价格不菲-傲慢的近义词
缩写与Spot Dictation
一、缩写练习:
第一段缩写训练答案:
Many pl’s favorite hob is
sports. Ty spend + - thr spr tm play(g) team game
like
footbbaseb, games for(4) 24 pl, like
tennis, or golf. Sm pl like 2 prac . Indiv spt
like
run(g)swim(g). Pl usually prac . Spt 4 at
least 3 reason. 1st, ty enjoy it & 2st, ty feel .
Nd 2 kp fit __ tt ty feel +2 after ty had sm
exer.
逐句讲解
Many pl’s
favorite hob is sports.
pl =people
Ty spend + - thr spr tm play(g) team
game like footbbaseb,
Ty=they thr=
their thm=them +=much +++2=more +3=most
-=little -2=less -3=least
the most beautiful girl = +3 beautiful
girl
the highest mountain = +3 high
-=of
spr =spare
(g)=ing
game=gm
footb= football baseb
=baseball
=or
games
for(4) 24 pl,
4=for
24=2 or 4
like tennis, or golf. Sm pl like 2
prac . c spt like run(g)swim(g).
Sm=some
Pl=people
2=to
prac= practice
. =aan
indiv=
individual
run(g)=running
swim(g).= swimming
=or
Pl usually prac . Spt 4 at least 3 reason.
Pl= people
prac= practice
.=a
spt= sport
1st, ty enjoy it & 2st, ty feel . Nd 2 kp fit
__ tt ty feel +2 after ty had sm exer.
1st= First,
ty= they
& =
and
.Nd= need
kp= keep
_=in
-=of
tt=that
b+2=
better
m+2=more
sm=some
exer=exercise
注意:Spot
Dictation中少用符号
第一段缩写训练原文
Many people’s favorite hobby is sports.
They spend much of their spare time
playing
team games like football or baseball, games for
two or four people, like tennis,
or golf. Some
people like to practice an individual sport like
running or swimming.
People usually practice a
sport for at least three reasons. First, they
enjoy it and
second, they feel a need to keep
fit in that they feel better after they had some
exercise.
二、
缩写4种方法:
1、拿掉所有元音
Eg. market
--------mkt
standard------std
message------msg
receive-------rcv
2、保留开头几个字母
Eg. Information
-----info
Insurance------Ins
Exchange-----exch
Individual-----
indiv
The STDn – MKT
I RCV . MSG
frm th indiv pl
I want to exch info with
u
3、保留开头和结尾
Eg. Week
-----wk
Need----- nd
Meet------mt
Room-----rm
4、根据发音
Eg. Are-------r
Though---tho
Through---thru
三、
缩写中的常用缩略词
Good----gd important-----
imp
Include---incd
market-----mkt
Situation----sitn
regular-----regl life=lf
Reference----ref
necessary---ncry
Apartment----apt
apt 右上方加m m表示ment后缀
according----acdg
g=ing
Advertisement----ad
advice----adv amount —AMT
conform----
cfm
Condition----cond
Under no condition by no means
department-----dept
Explain----expln
impossible----imps
Model---mdl
observe----obs
Ordinary----ord
accept----acpt
Balance----bal
cancel----cncl
Exchange----exch
individual----indiv
Position----posn
product----prod
Representative---rep
repeat----rpt
Please----pls
possible-----poss
Receive----rcv
练习部分
this is a good important
market
here is the necessary advice I
want
I will accept the position as a
manager
频率高的词用缩写
考试时尽量用学过的缩写,不要用太多
四、
地名简写:
Korea : K Sweden : SD
Switzerland: SW
Australia: AA
Israel : IS Italy : IT
Spain:
SP
通常是提取国家单词的首字母
五、
缩写中较长单词的处理:
-ism
---------m eg. Socialism 社会主义 S(m)
local
-tion---------n eg.
Standardization 原始化 std(n)
凡是从原始动词延伸出来的各种
形容词、名字、副词,只需写出动词,各种形式
从缩写的右上方进行添加处理。
-ing----------g eg. Marketing
mkt(g)
-ment-------mt eg. Amendment
amend(mt)
-ble---------bl
注:遇到以able或ible为后缀的词,可以提取bl作为信息点写在这个词的右上
方
eg. Available av(bl)
-ful
---------fl eg. Meaningful mn(fl)
复习一下:
缩写的四种方法是:
1、拿掉原因保留 2、保留开头几个字母
3、保留开头和结尾
4、根据发音缩写
地名和较长单词的缩写方法
六、
本单元测试
But
spt is not just 4 participants. Its 4 spect(o)
too. M – pl all over the world spend
hs every
wk watch(g) spt event on tv, at stadiums. Pl
enjoy be(g) fanssupp(o) – 1
team & many prof.
are now as pop & fame as the +3 great Hollywd
movie star.
逐句分析:
But
spt is not just 4 participants.
But=向上的箭头
或自己创造
spt=sport
4=for
注:遇到动词延伸的人称,可以写出动词后在右上角划一个圆圈
eg:
work(0)=worker
teach(0)=teacher
核心词compete及延伸词
compete=comp
comp(o)= competitor
comp(v)=competitive
注:缩写词右上方加v表示那些以ive结尾的形容词
comp
(n)=competition
comp (g)=competing
Its 4 spect(o) too.
spect(o)= spectator
M – pl
all over the world spend hs every wk watch(g) spt
event on tv, at stadiums.
M= millions
T=thousand
H= hundred
另一种用符号表示的方式
右上方加1个“′”=thousand
右上方加2个“′”=millions
右上方加3个“′”= trillion
–=of
pl= people
hs= hours
wk= week
watch(g)=
watching
spt= sport
= or
Pl enjoy be(g) fanssupp(o) – 1 team &
many prof. are now as pop & fame as the
+3
great Hollywd movie star。
Pl = People
be(g)= being
fans = “fans” or
supporter =supp(o)
–= of
1=
one
team & many= team and many
prof.= professionals
pop= popular
fame= famous
&=and
the +3
great= the greatest
原文展示:
But sport is not just for participants. Its
for spectators too. Millions of people all over
the world spend hours every week watching
sports events on television, or at stadiums.
People enjoy being “fans” or ―supporters‖ of
one team and many professionals are
now as
popular and famous as the greatest Hollywood movie
stars.
第五章
听力微技巧与Listening Comprehension
八大题型介绍:
一、虚拟语气题
考点:条件句
过去考试的经验:答案往往表现为否定句形式
练习:
?
1.A. I knew Mr. Smith wanted to sell his
computer, but I didn’t buy it.
?
B. I didn’t buy Mr. Smith’s computer
because I didn’t know he was selling
it.
?
C. I bought the computer
without knowing it was Mr. Smith’s.
?
D. I’ll buy the computer as soon as Mr.
Smith wants to sell it.
I’d have bought
Mr. Smith’s computer if I had known he was selling
it.
?
2.A. He
didn’t know what would happen if he made the
suggestion.
?
B. He
didn’t feel nervous after he had put forward the
suggestion.
?
C. He
realized that the committee members would not
adopt his suggestion.
?
D. He considered it important to talk to the
committee members first.
Had he realized
the possible consequences, he wouldn’t have made
the suggestion
at the committee meeting last
week.
二、数字题型
技巧:听到的数字通常不是正确答案。
通常要了解时间、日期、价钱、号码、航班等数字的不同读法。
练习:
?
1. A. 30 guests came.
B. 20 guests didn’t receive their invitation
cards.
C. 40 guests came.
D. More guests came than were expected.
About one-third of the sixty invited guests
failed to show up at the dinner party.
?
2. A. We need to pay $$25
per piece. B. We need to pay $$50 per
piece.
C. We need to pay $$75
per piece. D. We need to pay $$125 per
piece.
The Company quoted a
price of 100 dollars a piece for the summer after
much bargain. We got an offer at 25%
discount.
3. A. The plane left two hours
before.
B. The plane left at
ten o’clock in the morning.
C. The plane left at two o’clock in the
afternoon.
D. The plane left
at four o’clock in the afternoon.
The
plane for Los Angeles was supposed to take off at
noon, but due to a minor
fault in one of the
engines the flight was delayed of 2 hours.
常考的数字类型:
a
大额数字的听记方法:
thousand ‘
million ‘’ billion ‘’’
eg. 35 thousand 35’
8 hundred
and 40 thousand 840’
1
million 5 hundred thousand 1’’ 500’
8 billion 15 million 3 hundred 25 thousand 4
hundred and 56:
8’’’
15’’ 325’ 456
练习方法:以口语带动听力
b 小数的读法:
小数点念‖point‖ ,
小数点前的―零‖有时可以省略不念,也可念为zero, nought,
oh.
小数点后的零读作oh
eg. 0.009 : point o o
nine 或 zero point o o nine
c.
百分数的读法:
eg.
54.6% fifty four point six
out of a hundred
0.2% two
tenths of a percent
3.5%
three and a half percent
54.5% fifty four
and a half percent
d -ty 与
–teen的区别
-teen结尾的有两个重读音节,
-ty只有一个重读音节
eg. fifteen ,
fifty
thirteen , thirty
19 90 18 80 17 70 16 60 15 50 14 40 13 30
12 20
e. 货币单位
dollarbuck 美元 eg. Six bucks 15 dollars 95
cents
quarter 25美分
dime 10美分
nickel 5美分
penny 1美分
英国:pound 英镑
1英镑=100便士
penny 便士
pence(便士的复数)
20英镑50便士: twenty pounds
fifty pence. Or twenty fifty
f. 时间单位
机场,车站报时:使用的是24小时制,遇到不足10点要补0
9:30 o nine thirty
广播报时:Greenwich
Mean Time (GMT) Universal time 格林尼治时间
22pm : 22 hours GMT (BBC)
22 hours universal time
midnight: twenty-four hours 确切时间
g.
表示年份
在二十世纪三十年代
in the 1930’s
读作: in the thirties of the
twentieth century
in the nineteen
thirties
公元前253年:in the year two fifty-
three B.C.
h 数字用于货币
表示正常价格: regular price, normal price.
表示价格划算:
It is an excellent price
It is a good price bargain.
It is a
good buy.
表示价格较贵:dear,
expensive, steep, more expensive,
表示价格便宜:bargain price 其它说法:cheap, inexpensive,
less expensive.
表示减价出售:on sale, Christmas
sale, garage sale(现场旧货出售)
price
i. 一些数字的词组
on cloud nine 无比幸福
on cloud nine 无比幸福 eg. I was on cloud nine
after I won the game.
Your room
at sixes and sevens
at sixes and sevens
乱七八糟
on second thoughts
再三考虑
by ones and twos 零零散散
Two heads are better than one.
两个臭皮匠抵个诸葛亮
in the year one 早年
I used to study in America in the year
one 早年在美国读书
ten to one 很可能
Ten to one he has forgotten it
three score years and ten 一辈子
I’ll love you three score years and ten.
三、转折题型
重点听but后面的部分
sale
练习:
1. A. The Chairman didn’t
attend the Opening Ceremony at the last
minute.
B. The Chairman refused to
attend the Opening Ceremony at the last
minute.
C. The Chairman never changed
his mind to attend the Opening Ceremony at the
last minute.
D. The Chairman made a
last minute decision to attend the Opening
Ceremony.
At first, the Chairman
didn’t intend to attend the opening ceremony, but
the
changed his mind at the last minute.
四、否定题型
并不是你听到了not,就一定是否定,也不是
你没有听到not,这个句子就不是否
定。
否定的三种情况
1、完全否定
2、部分否定
3、双重否定
完全否定常用词:
not any
fail to
do
far from
the last…to do
sth.
deny
部分否定常用词:
seldom
hardly
barely
not all
eg:
Not all children
enjoy the trip.
Not everywhere is
decorated.
双重否定:指在句中出现两个表示否定的成分,从而表示肯定的含义。
双重否定常用词:
She seldom goes out without
her red dress.
No one is unwilling to be a
volunteer.
一种考试中经常出错的特殊形式:
You cannot eat too much.
你吃得越多越好。
I cannot agree with you more.
我太同意你的看法了。
can
not后加比较级不是表示否定,而表示更加的肯定。
五、因果关系题
考点:原因句
练习:
?
A. Mrs. Green signed when
she heard the suggestion.
?
B. Mrs. Green rejected the committee’s
suggestion.
?
C. Mrs.
Green quit when her idea was not accepted.
?
D. Mrs. Green didn’t
accept the signature
Mrs. Green resigned
from the committee yesterday because her proposal
to close the
downtown branch was rejected.
六、让步状语从句题
考点:
在从句条件内
容的前提下,主句的情况依然出现。从句中尽管说到although…但
是主句的情况不受影响。
解题技巧是:置换引导从句中的连接词,然后认清主句的内容。
练习:
?
1.A. Miss Brown is
one of the best teachers because she has taught
longer.
?
B. Miss Brown
has the best experience of all the college
instructors.
?
C. Miss
Brown does not have enough qualification to teach
in the college.
?
D.
Miss Brown is an excellent teacher in spite of her
insufficient
experience.
Although Miss
Brown has less teaching experience than other
faculty member, she is
one of the best
instructors in the college.
解题技巧:首先寻找是否有although置换项,立刻发现in spite
of.第二步检查两
句主句意思是否相符。
?
2.A. Lena has trouble with office work.
?
B. Lena doesn’t like her
colleagues in the office.
?
C. Lena intends to become a full-time
student.
?
D. Lena gets
on very well in her MBA studies.
Lena
wants to give up office work to concentrate on her
MBA courses, even though
she has been quite
successful at her job.
七、建议和个人意见题型
这种题型往往以下列方式出现:
I
am afraid…
I think
Why not
Why can’t we
How about
You
should
You’d better
特点:所提出的建议往往是对过去状态的不满。
A. Typing the
memorandum is sometimes unnecessary.
B.
You will understand it if you read the memorandum
a second time.
C. The first draft of the
memorandum is not satisfactory.
D. The
first draft of the memorandum is better than the
second one
I’m afraid you’ll have to
revise and type the memorandum of understanding
a second time.
?
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