大学英语自学教程(下册)课后习题答案

第一单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.d 2.c 3.c 4.a 5.d
II. ative ental any ent dent
ives le e
III. 1.c 2.d 3.i 4.j 5.g 6.e 7.h 8.1 9.f 10.b
IV. our helped form front; to; passed; it; same;
on makers should be able to make the best guess at the guture.
people think that everything managers do involves decision making.(or Some people think that everything
managers do has something to do with decision making.)
there are no correct alternatives,there are no correct decisions to be made.
different people have different ideas about the same problem,so the approaches to it vary from person to
person.
on makers usually hold the key to the business development of the company.
Vocabulary Exercises
I . organized zational zation
fied fication
able ability
ion ed nded
II. ent d ement ent l lish
anies cy g
friend accompanied him to a concert.
has argued her out of her decision.
owed his success in part to luck.
ing to his suggestion,the formalities have been much simplified.
broadcasting station predicts that it will turn cold tomorrow.
is defined as a change in position or place.

Text B
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.F 6.F 7.F 8.F 9.F 10.T
ation; confidence active indifference rking; personality;
interest less ys; pay ; neat; conservative floor beside your
chair ly; naturally 10.
Vocabulary Exercises
I.
sure
a disadvantage
ed
vative

erence
down

your
advantage cts the tuouble to
Grammar Exercises
I. 1.连词；让步状语从句。 尽管约翰想记住，却没能记住一个词。
2.关系代词；非限定性定语从句。 和他的兄弟们一样，哈利身材奇高。
3.连词；比较状语从句。 这儿有块大石头，没人能搬起它。
4.连词；比较状语从句。 他们的观点和我的一样。

5.连词；方式状语从句。 像许多人从前那样，认为学习外语没有用是错误的。
6.关系代词；非限定性定语从句。 如从前所说，语法不是一套死规则。
7.关系代词；非限定性定语从句。 正如同学们所看到的，海伦有点疯疯癫癫的。
8.关系代词；非限定性定语从句（带有插入语的性质）。 你会发现所有的问题现在都已得到解决。
9.前一个是副词，后一个是连词；比较状语从句。 她和她姐姐跳得一样好。
10.前一个是副词，后一个是连词；比较状语从句。 他们同她一样爱她。
11.连词；比较状语从句。 他没有她那么老。
12.介词；时间状语从句。 当他还是个孩子时就参了军。
13.习语；时间状语从句。 趁你在这儿，咱们和不讨论一下咱们的计划？
14.连词；方式状语从句。 他以他独特的视角来描写中国。
15.习语；方式状语从句。 他总是努力工作，好像从不感到疲倦。
16.连词；方式状语从句； 你怎么对待我，我就怎么对待你。
17.副词；状语。 他是系主任，确实得他签署文件。
18.介词，习语；定语。 你要对整个工作负责。
19.介词；宾语补语。 他们把他看成是一个了不起的人。
20.介词；主语补语。 这怎么会被说成缺少经验呢？
II. you throw a stone as far as that tree?
regard that matter,I have no objection.
to his mother,I know nothing about her.
for you, I will never want to see you again.
does not own him as her own husband.
is a guest,and we should receive him as such.
7.I, as well as you ,don't lie.
is the teacher,so is the pupil.
wounded as he was,he never lost hope.
as he is ,he can tell right from wrong.
he was ill,I went there alone.
reached out his hand as through he were trying to catch something.
had better manage the business as before.
must study as long as we are alive.
has put his energy into literature--the same as his sisters have put theirs into music.
don't love him so much as she.
spoke so loudly as to be heard by all in the classroom.
is often the case,the girl forgot to bring her dictionary.
are doing the same work as I did last year.
have never doubted the honesty of so good a man as you are.
III. 1.I have the same opinion as he does. was ill,as were the other passengers.
man was knocked down by a car ,as was reported.
was not such a fool as to fail to see that point.
is not as healthy as John.
the word as it is spelled in American English.
I was speaking, I saw a dog lying on the grass.
as he worked,he could not learn maths well.
is the father,so is the son.

worked as an English teacher in a high school.

第二单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.b 2.c 3.a 4.c 5.d

II. uate omers y e ry
ce ble ation

III. y ation ation eness tion
vity ce sness

IV. with; his; if; so; paper; out; the; better

V. omers have not yet fully answered the question of what black holes are.
is said that a black hole can swallow up everything such as stars around it.
study of black holes is just ations about them are endless.
ists can not tell what happens inside a black hole.
we get to know something about them, black holes will not be that frightful.

Vocabulary Exercises
I. 1.a. exploded ion ive
y y
able ement ed
lly
II.
ation y ry hangeable e cing
ation s g
III.
1.A block hole exerts a strong gravitational pull.
company collapsed owing to mismanagement.
a few staellites were launched in the 80's in our country.
the medicine begun to operate?
was swallowed up in darkness.(or Darkness swallowed him up.)

Text B
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.T 2.T 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.F 7.F 8.F 9.F 10.T

II. s; orbit vegetation ite; sun large separate;
lesser part; another part characteristics us; deserts; plains on;
government; education; social behaviour stances

Vocabulary Exercises
I. ess all ned y r a
rule ly ing s es


第三单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.b 2.d 3.b 4.d 5.c
II. ry ine ty
e into account ine able
II.
's different from the planned murder of people. have the fundamental right to choose
death. are situations where death is a friend.
the patient is actually asking for is something else. may want a health professional to open
up communication for them with their loved ones or family.
patientis experiencing extreme suffering. is no chance of a
cure. patient has made requests for euthanasia. d.A second
doctor must confirm that these criteria have been met and the death must be reported to the police department.
.
spent; take; No; camera; down; taking; free; camel
V.
asia does relieve the dying patients from their suffering.
you konw that the Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits the practice of euthanasia?
does not mean that doctors who are for this idea don't care for their patients.
a doctor makers a diagnosis,a second doctor must confirm it.
who are against it believe that patients do not really want to end their life,but that there is something
else behind the request.
Vocabulary Exercises
I. erably erate eration erable
y ed e
ional ion ionally
II. out orate t affected
with into
account y able ive
III.
requested that the prisoners be released.
capability will ensure his success.
are going to open up a nationwide debate.
is very sensitive to changes of weather.
quality of his work has been deteriorating these years.
contamination of water makes the residents vulnerable to diseases.

Text B
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.F 9.T 10.F
II. Cambridge -boy network 4.a bias 6.A level results;
performance at interviews accessible prepared d; Yale; Chicago;
Berkeley ntly replicating
Vocabulary Exercises
I. g sion e ible
II. t mance sion to
nature itive al
Grammar Exercises
I. 11
.is

e 3



II.
her


第四单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.b 2.d 3.c 4.b 5.b
II. ats r inner
oduce nance ant
III. 1.i 2.c 3.b 4.e 5.j 6.g 7.h 8.f 9.a 10.d
IV. about; surprise; young; over; much; teenager; were
V.
government department dealing with the matter does not keep statistics.
accepted a job working as a domestic just because she found it difficult to provide for her family.
was brought over by a Saudi diplomat directly from the Philippines to work in London.
working conditions of the domestics have received media attention.
employers always threaten to send us back to our country.
Vocabulary Exercises
I.
ted tation table
ion ed ive
ed ees ment
ants ated ation
II.
y m e at ic

ted s nce ed ing
III.
ces should be exploited moderately.
order was well executed.
project deserves further study.(or This project is deserving of further study.)
've already reduced the expenses to the minimum.
5.I won't believe the news despite what she says.
this small boat bring them over to the other side of the river?

Text B
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.F 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.F 7.T 8.F 9.T 10.F
II.
irons joined; chain; groups
harshest; television; phone calls; day-to-day privileges
; degrading; slavery
out of every ten
; political; saving tax money; cleaning up
ne; ineffective
angry; more hostile
y; disaffection within society
Ages; shame
South; Arkansas; Arizona
Vocabulary Exercises
I. ted nt ment
II. ing ted of y unison


第五单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.d 2.a 3.b 4.d 5.b
II. al ormation ct neous dual ially
e e of doors
III. nance neity rity sion ctiondist
inctness ation ation ormation sis
IV. 'n'roll music
ially a black medium ic dance music r among college students
ated in San Francisco,in the United States by the Beatles,in England
brings together separate musical traditions; makes use of the full range of electric instruments
and the technology of electric amplifiers; c. it becomes a multimedia experience
V. new music was made out of the three forms of music in existence.
'n'Roll is very rhythmic,so it is popular among young people.
Beatles was a famous Rock group in England.

music pays a great deal of attention to the participation of its audience.
ic amplifiers make music loud and penetrating.
Vocabulary Exercises
I. l lly an ous ousness ously
d tions ess al ated nlity
II. sis neous y e edia ct
ent -war icism
III. chapter is on the transformation of heat energy into dynamic energy.
2.A group of people gathered spontaneously on the spot of the accident.
quarrel originated form misunderstanding.
army took over the city after 1949.
should not take on too much work for the sake of your health.
Text B
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T 6.T 7.F 8.T 9.T 10.F
II. spontaneously inspired type; the constructive; the traditionalist type
ted composition; musical theme shorter; a stretch ve; musical
theme oks inary n; theme the sake ies; sonorities;
formal principles
Vocabulary Exercises
I. 1.a 2.b 3.b 4.b 5.a
II. 1.不变地常变的多样化多种多样的 2.有创造力的创造创造 3.作曲家创作作品 4.特有的特
性塑造特性特性塑造 5.各种各样的多样化的使不同多样性 6.传统传统的传统主义者 7.建造建设性
的建筑 8.果实有收益的无收获的
Grammar Exercises
I. as she was,she was quite experienced in this work.
they tried,they couldn't find a solution to this problem.
did they realize that they had made an important discovery in science.
sooner had we put down the receiver than the telephone rang again.
did I expect that his condition would turn for the worse.
only should we work hard ourselves,we should also get other people interested in the work.
until you talked with him did he realize the seriousness of his mistake.
did he expect that the project would be completed so soon.
did we see anyone so devoted as she to medical science.
ly had she said the words when she began to regret it.
of us lie many difficulties.
in the distance lay ranges of mountains covered with forests.
to him stood Edgar Snow.
ng in the doorway was a young man in blue uniform.
rushed the man and his wife.
II. A. second point I'll explain later. one I shall send by ordinary.
this we shall take into full account. you've just said,I'll always keep in my
mind. we shall understand.
B. time has now come to put an end to this practice.

question will arise of how to prevent air pollution.
belief is commonly held that Englishmen are more reserved than Americans.
4.A list will be sent to you of the major items they produce.
order soon came that we have to leave the small town immediately.

likes sports very does his child. did not like the did her husband.
in this way can we expect to do our work well.
untill 1990 did I know he was an English teacher.
had any country tried so hard to develop its industry.
far from the bridge is a tall building. only do they work hard,but they also work well.
us were walking a group of Young Pioneers.
you told me earlier, I would have helped you.
10.I worked in a small factory in Wuxi last year.


第六单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.a 2.c 3.c 4.c 5.b
II. ent g nce cial fy
.into d ive le
III. 1.d 2.f 3.b 4.j 5.c 6.i 7.e 8.g 9.h 10.a
IV. not; use; sign; one; meant; end; him
V.
application of robots has increasingly become prevalent and far-reaching these years.
newly developed robots have a sense of touch and the ability to see and make decisions.
are widely employed in the automotive industry.
light-sensitive materials and electronic digital cameras are photographic equipment.
differ greatly from automatic machines.
Vocabulary Exercises
I.
1.a. efficiency ent ently
increased singly sing
tely ted tion
ify ity ive e
II. ion nce ent nel ive
e of between led
III.
a critical moment,we should be capable of facing difficultion.
considering that problem,they switched their attention to something else.
the table with paint.
should expose children to new ideas.
have plenty of natural resources.
was critical of her for her ignorance of law.

t..
ic

switched from one occupation to another in the past three years.


Text B
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.T 7.T 8.T 9.T 10.F
II. st warning Alaska energy level ng; cracks;
faults; crust c networks ground water from the radioactive l;
processes ng; 1975
Vocabulary Exercises
I. 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.B
II. e st lity ed ed ated
g


第七单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.c 2.d 3.b 4.d 5.c
II. e le ble y ful t
8.a variety of te
III. ain ize s e te y

IV. at; my; asked; visit; honeymoon; first; other; sir;
V.
term
a society in which life is fast-paced and work is stressful, it is beneficial to your health to try to find
time to relax.
tastes and preferences are all related to social contexts and learning experiences.
ve leisure attitudes are essential for motivating people to use their leisure in creative ways.
ations and research finding indicate that people are increasingly concerned with the quality of life.
Vocabulary Exercises
I.
bility s le
tion ed nt tion
ence ably able
izable ition ize
action ied y ying
II. action tion sion ned
with ted sion ipation yed
ble
III.
always takes a very positive attitude when correcting pupils'mistakes.
gers must attach labels to their suitcases before boarding the plane.

colour of his skin is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.
4.A ship loomed through the heavy fog.
've done nothing wrong on our part.
s should set as their objective the attainment of a balanced development of their students.

Text B
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.T 2.T 3.T 4.T 5.T 6.F 7.F 8.F 9.F 10.T
II. e control sand l;
against tments; addresses; telephone numbers stimate;
overestimate tions
Vocabulary Exercises
I. 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.D
II. 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.C
Grammar Exercises
I. in ; since
to at
by
in
in; for


for


for h todue
to to to to n
s over 45
.over


第八单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.c 2.b 3.c 4.b 5.a
II. ze taneously te ct
pancy e le
III. are; for; he; again; in; to; their; and
IV.
is not dificult to understand the maladjustment that brought to the body by high speed travel.
reason for this discrepancy is that different bodily events are controled by different factors.
n in food stimulates wakefulness,while carbohydrates promote sleep.
problem of Jet Lag is on every international traveller comes across at some time.
is not feasible to wait for a few days until the body's regulatory mechanisms adjust naturally to a new time
zone.


Vocabulary Exercises
I.
able ate ations

tions te tory rize
s ng d tion
ically ical icity
II. snchronize pancy al of
step al me ation ism l
advantage le taneously
III.
want to promote mutual understanding between the two countries.
plan seems feasible.
is out of step with modern life.
overcome diffculties,we must first overcome ourselves.
is a big lag between his thought and action.
fashion model was looking for a chance to show off herself to advantage.
assumption is not based on full facts.

Text B
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.T 2.T 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.T 7.F 8.T 9.F 10.F
II. ing
attention ates nt ction m e
ologicalphysical direction ability
Vocabulary Exercises
I. tivity ct ates ional of
to iate l tion ry to from


第九单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.b 2.c 3.c 4.a 5.b
II. imate x nt ition ere
tary e ry
III. 1.e 2.a 3.h 4.g 5.c 6.b 7.i 8.f 9.j 10.d
IV. test; doctor; the; My; arrived; at; opened
V.
has become a social problem.
objected to the idea that it is because of drop of birthrate.
long people will live depends on many factors.
ation of life is the prediction of the average number of years that one can live.
life is altering our life and our society.
Vocabulary Exercises
I.
iate appreciation appreciative iation iate iative
inactive activity ty ted ve
one's

ue continued continuing
continuation ues ued uation uous uing
expectation expectancy expectant ant ancy ation
II. fy t ity d x ens ency
on s imated
III.
always neglects his health.
price of this commodity is out of proportion to its value.
account of the incident approximated to the fact.
has reluctantly acknowledged the fallacies in his statement.
fervent cheers expressed their appreciation of the performance.
can be classified into long-term memory and short-term memory.
altered fundamentally.
Text B
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T 6.F 7.F 8.F 9.T 10.T
II. belief sible; honest; loving ary; honest; loving
talking ed; lonely; received 6.a smile; a good grade on report card; pride see; think;
rude; inconsiderate; rough bute; within hout ve attitude
Vocabulary Exercises
I. advantage of able
with riate 's aw y ess e
Grammar Exercises
I. had; wouldn't have drowned done have
know be attacked 't be you enjoy
change gone have come 't have made have
answered not have made fail have been
II.
hurried back to school lest it should rain. 's time the problem was carefully studied.
only I had kept my mouth shut. tiptoed into the room for fear that he should be heard.
5.I was in a terrible hurry that day,otherwise I would have stopped to have a chat with you for a while. 6.I
was writing a report; otherwise I would not have stayed up late.
t your help,we would not have made such a big success.
that condition,I would have done the same.
she hadn't been studying hard,she would not have spoken English so well.
't forget to remind him in case he should forget.
we weren't to take an exam tomorrow,I would have gone to the cinema with you.
only he had told you the truth several months ago.
13.I would rather you went on holiday.
14.I would sooner you had known nothing about it.
's time that we got ready for the final exams.
for the traffic accident, we would have arrived a bit earlier.
would not live without air and water.
18.I would have gone with you but I have to prepare for an exam.

live the People's Republic of China.
that he had taken some medicine this morning,his headache would be worse.


第十单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.d 2.b 3.c 4.b 5.d
II. al y tely al 8.s
tir ency elming
III. gy on acy ency y tution
alty tion nty ion
IV. for; lost; without; cost; buy; rage; put; altered
V.
ential election occurs in the United State every four years.
2.A major party nominee usually gets higher approval rating than a minor-party nominee.
gy plays a critcal role in the presidential campaign.
win electoral votes, presidential candidates are particularly concerned with those important states.
are over a dozen political parties in the United States,among which there are only two major parties.
Vocabulary Exercises
I.
gical gically gy gist
ent entation entative
atic acy at
l te tion es
II. nty ion ng on ed
d ss elming y
III.
return to the country will make a great impact on the political circle.
ne should be concerned with future of his country.
Return of Hong Kong caused a great stir throughout the world.
4.I identified the stolen tape-recorder as mine.
is one of the most authoritative representatives of that school.
has made up his mind to pursue postgraduate study.

Text B
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.T 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F 6.F 7.F 8.T 9.T 10.F
II. -party; Democratic; Republican
cast y ted maintain; dominant tic;
inevitable power; overturned lize e; moderate
Vocabulary Exercises
I. ty up into
power tion er ted favor of rned

II.
1.支配；统治；支配的；优势 2.竞争；竞争者；竞争； 竞争的
3.对立面；反对；相反的；对立的 4.继续下去；执行，实施；运走，冲昏头脑
5.提名；提名； 被提名者；名义的 6.收集；收集；集体的
7.自动的；自动的；汽车；自动的 8.选举；选举；选区，全体选民


第十一单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.b 2.d 3.a 4.d 5.d
II. er pment(advances) vant ding onsible
al o ative l
III.
use of animals can help the development of
a. anesthetics b. vaccines c. treatments for diabetes d. cancer e. developmental disorder
three R's suggested by FRAME are
a. Reduction b. Refinement c. Replacement and their individual meanings are
a. to reduce the number of animals used in testing b. to design better and refine experiments
c. to find alternative methods of testing rather than by using animals
50 originally means:
all the animals in a test group are given a substance until half of them die, while the new method means:
by using a fixed a mount, it gives the same eventual information but uses fewer animals and does not require that
they die.
IV. in; children; kids; at; of; going; noisy; she; soldiers
V. research has been central to the development of human medicine.
think differently about whether animal research is relevant to physical health of man.
number of animals used in laboratory tests has declined over the past 20 years.
research findings show that a small number of laboratory tests can be done without using animals.
gh medical technology becomes more and more advanced, stopping testing on animals altogether is a long way
away.
Vocabulary Exercises
I. 1.a. develop b. developmental c. development
2.a. relevance b. irrelevant c. relevant d. relevantly
3.a. irresponsible b. responsible c. responsibility
4.a. ethics b. ethical c. unethical
1. paralyzed 2. regeneration 3. simulating 4. suitable 5. misleading 6.
replace 7. eventual 8. disorder 9. lethal 10. undergo
III. artist has reproduced every detail of your appearance in the portrait.
should aim with efforts for higher productivity.
has given evidence central to this problem.
4.I don't think what he said relevant to our topic of conversation.
city's security is undergoing some changes, due to the increasing number of people swarming into it.
Text B

Exercises for the Text
I. 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.F 6.F 7.T 8.F 9.F 10.F
II. 1. beautiful; intelligent; favored 2. humanity 3. patient; understanding 4. attaches; goings and
comings 5. sit; contemplate; contented; serene 6. more imperative 7. purchase; health care; feeding;
housing; training 8. news; begging ads 9. developed; 10. want; starvation
Vocabulary Exercises
I. 1. grant 2. devotion 3. at ease 4. break in on 5. starving 6. deprived 7. takefor granted 8.
brought out 9. unreasonable 10. relief 11. prevails 12. sustain 13. remarks 14.
contemplate
Grammar Exercises
I. 1.欧亨利的小说以活泼的谈话式文体写成并以出乎意料的结尾为特征。
2.长话短说，他欢蹦乱跳地回来了。 3.我简直无法相信这样的难以置信的故事。
4.请镇静下来，告诉我全部经过。 5.从她的脸上，我看出了事实的真相。
6.汤姆，当诚实的孩子，不要撒谎呦。 7.他在交手的第一回合被击倒。
8.我明天10点左右到你的办公室。 9.取一块砂纸，把相框的边缘磨光。
10.他们围着篝火跳舞. 11.那女孩有张普通的圆脸。12.我从未有过这种想法。 13.
王教授被任命为英语系主任.14.别忘了把你的通讯处写在信头上端。15.船离开港口，向海 上驶去。
II. 1.我想要申请进入贵部门。 2.我乐意向您引荐史密斯先生。
3.我肯定他到达后几周之内，全力以赴投入研究生课程不会有任何困难。
4.我完全熟悉焊接技术的现代趋势和发展。 5.汤姆工作努力，而且招人喜欢。
6.我们期待进一步与您交往。 7.欲知详情，请来函。
8.他一定是应他人之邀才做的。 9.我不反对你的意见。
10.小心别从梯子上跌下来。 11.恐怕琼斯先生出去了。
12.他身体虽弱，却精神健康。 13.校长非常希望您参加会议。
14.作为哲学家，他是那个时代的典型人物。15.大卫受到热烈的欢迎，很高兴。
16.偶尔有只蝴蝶从窗口飞进飞出。 17.没有一丝风。
18.这件衣服是要冬天穿的，别做的太瘦了。19.他们捕到很多鱼。
20.行走许多路而不必喝水是骆驼的特点。


第十二单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1. b 2. d 3. d 4. a 5. c
II. 1. symptom 2. consider 3. substitute 4. fantasy 5. equilibrium 6.
concentration 7. enhance 8. spur 9. daydream 10. drift
III.1. Daydreaming is essential for a. maintaining equilibrium b. an effective relaxation
2. Daydreaming contributes significantly to a. intellectual growth b. powers of
concentration c. the ability to interact d. the ability to communicate with others
3. Whose experiment supports the idea of
Dr. Joan Freyberg with schoolchildren in New York
4. Whose experiment supports the idea of
Dr. jerome Singer at Yale University
5. Which point do the examples of Newton and Edison support?

Best ideas seem to have occurred when they were relaxing and daydreaming.
IV. under; but; love; Get; police; by; see
V. 1. Recent research indicates that daydreaming is part of daily life.
2. Daydreaming not only contributes to emotional equilibrium but also improves self-control.
3. Historically, scientists and inventor took full advantage of daydreaming.
4. While composing, some composers seemed to approach a state of deep daydreaming.
5. Don't picture yourself as loser but as winner in your dreamland.
Vocabulary Exercises
I. 1. a. habitual b. habit c. habitually
2. a. compensation b. compensates c. compensatory
3. a. invention b. invented c. inventor; invention
4. a. created b. creativity c. creation d. creative e. creators
II. 1. modest 2. maladjustment 3. initial 4. muse 5. vividly 6. waylaid 7. surrounding 8.
undisturbed 9. effortless 10. abandoned 11. unaware of 12. free from 13. drew on 14. Contrary
to 15. beneficial to 16. at sea 17. put off 18. come up 19. confronted with 20. substitute for
III.
1. There were only 100 people present at the meeting at best.
2. It took him two years to finish writing a book entitled Reflection of Past.
3. We should confront the difficulties in life instead of escaping from them.
4. The teacher's praise enhanced his confidence.
5. While exercising your imagination, you should be free from regular thinking pattern.
6. You must go over the manual before the installation of the equipment.

Text B
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.F 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.T 9.T 10.F
II. 1. Veterans Administration hospital 2. dream character 3. lack of
association 4. Common sense; folk wisdom 5. five 6. rapid eye movement;
beneath 7. two 8. psychological 9. Who; what 10. the more; the merrier

Vocabulary Exercises
I. 1. miserable 2. sought out 3. vary 4. correlation 5. reinforces
II. 1. influence on 2. volunteers 3. volunteered 4. respectively 5. identities
Grammar Exercises
I.
1. 人群发出赞成的喊声。2. 那位棒球手单手接住了一个漂亮球。3. 我希望我们能同住。4. 你认为不喝水能活多少天。5. 我
昨天收到一封措辞严谨的邀请函。6. 沈阳飞机制造厂既生产又设计飞机。7. 由于没搞清方向，在黑暗中我没能找到路。8. 约
翰逊一九七一年离开，去了德国。他二十八岁，已婚，有两个孩子。9. 他重重地打了我，打得我眼冒金星。10. 妈妈正好把洗
好的衣服晒出来。
II.
1. 我想做完工作就到那儿去。2. 他们决定留在城里，直到收到回信。他们决定在收到回信前呆在城里。3. 他手里拿了把裁纸
刀，翻过来，放下去，又拿了起来。4. 昨夜大雨倾盆。5. 我四下张望，却看不见一所房子。6. 打开上数第三个抽屉，但是别
向外拉得过长。7. 他走过来，头发蓬乱，满脸通红，双手插在裤兜里，仍然是那幅人们一再告诫他别做出的样子。8. 这可怜
的孩子完了。9. 风真猛烈，人们被刮得站不住脚。10. 这股歪风不能给任何人带来益处。

III.
1. A: 入口在哪？ B: 就在这。2. 约翰搬进了新居。那房子是他去年盖的。3. 这是一架旧的盒式照相机。我从未有过这样一
台这样的照相机。4. A: 你认为安妮指导吗？ B: 我认为大家都知道。5. 我这一辈子听过一些怪故事，可是这个故事也许是最
离奇的一个了。6. 乔治的房子很漂亮，他妻子一定喜欢这座房子。7. A: 请给我两个煎鸡蛋。 B: 我也要两个煎鸡蛋。8. 查
尔斯现在是演员。我要是有一半那样的机会，也会当演员的。9. 约翰现在吸烟比以前吸得多。10. 母鸡不会飞，鸭子也不会飞。
11. 他也许会来，但他没有说要来。12. A: 你怎么接球？ B: 这样接。13. 每个人都发表了各自的见解。14. 从这里你可以了
解植物的营养和动物的食物在哪些方面有区别。15. 把美国人的婚俗和伊朗人的婚俗比较很有趣。


第十三单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1. d 2. c 3. b 4. b 5. b
II. 1. compel 2. abolished 3. antithesis 4. voluntary 5. coincide with 6.
eliminate 7. occupations 8. boring 9. prospect 10. gambling
III. 1. g 2. d 3. f 4. a 5. h 6. c 7. i 8. b 9. j 10.e
IV fog; forced; eyes; later; at; neighbor; On
V
1. One can not really happy, if he is compelled to do what he does not enjoy doing.
2. Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends on the tastes of the individual.
3. generally speaking, work done by anyone is beneficial for the society.
4. The difference between work and labor does not coincide with the difference between a manual job and a mental
job.
5. Technology and division of labor have eliminated in many fields the need for skilled workers.
Vocabulary Exercises
I.
1.a. efficiency b. efficient c. eviciently 2.a. are divided b. divisible c. division d.
divide
3.a. enjoyable b. enjoyment c. enjoy 4.a. boredom b. bored c. boring
II.1. boring 2. eliminate 3. compelled 4. So far as I know 5. undertook 6. amusement 7.
duel 8. coincide 9. aptly 10. get her teeth in
III.
1. He was reluctant to undertake the work.
2. A man's appearance and quality don't always coincide.
3. The boy goes in for stamp collecting.
4. We were compelled by the rain to stop the match.
5. Information is of great value to him.
6. He has earned respect from many people through his hard work.
7. The company set up another division in Beijing.
8. Every error must be eliminated from the article.

Text B
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.T 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F 6.T 7.F 8.T 9.T 10.F

II.
1. day after day, year in and year out 2. take it easy 3. Infinitely varied, subtle; flexible 4.
profit 5. edge; without 6. slack for himself; his work more 7. Mr. Coffee machine; personal
conversation 8. series 9. time- and-motion; robots 10. a full day's work for a full day's pay; taking
a free ride
Vocabulary Exercises
I. 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.B
II. 1. curtail 2. varied 3. tightened 4. discredited 5. disapproval 6. in large
measure 7. take it easy 8. with a view towards 9. do with 10. expectof
III.
1. 改变；各种各样的； 变动； 各种各样的； 易变的； 变量
2. 超过； 过多的； 过多的； 胜过
3. 比赛； 竞赛，比赛； 竞争的； 竞争者
4. 着手； 出发； 竖立； 建立
5. 批准； 赞成； 不批准； 不赞成
Grammar Exercises
I.
1. that the main difference between animals and plants that the former could move about while the latter could not
由主从连词that引起的主语从局和表语从句——人们曾经认为，动植物之间的主要区别是前者能到处 走动，而后者则不能。
2. how these basic principles work 由连接副词how引起的宾语从句——了解这些基本原则如何运作很有用。
3. that children's exposure to violence...behavior 由主从连词th at引起的同位语从句——越来越多的证据表明孩子们
暴露于电视节目表现的暴力之下，对他们的行为有 长期的影响。
4. that sleepwalking is a symptom of emotional disturbance 由主从连词that 引导的主语从句——梦游是情绪紊乱的症
候；这一点是肯定的。
5. what you can lift 由连接代词 what 引导的表语从句——检验你体力的标准是看你能提得起多重的东西。
6. that we shall have an early winter 由主从连词that 引导的同位语从句——所有的一切都表明一个事实，那就是，我们
将过一个早到的冬天。
7. that she has a good pronunciation 由主从连词 that引导的的宾语从句——她的语音很好，这得归功于她的英语老师。
8. that the listeners were more interested ... of his talk 由主从连词that 引导的主语从句——奇怪的是，听众对讲
演者本人比对报告更感兴趣。
9. how she had got there 由连接副词 how引导的同位语从句——男孩 发现自己睡在一间怪怪的房间里的一张怪怪的沙发上，
不知道自己怎么到了那里。
10. that he will not repeat his mistake 由主从连词that引导的同位语从句——他不会重犯错误，你可以相信这一点。
11. that the snow might delay them 由主从连词 that 引导的宾语从句——他们害怕被雪耽搁，就早早出发了。
12. that a large number of people benefit from heart surgery 由主从连词 that 引导的同位语从句——毫无疑问，一大
批人得益于心脏手术。
13. what on has previously thought 由连接代词what 引导的介词宾语从句——心胸宽广意味着，不管你先前怎么想，能够
面对事实。
14. that the party should have been cancelled 由主从连词that 引导的同位语从句——姑娘们都认为取消晚会太令人遗憾。
15. that misguided forms of dieting dieting result in so many problems 由主从连词that 引导的同位语从句——误导
的节食方法产生许多问题，这一事实不意味着所有节食方法都不安全。
16. that ginger root had the magic power of improving our memory 由主从连词that 引导的主语从句——人们曾经以为
姜根由改善记忆的魔力。
17. which mode early sailors unwilling to sail far out into the Atlantic was that it reached out to

the world由连接代词which 引导的定语从句和由主从连词that 引导的表语从句——到了大西洋就是到了“世界尽头”这一
错误想法使早期的水手们不愿意进入大西洋。
18. that the United States leads the world with the worst taxes 由主从连词that 引导的主语从句——美国的税收状况
再实际上最糟，这一点众所周知。
19. Whether he will come or not 由主从连词what 引导的主语从句——他来与不来取决于各种因素。
20. What would he have done in other circumstances 由连接代词whether 引导的宾语从句——在其他情形下他会怎么做，
谁能知道？
21. that Oxbridge graduates start with an unfair advantage in the employment marker 由主从连词that 引导的同位语
从句——他 认为牛桥毕业生在就业市场一开始就享受不平等优待，一些研究人员似乎支持他的说法。
22. what they have been discussing 由连接代词what 引导的主语从句——我对他们讨论的事一无所知。
23. that the flowers are all taken good card of 由主从连词that 引导的同位语从句——请留心照顾这些花。
24. that she should treat her husband with more consideration 由主从连词that 引导的同位语从句——她拒绝接受我让
她对丈夫更善解人意些的劝告。
25. that you are all mistaken 由主从连词that 引导的主语从句——在我看来，你们完全弄错了。


第十四单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1. c 2. b 3. d 4. b 5. c
II. 1. miniature 2. allege 3. activate 4. tape 5. belongings 6. slip 7.
profound 8. juveniles 9. solicit 10. heart-breaking
III. 1.e 2.g 3.f 4.d 5.h 6.h 7.a 8.j 9.c 10.b
IV. now; message; end; again; asked; recorder; for
V.
1. His persuasions were to no avail.
2. Everyone of us should do something for other people, and contribute something to someone.
3. The story about the young man set us thinking profoundly.
4. The exceeding courage and compassion of that woman teacher encouraged many of her students to do nice things
for others.
5. A woman teacher with extraordinary courage intended to reason with her killer.
Vocabulary Exercises
I.
1.a. prosecuted b. prosecutor c. prosecution
2.a. persistence b. persistent c. persists d. persistently
3.a. persuaded b. persuasive c. persuasion
4.a. threat b. threatened c. threatening
II. 1. compassion 2. activating 3. convince 4. shocking 5. smothered 6.
heart-breaking 7. profound 8. solicited 9. open up 10. grabbed
III.
1. The explorers opened up a stretch of land in the eastern part of the Americans.
2. This man alleged that his proposal had been ignored.
3. I suspect that he didn't control the timing effectively.
4. Would you please comment on this conclusion?

5. He was convinced that some vegetable species are faced with extinction.

Text B
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T 6.T 7.T 8.T 9.T 10.T
II. 1. the Seeds of Wrath; apartheid 2. set aside 3. subversive 4. prosecuted 5. silenced;
reflect 6. legislated; designed 7. intention; cut off 8. inflicted 9. human relations 10. its
all pervasive extent; hostility; violence
Vocabulary Exercises
I. 1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B
II. 1. subversive of 2. barriers 3. fled 4. indication 5. separation 6. pledge 7.
inflicted 8. suicide 9. extent 10. queuing
Grammar Exercises
I.
1. which is a percentage charged to any item you buy in that state 限定性定语从句---- 许多州都按你在该州购买的所
有商品的百分比征收销售税。
2. that never play 限定性定语从句----有些动物从不玩耍。
3. which would otherwise be dark 限定性定语从句---- 来自地球的反光使我们有可能看得见月球的某些部分。没有这样的光，
那些部分就是暗的。
4. who want to put out their ads限定性定语从句---- 许多想要发表广告的商人都利用国家发行的刊物。
5. which could scarcely been made except by some thinking animals限定性定语从句 ----某些蜘蛛建造巢穴。除非是某些
会思维的动物，否则这样的巢穴几乎建不成。
6. Which is the dividing line between the heavens and the earth非限定性定语从句---- 如果你望远看，只能看见幽蓝迷
离的烟霾。那是天地之间的分界线。
7. where very many diamonds have been found限定性定语从句---- 只有四个地方发现过大量钻石。
8. which an animal has not 非限定性定语从句---- 你也许以为植物与动物的区别是植物有叶，有根，有花，而动物没有这些
东西。
9. that were formed 限定性定于从句---- 人们相信，火山筒是火山的组成部分，它们形成于熔岩向上冲破地壳之时。
10. which the scientists could observe what happened without being seen限定性定语从句---- 这个房间有一堵墙，通过
它，科学家能够观察所发生的事，而自己不被人看到。
11. during which time stores will lower their normal prices非限定性定语从句----美国有许多减价销售期，在此期间，
商家会降低正常商品价格。
12. where final decisions are made 限定性定语从句---- 你得将此事提交做最终决定的主任室。
13. that range from inexpensive to very expensive限定性定语从句---- 依商店而定，小商店供应从廉价到昂贵的各种商品。
14. in which both the father and the mother are equal partners 非限定性定语从句 ----现代家庭中父母双方是平等的合
作伙伴的情况更加普遍。
15. which give him clues for solving the new one非限定性定语从句---- 他偶尔找到与问题密切相关的答案，这给他解决
新问题提供了线索。
16. which transmit information, which store information, which displays information,非限定性定语从句----传递信
息的人造 卫星、储存信息的计算机、展示信息的电视机的综合利用，将使每个家庭变成教育和娱乐的中心。
17. Which make up the whole vocabulary 限定性定语从句 ----两大类词共同组成全部词汇。
18. when it was decided ...限定性定语从句----廉价店上个世纪得名，那时人们认为薄利多销要比厚利少销好。
19. that does not feature north at the top 限定性定语从句----很难想象得出一张北方不设在上方的地图会是什么样。
20. who got married without even telling ...限定性定语从句---- 我认识好几个结婚时甚至不通知父母和其他朋友的朋友。

21. which means that an accurate count can never be made 非限定性定语从句---- 许多梦游者并未求助，所以从未有过记
载，这就意味着准确的统计永远不可能得到。
22. that provide food for the smaller birds that in turn provide food for the Arctic fox 限定性定语从句----湿润
的沼泽地生成大批昆虫。这些昆虫为较小型的鸟类提供了食物，较小的鸟类继而给北极狐和狼提供了食物 。
23. by which the position and course of a ship, aircraft or rocker can be figured out 限定性定语从句----导航学
是一门艺术或科学，据此可以计算出船只、飞机或火箭的位置和路线。
24. as she often does 非限定性定语从句---- 那姑娘努力工作，她经常如此。
25. who steals, 限定性定语从句---- 不要忘记，对那些偷东西的人来说，就会有更多的人再去花钱----这对商店和英国的经
济都有利。
III.
1. 虽然小时候许多男孩没有什么优势，后来却为国家做出了大的贡献。
2. 如果想看上去小些瘦些，或高或胖的人就穿深色衣服。
3. 研究非语言交际对经理们很重要，因为他们若想创造好得工作环境，得与雇员打交道，得了解他们想些什么。
4. 由于没有仔细阅读说明书，我的一个学生关错了开关。
5. 人们在他们之间传话，以便能改善两位朋友之间的关系。
6. 如果一个人说话时把手挡在嘴前，就表明他缺乏信心。
7. 真奇怪，你为他做了那么多，他竟对你不仁不义。
8. 我将给你点教训，叫你永远不忘。
9. 交通阻赛了三十分钟，所以弄得我迟到了。
10. 他希望再写信，以便澄清所有的误会。


第十五单元
Text A
Exercises for the Text
I. 1. b 2. b 3. d 4. a 5. d
II. 1. solely 2. vital 3. access 4. pronounce 5. ultimate 6. illusion 7.
extension 8. sterile 9. nourishment 10. register
III. 1. responsibility 2. uniqueness 3. speculation 4. operation 5. correction 6.
extension 7. foolishness 8. tendency 9. nourishment 10. reflection
IV.
1. Computer will guide man into a new era.
2. Computer can help solve a lot of problems in researches into man's life.
3. A poet, said Aristotle, has the advantage of expressing the universal; the specialists expressing only the
particular.
4. Three has been a tendency to mistake data in a computer for wisdom.
5. The application of computers in industry brought about astonishing changes in productivity.

Vocabulary Exercises
I.
1.a. theory b. theoretically c. theoretical 2.a. examination b. examined c. unexamined
3.a. specialized b. specialty c. special 4.a. function b. functionally c. Functional
II. 1. sensible 2. vital 3. ultimate 4. uniqueness 5. solely 6. sterile 7.
undue 8. mistaken for 9. ended in 10. speculated on 11. safeguard 12.

obscure 13. junction 14. turned; loose
III.
1. The principal has the ultimate responsibility.
2. the technician possessed precious data.
3. He dreamed that he could conquer hostility with love.
4. The twins are so identical that it is very hard to distinguish between them.
5. We must seriously reflect on the influence of violence on TV upon children.
6. All unlawful buildings must be pulled down.
7. Good books come about as result of hard work.
8. You should help them come to terms when your friends quarrel with each other.

Text B
Exercises for the Text
I. 1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.T 6.T 7.F 8.T 9.T 10.F
II. 1. expansion; social issues 2. Performance; accountability 3. award 4. traditional
education 5. continuing professional education 6. Engineering, medicine, accounting, journalism, law 7.
stuff; into 8. infiltrated; competition 9. traditional education monopoly 10. result focused;
accountability
Vocabulary Exercises
I. 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C
II. 1. expansion 2. possibilities 3. disagreeabout 4. integrated 5. perspective 6.
awarded 7. infiltrate 8. demand for 9. permissive 10. small
Grammar Exercises
1. if you want to be sure what was implied 条件状语从句---- 在面试过程中，你如果想确定听到的话的含义，不要害怕要
求解释清楚，但一定要礼貌。
2. if you have applied for many jobs in a short time as it is easy to confuse 条件状语从句和原因状语从句 ----如
果你短期内同时去应聘好几份工作，记住你说过了什么以及他们要什么条件非常重要，因为很 容易搞混。
3. although they need some inorganic food 让步状语从句----虽然动物需要一些无机食物，但不能仅靠这样的食物生存。
4. though I was at the time 让步状语从句---- 虽然当时我的英语讲的不好，仍然让人听懂了我的意思。
5. as it is to say that one should never drink water and beer together比较状语从句---- 说永远不要把牛奶和橘汁一
块喝就好像说不应把水和啤酒一块喝一样，都是醇话。
6. so that the audience sees and hears them many times结果状语从句----这个广告重复了一遍又一遍，好让观众多次听
见看见。
7. because it is so near to us 原因状语从句---- 月亮离我们什么近，所以看上去很大。
8. that they might have a better view 结果状语从句----他们爬得高些，以便视野更宽。
9. lest we should be late 结果状语从句----我们得快走免得迟到。
10. when we speak or write 时间状语从句---- 我们说话或者写作选择词汇的时候，可以用字典作为指导，但不能被字典束缚
住。
11. if they so choose 条件状语从句----如果国内工人愿意的话，允许他们自由选择雇主去 做同样类型的工作是某些社会团
体向英国政府争取的问题。
12. since Ptolemy had calculated wrongly the size of the Atlantic 原因状语从句----哥伦布用的是古希腊天文学家托
勒密海图。由于托勒密对大西 洋的大小计算有误，使哥伦布遇到了一些航海难题。
13. if someone didn't wake them up 条件状语从句---- 多数人具有对抗谋杀或暴力的制约力，即使没有人提醒他们，他们也
会自省。

14. before he returns 时间状语从句---- 他一会儿就回来。
15. before you buy 时间状语从句---- 先看看商品再买。
16. as the modern mother does 比较状语从句 ----传统型家庭的母亲像现代型家庭的母亲一样照料孩子的身体健康和情感需
求。
17. if they did not have the pressure of the atmosphere against the surface 条件状语从句---- 倘若没有大气压力抵
御表层，轮胎就会爆裂。
18. when man laid aside his wrong beliefs and began to seek true explanations 时间状语从句---- 一旦人类摒弃错误
思想，开始寻求真理解释，科学便开始发展。
19. if they are not allowed to repeat the letters to themselves 条件状语从句---- 据说在不允许重复记忆三个字母得
情况下，人们十八秒后就会忘记。
20. as you like 让步状语从句和比较状语从句----尽管地去取笑吧。我们仍然坚持原来的计划。
21. the longer it is exposed to the weather 条件状语从句----这块石头暴露在各种天气条件下越久，越坚硬。
22. he comes 时间状语从句----他一来就通知我。
23. Hardly had I left when 时间状语从句----我刚离开，屋顶就塌了。
24. No sooner had I reached home than 时间状语从句----我刚到家，一场暴风雨就开始了。
25. wherever you are 让步状语从句----不管你在哪，站着绝对别动。
26. provided you give it back to me tomorrow morning that all his courses are full 条件状语从句---- 如果你明早还
给我，你可以用我的自行车。
27. that all his courses are full 结果状语从句----他是个好老师，他开的所有的课都爆满。
28. as if he had a potato in his mouth 条件状语从句 ----他说话时，好像嘴里塞了个土豆。
29. where you are 地点状语从句 ----呆在那儿分别。
30. than we had expected 比较状语从句 ----工程完成得比我们原先预期的早。
31. I could not distinguish anything around me 结果状语从句---- 雾太大，我们分辨不清周围的一切。
32. Although the programme was not entirely to her taster 让步状语从句---- 虽然昨晚的节目不完全合伊丽莎白地品位，
她还是很喜欢这场表演。
33. While he has many friends 让步状语从句----虽然他有很多朋友，他还是时常孤独。
34. Small as it was 让步状语从句----这支部队虽小，战斗力却很强。
35. where the bushes grew the thickest 地点状语从句 ----他们藏在树丛最密的地方。
36. than they would contribute money 比较状语从句----他们会自愿说他们更情愿出力，而不拿钱。
37. Now that they are all here 让步状语从句---- 既然他们都在这儿，我们就开始讨论吧。
38. When you visit my university 时间状语从句----下次来我们学校，一定顺便来看我。
39. since you are so clever 让步状语从句---- 既然你这么聪明，那你知道这个词是什么意思？
40. As long as you don't lose heart 时间状语从句----只要你不灰心，就能成功。