侘-肺炭疽
able to do sth. 能够做某事 t to do sth.企图、试图
air 乘 ……
about to do sth 即将做某事 做某事 and by
不久以后;
ing to sth. 根据、按照 an attempt attoon
sth. for 请求
as担当 努力;尝试 in召集, 召来, 来访
up to 合计达 attention to sth. 注意 on sb.拜访
advance 预先 (an) average通常;按平 up召集;动员
sb. to do sth.建议某人做某均 down 镇定下来
事
from远离 for 喜欢
8. afford sb sth. 给某人提供某物
on基于 care of 照料
钱for sth. 买得起某物 e of 由于
about 担心, 关心
afraid of 害怕 to bed 睡觉 on
继续,展开
all毕竟 the bed 整理床铺 out 实现,执行
and again再三地 long不久以后 case +(句子)以防;可能;
again 再一次 before 很早以前 倘若
and again有时
your pardon请原谅。 case of如果;万一
the age of
在…几岁时 sb to do sth请求某人做某 up with 赶上
to
do sth. 同意做某事 事 a cold 感冒
with sb.
同意某人意见 with 首先 fire着火
on sth.对…意见一致
tart doing sth. 开始做 one‘s eye引起某人注
of
在…之前;超过 the beginning of …的起初 意
ahead
胜过,超过 e in . 信仰 sb. to do sth.使得某人
at
瞄准, 针对 to (介词) 属于 做某事
air 乘飞机 one‘s
best 尽最大努力 on sth.集中精力做某事
the air流传;不确定;
the best 一切顺利 certain of sth. 确信……
over到处 the best of尽量利用;善 chance. 偶然
all 总计 用 a chance to do sth.冒险
at all
一点也不; 不用谢 better do sth.最好做某事 做某事
of all
首先 off 小康 into变为;使改变
sb. to do
sth.允许某人 74.a bit of 有点儿 charge of 负责
做某事
to blame应受谴责 in out(旅馆、飞机等)
with连同……一起,
sb for sth.责备某人某事 登记;
angry with sb.生某人的气
sth from sb.向某人借某 a choice 做选择
after
another 相继地 物 choice but 别无选择只能。
the
telephone 接电话 …and …两者都… to the cinema 去看电影
back回嘴,顶嘴 the bottom of 在…底部 classes
上课
answer to the question问 down 出毛病, 抛锚
class 课后
题的答案 out 爆发 out 彻底清理
anxious about sth. 焦虑 away f up整理;完成;收拾
ize for sth. 道歉 rom 脱离;摆脱 updown 爬上下
about
议论某事 up分裂 结束;解散 close to 靠近
against
反对 into闯入, 打断 a cold 感冒
in arm臂挽着臂
breakfast 早饭时 to college 上大学
sth. in
one‘s arm 抱… breakfast 吃早饭 back 回来
the corner 在拐角处 one‘s breath 屏住气 down 下来
at in a place 到达(小 of breath 上气不接下气
from 来自
地, 大地) breath歇息 in 进来
…as
与…一样 one's breath away目瞪口 on 快, 来吧。
asso…as 与…不一样 呆;大为惊讶 out 出来,显露
if as
though 好像 one's breath白费口舌 true 实现
ashamed of耻于…… out迸发;突然…起来 into being 形成, 产生
for sth. 请求 into tears突然大哭 sth in
common 共识
sb. for sth.请某人给某物 to 地点 on
business 出差 e A to B把A比喻B
sb. to do
sth.请某人做某 busy doing sth.忙于做某事 e with与…比较
事 busy with sth.忙于做某事 t with 将……连起来
astonished in sth.因…惊讶 for要不是 considered
as…被看作
buscarplanetrainship content with
满意
1 12
ue to do 继续
determined to do sth.下决hree hundred last
week.上星期,病人人数
control 控制 心做某事 达到了三百人。
down 平静下来 oneself to sth. 献身 advanceahead of
time 提前
the corner在拐角处 (屋于 all 毕竟
里) of 因病死亡
the corner在拐角处 (街
from (病以外)因某事而
to do sthagree with sbagree to
sth
at doing sth 下定目标做某事
上) 死
154.物 cost 人 钱,某人花钱买某 different from 与…不同
at winning the game, he practi
物
difficulty 处于困境
a bad cough 咳得厉害 one‘s
direction由…
ced hard every
day.为赢得比赛,他每天
努力练习。
on依靠 指望;期待 指挥
157.a couple of一对, 几个;三 … direction 在… 方向
ermitforbid doing sth 允许
两个 ee with onto do
sth.
允许禁止做某事
ermitforbid sb to do sth
允
course 当然 不同意某人某事做…
course of 在过程中
the distance 在远处;远方
许允许禁止某人做某事
ize to
sb for sth 因某事向某
covered with 被…覆盖 into分成
人道歉
crazy about着迷的,狂热 d by 除
的
some cleaning做清洁工作
sth in one’s arms 抱着……
at a conclusion 得出结论
out for急需;迫切需要
some cooking 做饭
sb to shame 使某人相形见绌
out大声呼喊, 大声抱怨 some shopping 购物
curious about 对…好奇 well in 在…干得好
down砍倒;减少 one‘s homework 做作业
courage put
all the other students to
in 插嘴
sthnothing to do
with
shame.他的勇气令其他学生都感到惭愧
不如。
out剪除;切掉;放弃 与…有关无关
astonish at sth 因某事感到震惊
danger 处于危险状态 do with 需要
the bed
铺床
of danger脱离危险 t doubt必定;无疑
to do sth. 敢做某事 about 怀疑
sb for sthit is
me to blame 因某
of date过时的;废弃的 sth. down
写下某事
事责怪某人该受责怪的人是我
dawn在黎明;破晓 down
顺着…
day 日间, 在白天 of 许多
downbreak upbreak outbreak in
after day 日复一日
up草拟;写
to 坏了驱散爆发破门而入
and night 日日夜夜
about 梦见
one’s breathout of breath 摒
day 有一天(将来或过去) of 梦想
住呼吸上气不接下气
day
after tomorrow 后天 sb to do sth使某人能做某事
aboutbring up 引起,使发生
day before yesterday 前
computer enables people to commu
抚养长大
天
nicate with each other more
conveniently.
into tearslaughters 突然大哭
other day 前一天
180.a great (good) deal of
大
计算机使人们彼此间能更方便地交流。
大笑
about to do
sth… when 正要做
out cryinglaughing
突然大
量的(不可数名词)
哭大笑
with 处理, 对付;应付
某事……突然……
a deal. 订个协议
at spcall on sbcall upcall offcall o
to do
sth. 决定做某事
eg.I was about to go shopping when
it sudd
enly began to rain.我刚要出去买东西,天
ut
tocall forcall on sb to do 拜访某地拜
on sth.
决定某事
访某人打电话取消大喊叫来号召某人
就突然下雨了。
a
decision 作决定
做某事
a good deed 做好事
accidentby chanceaccidentally 偶然
deed . 真正地
outwork outpoint outfind out 实
t in doing sth.引以为
地
现做出指出查明
across sb 偶然遇见
乐
sb. to do
sth.要求某
on sth 依……行事
up with sbkeep up
with sbput up
人做某事
student should
act on the rules and
with sb 赶上某人跟上某人容忍某人
demand 需求
regulations of the
school.每个学生都应
on sb. 依赖某人
sth
into sthexchange sth for sth
该遵守学校的规章制度。
depends. 视情形而定。
把……变成交换
toadd up to
加上总计达
for sth. 渴望得到
to
do sth. 渴望做某事
number of the patients added up
to t
you change this note into coins?
2 12
你能把这张纸币换成硬币吗?
I exchange
this book for your new
pen?我能用这本书换你的新笔吗?
into beingcome to oneself
形成恢复意识
new system came into being in the l
ate 19th
century.这种新体制在十九世纪
后期开始形成。
sth in
common with sb 和某
人有共同点
twins have
a lot of things in commo
n with each
other.孪生姐妹间有很多相似
点。
tulate sb on
sthdoing sth 祝
贺某人某事
regardedthought ofconsidered as 被
认为,被当成
contentsatisfiedpleased with 对…
…感到满意
age sb to do sthencourage sb in s
th
鼓励某人做某事
always encourages me to work
hard.
他总是鼓励我要努力工作。
always
encourages me in my study.
他总是在我的英语上给我鼓励。
covered with 被……覆盖
withdo withhandle
处理,解
决
determined to do sthmake up
one’s
mind to do 下定决心做某事
some
degreeto some extentin a way
从某种程度上来说
off… untildelay 推迟
sport meeting has
been put off until
next
Friday.运动会已经被推迟到下周
五。
delight in
sthdoing sth 取悦
于做某事
should not
take delight in making f
un of
others.人不能以取笑他人为乐。
onrely onfeed
onlive on 依靠
依靠用……喂养以……为生
the
distanceat a distance 在远处
隔一段距离
sb
in sthsb be dressed in sth 打扮
某人
due to
do sth 按期,按理该做某
事,由于
train is due
to arrive at 5 o’clock.
火车应在五点到达。
failure is totally due to his
carelessn
ess.失败都是由他的粗心造成的。
eager
to do sthbe eager for sth 迫不
及待做某事对……很热衷
an effect on sth 对……有影
响
g has a bad
effect on people’s he
alth.吸烟有害健康。
efforts to do sth 千方百计做
某事
sb with
stharm sb with sth 用…
…来武装某人
young
people must arm themselves
with
knowledge.年轻人必须用知识武装
自己的头脑。
sb to
do sthcount on sb to do sth
want sb to do sth
期待某人做某事指望
某人做某事想让某人做某事
a facebe faced
with sth 做鬼
脸面对……
was faced with
many difficulties wh
en doing the
experiment.她在做实验时遇
到很多困难。
faith in
sthbe faithful to sth 对…
…忠诚
asleepfall
illfall silent 入睡
生病恢复寂静
be
familiar with sthsth be familiar to
sb 某人熟悉某物
fault with sbsb be at fault 挑
某人的毛病是某人的错
sb a favorgive sb a hand 帮某
人忙
like doing sthwould like to do sth
想要做某事
fitsuitable for sth 适合,胜任
believes that she is fit for the new
job.玛丽相信她可以胜任新的工作。
3 12
fond of
doing sth 对做某事感
兴趣
sb to do sthmake
sb do sthhave s
b do sthget sb to do sthlet sb
do 迫使某人
做某事,让某人做某事
outgive awaygive
upgive ingive
off give back 分发送人放弃屈服释放
气体归还
eg.I saw a man giving out pamphlets on
the
street.我刚看见一个人在街道上正发传
单。
I
grow up, I give away all my to
ys to my
brothers.我长大后,把所有的玩
具都给了我弟弟。
give
off much poisonous gas every
day.汽车每天释放出很多有害气体
now sth by heart 背诵,牢记
在心
oneself to sthcannot help doing sth
cannot help
to do sth 随便吃禁不住做某
事不能帮忙做某事
onhold up
坚持,稍等阻塞
onpersist instick to 坚持
at the doorknock into the wallkn
ock out
sbknock sth offknock sth over
敲
门撞墙打晕某人把……打掉把……撞
倒
has knocked
the vase off the shelf
?谁把花瓶从架子上弄掉的?
out the secretkeep sth a secret 泄密
保守秘密
longlong beforeit is not long
be
fore …很久之前不久之后不久之后
便……
was
not long before I realized that ho
w foolish I
was at that time.不久之后我便
意识到我当时是多么的愚蠢。
made up ofconsist ofcontaininclud
e
由……构成包含,包括
class is made up of fifty
students.T
he class consists of fifty
class
containsincludes fifty
students.这个班由
五十名学生组
成。 to do sthmean
doing sth 打
算做某事意味着做某事
eg.I
didn’t mean to hurt you by telling you
the
truth.我告诉你真相并不是打算要伤
害你。
means
killing me that you lie to me.
对我撒谎就意味着要杀了我。
badly need ofin lack ofin want of
急
需,缺乏
nothing to do with sbit is
none of
sb’s business 和某人没关系不管你的事
to
sthdoing sth 反对某事
反对做某事
idea occur to
sb 某人突然想到
一个主意
idea occurred to Tom
that he can hid
e himself under the
bridge.汤姆突然想到
他可以藏在桥底下。
sth to 把……归功于
owed all his success to the supports
f
rom his family.他把成功归功于家人的支
持。
sb
some money for sth
cost sb some money
spend some money on sthin doing st
h
takes sb some money to do sth
placetake one’s placetake the plac
e of
sb发生取代某人取代某人
se doing sth 联系做某事
e sb with sthprovide sth for sb 向
某人提供某物
purpose 故意
thanother than
而不是除
了,不同于
bought the red tie
rather than the gre
en
one.他买了那条红领带而不是那条绿
色的。
never speaks
to me other than to ask
for
something.他除了向我要东西,从不
和我说话。
seldom
appears other than happy.
她很少有不高兴的时候。
to 指的是,提及
a role in 在……扮演一个角
色,在某方面起作用
the wayin the wayin a wayon the
room
for 为……腾地方
sb offmeet sb at the station
为
wayin no wayin this way
顺便说说碍事
从某种程度上来说在路上绝不就这样
某人送行去车站接某人
outsend for a doctorsend offsend
willing to do sthbe unwilling to do
up派出派人去请医生发出气体发射
愿意做某事不愿意做某事
sense 有意义
a word with sbhave words with
s
you have said makes no sense.你
b
和某人谈话和某人吵架
a wordin shortto sum up 总之
刚才说的话都是废话。
other words 换言之
ce sb to deathstone sb to deathst
came
that …有消息称……
arve sb to death 判某人死刑用石头把某
came that there would be a new ro
人打死饿死某人
und of sale next week.有消息称下周还有
similar
to 与……相似
新一轮的打折。
or later 迟早
sb from doing sthkeep sb from doi
worth doingbe worthy to do 值得
ngprevent sb from
doing 阻止某人做某事
做某事
from sth
遭受……痛苦
sure to do sth 有信心做某事
book is
worth book is
worthy to be read.这本书值得一读。
is sure to win the first prize in the
c
sb of doing sb 指控某人
做某事
ompetition.她有信心在比赛中获胜。
sure
确保,确定
was accused of murdering his boss.
you leave the room, make sure
t
他被指控谋杀了他的老板。
sb of sth 向某人确保……
hat all the windows are shut.
is
certain that 毫无疑问的
shop assistant kept
assuring me of t
是……
so I took
it.售货员不断向我保
sth into pieces 把……撕成碎
he
quality,
证质量,所以我就买下了。
片
rid of sth
去除,消除
the timeall the sameall the
bestall t
t sb of doing sth 怀疑某人
做某事
he way 一直同样一切都好千里迢迢
sb of sth 警告某人某事
came all the way by air in order to
w
atch the finals.他一路飞来,为的就是看
eg.I
have warned him of the danger many ti
mes, but
he won’t listen to me.我警告过
最后的决赛。
他很多次,但是他就是不听我的。
from 区别于
tired of doingbe tired from doing
厌倦做某事因某事感到劳累
dismissed frombe fired from 被…
in touch
with sblose touch with s
…解雇
b
和某人保持联系和某人失去联系
t sb from sthdoing sth
保护
to sb for help 向某人寻求帮
某人免受,免于……
助
oneself understood 使自己
umbrella
can protect people from th
被别人理解 e
rain.雨伞可以保护人们不受雨淋。
to do sthwould 过去常常
be engaged in doing sth 忙于
做某事
used to
doing sthbe accustomed to
in sthfail to do
sth 失败于某
doing sth 习惯做某事
事
used to do sthget used to do sthbe
e
oneself in sthdoing sth 沉溺
used for sth 被用来做某事
于某事
4 12
indulged himself in traveling all over
the
world.他沉溺于他的环球旅行。
be involved in sth
某人被牵涉
进某事中
eg.I don’t want to be
involved in their quar
rel.我不想搅和进他们的争吵中。
trate on sthdoing sth 全神
贯注做某事
on sth
决定
have decided on the date for their
outing.他们已经决定了出游的日期。
ize on sth 节约
should economize on all kinds of
en
ergy.我们应该节约各种能源。
on sth 开始着手做某事
e on sb 给某人动手术
on sth for sbagainst
sb 就某
事进行投票选择,赞成反对
to 达到
to sb
吸引某人
bright colors always appeal to
the y
oung girls.鲜艳的颜色总是很吸引年轻
女孩。
to
依恋于,依附于
e sb to 把某人限定在一个
范围内
mother confined her naughty son to
the
room.妈妈把调皮的儿子关在房间
里。
to 负责准备
turn to see to the dinner today?
今天轮到谁做饭了?
der oneself to 屈服于,投降
于
to 屈服
t for sth 解释……的原因
heavy traffic
accounts for my late.
我迟到的原因是拥挤的交通。
for
sth 希望得到某物
withend up with 从……开
始从……结束
with 应对,解决
with sb 规劝某人
eg.I have tried to reason with him, but he
is too stubborn.我尽力说服他,但是他太
固执了。
responsible for sth 对……负
责
curious
about sth 对……好奇
keen on sth 对……热衷 let
是个普通词,常要求复合宾语,
indifferent to sth
对……感到在不定式作宾语补足语时,总省去不定式
无所谓
符号to,有时在一定的上下文中可省去
inferior to 低于……,劣等于
宾语补足语:let, allow这两个动词都
new to sth 对……陌生
有让或允许的意思,仔细研究后可以
sensitive to 对……感到敏感
看到许多情况下,这两个词并不能通用。
let 所表示的允许含有不阻止
little
girl is very sensitive to the sun
(notto
prevent)的意思,如:
shine.那个小女孩对阳光很敏感。
Let’s
go into the garage and have
obedient to 服从于
a look at it.
harmful to 对……有害
咱们到汽车修配厂去看看吧。
capable of doing sth
有能力做
She said her future husband would
某事
not let her make another film.
她说她的未婚夫不会让她再拍电影
independent of sthbe dependent
on
了。(此句用would not let,意思是
sth 独立于依赖于
阻止)
jealous of sth 嫉妒……
When the
bull got close to him,
forbid ban prohibit
都含禁止的
he clumsily stepped aside to let it
意思。
pass.
forbid
当公牛接近了他时,他笨拙地向一旁
系常用词, 指命令某人不做某事,
一闪,把公牛让了过去。
如:
Then he sits and
barks until
The doctor forbids him to smoke.
someone lets him out.
医生禁止他吸烟。
然后它坐着吠叫,直到有人把它放出
ban
去为止。
语气较重,
指权威机关正式禁止,
The third baseman let the ball
含严厉谴责之意,只能用事物作其宾
roll between his feet.
语, 如:
第三名垒手让球从他的两只脚之间
Ban atomic
and nuclear weapons!
滚了过去。
禁止原子武器和核武器!
而allow所表示的允许含有容忍
prohibit
(forbearance of prohibition)的意
指通过法律或政府法令禁止, 如:
思
The soldiers were
prohibited from
Please allow me to introduce
Mr
leaving camp after dark.
Brown to you.
天黑后士兵不准离开营房。
请允许我把布朗先生向你介绍一下。
permit allow let 都含准许的
Now we are not allowed
to touch
意思。
it.
permit 和 allow
在许多情况下可
现在是不让我们碰一碰它的。
以通用, 但它较 allow 正式,
含有
注:let somebody do
something(让
积极地、从正面地允许的意义, 如:
某人做某事)作宾语补足语的不定式省去
They don’t permit you
to smoke.
to,而allow somebody to do
something
他们不允许你抽烟。
(让某人做某事)作宾语补足语的不定式
allow 指并不反对或不加阻止,
带与permit也可以用于allow
偏重默许或听任, 含义较消极, 如:
(permit)somebody to do something
Each
passenger is allowed twenty
的句子结构,
但也可以要求简单宾语或
-five kilogrammes of luggage.
表示行为的名词作宾语。这三个词都能表
每位旅客允许携带二十五公斤的行
示没能阻止或不去阻止,但是let
李。
并不包含allow和permit所共有的这层
let 是三个词中最不正式的,
较口
含义:有能力、有权威不去禁止或不去防
语化, 而语意最弱,
指给予可能或同
止某事,有时表示由于笨拙疏忽而放过
意, 有时含难以阻止或限制之意,
去,如:
如:
The teacher allows too much
noise
Let him wait.
in the classroom
让他等一等。
那位老师听任教室内有过分的嘈杂
Let ,
allow, permit, grant这
声。
组动词都有允许或让的意思。
5 12
He should have known that
the 之前。 4)before(在……之前),after(在……
police would
never allow this sort of 如:When you apply for a
job, you must 之后)
thing. present your
credentials.当你申请工before 引导的从句一般表示主句的动作
他应该知道,警察是不会允许这种事作时,你必须递交你的有关证件。(同时)
发生在从句动作之前,如从句是过去时,
情的。 When the students heard
the 主句一般要用过去完成时。after引导的
The dogs have
greater freedom teacher’s footsteps, they all
从句,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作
too, for they are allowed to
wander stopped talking.
当学生们听到老师的之后,如主句是过去时,从句一般用过去
outside their
enclosure. 脚步声时,他们都停止了说话。(从句动完成时。
那些狗也有了较大的自由,因为允许作发生在前) 如:I had written my
dissertation
它们在栅栏外面到处跑跑。 when还可以表示just
then(正在那时)before my supervisor went abroad.在
而permit又不包含allow的这样一的意思,此时其引导的从句只放在主句之导师出国之前,我已完成了
我的学位论
层含义:克制着自己不去禁止,而allow后。 文。
却不包含permit的这样的含义:同意或如:we were about to start
when it
者默许,如: began to
rain.我们正要动身,突然下起After the boy had finished his
We do not allow (or permit) 雨来。 homework, he
played football with his
gambling. b)
while表示“在…期间”或“在某一friends.这个小男孩在完成作业后,和他
我们不允许赌博; 段时间里”,其所引导的从句的动作是延的小伙伴们踢了一会球。
grant 所表示的允许包含这样的续性的,并侧重表示和主句动作的同时发5) till, until
意思:上级就下级的要求,把自认为是一生。
如果主句的谓语动词是延续性动词,就常
种恩惠或权利给予别人,如: 如:While the
teacher paraphrased the 用肯定式表示“直到……为止”
He
requested that the premier text in English, the
students 如:He will remain in college until
grant him an internview. listened attentively
and took notes.(till) he finished his Ph.D
course.
他要求那位总理接见他一次。
当老师用英语阐释课文时,同学们注意地他将留在学校里面直到完成他的博士学
Permission was granted and a 听并且做着笔记。 位课程。
policeman accompanied him to a The door bell
rang while I was 如果主句的谓语动词是瞬间动词,就常用
call-box.
watching TV.我正在看电视的时候门铃否定表示“直到……才”
获得了许可后,一名警察陪他来到公响了。 如:I will not go with you until
( till)
用电话亭。 while 还可以做并列连词,相当于I finish my
homework.等我做完作业我
composed of men of the same
whereas,连接一个表示对比的并列分句。 才和你一起去。
nationality or
who spoke a common 如:Mary was dressed in blue
while Jane 6) as soon as, immediately, directly,
language. was dressed in red.玛丽穿蓝色的衣服,once,
the moment, no sooner…than,
法令指出连队应当尽可能地由同一而珍妮穿红色的衣服。
hardly…when等引导的从句都表示从句
民族的人或操同一语言的人组成。 c)as
表示“当…时”或“一边…一的动作一发生,主句的动作随即就发生
lift raise
elevate 都含举起边”。他引导的时间状语从句的动作也是了。即“一……就”。
的意思。
延续性的,并且侧重主句动作和从句动作如:As soon as we got home, the
lift 指用体力或机械力把某物从的同时发生。 telephone
rang.我们一到家,电话就响
地面举到一定的高度, 如: 如:As the
students walked to their 了。
She can lift a
pail of water from dorms, they sang
happily.学生们一边注:no sooner…than, hardly…when引
the
ground. 往宿舍走,一边快乐的唱着歌。 导的从句,主句中的动词用过去完成时,
她能把一桶水提起来。 2002 年第23小题 从句用过去时。且no sooner,
hardly
raise 与Lift 可换用, 但着重垂___ I knew him
better , I discovered 位于句首,要倒装主句的主谓。
直高举或将物件由较低处移至较高处that my impression had been
right He had no sooner arrived home than he
的适宜位置, 以发挥应有的作用, 如: A which B as C until D
unless was asked to start on another journey.
raise a flag. 答案是B 他一到家,就又要出另一次差。
升旗。
2)whenever, each time, every timeNo sooner had he
arrived home than he
elevate 指提高(嗓子、思想等),
任何时候;每当 was asked to start on another jouney.
如: 如:WheneverEvery timeEach time I 2003年25小题
Good reading elevates the mind. met her,
she was studying.我每次看见No sooner had he sat down to
lunch
阅读好书可使思想高尚。 她时,她总是在学习。 ___there was a
knock at the door .
时间状语从句 3)since(自从),ever
since(从那时起一A when B that C as D than
1)when,
as, while 直到现在) 答案是D
a)when表示“当…时”。when引出的时since, ever since
引导的从句通常用一2.地点状语从句
间状语从句,其中的动词既可以是延续性般过去时,主句中的谓语动词用完成时。
引导地点状语从句的连词有:where
动作的动词,也可以是瞬间性动作动词。如:We have
never met since we (在……地方), wherever
(无论哪里),
可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时graduated from the
college.我们自从everywhere (到处), anywhere
(任何地
发生,或者从句的动作发生在主句的动作大学毕业后就没有见过面。 方)等。
6
12
如:Where there is a will, there is a
2)supposesupposing that, such a large room D such
large a room
way. 有志者事竟成。 providedproviding
that(假如) 2) so that“以至于,所以”。引导的结
You can go
wherever you like these 如:Supposing that it rains,
can we 果状语从句之前可以有逗号。
days.这些天你可以去你想去的地方。 play
the match indoors?要是下雨,我如:She phoned me on arrival
so that
3.原因状语从句 们在室内比赛行吗? I knew she was safe
and sound.她到达
1)because表示人们不知道的直接的原Iwill agree
to go provided that my 之后给我打了电话,我知道她平安无恙。
因或理由,着重点在从句,即becauseexpenses are
paid.假如为我负担费用,注:so
that可以引导结果状语从句也可
引出的从句为全句句意的中心所在。通常我就同意去。
以引导目的状语从句,除了根据句意来判
用于回答why提出的疑问,语气最强,除5.让步状语从句
断外,还可以根据结构形式来判断。若从
了特别强调外,该从句一般位于主句后although,
though引导让步状语从句,句前有逗号,一般为结果状语从句。如果
面。 主句不能用
“but”. 从句中有情态动词,一般则为目的状语从
since表示对方已知的、无须加以说明的如
:Although they lack official 句。
既成事实的理由。全句的中心在主句上,support, they continue their
struggle.如:They started out early, so that
语气比because弱,译为“既然”。引出他们虽然没有得到官方的支持,但仍然继they
did not miss the train.他们早早
的状语从句一般放在句首。 续奋斗。
出发了,所以没有误了火车。(结果状语)
as表示十分明显的原因,一般说明因果as虽然,尽管。引导让步状语,常放在They
started out early so that they
关系,着重点在主句,语气更弱,常译为作表语、状语的形容词、名词、副词后面。 would
not miss the
train.他们早早出
“由于”。引出的状语从句一般放在句如:Strong as you
may be, you can not 发是为了不误火车。(目的状语)
首。 lift
it. 尽管你可能很有力气,你却无8.方式状语从句
for
引出的分句,语气最弱,主要是补充法把他提起来。 1)as(正如)引导方式状语从句
说明原因,解释另外一个分句,且只能放Hard as he tried, he was
unable to make 如:She enjoys all kinds of music, as
在句子后部。 much progress.他虽然竭尽全力,但是没I
do.她各种音乐都喜爱,和我一样。
如:I didn’t go abroad with
her 有取得多大的进步。 Why didn’t you catch the last bus as
because I couldn’t afford it.我没有6.目的状语从句 I
told you to?你怎么不听我的话赶乘末
和她一起出国是因为费用太高。 so that,
in order that . 引导目的状班公共汽车呢?
Since traveling
by air is much faster, 语从句,从句的谓语常用can, could,
注:口语中like可以用作连词,当作as
they decided to take a
plane.既然乘may, might, shall, should, will, 使用。
飞机旅行快得多,他们就决定坐飞机。 would等情态动词。in order
that可以如:Nobody understands him like as I
As it
is snowing, we shall not climb 位于主句的前面或后面。so
that引导的do. 没有人能像我这样理解他。
the
mountain.由于在下雪,我们就不爬从句只能放在主句之后。 2)as
ifthough(好像)引导方式状语从
山了。 如:They started early so
that they 句往往用虚拟,表示与事实相反。
It must have rained
last night, for might arrive in time.他们早点动身,如:They
looked at me as if as though
the ground is
wet.昨晚准下雨了,地面以便准时到达。 I were
mad.他们看着我好像我发疯了似
是湿的。 In order that they could
go around 的。
2)now that, seeing that,
considering West Lake, they stopped at
Hangzhou.9.比较状语从句(在比较级结构中讲过)
that, in
that表示鉴于,由于。in that为了游览西湖,他们在杭州停了下来。 第二部分 巩固练习
只能放在主句之后。 7.结果状语从句 将简单句合并成目的状语从句:
如:Now
that you have passed your test, 1)so …that;
such…that表示“如1.I turned on the TV. I wanted to
you can drive on your own.你驾驶考试此……以至于” listen
to the news.
既然已经合格,就可以独自开车了。 so
后面通常接形容词或副词。such后面I turned on the TV so that I
could
Seeing that the weather is bad, we’ll
通常为名词。如果名词前有many, much, listen to the new.
stay at home.由于天气不好,我们要呆等修饰,要用so…that. 2. I am
going to leave the party early.
在家了。
such+aan+adj+单数名词+that可以换I want to be able to get
a good
I am in a slightly awkward position,
成so+adj.+aan+单数名词+that night’s sleep.
in that
he’s not arriving until 10th.如:There is so little
time left that I am going to leave the party early
so
我的处境有点难堪,因为他要十号才来。 I have to tell you about
it I can get a good night’s sleep.
4.条件状语从句
现在剩下的时间不多了,我只只好以后再用so …that; such…that 合并句子
1)if (如果),unless(除非); unless给你讲这事。 3.This tea
is good. I think I’ll have
相当于if not. He told
us such a funny story that we another cup.
如:I
will buy a computer if I am able all laughed. This
tea is so good that I will have
to save up
enough money. 如果我能存He told us so funny a story
that we all another cup.
下足够的钱,我就买台电脑。
laughed. This is such good tea that I will have
Unless the weather was bad, my father
2003年第17小题: another cup.
always used to take
a walk in the It was ____that a hundred people 4.
The car was expensive. We couldn’t
evening.除非天气不好,我的父亲晚上总looked lost in it .
afford to buy it.
是去散步。 A so a large room B a
so large room C The car was so expensive that we
7 12
couldn’t afford to buy it.
词或与之相当的结构但任,位置在及物动people.未来是属于你们年轻人的。(名
It was
so expensive a car that we 词或介词之后。 词)
couldn’t
afford to buy it. 如:Would you mind coming
earlier 2.英文句子构成:主语部分+谓语部分
It was such an
expensive car that we tomorrow? 你明天早点来行吗?(动名
英语中的句子有长有短,有简有繁,
couldn’t afford to buy it. 词)
表面上看,似乎千变万化,但是从本质上
第三部分:总结 I don’t know where
he has gone.来说,都可以把英语中的完整的句子分为
本次课主要讲述了状语从句的用法,
需要我不知道他去哪了.(从句)
两部分。即主语部分和谓语部分。主语部
大家重点掌握引导各状语从句的连词的
5)补语complement:补语用于补充分以代词、名词或名词短语来充当,来表
用法。 说明主
语或宾语。补语通常由形容词、名明我们要陈述的对象。而在主语之后的动
1.时间状语从句中when
, as,
while的用词或其他相当的结构担任。补语分为宾语词及其后面的部分,都是用来说明主语做
法
补足语和主语补足语。 什么,或者描述主语的状况。这就是陈述
2.原因状语从句because ,
since, as, 宾语补足语: 的内容,即谓语部分。
for的用法 如:The
doctor advised her to stay 如:The moon rose
slowly.月亮慢
that引导结果状语从句和引导目的in bed for a
week.医生建议她卧床休息慢升起来了。
状语从句的用法 一周。(动词不定式) 主语部分
谓语部分
1.句子的成分:句子成分是句中起一定功 They saw her walking
into the He neither speaks English, nor
用的一个
组成部分。句子成分可以分为八bookstore.他们看见她进了书店了。(分understands
it.他既不会讲英语,也听
种。 词) 不懂英语。
1)主语subject:主语是句子的主 You should put your books in
order. 主语 谓语部分
体,是句子所要说明的人或事物,表示句你应该把书摆整齐。(介词短语)
因此在写英文句子的时候,通常要有
子描述的是“谁”或“什么”。主语通常 主语补足语:含有宾语
补足语的句子主语,还要写出谓语动词,既要有陈述对
由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名改为被动
语态时,原宾语和宾语补足语变象,又要有陈述内容,这样才能表达一个
词、或主语从句担任。
为主语和主语补足语。 完整的意思。
如:To become a professor
has been 如:we found him working in the
3.五种基本句型
his
ambition.当教授一直是他的抱负。office.我们发现他正在办公室工作。
1)主语+谓语动词(+状语)
(不定式作主语) He was found working
in the office. 此句型特点:既然该句型中动词后面
What we
shall do next is not yet 他被发现在办公室工作。(分词作主补)
没有宾语,所以用于这个句型的动词应该
decided.下一步我们做什么还未定下来。
6)定语attributive:定语用于限是不及物动词。
(主语从句作主语)
定或修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词或与 如:The sun rises and the sun
sets.
2)谓语predicate:谓语是说明主之相当的结构担任。单词作定语一般放在日升日落。
语的动作或状态的部分。谓语一般由动词被修饰语的前面,短语或从句作定语放在 The
fire is burning.火在燃烧。
或动词短语担任,位置在主语之后。
被修饰语的后面。 The children are playing.小孩子
如:His mother is a doctor.他的 如:He is an honest
boy.他是一个正在玩耍。
妈妈是大夫。(系动词) 诚实的男孩。(形容词)
这种句型的谓语动词后往往带有状
We should pay attention to
The girl playing the violin is a 语:
English
idioms.我们应注意英语的习freshman.拉小提琴的那个女孩是一年级 如:He
works hard.他工作很勤奋。
语。(动词短语) 学生。(分词短语) The
sun sets in the west.太阳从
3)表语predicative:表语是在连 Those who want to go may
go.想去西面落下。
系动词之后表示主语性质、特征、状态或的人都可以去。(从句)
2)主语+系动词+表语
身份的部分。表语通常由名词、代词、形
7)状语adverbial:状语用于修饰 所谓系动词,又叫连系动词。即这
容词、副词、介词
短语以及动词不定式、动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。状语通种动词并没有具体的动作,只是起连接主
动名词、分词或表语从句担任,位置在连常由副词或与之相当的结构担任。 语和后边的成分的作用。
系动词之后。 如:He went to France to learn 如:He
looks unhappy.他好像不高
如:The football match is
on.足English.他去法国学英语。(不定式) 兴。
球赛正在进行。(副词) He
is leaving for Shanghai the day Bread is the
staff of life.民以
All the pupils are on the
after tomorrow.他后天动身去上海。(名食为天。
playground.学生们现在都在操场上。(介词短语) Beauty is in
the eye of the
词短语)
8)同位语appositive:同位语位于beholder.情人眼里出西施。
He
seemed surprised at the new.名词或名词性短语之后,说明其内容。同
注:在英语中,除了be动词以外,
他对这消息似乎感到吃惊。(分词)
位语通常由名词、名词性短语或从句担还有以下系动词:
The key question
is how we should 任。 a) 表示主语的特征、状态的:look,
solve the problem.关键的问题是我们应 如:Then aroused
the question sound, taste, smell, seem, appear,
该如何解决这个问题。(从句) where we were to get the
machine feel等
4)宾语object:宾语表示及物动词needed.这时就产生了一个问题:我们到 如:The
iron feels
hot.这铁摸起
的对象或内容。介词后面的名词或代词叫哪里去找需要的机器。(句子) 来很烫
做介词宾语。宾语通常由名词、代词、数 The future belongs to you
young
8 12
The rose doesn’t
smell much.b)同buy一样,当间接宾语后移时,间接 答案为D
这玫瑰花闻起来不是很香。 宾语前需要带介词for,这样的动词有:2004年17题
b) 表示主语由一种状态转变为另一book(预订), choose, find, get,
keep, Don’t shout in the meeting room ,
种状态的:become, grow, get, turn, go, order,
prepare等。 ___?
fall, come等。(这些系动词和形容词如:I am
going to buy her a gift. A should you B will you C
can you D
连用,一般是句由固定的搭配关系) I am going to
buy a gift for her. could you
如:Our
supplies of sugar and c)有个别动词只用于这样的结构:“主语答案是 B
rice fell short.我们的糖、米供应不足。
+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”,不能用介2005 年14题
Hope your
dreams will come true.词替换。这样的动词有:charge, cost, You
never told us why you were absent
希望你好梦成真。
bet等。 from the party ,___?
The leaf will
turn yellow in 如: I will bet you ten dollars.我跟A
weren’t you B didn’t you C did you
autumn.树叶秋天会变成黄色。 你赌十块钱。 D were you
go
hungry 挨饿 go sour变酸 go The repairman charged me
ten dollars.答案是C
wrong出错 修理工收了我十块钱。 第二部分:巩固练习
fall asleep睡着 fall due到期 5)主语+谓语+复合宾语
分析下列句子的成分:
c)表示主语保持某种状态的:有些动词后面接宾语的时候意思不完整,1. Time flies by.
continue, remain, stay, keep, hold,
因此在宾语后面还需要接补充说明宾语主 谓
rest, prove等
的补足语,宾语和宾语补足语统称为复合2.I am on a diet.
如:The
weather continued fine 宾语。 主 系 表
for
several days.那几天,天气一直晴常见的接复合宾语的动词有:appoint, 3.They
found the boy dead.
朗。 believe, choose,
consider, elect, 主 谓 宾 宾
He held
silent for the whole , keep, let, make, suppose等。
补
他一整天都沉默不语。 如:4.I found the book easily.
He has fallen into the habit of They
appointed John chairman. 主 谓 宾
doing morning exercises to stay 他们任命约翰为主席。
状
healthy.为了保持身体健康,他养成了晨主 谓 宾 5.I
found the book easy.
练的习惯。 宾补 主 谓
宾
3)主语+谓语+宾语 I believe him to be
true.我相 宾补
英语中绝大多数的动词都适用于这一句信他是诚实的。 6.Tom
found Jim an apartment.
型。 主 谓 宾语 宾补
主 谓 间宾 直
如:Beauty will buy no
beef.漂亮不注:如何区分双宾语和复合宾语 宾
能当饭吃。
判断两种宾语的方法:在宾语后面加上7.She will make him a
主
谓 宾 be动词,若能构成完整的句子,则是补good wife.
I have
finished reading the 足语。 主 谓
book.我已经读完了这本书。 反之,则是直接宾语。 间宾 直宾
主 谓
如:I made John our chairman.我选了8.She will make
him a
宾 约翰为我们的主席。 good husband.
4)主语+谓语+双宾语 I made John a cake.我给约翰作了一块主
谓
动词后面接两个宾语:一个指人的宾语,蛋糕。 宾 宾补
称之为间接宾语;另一个指物的宾语,称我们可以说:John is our
chairman.所第三部分:总结
之为直接宾语。间接宾语和直接宾语统称以our
chairman是宾语补足语。 本次课主要讲述了英语句子的构成,需要
为双宾语。
我们不能说:John is a cake.所以 a cake大家重点掌握的有:
如:He
showed the guard his 是直接宾语。 1,构成英语句子的八种成分
passport.他把护照给门卫看。 4.句子的种类 2.五种基本句型
主
谓 间接宾见课本第132页-134页 3. 反意疑问
语 直接宾语
2001年第40小题有对反意疑问句的考查
at
at a loss
困惑不解,茫然不知所措
I will buy you a meal. You
never told us his telephone number,
at all
(用于否定句)丝毫(不),一
主 谓 间宾 直宾 ____?
根据间接宾语和直接宾语的关系,把动词A hadn’t you B didn’t you C
had you
点(不)
at all costs 不惜任何代价,无论如何
分成三类: D did you
at all events 不管怎样,无论如何
a)同give一样,当间接宾语后移时,间 答案为D
at any rate
无论如何,至少
接宾语前需要带介词to,表示间接宾语2002年21小题
是动作的接收者。这样的动词:bring, You never told us why you
were late for
at best 充其量,至多
at ease
舒适(地),安逸(地)
offer, pass, show, take, write等。
the party,____?
如:He showed the guard his
passport. A weren’t you B didn’t you C had you
at first 最初,起初
at hand 近在手边,在附近
He showed his passport to the guard. D did you
9 12
at large 详尽的,普遍的;未被获取
的
at last 终于,最后
at least 至少
at
most 至多,不超过
at no time 从不,决不
at
once 马上,立刻;同时,一起
at present 目前,现在
at the costexpense of 以……为代价
at the end
最终,终了时
at the moment 此刻,目前
at the
same tine 同时;然而,不过
at the sight of 一看见……就
laugh at 因……而发笑;嘲笑
look at 看着;看待
by
by accident 偶然
by all means
尽一切办法,务必
by and by 不久,迟早
by chance
偶然,碰巧
by far ……得多;最多
by means of
用,凭借
by mistake 错误地,无意中(做错了
某事)
by no means 决不,绝没有
by oneself 单独地,独自地
by the way 顺便地,附带说说
by way of
经过,经由;通过……的
方法
learn by heart 记住,背诵
little by little 一点一点地,逐渐地
side by
side 肩并肩地,一起
for
for ever 永远
for
example 例如
for good 永久地
for
instance 例如
for the sake of 为了……的利益
for the time being 暂时,眼下
account for
说明(原因等)
allow for 考虑到,顾及
as forto
至于,关于
ask for 请求,要求
but for
倘没有,要不是
call for要求;需要;邀请
care for
照顾,照料,喜欢
except for 除了……外
go in
for 从事于;酷爱;追求
head for 朝……方向走去
in
return (for) 作为(对……的)
回报,交换
long for 渴望
look for 寻找,寻求;指望,期待
make for
走向,向……前进;导致,
促成
make up for 补偿,弥补
pay for 付款;偿还 in short 简言之,总之
send for 派人去请;召唤;索取 in sight 看得见,在视线之内;在望
stand for 是……的缩写,代表,意味 in spite of 不管,不顾
着;主张,支持 in the course of 在……期间,在……
take…for 认为……是,把……看成过程中
是 in the end
最后,终于
take for granted 认为……理所当然; in the
face of 在……前面;不管,即
(因视作当然而)对……不予以重视 使
wait for 等候,等待 in the future 在将来
watch
out for 密切注意;戒备,提防 in (the) light of 鉴于,由于
from
in the way 挡道,妨碍某人
apart
from 除……之外(别无);
in time 及时;最后,终于
除……之外(尚有)
in touch 联系,接触
aside
from除……之外(尚有)
in turn 依次地,轮流的;转而,反过
far from 远离,远非
来
from time to time
不时,有时
in vain 徒劳,白费力
learn from
学习,向……学习
instead of 替代,而不是
result
from 是(由)……造成
bear…in mind 记住(某事)
tell…from 辨别,分辨
break in 破门(窗)而入;打断,插
in
嘴
in a hurry 急于,匆忙
check in
办理登记手续,报到
in a sence 在某种意义上
cut in
打断,插嘴;(汽车)超车抢档
in a way 在某种程度上,从某一点来
draw in (火车、汽车等)进站
看
drop in
顺便(非正式)访问
in a word 简而言之,一句话
fall
in love with 爱上某人
in addition to 除……之外(还)
fill inout 填写
in advance 预先,事先
get in 进入,参加;收(获),收回;
in all 总共,共计
插入(话)
in any case 无论如何,不管怎样
hand in 提交;递上
in brief 简单地说
keep
in mind 记住
in case 假使,以防万一
give in
屈服,让步
in case of 假如,如果发生;防备
have
in mind 记在心里;考虑到,想
in charge of 负责,主管
到
in common 共有的,共用的
lie in 在于
in detail 详细地
once in a while 偶尔
in effect 实际上,事实上
persist in 坚持
in
fact 事实上,其实
play a part (in) (在……中)扮演
in favour of 支持,赞成
角色;(在……中)起作用
in
front of 在……前面
pull in (车)进站;(船)到岸
in general 一般来说,大体上
result in 引起,导致;理解
in half 分成两半
take in 欺骗;领会,理解
in honour of 向……表示敬意;为纪
take part in 参加,参与
念,为庆祝
turn in 上床睡觉;交还,上交
in no
case 无论如何不,决不
from
in no time 立即,马上
apart from 除……之外(别无);
in no way 决不
除……之外(尚有)
in order 按顺序;整齐
aside from除……之外(尚有)
in order to 为了(做某事)
far from 远离,远非
in other words
换句话说,也就是说
from time to time 不时,有时
in part 部分地
learn from 学习,向……学习
in
particular 特别,尤其
result from 是(由)……造成
in person 亲自
tell…from 辨别,分辨
in proportion to 与……成比例
on
in public
公开地,当众地 on a smalllarge scale 小(大)规模地
in regard to 关于 on account of 由于,因为
in
relation to 有关,涉及 on average 平均;通畅,普通
10
12
over
on behalf of 代表,为了
put off 推迟,拖延
all over 到处,遍及;全部结束
on board 在船(或车、飞机等)上 see……off 为某人送行
;从(疾病、
on business 因事,因公 set off
出发,起程;激起,引起
get over
克服(困难等)
失望、震惊等)中恢复过来
on duty 值班,当班
show off 炫耀;卖弄
go over 检查;复习
on
earth 究竟,到底 take off 脱下(衣帽等);起飞
hand
over 交出,移交
on foot 步行 turn off
关(水源等);拐弯
have an advantage over 胜于,优于
out
on guard 站岗,警戒
out of
在……外;离开……,缺乏 look over 仔细检查,细看;察看,
on
one’s own 独立地,靠自己地
out of breath 喘不过气来
巡视
on purpose 故意地,有目的地
out of
control 失去控制 over and over 一再地,再三地
on
sale 出售;廉价出售
run over (跑)过去;撞倒;溢出
on second thoughts 经重新考虑,继而
out of date
过时的,不用的
out of order 出障碍;秩序混乱 take
over 接受,接管;借用,承袭
一想
out of place
不再适当的位置;不相称 think over 仔细考虑
on the
contrary 正相反
的,格格不入的 turn over 仔细考虑
on the one hand 一方面
up
out of practice
久不练习,荒疏
on the other hand 另一方面
(时间上)直
out of sight 看不见,在视野之外
up
to (数量上)多达;
on the spot 在现场,当场
到;取决于
out of the question 毫无可能
on the
whole 总的来说,大体上
out of question (现在少用)无疑地
uo to date 现代化的,切合目前状况
on time 准时
break out (战争等)爆发;使逃脱,
的
and so
on 等等
back up 支持;倒退
call on
访问,拜访;呼吁,号召
使逃走
由……构
bring out
使……显示出来;出版
be made up of 由……组成,
carry
on 继续
come on (表示劝说、鼓励等)来吧,
carry out
执行,贯彻;进行(到底)
成
check out
结帐后离开,办妥手续离
break up 打碎;终止,结束
走吧;开始
bring up 教育,培养
开
count on
依靠,指望
get on 骑上(马、自行车等),登上
come out
出版,发表;显现,出现;
build up 建立;增强,增进
call
up 打电话,召集
结果是
(车、船、飞机等);有进展
catch up with 赶上
get on with 与……友好相处;继续干
cut out 删掉,割去
cheer up 高兴起来,振作起来
drop out 退学,退出
go on 继续下去,进行
clear up 清理;使变清洁;放晴
hang on
抓紧不放;坚持下去;(电话
fall out 脱落;争吵,闹翻
come
up 出现,走上前来
figure out 计算出;估计
不挂)等一会儿
come up with 追上,赶上;提出
hold on
握住不放;坚持;(打电话用
find out 查明;找到;发现
draw
up 起草,制订
give out 分发;发出(气味等)
语)等一会儿
dress up 穿上盛装,精心打扮
go out 熄灭;外出
keep an eye on 留意,照看
end up 结束,告终
hand out 分发,散发
keep on 继续进行,反复地做
face up to 大胆面对
live on 靠……生活;以……为食
die out 消失,灭绝
look down onupon
蔑视,看不起
lay out 布置,安排,设计;摆出,展
get up
起床;起立
give up 放弃;投降
开
look
on 旁观;观看
go up 上升,(物价等)上涨
leave
out 忽略,遗漏;省略
pass on 把……传给别人
grow
up 成熟;成年;发展
let out 放掉(水等),发出
put
on 穿上;上演
hang up 把……挂起来;挂断(电话)
switch offon (用开关)关掉开启
look out 留神,注意
开列;看出,辨认出
hold up 举起;耽搁,延迟
take on 承担,从事;呈现(面貌)
make out 写出,
hurry up (使)赶快,匆匆完成
pick out 选出;辨认出,分辨出
touch on 谈及,提及
keep up with 跟上,不落后
point out 指出,指明
try on 试穿
pull out 拔出,抽出;(车、船等)驶
line up 排队,使排成一行
turn on 开,旋开(电灯等)
live up to
无愧于;做到;符合
出
wait on 服侍(某人)
(在字典中)查出
put out 熄灭;关(灯);公布,出版
look up 向上看;
off
make up 组成,构成;编造,虚伪;
off duty 下班 run out (of) 用完,耗尽
化妆
break off 中断,中止 set out 动身,起程;开始
call
off 取消 stand out 引人注目;杰出,出色
make up
one’s mind 下定决心,打定
主意
carry off 拿走,夺去
try out 试用,试验
cut off 切掉;切断;阻隔 turn
out 关掉(收音机等);生产,制
mix up 搅和;混淆
pick
up 捡起;(车等)中途搭人;学
get off (从……)下来。逃脱惩罚
造;驱逐;结果是
give off 发出或放出(光、热、气味 wear out
穿破,用坏;(使)疲乏,(使)
会
put up 举起;建造;张贴
等) 耗尽
put up with 忍受,容忍(讨厌的人)
let off 排放;放(炮),开(枪) wipe out 彻底摧毁,消灭
ring up 打电话
pay off 还清(债款);取得成功 work
out 算出;想出,制定出
11 12
set up
创立,建立,为……作好准备;challenge,request,get,
暑期,建造
need ,oblige,encourage,enable,compel,
show up
来到,露面 recommend,declare,prove,command,
stand up
起立;(论点、论据等)站encourage,enable,lead,press,etc
得住脚 1) 用于be+形容词+不定式结构的常
sum up 总结,概括
考形容词
take up 开始从事;占去占据
anxious,boring,dangerous,pleased,
turn up
出现,来到;开大,调大
hard,eager,easy,fortunate,strange,good,
use
up 用完,耗尽
ready,usual,prepared,surprised,common,
warm
up (使)暖起来;(使)变热
useless,asked,lucky,difficult,
wash up
洗餐具;洗手洗脸 likely
satisfied,careful,sure,glad,bored,
with
certain,etc
with regard to 关于,至于
2) 用于名词+不定式结构的常考名
with respect to 关于,至于
词:
deal with 兑付,处理;论述,涉及
failure,offer,plan,ability,decision,
do away
with 废除,去掉
desire,chance,permission,occasion,fun,
have nothing to do with
和……毫无
honor,capacity,wish,pleasure,
关系
opportunity,demand,way ,refusal,
have
(sonething) to do with
和……
responsibility,freedom,promise,etc.
(有点)关系
3)
后面跟省去“to”的不定式作宾补
词汇和语法结构题型中常考词汇:
的常考动词:
1 虚拟语气
see
watch,notice,observe,hear,
宾语从句:order,demand,require,
listen to,feel
,get,make,have,let ,help,
request,direct,comman
d,urge,
bid,know,look at ,smell,etc
rule,suggest,advise,vote,propose move,
reco
mmend,prefer,decide,insist,desire,
decree
主语从句:vital,important,essential,
imperative,obli
gatory,
necessary,unnecessary,impossible,sad,strange,natural,advisable,fitting,proper,
app
ropriate,desirable
2 不定式
1)
通常只接动词不定式作宾语的常
考动词:
agree,attempt,claim,decide
demand,
ask,hesitate,beg ,fail,care,consent,
promise,desire,hope,intend,learn,
offer,plan,r
efuse,prepare,pretend,strive,
require,appear,ar
range,expect,manage,
tend,afford,wish,want,seem
,struggle,
swear,threaten,wait,
undertake,ve
nture,seek ,resolve,aim,
determine,endeavor,app
ly,claim,pledge,
pretend,profess,refuse,volunte
er,vow,
happen ,guarantee,neglect,proceed,prove
,
condescend,consent,trouble,
bother(negativ
e),care(negative),choose,
fail etc
2)
用于动词+宾语+不定式结构的常
考动词:
force,hire,tell,require,teach,
warn ,allow,ask,
inform,beg,
convince,expect,invite,order,permit
,
promise,instruct,prepare,urge,remind,
want
,advise,persuade,dare,forbid,like,
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