
time.
A
.
won't be seen
C
.
hasn't been seen
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意:今天早
上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近
露面了。根据
this
morning
可知,这是过去的事情;再根据
for a long time
可知
,此空是更
靠前的动作,且句子主语
He
和
see
之间是一种被动关
系,所以用过去完成时态,故选
D
。
B
.
wasn't
seen
D
.
hadn't been seen
29
.
It's great that all the visitors
who on the island were saved.
A
.
trapped
C
.
had trapped
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和被动语态。句意:所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了,这真是太棒了。由
were <
br>saved
可知此事发生在过去,且被困应在被救之前,应用过去完成时;同时,
vis
itors
和
trap
构成被动关系,应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故
D<
br>选项正确。
B
.
have been trapped
D
.
had been trapped
30
.
It is ______ that the financial
crisis is disappearing in some countries.
A
.
reported
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查被动语态。句意:据报道,金融危机正在
一些国家消退。句中
It
为形式主语,
that
引
导的从句为主语从
句,是真正的主句的主语,所缺词为主句谓语动词,主语与动词
report
是逻辑上的动宾关
系,是动作的接受者,所以用被动语态。故选
A
。
B
.
to report C
.
reporting
D
.
being reported
31
.
—I saw your uncle take a taxi to
the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there?
—I __________. But my car ___________ .
A
.
would; was fixed
C
.
would
have; was being fixed
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意:
-
--
我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送
他去那里呢?
---
我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示
本来想做但是没有做的事情,应
该用
would have done
;而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的
时候,表示
过去正在进行的动作,故答案选
C
。
B
.
would
have; was fixed
D
.
did; was being
fixed
32
.
Shakespeare’s play
Hamlet into at least ten different
films over the past years.
A
.
had
been made
C
.
has been made
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查
动词的时态与语态。句意:在过去的几年里,莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》至少被拍
成了十部不同的电影
。
over the past years
表示的是从过去到现在的动作,所以句子用现在<
br>完成时;
Shakespeare’s play Hamlet
与谓语
mak
e
为被动关系,因此选择现在完成时被动语
态。故选
C
。
B
.
was made
D
.
would be
made
33
.
After completing the
training, I, together with my classmates, ____ to
the town that was far
from the city.
A
.
were sent
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:完成了训练,我
和我的同学被送往了远离城市的一个小镇。
together with
(和)符合就远原则,
故现在只看主语
I
,是单数;根据下文的
was
判断为一
般过去时,
send
和主语
I
之间是动宾关系,故用被动语态,即一般过去时的被动语态
,主
语是单数,故用
was sent
,故选
B
项。
【点睛】
本题考查就远原则,即谓语动词的形式和前面的那部分主语保持一致。常见
的符合就远原
则的词或短语有:
as well
as;(togetheralongcombined) with; rather than;
except; besides; but;
including; in addition
to; apart from
;
instead of
等
例如:
B
.
was sent C
.
have
been sent D
.
has been sent
1. Nobody but two students is in the
classroom.
除了这两个学生
,
没有人在教室。
2.
Everybody except you is down on
me.
除了你
,
大家都看不起我。
3. A woman
with two children has come.
一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。
4. John, rather than his roommates, is to
blame.
约翰
,
而不是他的室友
,
应该受到责备。
34
.
This kind of cloth_______well
and large quantities of the cloth ________.
A
.
is sold
;
have been sold
C
.
sells
;
have been sold
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词的时态语态。句意:这种布销路很好,已售出大量。
sellwashburn
等词在表示事
物的状态、特点时,可以用主动表被动,因此第一个空应选
sells
;第二空表示
“
出售,卖
”
的动作,用被动语态,且强调对现在的影
响应该用现在完成时态,故正确答案为
C
。
B
.
is
sold; has been sold
D
.
sells has
been sold
35
.
With the help of
high technology, more and more new substances
___in the past few years.
A
.
discovered
C
.
had been
discovered
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意:因为有高科技的帮助,在最近几年中,越来越多的新
物质已经被发
现了。根据时间状语
in the past few years,
说
明使用现在完成时。根据句意新物质和发明之
间用被动形式。故
D
正确。
B
.
have discovered
D
.
have been discovered
36
.
As is estimated, more than 20
million shared bikes ______ into operation
nationwide by
2025.
A
.
will
have been put B
.
will have put
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查
动词时态语态。句意:据估计,到
2025
年为止,全国将有
2000
多万辆
共享单车投入
运营。根据
by 2025
可知应用将来完成时,且主语与谓语动词构成
被动关系,故应为将来
完成时的被动语态。故选
A
。
C
.
have been put D
.
will be
putting
37
.
A lot of small
towns in the area are definitely worth
________.
A
.
to be visited
【答案】
C
【解析】
B
.
being
visited C
.
visiting D
.
to visit
【详解】
主动形式表达被动意义。句意:这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。
be worth
doing
sth“
值得做某事
”
,主动形式表达被动意义。故选
C
项。
38
.
We must apply what
we have learned to our work because in no case
______ from practice.
A
.
should
theory separate
C
.
theory should
separate
【答案】
D
【解析】
试题分析:句
意:我们必须把我们学到的应用到实际生活中去,因为在任何情况下理论都
不应该脱离实际。这里是apply sth to
sth
把
……
应用到
……
,
in no case
在从句中的句首,所
以应该用倒装,又因为
theory
与
separate
之间是被动关系,故选
D
。
考点:考查倒装的用法。
<
br>点评:本题难度适中。倒装是高中阶段的重要的语法项目,它们的各种情况比较多,需要
考生牢记
它们的用法,但是在从句中的这种倒装更增加了试题的难度。
即学即练:
Can
you explain_______most deserts are located near
the west coast of the
continents?
A.
why is it that B. why it is
that
C. how it is that D.
how is it that
解析:
B
。句意:由句子结构可知,强调句型
“it is ...that
”
对宾语从句的引导词进行强调,应
用陈述语序,再由句意可知,选
B
。
B
.
theory should be separated
D
.
should theory be separated
39
.
Please don’t stand up in class
until you ______.
A
.
were told to
C
.
are told to
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查省略句。句意:直到有人叫你站起来,你
才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文
中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保
留动词不定式的符号
to
。
分析句子可知,本句为一般现在时。故
C
选项正确。
【点睛】
to
代替不定式
在一定
的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不
定式的符号
t
o
。
to
代替不定式,常同
refuse, want, seem,
intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid,
prefer,
care, oblige, forget, wish,
try
,
tell
等动词连用。
注意:如果不定式中含有
be, have,
或
have
been
,一般要保留
be, have
或
have
been
。
本句还原为:
Please don’t stand up
in class until you are told to stand
up
。省略句为:
Please
don’t stand up in class
until you are told to
。故
C
选项正确。
B
.
are told
D
.
were
told
40
.
New energy-
sharing projects _____ in dozens of cities across
the country to fuel China’s
sharing economy
in the next few years.
A
.
are to
carry out
C
.
were carried out
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查
时态及语态。句意:新的能源共享项目正在全国数十个城市开展,目的是给中国未来
几年的经济提供动力
。根据语境可知,表示新的能源共享项目正在城市中开展实施,才能
给中国的经济提供动力。要用现在进
行时。
New energy-sharing projects
与动词
carry
out
是
被动关系,因此要用现在进行时的被动语态。
A. are to
carry out
一般将来时的被动,表示
将实施,
B. are being
carried out
一般现在时的被动,表示正在被实施,
C. were
carried out
表示动作发生在过去,一般过去时的被动;
D. will have
been carried out
将来完成时的被
动。故选
B
。
B
.
are being carried out
D
.
will have been carried out
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