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快速记忆之英文缩写练习

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-11-05 03:07
tags:很快英文

价格不菲-傲慢的近义词

2020年11月5日发(作者:费以群)


缩写与Spot Dictation

一、缩写练习:

第一段缩写训练答案:

Many pl’s favorite hob is sports. Ty spend + - thr spr tm play(g) team game like
footbbaseb, games for(4) 24 pl, like tennis, or golf. Sm pl like 2 prac . Indiv spt like
run(g)swim(g). Pl usually prac . Spt 4 at least 3 reason. 1st, ty enjoy it & 2st, ty feel .
Nd 2 kp fit __ tt ty feel +2 after ty had sm exer.



逐句讲解

Many pl’s favorite hob is sports.

pl =people



Ty spend + - thr spr tm play(g) team game like footbbaseb,

Ty=they thr= their thm=them +=much +++2=more +3=most

-=little -2=less -3=least

the most beautiful girl = +3 beautiful girl

the highest mountain = +3 high

-=of

spr =spare

(g)=ing

game=gm

footb= football baseb =baseball

=or



games for(4) 24 pl,

4=for

24=2 or 4



like tennis, or golf. Sm pl like 2 prac . c spt like run(g)swim(g).

Sm=some

Pl=people

2=to

prac= practice

. =aan

indiv= individual

run(g)=running

swim(g).= swimming

=or



Pl usually prac . Spt 4 at least 3 reason.

Pl= people

prac= practice


.=a

spt= sport



1st, ty enjoy it & 2st, ty feel . Nd 2 kp fit __ tt ty feel +2 after ty had sm exer.

1st= First,

ty= they

& = and

.Nd= need

kp= keep

_=in

-=of

tt=that

b+2= better

m+2=more

sm=some

exer=exercise

注意:Spot Dictation中少用符号



第一段缩写训练原文

Many people’s favorite hobby is sports. They spend much of their spare time
playing team games like football or baseball, games for two or four people, like tennis,
or golf. Some people like to practice an individual sport like running or swimming.
People usually practice a sport for at least three reasons. First, they enjoy it and
second, they feel a need to keep fit in that they feel better after they had some
exercise.



二、

缩写4种方法:

1、拿掉所有元音

Eg. market --------mkt

standard------std

message------msg

receive-------rcv



2、保留开头几个字母

Eg. Information -----info

Insurance------Ins

Exchange-----exch

Individual----- indiv

The STDn – MKT

I RCV . MSG frm th indiv pl

I want to exch info with u



3、保留开头和结尾

Eg. Week -----wk


Need----- nd

Meet------mt

Room-----rm



4、根据发音

Eg. Are-------r

Though---tho

Through---thru



三、

缩写中的常用缩略词

Good----gd important----- imp

Include---incd market-----mkt

Situation----sitn regular-----regl life=lf

Reference----ref necessary---ncry

Apartment----apt apt 右上方加m m表示ment后缀

according----acdg g=ing

Advertisement----ad advice----adv amount —AMT

conform---- cfm

Condition----cond

Under no condition by no means

department-----dept

Explain----expln impossible----imps

Model---mdl

observe----obs

Ordinary----ord accept----acpt

Balance----bal cancel----cncl

Exchange----exch individual----indiv

Position----posn product----prod

Representative---rep repeat----rpt

Please----pls possible-----poss

Receive----rcv



练习部分

this is a good important market

here is the necessary advice I want

I will accept the position as a manager

频率高的词用缩写

考试时尽量用学过的缩写,不要用太多



四、

地名简写:

Korea : K Sweden : SD Switzerland: SW

Australia: AA Israel : IS Italy : IT

Spain: SP

通常是提取国家单词的首字母




五、

缩写中较长单词的处理:

-ism ---------m eg. Socialism 社会主义 S(m) local

-tion---------n eg. Standardization 原始化 std(n)

凡是从原始动词延伸出来的各种 形容词、名字、副词,只需写出动词,各种形式
从缩写的右上方进行添加处理。

-ing----------g eg. Marketing mkt(g)

-ment-------mt eg. Amendment amend(mt)

-ble---------bl

注:遇到以able或ible为后缀的词,可以提取bl作为信息点写在这个词的右上


eg. Available av(bl)

-ful ---------fl eg. Meaningful mn(fl)



复习一下:

缩写的四种方法是:

1、拿掉原因保留 2、保留开头几个字母

3、保留开头和结尾 4、根据发音缩写



地名和较长单词的缩写方法



六、

本单元测试

But spt is not just 4 participants. Its 4 spect(o) too. M – pl all over the world spend
hs every wk watch(g) spt event on tv, at stadiums. Pl enjoy be(g) fanssupp(o) – 1
team & many prof. are now as pop & fame as the +3 great Hollywd movie star.



逐句分析:

But spt is not just 4 participants.

But=向上的箭头 或自己创造

spt=sport

4=for



注:遇到动词延伸的人称,可以写出动词后在右上角划一个圆圈

eg:

work(0)=worker

teach(0)=teacher

核心词compete及延伸词

compete=comp

comp(o)= competitor

comp(v)=competitive

注:缩写词右上方加v表示那些以ive结尾的形容词

comp (n)=competition

comp (g)=competing



Its 4 spect(o) too.

spect(o)= spectator



M – pl all over the world spend hs every wk watch(g) spt event on tv, at stadiums.

M= millions

T=thousand

H= hundred

另一种用符号表示的方式

右上方加1个“′”=thousand

右上方加2个“′”=millions

右上方加3个“′”= trillion



–=of

pl= people

hs= hours

wk= week

watch(g)= watching

spt= sport

= or



Pl enjoy be(g) fanssupp(o) – 1 team & many prof. are now as pop & fame as the
+3 great Hollywd movie star。

Pl = People

be(g)= being

fans = “fans” or

supporter =supp(o)

–= of

1= one

team & many= team and many

prof.= professionals

pop= popular

fame= famous

&=and

the +3 great= the greatest



原文展示:

But sport is not just for participants. Its for spectators too. Millions of people all over
the world spend hours every week watching sports events on television, or at stadiums.
People enjoy being “fans” or ―supporters‖ of one team and many professionals are
now as popular and famous as the greatest Hollywood movie stars.




第五章 听力微技巧与Listening Comprehension

八大题型介绍:

一、虚拟语气题

考点:条件句

过去考试的经验:答案往往表现为否定句形式

练习:

?

1.A. I knew Mr. Smith wanted to sell his computer, but I didn’t buy it.

?

B. I didn’t buy Mr. Smith’s computer because I didn’t know he was selling
it.

?

C. I bought the computer without knowing it was Mr. Smith’s.

?

D. I’ll buy the computer as soon as Mr. Smith wants to sell it.

I’d have bought Mr. Smith’s computer if I had known he was selling it.



?

2.A. He didn’t know what would happen if he made the suggestion.

?

B. He didn’t feel nervous after he had put forward the suggestion.

?

C. He realized that the committee members would not adopt his suggestion.

?

D. He considered it important to talk to the committee members first.

Had he realized the possible consequences, he wouldn’t have made the suggestion
at the committee meeting last week.



二、数字题型

技巧:听到的数字通常不是正确答案。

通常要了解时间、日期、价钱、号码、航班等数字的不同读法。

练习:

?

1. A. 30 guests came. B. 20 guests didn’t receive their invitation cards.

C. 40 guests came. D. More guests came than were expected.

About one-third of the sixty invited guests failed to show up at the dinner party.



?

2. A. We need to pay $$25 per piece. B. We need to pay $$50 per piece.

C. We need to pay $$75 per piece. D. We need to pay $$125 per piece.



The Company quoted a price of 100 dollars a piece for the summer after
much bargain. We got an offer at 25% discount.

3. A. The plane left two hours before.

B. The plane left at ten o’clock in the morning.

C. The plane left at two o’clock in the afternoon.

D. The plane left at four o’clock in the afternoon.

The plane for Los Angeles was supposed to take off at noon, but due to a minor
fault in one of the engines the flight was delayed of 2 hours.





常考的数字类型:

a 大额数字的听记方法:


thousand ‘ million ‘’ billion ‘’’

eg. 35 thousand 35’

8 hundred and 40 thousand 840’

1 million 5 hundred thousand 1’’ 500’

8 billion 15 million 3 hundred 25 thousand 4 hundred and 56:

8’’’ 15’’ 325’ 456

练习方法:以口语带动听力



b 小数的读法:

小数点念‖point‖ , 小数点前的―零‖有时可以省略不念,也可念为zero, nought,
oh. 小数点后的零读作oh

eg. 0.009 : point o o nine 或 zero point o o nine



c.

百分数的读法:

eg.

54.6% fifty four point six out of a hundred

0.2% two tenths of a percent

3.5% three and a half percent

54.5% fifty four and a half percent



d -ty 与 –teen的区别

-teen结尾的有两个重读音节, -ty只有一个重读音节

eg. fifteen , fifty

thirteen , thirty

19 90 18 80 17 70 16 60 15 50 14 40 13 30 12 20



e. 货币单位

dollarbuck 美元 eg. Six bucks 15 dollars 95 cents

quarter 25美分

dime 10美分

nickel 5美分

penny 1美分

英国:pound 英镑

1英镑=100便士

penny 便士 pence(便士的复数)

20英镑50便士: twenty pounds fifty pence. Or twenty fifty



f. 时间单位

机场,车站报时:使用的是24小时制,遇到不足10点要补0

9:30 o nine thirty

广播报时:Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) Universal time 格林尼治时间

22pm : 22 hours GMT (BBC)

22 hours universal time

midnight: twenty-four hours 确切时间




g.

表示年份

在二十世纪三十年代 in the 1930’s

读作: in the thirties of the twentieth century

in the nineteen thirties

公元前253年:in the year two fifty- three B.C.



h 数字用于货币

表示正常价格: regular price, normal price.

表示价格划算:

It is an excellent price

It is a good price bargain.

It is a good buy.



表示价格较贵:dear, expensive, steep, more expensive,

表示价格便宜:bargain price 其它说法:cheap, inexpensive, less expensive.
表示减价出售:on sale, Christmas sale, garage sale(现场旧货出售)
price



i. 一些数字的词组

on cloud nine 无比幸福

on cloud nine 无比幸福 eg. I was on cloud nine after I won the game.



Your room at sixes and sevens

at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟



on second thoughts 再三考虑



by ones and twos 零零散散



Two heads are better than one. 两个臭皮匠抵个诸葛亮



in the year one 早年

I used to study in America in the year one 早年在美国读书



ten to one 很可能

Ten to one he has forgotten it



three score years and ten 一辈子

I’ll love you three score years and ten.





三、转折题型

重点听but后面的部分

sale


练习:

1. A. The Chairman didn’t attend the Opening Ceremony at the last minute.

B. The Chairman refused to attend the Opening Ceremony at the last minute.

C. The Chairman never changed his mind to attend the Opening Ceremony at the
last minute.

D. The Chairman made a last minute decision to attend the Opening Ceremony.

At first, the Chairman didn’t intend to attend the opening ceremony, but the
changed his mind at the last minute.



四、否定题型

并不是你听到了not,就一定是否定,也不是 你没有听到not,这个句子就不是否
定。

否定的三种情况

1、完全否定

2、部分否定

3、双重否定



完全否定常用词:

not any

fail to do

far from

the last…to do sth.

deny



部分否定常用词:

seldom

hardly

barely

not all

eg:

Not all children enjoy the trip.

Not everywhere is decorated.



双重否定:指在句中出现两个表示否定的成分,从而表示肯定的含义。

双重否定常用词:

She seldom goes out without her red dress.

No one is unwilling to be a volunteer.



一种考试中经常出错的特殊形式:

You cannot eat too much.

你吃得越多越好。



I cannot agree with you more.

我太同意你的看法了。




can not后加比较级不是表示否定,而表示更加的肯定。



五、因果关系题

考点:原因句

练习:

?

A. Mrs. Green signed when she heard the suggestion.

?

B. Mrs. Green rejected the committee’s suggestion.

?

C. Mrs. Green quit when her idea was not accepted.

?

D. Mrs. Green didn’t accept the signature

Mrs. Green resigned from the committee yesterday because her proposal to close the
downtown branch was rejected.



六、让步状语从句题

考点:

在从句条件内 容的前提下,主句的情况依然出现。从句中尽管说到although…但
是主句的情况不受影响。
解题技巧是:置换引导从句中的连接词,然后认清主句的内容。

练习:

?

1.A. Miss Brown is one of the best teachers because she has taught longer.

?

B. Miss Brown has the best experience of all the college instructors.

?

C. Miss Brown does not have enough qualification to teach in the college.

?

D. Miss Brown is an excellent teacher in spite of her insufficient
experience.

Although Miss Brown has less teaching experience than other faculty member, she is
one of the best instructors in the college.

解题技巧:首先寻找是否有although置换项,立刻发现in spite of.第二步检查两
句主句意思是否相符。



?

2.A. Lena has trouble with office work.

?

B. Lena doesn’t like her colleagues in the office.

?

C. Lena intends to become a full-time student.

?

D. Lena gets on very well in her MBA studies.

Lena wants to give up office work to concentrate on her MBA courses, even though
she has been quite successful at her job.



七、建议和个人意见题型

这种题型往往以下列方式出现:

I am afraid…

I think

Why not

Why can’t we

How about

You should


You’d better

特点:所提出的建议往往是对过去状态的不满。

A. Typing the memorandum is sometimes unnecessary.

B. You will understand it if you read the memorandum a second time.

C. The first draft of the memorandum is not satisfactory.

D. The first draft of the memorandum is better than the second one

I’m afraid you’ll have to revise and type the memorandum of understanding
a second time.

?



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