2017年 考研英语二真题全文翻译解析(华明网校版)

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题
Section I Use of English
Section I Use of English
Directions：
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and
mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

People have speculated for centuries about a future without work. Today is no
different， with academics， writers， and activists once again 1 that technology is
replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be
defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital， and the masses will
struggle in an impoverished wasteland.
A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a
wasteland of a different sort， one 4 by purposelessness： Without jobs to give their
lives 5 ， people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 today’s unemployed don’t
seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans
who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression， double the
rate for 7 Americans. Also， some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of
mortality， mental-health problems， and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged
people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing
dullness of a jobless future.
But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work
would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed
in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work， a society
designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the
future of labor and leisure. Today， the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many
jobs are boring， degrading， unhealthy， and a waste of human potential，” says
John Danaher， a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.
These days， because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers， people
use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs.
“When I come home from a hard day’s work， I often feel 18 ，” Danaher says，
adding， “In a world in which I don’t have to work， I might feel rather
different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion
project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.
1. [A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring
2. [A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty
3. [A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction
4. [A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured
5. [A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom
6. [A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless
7. [A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated

8. [A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute
9. [A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among
10. [A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside
11. [A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically
12. [A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles
13. [A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course
14. [A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield
15. [A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship
16. [A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce
17. [A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats
18. [A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved
19. [A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into
20. [A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal
Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A
Directions：
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing
A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）
Text 1
Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km
around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and
has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by
thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their
times range from Andrew Baddeley's world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an
hour.
Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic
on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in
London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to
level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter,
healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults
doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run－up to 2012－but the
general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an
accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two
hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and
children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to
generation.
Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos
welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped
over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast,
wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual
aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for
newcomers.
Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the

planning of such a fundamentally concept as community sports
associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in
providing common goods－making sure there is space for playing fields and the
money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these
activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green
spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in
education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more
to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.
21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has_____.
A．gained great popularity
B．created many jobs
C．strengthened community ties
D．become an official festival

22. The author believes that London's Olympic
A．boost population growth
B．promote sport participation
C．improve the city's image
D．increase sport hours in schools


23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it_____.
A．aims at discovering talents
B．focuses on mass competition
C．does not emphasize elitism
D．does not attract first-timers


24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should_____.
A．organize
B．supervise local sports associations
C．increase funds for sports clubs
D．invest in public sports facilities


25. The author's attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_____.
A．tolerant
B．critical
C．uncertain
D．sympathetic


Text 2
With so much focus on children’s use of screens, it's easy for parents to forget about

their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky
in her study of digital play, digital products are there to promote maximal
engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the
family routine.”
Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving
mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices
during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal
interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones
became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails
while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.
Infants are wired to look at parents’ faces to try to understand their world, and if
those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a
device－it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still
face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In
it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a
blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes
increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention.
have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and
parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal
expressions of an emotional need,
On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids' use of
screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should
always be interacting” with their children: “It’s based on a somewhat fantasized, very
white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child
to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believes that just because a child
isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it－particularly if it
gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their
child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or
get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be
more available to their child the rest of the time.
26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______.
A．simplify routine matters
B．absorb user attention
C．better interpersonal relations
D．increase work efficiency

27. Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’ use of devices ______.
A．takes away babies’ appetite
B．distracts children’s attention
C．slows down babies’ verbal development
D．reduces mother-child communication


28. Radesky’s cites the “still face experiment” to show that _______.

A．it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions
B．verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange
C．children are insensitive to changes in their parents’ mood
D．parents need to respond to children's emotional needs

29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______.
A．protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies
B．teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year
C．ensure constant interaction with their children
D．remain concerned about kid's use of screens

30. According to Tronick, kid’s use of screens may_______.
A．give their parents some free time
B．make their parents more creative
C．help them with their homework
D．help them become more attentive


Text 3
Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with
increasingly high expectations in a fast- moving world often causes students to
completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you
know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn't it? And
after going to school for 12 years, it doesn't feel natural to spend a year doing
something that isn’t academic.
But while this may be true, it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years.
There's always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially
perpetuated “race to the finish line,” whether that be toward graduate school,
medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year
does not hinder the success of academic pursuits－in fact, it probably enhances it.
Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year
are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do
not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing
them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes－all things
that first- year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen
the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new
environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than
acclimation blunders.
If you're not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests,
then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. According to the
National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up
changing their majors at least once. This isn’t surprising, considering the basic
mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of
themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another

after taking college classes. It’s not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the
school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At
Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to
switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure
things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.
31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that_____.
A．they think it academically misleading
B．they have a lot of fun to expect in college
C．it feels strange to do differently from others
D．it seems worthless to take off-campus courses

32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps_____.
A．keep students from being unrealistic
B．lower risks in choosing careers
C．ease freshmen’s financial burdens
D．relieve freshmen of pressures

33. The word “acclimation”（Line 8, Para. 3） is closest in meaning to_____.
A．adaptation
B．application
C．motivation
D．competition

34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them_____.
A．avoid academic failures
B．establish long-term goals
C．switch to another college
D．decide on the right major

35. The most suitable title for this text would be_____.
A．In Favor of the Gap Year
B．The ABCs of the Gap Year
C．The Gap Year Comes Back
D．The Gap Year: A Dilemma

Text 4
Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of
wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says
Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.
In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $$5.5 billion
annual budget fighting fires－nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts
20 years ago. In effect, fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency's
other work－such as forest conservation, watershed and cultural resources
management, and infrastructure upkeep－that affect the lives of all Americans.

Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going
into construction in fire-prone districts. As Moritz puts it, how often are federal
dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?
“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole
country,” he says. We need to take a magnifying glass to that. Like, “Wait a minute, is
this OK?”“Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on
lower-hazard parts of the landscape?”
Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views
fire, researchers say.
For one thing, conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive. Over the past
decade, the focus has been on climate change－how the warming of the Earth from
greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.
While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn’t come at the expense of the
rest of the equation.
“The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions
go both ways,he says. Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to overly
simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of
what the solution is becomes very limited.”
At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly
controlled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at the University
of Colorado. But acknowledging fire's inevitable presence in human life is an attitude
crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible,
she says.
“We’ve disconnected ourselves from living with fire,” Balch says. “It is really
important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with
fire today.”
36. More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015
they_____.
A．exhausted unprecedented management efforts
B．consumed a record-high percentage of budget
C．severely damaged the ecology of western states
D．caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure

37. Moritz calls for the use of
A．raise more funds for fire-prone areas
B．avoid the redirection of federal money
C．find wildfire-free parts of the landscape
D．guarantee safer spending of public funds

38. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that _____.
A．public debates have not settled yet
B．fire-fighting conditions are improving
C．other factors should not be overlooked
D．a shift in the view of fire has taken place

39. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to _____.
A．discover the fundamental makeup of nature
B．explore the mechanism of the human systems
C．maximize the role of landscape in human life
D．understand the interrelations of man and nature

40. Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should _____.
A．do away with
B．come to terms with
C．pay a price for
D．keep away from




Part B
Directions：
Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column
to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices
in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）
The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald
Trump.
own made-in-Mexico clothing line.
Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades,
and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit
manufacturing.
But there is also a different way to look at the data.
Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead
of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade
competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of
thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennials may not be that interested in
taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.
For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers－and upward
pressure on wages. harder to find and they have job offers,says Jay
Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, may be
coming [into the workforce], but they've been plucked by other industries that are
also doing an well as manufacturing,Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school
juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.
At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment
that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his
nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college
students enrolled in a work- placement program, with a starting wage of $$13 an hour
that rises to $$17 after two years.

At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by
the copper coils he's trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It's his first
week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he
considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering.
with tools. I love creating.
But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major
hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great
Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials
mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession,
Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western
Michigan.
These concerns aren't misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17
million in 1970 to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages
first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill
levels.

says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College.
enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don't need
to have much skill. It's that gap in between, and that's where the problem is.
Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials
into manufacturing: a worklife balance. While their parents were content to work
long hours, young people value flexibility. is not attractive to this
generation. They really want to live their lives,

[A] says that he switched to electrical
engineering because he loves working
with tools。
[B] points out that there are enough people
41。 Jay Deuwell
to fill the jobs that don’t need much skill。
[C] points out that the US doesn’t
42。 Jason Stenquist
manufacture anything anymore。
[D] believes that it is important to keep a
43。 Birgit Klohs
close eye on the age of his workers。
[E] says that for factory owners， workers are
44。 Rob Spohr
harder to find because of stiff competition。

[F] points out that a worklife balance can
Parks
attract young people into manufacturing。
[G] says that the manufacturing recession is
to blame for the lay-off the young people’s
parents。

Section III Translation
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into
Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10
points)
46.
My Dream

My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and

publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and
design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However,
during that course I realised that I was not good enough in this area to compete with
other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path
for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism,
because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. But, to be absolutely
honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream - I
knew that no one, apart from myself, could imagine me in the fashion industry at all!

Section IV Writing
Part A
47 Directions:
Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese
culture to a group of international students. Write a reply to
1）Accept the invitation, and
2）Introduce the key points of your presentation.
You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.
Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming ” instead.
Do not write the address .(10 points)

Part B

48. Directions:
Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)
You should
1) interpret the chart, and
2) give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题答案解析
答案速查：
1-5 CADAB 6-10 BCADC
11-15 CBADC 16-20 DABDB
21-25 ABCDB 26-30 BDDCA
31-35 CDADA 36-40 BDCBD
41-45 EAGBF
Section I Use of English
文章题材结构分析
本文选自《大西洋月刊》中7月28日的题为“Would a Work-Free
World Be So Bad?”的文章，主要描述对无需工作的一种未来的设想
和分析。 首段引出猜想并设置质疑，第二段指出人们对“无业的未来”
感到焦虑可能的原因。三、四两段进一阐述 和解读无需工作的未来的
优劣。
试题解析
1.【解析】C。动词词义辨析。作家学 者警示人们技术会代替人类劳
动。boast吹嘘、自负，deny否认，ensure确保，warn ing警示，警
告。
2.【解析】A。上下文理解。根据后文富人会拥有所有资产，贫困地
区也会扎堆，可以看出此处想表达不平等的意思。inequality不平
等，instab ility不稳定性，unreliability不可靠性，uncertainty
不确定性。

3.【解析】 D。词义辨析。policy政策，guideline指导方针，resolution决心，prediction预测。该句意为：另外一种预测认
为??。从内 容上看，空格之后的内容 “holds that the future
will be a wasteland of a different sort，”该定语从句是对空
格词汇的修饰与说明，既然文中用到了will 这一个表示将来时态的
助动词，故答案为prediction。
4.【解析】A。动词词义辨析。该句意为未来社会的特点是无目的性。
5.【解析】B。词 义辨析，上下文理解。没有了工作富裕生活的意义，
人们会变得懒散沮丧。其他几项不符合题意。
6.【解析】B。考查副词。Indeed实际上，那些失业者生活并不美好。
7.【解析】 C。上下文理解。前面提到失业的美国人在和工作的美国
人作对比。此外，前面提到unemploye d 。此处在进行对比，故选择
表示反义呼应的词working。
8.【解析】A。词义辨 析。死亡率升高，心理健康问题等是因为没有
工资待遇较好的工作，这就解释了原因问题。Explan ation符合题意。
9.【解析】D。介词辨析。没有受到良好教育的中年人中间这些问题
比较严重。很明显应该指前者的发生范围，浏览四个选项，
among“在....中”表示范围，符合 此处语义需要，故为答案。
10.【解析】C。固定搭配意思辨析。Worry about担心，leave behind
丢弃、使落后，make up 组成，set aside 留出，把??放在一旁。
该句意为这就是为什么人们担心未来无工作的无聊。
1 1.【解析】C。副词词义辨析。Necessarily必然地，statistically

统计地，occasionally偶然地，economically经济上地。该句想表
达 并不必然的意思。
12.【解析】B。理解上下文。前面说没有工作会导致不安，这些观念
是来源于在职业概念的社会中失业的消极面。
13.【解析】A。固定搭配。In absence of 缺乏，in height of 在?
高度，in face of 面临，in course of 在?中。该句意为如果没有
工作，也就是in absence of job。
14.【解析】D。动词词义辨析。没有工作的社会能为人们带来放松。
Yield 有获得、带来的意思，disturb打扰、妨碍，restore恢复、
交还，exclude排斥。
15.【解析】C。词义辨析。根据后面工作的缺点可以推测此处想表达
工作的优点被过分夸大 了。virtue优点，好处。
16.【解析】D。词义辨析和上下文理解。休闲时间对工作人来说相对
较少。
17.【解析】A。词义辨析。闲暇时间来平衡人们的智力和情感需求。
18.【解析】B。词义理解。下班回到家感觉到疲惫。Starved饥饿的。
19.【解析】D。固定搭配和介词使用。Throw into投身于，throw off
摆脱，throw against扔掉，throw behind抛开。投身到自己的爱好
之中。
20.【解析】B。词义辨析。一些需要专业技 能的项目。并且此处空格
和前面的intensity 形成呼应与关联。故此处professional符合语
义需要。

全文翻译
没有工作的未来会怎么样？人们就此问题已经臆测了数世纪，现
在还在继续，因为学者、作家、 激进分子纷纷再次警醒人们，科学技
术正在代替人类工作者。有些人猜测，那个即将到来、没有工作的未
来的主要特点将是不平等：少数富人拥有所有资本，而大众将在贫瘠
的废墟中挣扎。
有一个预测与众不同，少些偏执且不相互矛盾。它认为未来将会
变成另类的废墟，以漫无目的为特征：没 有了赋予生活意义的工作，
人们就会变得懒惰和消沉。今天的失业人群确实没什么好日子过。
在一份盖洛普民意测验发中发现，有20%至少失业一年的美国人报告
患有抑郁症，这个比率是未失业美 国人的两倍。一些研究还表明，死
亡、精神疾患以及毒瘾的比率在受教育水平低的中年人中上升的原因< br>是他们缺少高收入的工作。也许这就是许多人对一个“无业的未来”
而感到焦虑困顿的原因。 < br>不过，由诸如此类的发现未必就能得出结论说，没有工作的未来
将充斥着不满。这样的展望是以失 业的消极面为基础的，而这样的消
极面只存在于建立在就业观念上的社会中。没有了工作，社会追求的< br>目标就会有所不同，在这样的社会里，劳动和休闲将会别有一番境况。
如今，我们或许过度渲染了 工作的优点。“很多工作无聊、不体面、
不健康，是对人类潜能的一种浪费，”戈尔韦市爱尔兰国立大学 的讲
师约翰·达纳赫说道。
现如今，因为大多数劳动者都相对缺少休闲时间，所以人们就利< br>用自己的闲暇时间去平衡在工作中的智力和情感付出。“结束一天的

辛苦工作回到 家时，我经常感到疲惫。”达纳赫说。他又补充道，“在
一个不需要工作的世界里，我的感受或许会有所 不同”——不同到足
以使他投身一项业余爱好或一个有激情的项目，用通常只在处理工作
时才会 有的热情投入其中。

Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Text 1
文章题材结构分析
本文选自2015年7月5日的
The Guardian
（卫报）。主要就
“公园跑”现象在英国的普及和发展进行了讨论。第一段说明“公园
跑”在英国已十分普遍。第二段说 明2012伦敦奥运会的后续效应并
没有对英国人的运动状况起到积极作用，从而引出“公园跑”的积极
作用。第三段对比了奥运会和“公园跑”的不同目的和产生的不同影
响。第四段指出通过“公园 跑”现象普及，探讨英国政府在群众体育
中发挥的作用。
试题解析
21.【解析】 A。通过题干可以定位在第一段，可以通过，每天超过五
万人跑步、引发了400场运动在英国和在国外 等信息得知，公园跑很
受欢迎，由此可见，这是一个全民运动，与A选项的 great popularity
相互对应，所以选A。 其他选项，B创造了很多就业机会；C增强
了社 会的凝聚力；D成为一个官方的节日；这几个选项原文中都没有
涉及，所以排除。

22.【解析】B。通过题干伦敦和奥林匹克遗产可以定位到第二段，题
目问的是伦敦奥运会的遗产 没有做成什么事，题干中的failed to可以
对应第二段即使看到了failing，但并没有答 案。再往下看，伦敦奥运
会承诺，人口将会更健康、更多冠军，但这并没有发生，not happed
才真正对应failed to.
23.【解析】C。这道题定位在第三段的 中间，奥林匹克的倡导者相反，
想要更多的参与运动创造更多的精英。由题干中的关键词Parkrun is
different from Olympic games in that...可以知道 这是想考察
Parkrun和Olympic的区别。追溯到原文，可以看到文中的第三段第
一 句话：Parkrun is not a race but a time trial.从这句话可以排除A和B，因为A和B都和竞争有关，D选项可以从这一段的这一
句话：there is much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being
clapped over the line as there is ...可知，Parkru n有很多第
一次参加的人，所以排除D。最后可以知道，答案选C，因为parkrun
不是比 赛，所以就不重视精英主义。
24.【解析】D。提到大众体育，作者认为政府应该投资公共的体育设
施。政府在第四段的中间，讲到政府应该训练的空间、用钱去铺设网
球场，这里是答案的同意转 换，由此可以排除A，B，C，最终选择D。
25. 【解析】B。最后一段but转折后说，继任的 政府卖绿地、减少
本地政府的预算同时减少在体育方面的关注度，所以持批判态度。由
此可以得 出答案B。tolerant:宽容的，容忍的； uncertain：含糊的，
不确定的；sympathetic：同情的，赞同的。

全文翻译
每周六早上的9点，有5万多名跑者在当地的公园启程跑5公里。< br>“公园跑”现象始于十几个朋友的兴趣，并由此引发了英国以及国外
近400场赛事。成千上万的 志愿者充当这些免费赛事的工作人员，跑
者的年龄从4岁到祖父母的年纪，他们跑5公里的用时跨度从安 德
鲁·巴德利的世界纪录13分钟48秒到一小时之间。
“公园跑”的兴起的同时，伦敦奥运 会的“遗产”却在衰落。（所
谓的“遗产”指的是伦敦奥运会的后效应。）十年前的一个周一，第
30届奥林匹克运动会被宣布将在伦敦举行。规划文件中承诺,奥运会
的伟大“遗产”就是让一个国家 的体育爱好者们可以离开他们的沙发，
国民会更强壮加、更加健康并缔造出更多的成功者，但这些还没有 实
现。虽然成年人每周运动量上升,到2012年近200百万人参与跑步，
但是人口增长速度 更快。更糟糕的是,锻炼人群的数字正在加速下降。
反对者主张将小学生每周至少两个小时的运动时间减 少近一半。肥胖
在成人和儿童中急剧增加。官方不断的反思为什么2012伦敦奥运没
起到激励 一代人的作用。而“公园跑”的成功提供了成功的思路。
“公园跑”不是竞速比赛而是计时测验:你唯 一的竞争对手是时
钟，任何人都可以参与其中。当一名气喘吁吁的新手跑过终点线时，
掌声在快 乐的氛围中响起，跑者身上也会闪耀着顶尖的高手的光辉。
相比之下，奥运会的竞标者的目的是想让更多 的人参与运动，缔造更
多的优秀运动员。这样的两个目的相互交织会让新人感到成功的压力
从而 心生畏惧。

事实上，有点荒诞的是，国家制定的规划却是以“草根（基层组
织 ）”为基础的，grassroots即社区体育组织。政府要在其中扮演的
角色应该是参与提供公共资 源，确保有空间作为运动场所，确保有资
金来铺设网球场地和篮网球场馆,并制定规则让所有这些活动得 以在
学校中开展。但历届政府都只负责卖绿地,压榨地方当局资金，降低
了对体育教育的关注。 有价值的政策不是用嘴说的，未来政府需要做
更多来为运动发展提供条件，或者至少不会使它们变得更糟 。

Text2
文章题材结构分析
本文选自Scientific American （科学美国人），这篇文章告诉
我们孩子会因为父母沉溺于电子设备而无暇及时给予 回应，会让孩子
陷入极度的不安之中。第一段开门见山直接指出父母过多使用数码产
品对家庭不 利的观点；第二、三段 引入研究结论认为手机减少了妈
妈与孩子间的交流，父母应当对孩子的情感表达 做出及时的回应；最
后引用心理学家的观点，说明在一定条件下使用数码产品并不是完全
有害的 。
试题解析
26.【解析】B。细节题，根据题原文第一段“??digital products
are there to promote maximal engagement.”可知，B选项中absorb
和promote对应，user attention和engagement 对应。

27.【解析】D。细节题。根据原文第二段“She found that mothers
who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer
verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their
childr en.”从这里可以知道，母亲使用手机会减少20%的语言交流
机会，39%的非语言交流。由此可以 得出答案为D减少了母亲和孩子
之间的交流。
28.【解析】 D。例证题，根据原文第三段“??there needs to be
a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to
a child's verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need”
可知，D选项中need to respond to children' s emotional needs
和本句同意替换。因此D选项是正确选项。
29.【解析】C。本题目为具体细节题。根据题干的关键词oppressive
ideology和大写字母 Tronick 定位到最后一段的第一句话that之
后。本 句that后的demands对应题干的requires，说道“父母应该
总是要交流”。正确选项 C的constant interaction对应原文的
always interacting。 干扰项A的fantasies是定位句下一句中的个
别词干扰；选项B的30000words同样是 定位句之后的句子中提到的，
而且是if的一个条件句；选项D的concerned是末段首句的concerned，但是偷换概念。
30.【解析】A。本题目为文中人物观点的细节题。根据 题干中的大写
字母Tronick及关键词kid定位到最后一段的倒数第三句，破折号后
面解 释了kid’s use of screens的具体目的。“it gives parents

time to...”与正确选项A完全一致，属于原文的原词复现。干扰项
B的creative并未提及；选项C的homework根据原文的housework
进行干扰， 原文是父母有时间做家务，而选项是帮助孩子做作业；选
项D的attentive并未提及。
全文翻译
因为对儿童使用带屏幕设备的较多关注,父母很容易忽视自己对
带屏幕产品 的使用。珍妮·拉德斯基在她的数字游戏的研究中说“科
技是为了真正让你沉浸其中，数码产品会让人最 大化的提升参与度，
它让人爱不释手,这给很多家庭的日常带来了困扰。”
拉德斯基通过给 对多对母子进行食物测试实验来研究手机和平
板电脑在进餐时间使用状况。她发现依赖数码设备的妈妈们 在实验开
始后会减少与孩子20%的语言交流和39%的非语言交流。在一项独立
的观察中,她 发现手机成为在家庭关系紧张的根源。父母看邮件的同
时,孩子们会报以兴奋以引起父母的注意。 婴儿根据看到的父母的脸色,尝试理解父母的世界,如果父母的
面部表情是苍白或者迟钝时,那么他 们通常沉浸在一台数码产品中，
这种行为对于孩子来说是一种极度不良的危害。拉德斯基援引用了发展心理学家艾德·特罗尼克1970年代设计的“静止面部实验”。实验
中，要求一位母亲在摆出一 幅苍白表情前与她的孩子正常交流互动,
并且不给与孩子任何视觉上的社交反馈；孩子变得越来越痛苦, 她试
图获取母亲的注意力。拉德斯基说“父母不用每时每刻都尽善尽美,
但需把握一个平衡，父 母需要回应和感知孩子的语言或非语言情感需

求的表达。”
另一方面, 特罗 尼克自己关注的是对孩子使用屏幕的焦虑来自
于一种“压迫性的观念”，这种观念要求父母要一直与孩子 保持交流
互动，但这一定意义上说太过理想和纯洁，是非常中上层阶级的观念。
这种观念指出， 如果你不和孩子交流到30000字，那么你正在忽视他
们。特罗尼克相信，仅仅因为孩子不从屏幕上学 习并不意味着没有价
值,孩子使用屏幕会给父母留出时间去洗澡,做家务或者只是脱离孩
子休息 一下。他说,父母可以从孩子使用的数码设备中的时候解脱出
来，和朋友交流或得到一些额外的工作。这 可以使他们感到快乐,并
且让他们给予孩子的时间变得更加积极有效。

Text 3
文章题材结构分析
本文选自Huffington Post
（
赫芬顿邮报）
，
主要指出 “间隔年”
对即将进入大学的 学生未来学习生活的积极意义。第一段指出大部分
学生不休“间隔年”的原因；第二、三两段主要通过分 析对比说明了
“间隔年”对学生今后的学习生活有很多有利之处；第四段通过学业
选择代价的角 度说明了“间隔年”有助于学生选择专业。
试题解析
31. 【解析】 C。细节题，根据原文第一段第二句话“After all, if
everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly
to stay back a year, doesn’t it?”可知，本句用反 问的形式表

达了原因之一在于他们不想和其他人不同。所以C正确。
32.【解析】D。根据题目中的study from the Australia and US可
以定位到第三段第一句话Studies from the United States and
Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally
better prepared for and perform better in college than those
who do no t.。这句话明确说了有间隔年的学生比没有的要好，好在
准备和表现上。所以A：unrealist ic和B：choosing career不对。
第二句在表现好的更细致地方面进行了描述：preparing them for
independence独立性, new responsibilities责任感 and
environmental changes环境变化。紧随的破折号后总结说了这是
first-year students一年级学生 often struggle with the most
常常有苦恼的。说明最受益的是大学一年级学生，而整段都没提过
financial burdens，所以C不对。而D中的pressure是对前面内容
的概括性描述，因此答案是D。
33. 【解析】A。词义题，根据原文第三段最后一句话“Gap year
experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to
college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making
it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than
acclimation blunders.”可知，当谈到适应大学生活并且很快融入
到一 个全新的环境这个问题时，拥有空档年方面的经验可以减少相关
的打击，这就使得专注去学习并且参与活 动而不是______更容易。各
选项代入，A最符合语义，和前面的adjusting to形成复现。

34.【解析】 D。文章最后一段第一句提到了consider its financial
impact on future academic choices。Financial 对应题干中的save
money，而academic c hoices学术选择可以排除A和B。根据最后一
段第三句...students...listi ng one major on their college
applications, but switching to another after taking college
classes.所以第一句中的academic choices指的就是转专业的事儿，
因此选D。
35.【解析】A。第二段第一句话But while this may be true, it's
not a good enough reason to condemn gap years.就用but句说明
了全文就是想说间隔年你值得拥有。而选项中只有A选项in favor of
是持正面积极态度的，因此选A。
全文翻译
在如今这个飞速发展 的世界中，入学以后广泛的社会压力与日益
增长的高期望值是学生们完全忽视了休 “间歇年”的常见原 因。毕
竟，对每个打算秋季入学的学生来说，回去再呆一年似乎显得很愚蠢，
难道不是么？在上 了12年的学之后，大多数人对于花一年时间去做
与学习无关的事会感到很不自然。
也许这就 是事实，我们也没有充足的理由来谴责“间隔年”。有
一种对落后于他人的恐慌感与社会中秉持的“比赛 谁先到终点”的观
念并存，这种恐慌感无论是在研究生教育、医学教育或其他有前景的
事业中都 存在。尽管存在着广泛的误解，“间隔年”并没有阻碍学生
对学业的追求，事实上很可能有助于学生的学 业。

来自美国和澳大利亚的研究表明，休了“间隔年”的学生通常对
大学生活 有更充分的准备，表现也优于那些没有休的学生。“间隔年”
并不是让学生退步，而是推动他们向前，让 他们为开始独立、承担新
的责任和适应环境的改变等因素做好准备，而所有这些因素正是需要
大 一新生付出极大努力克服的。在适应大学和融入一个新的环境时，
间隔年的经历可以减少学生受到打击， 使得学生精力集中在学习和活
动中，避免为了适应新环境而犯错。
如果你对于休“间隔年”的 内在价值还不认同的话，那么你再考
虑一下它可以在未来学业选择上带来的财务影响。据国家教育统计中
心数据显示，有近80%的大学生至少一次改换了他们的专业。这并不
奇怪，鉴于中学基础必修 课程让学生对自己填在大学申请表上的专业
认识并不充分，在大学开课之后是可以转到另一个专业的。这 样未必
是一件坏事，但是这取决于学校，而且在转专业太迟以后补学分的代
价太大。例如在波士 顿大学，从其它院系转到护理学院就需要完成额
外一年的学习。休“间隔年”首要让我们明白的是，这可 以帮助预防
压力以及节约后续资金。

Text 4
文章题材结构分析
本文选自The Christian Science Monito
r
（ 基督教 科学箴言
报），主要探讨了火灾对于联邦资金和美国社会的影响。前两段指出
火灾频发对美国林 务局联邦预算分配的影响。接下来的三段探讨了资

金如此分配到火灾易发生地区是否合理 。而后说明气候因素的影响，
并指出不能孤立看待问题。最后指出人们对于火的认识和态度要有所
转变。
试题解析
36. 【解析】B。本题目是原因细节题。根据题干的关键词wildfires
和national con cern，以及时间词2015，定位到第二段首句。本句
提到US花费了大量的budget，与选项 B中的budget原词复现，high
是原文more than的同义转化，consume同义替 换原文spent。干扰
项A的management是首段末句的人物Max Moritz的职位；选项C的
western states是首段首句的though从句内容，和 题干无关，属于
答非所问；选项D的infrastructure是原文末尾的破折号里such as
的内容，两个破折号里面一定不选。
37.【解析】D。本题目为具体细节题。根据题干的关键词a magnifying
glass和大写字母Moritz定位到第四段第二句，目的就是最后一句。
本句提到“to redirect those funds”，基金重新引导，本段首句也提及a
huge problem from...public expenditure。正确答案D的guarantee safer
spending是对这两句的完全概括，讨论公共基金更好的花费问题。干
扰项 A提到fund，但未说raise more，添加无关内容；选项B与原文
刚好相反，不是avoid避免；选项C是对原文lower- hazard parts of the
landscape的偷换概念。
38.【解析】C。本题是文中人物观点的细节题。根据题干的关键词
climate is a key element及大写字母Moritz定位到第7段的内容。

本句中Mo ritz提到“should not come at the expense of the
e quation”，不以平等的代价而来。正确答案C中的不应该忽视其他
因素是对本句的同义转化与概 括。干扰项A的public debates来自
第6段的the focus但未提及settle 的话题，也非本题定位句；干
扰项B的conditions是第6段的最后一句conditions that worsen
fires，偷换动词worsen与improving；选项D的a shift in the view
of是出现在第五段，时态错误。
39.【答案】 D。本题目为原因细节题。根据题干关键词simplified
view Moritz定位到第8段的首句，“the human systems and the
landscapes... are linked and the interactions go both ways”,
人类与环境是相联系的，并且是相互作用的。正确答案D的
in teractions是原文的原词复现，man and nature同义替换原文的
human... and landscapes。干扰项A原文未提及；选项B的human
systems是原词，但是并无 mechanism偷换概念；选项C的landscape
和human是原词出现，但添加无关信息 maximize。
40.【解析】B。本题目为文中人物观点的细节题。根据题干的大写字
母Professor Balch和fire，man定位到最后一段的最后一句，
“important to understand...human connection with fire”，人
与火之间的联系。正确答案B的意思是达成协议，符合原文。干扰项
A的do away with是废除；选项C的pay a price for是付出代价；
选项D的keep away from远离。
全文翻译

火灾生态管理学专家Max Mori tz教授说，越来越频的野火虽然
常常被视为美国西部州的麻烦,但其实也是一个国家问题,因为它影< br>响着联邦税款。
2015年,美国林务局首次花了超过其55亿美元的年度预算的一
半来对抗火灾，相比20年前，这几乎是双倍的花费。实际上,这意味
着现如今更少的联邦资金投入该机 构的其他工作，诸如森林保护、河
流和文化资源管理以及基础设施的维护，这影响着所有美国人的生活。
另一个全国范围内关注的事情是来自其他机构的公共资金是否
可以用于易发生火灾地 区的建设上来。正如Moritz提出的那样,联邦
资金投入建设那些易于在野火中受损的家园的次数有 多少?
他说：“从公共支出的角度来看，对整个国家来说这已经是一个
巨大的问题了。我们需 要把这个问题放大来看。例如，等一下,这样
好吗?”“我们想要将这些资金定位集中到国家里火灾低风 险的地区
吗?”
研究人员说，这种观点要求美国社会如今对火灾的认识要有一个
相应的转变。
首先、 各方关于野火问题的对话需要更加有包容性。过去的十年
中，关注的焦点在气候变化上，即温室气体带来 的全球升温正在导致
火灾更易发生的情况。
Moritz表示，气候是一个关键因素，但不应 当以其它因素作为
代价。他说：“人类系统和我们生存的环境是息息相关的，双方是相

< br>互作用的。”他指出，如果意识不到这一点，会导致“十分单纯的解
决问题的观点，我们对于问题 本身和解决问题的看法会变得相当局
限。”
科罗拉多大学教授Balch表示，人类不断的把 火当作一个项目来
对待，让火仅仅在必要的时刻变得完全可控和释放。但是要承认的是，
火在人 类生活中的必然存在性是制定安全法律、政策和法规的关键性
态度。
Balch 说：“我们已经把自己的生活与火分离了，真正重要的是
理解和尝试梳理出如今人类与火的联系”。

Part B
文章题材结构分析
本文围绕制造业衰退背景下企业招不到 人的原因开展论述。前两
段开门见山提出美国制造业衰退这一事实。接下来三段表明难招人的
原 因是千禧一代对制造业的兴趣不大，另一个原因来自于这代人父母
从经济衰退时期走来的固有观念。而后 两段指出劳动力缺口正在向技
能型群体转变。最后提出千禧一代对工作和生活的价值观。
41.【解析】 E。根据题干人名Jay 定位文中“They’re harder to find
and they have job offers,”他们很难发现他们有工作邀请。harder对应
选项 stiff(艰难地)。

42.【解析】 A。根据题干人名Jason Stenquist对应文中“I love
working with tools. I love creating,” he says.我爱与工具打交道，我喜
欢创新，tool对应选项tool。
43.【解析】G。根据题干人名Birgit Klohs，定位文中“remember their
father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing
recession,” 记住他们的爸爸妈妈都下岗了，他们归因于生产萧条。文
中blame对应选项blame。
44.【解析】B。根据人名Rob Spohr,对应文中 The gap is between the
jobs that take no skills and those that require a lot of skill,” says Rob
Spohr, 工作之间的 差距是那个不需要技能，而那些需要很多技能。文
中skill对应选项skill（技能）。
45.【解析】 F。题干问Julie的观点，对应文中“We’ve never had
so much attention from manufacturers.”我从没有得到过这 么多
来自制造商的注意，attraction对应选项attract（吸引）
全文翻译
美国制造业的衰退是老生常谈了，特别是唐纳德·川普也这样说。
他向福克斯新闻表示“我们什 么也造不出来了”，同时又为其自己把
服装生产线放在墨西哥的行为辩护。
毫无疑问，最近的 数十年，来制造业已经历了一次相当大的冲击，
而进一步的贸易协议则引出了相关问题——对制造业新的 冲击是否
来临。
但是看待数据也有不同的角度。

从全国来看，工厂 主们如今都在努力应对新的挑战：他们最终只
有少量工人，而不再雇佣许许多多的工人。尽管存在贸易竞 争和制造
业外包，美国制造业仍旧需要有人来接替每年成千上万的退休人员。
千禧一代（198 4-1995年出生）可能没有兴趣取代这些制造业的岗位，
其它行业也正在以相似或更好的待遇招聘他 们。
对工厂主来说，所有这些因素构成了对工人的激烈争抢和薪水上
调的压力。Wolverine Coil Spring这个家族企业的董事长Jay
Dunwell说：“企业发现很难招聘到工人 ，工人们可能正在到来（进
入制造业工作），但他们已经被其它行业拖住了，这些行业和制造业
一样好。”Dunwell已近开始带高二学生走进工厂，这样可以使学生
接触到其企业文化。
RoMan Manufacturing是一家电子变压器和焊接设备制造商，
Robert Roth的父亲和其他人在1980年合办了这家企业。 Robert
Roth密切关注着他的近2 00名工人的年龄状况，今年有5人达到了
退休年龄。Roth招了三个社区大学的学生在其工厂实习， 起薪13美
元每小时，两年后涨到17美元。
在变压器厂的工作台上，当有两名来访者到来时，年轻的Jason
Stenquist看起 来惶惶张张的装配铜线圈。这是他工作的第一星期。
当问及他对职业的选择时，他表示说，高中转读电器 工程之前是考虑
读医学院的。他说：“我喜欢用工具工作，我爱创造。”然而为了争取
这些年轻 的工人，制造商们必须清除一些其它的阻力：那些生活在自
大萧条后美国经济下滑最厉害时期的父母会告 诉孩子不要去工厂！密

歇根州西部一家商业发展机构The Right Place的总裁Birgit Klohs
说：“千禧一代都记得他们的父母曾被解雇，他们将其归咎为制造业
的衰退。” < br>这些关注点并没有错：制造业雇佣人数已经从1970年的1700万
下降到了2013年的12 00万。当经济复苏开始时，劳工缺口首次出现
在高技能的行业中。而如今劳工短缺正在中等技能层次中 显现。
蒙特卡姆社区大学的商业教授Rob Spohr说：“工作之间的差距
在于用不到的 技能，而那些用不到的技能恰恰需要很多技能。有很多
人适合在类似麦当劳这样的不需要太多技能的地方 的工作。这就是两
者的差距，这就是问题所在。”
大急流社区的Julie Parks指出 另外一个吸引千禧一代进入制造
业的关键是：工作和生活的平衡。当他们的父母只满足于长时间的工作时，年轻人却有着灵活的价值观。她说：“加班吸引不了这一代人。
他们真正想要的是有他们自己 的生活。”

Section III Translation
试题解析
句1：My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area
between fashion and publishing.
【考点】简单句
【解析】第一句话是个简单句，主要要注意的是area“领域”和
fashion“时装”两个词的翻译。

【译文】我的梦想一直是在时装设计和出版领域工作。
句2：Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took
a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a
fashion design course.
【考点】非谓语动词的结构作伴随状语。
【解析】secondary school 是“中学”短语move on to是“继续做
某事，转移到”，thinking that 做了 非谓语动词的结构并且起到伴
随状语的作用，翻译为“并以为我能再继续去修一门“时装设计”的
课程。
【译文】在我中学毕业的两年前，我曾选修了一门“缝纫和设计，并
以为我能再继续 去修一门“时装设计”的课程。
句3：However, during that course I realised that I was not good
enough in this area to compete with other creative
personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the
right path for me.
【考点】宾语从句、状语从句
【解析】前半句是主语，谓语加宾语从句，后面是so引导的结果状
语从句，during that course 是时间状语，I 是主语，realised是
谓语动词，that引导宾语 从句，其中personalities不能理解为个
性，品格，在文中应该指名人，精英，人才，so 引导的结果状语从
句中也是主语，谓语加宾语从句的结构
【译文】然而，就在整个学习过程中 ，我意识到，我将来在这个领域

是无法与那些富于创新精神的精英人才相比的。于是，我 断定这条路
行不通。
句4：Before applying for university I told everyone that I would
study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my
favourite activities.
【考点】宾语状语、原因状语从句
【解析】Before applying for un iversity是时间状语，that引导
宾语从句，because引导原因状语从句，本句的难点 在于writing was,
and still is, one of my favorite activities这一部分中was 和
is的翻译方法，表示过去和将来的状态，apply for是申请的意思，
journa lism要翻译成“新闻学”不能直译为“新闻业，新闻工作”。
【译文】在申请上大学之前，我对所有 人讲:我想学新闻学，因为，
写作曾经是并且现在也一直是我最喜欢的事情之一。
句5：But, to be absolutely honest, I said it, because I thought
that fashion and me together was just a dream - I knew that no
one, apart from myself, could imagine me in the fashion industry
at all!
【考点】主谓加宾从结构
【解析】主句是主谓宾结构I said it，后面是because引导原因状
语从句，从句中是I thought that主谓加宾从结构，此句难点在于
fashion and me together was just a dream的译法，不能直译，
要意译为“我认为从事时装设计不过是一个梦想”， apart from是

“除了”的意思，结合上文fashion industry也可意译为“时装设
计”。
【译文】但是，说实话，我之所以这样说，是因 为我认为从事时装设
计不过是我的一个梦想，我也知道，除了我之外，没有人能想象出我
会从事 时装设计的工作。
全文翻译
我的梦想
我的梦想一直是在时装设计和出版领域 找寻一份工作。在我中学
毕业的两年前，我选修了一门“缝纫和设计”课程，并且以为我能再
继 续学习一个时装设计的课程。然而，就在这个课程的学习过程中，
我意识到，将来在这个领域，我是无法 与那些富于创新精神的精英们
相比的。于是，我断定这条路行不通。在申请上大学之前，我对所有
人都讲，我想学新闻学，因为，写作曾经是并且现在也一直是我最喜
欢的事情之一。但是，说实话，我 之所以这样说，是因为我认为从事
时装设计不过是我的一个梦想，我也知道，除了我之外，没有人能想< br>象出我会从事时装设计的工作。

Section IV Writing
Part A
47.参考范文
Dear Professor Williams,
I feel really delighted and honored to be invited by you to give a presentation to
the foreign students, and I will certainly be careful to prepare for the making of it.
To let the overseas students know much about our Chinese culture, I think that

my presentation is supposed to include at least two key points. On the one hand, I will
put much stress on the history of China. You must know that our China is an ancient
country with a pretty long history. On the other hand, my second strong point should
be put on the main diet in China. The reason is that Chinese people in different
regions have totally different inclination to choose food and Chinese food everywhere
is quite delicious.
Those two points are what I would like to emphasize, and I would like to know of
your opinions on this and I wish you could give me some further ideas on it. I am
looking forward to your reply. Thank you.

Yours sincerely,
Li Ming

Part B
48.参考范文

The chart shows great changes in the number of museums and their visitors during
the period from 2013 to 2015. According to the data given, what we cannot fail to see
is that there is a sharp growth in the amounts of museums from 4165 to 4697 over the
period from 2013 to 2015, while it is also pronounced that the number of their visitors
increased sharply from 637.8 million to 781.1 million during this period.
At least two fundamental factors could be identified to contribute to this
phenomenon. To begin with, it is widely admitted that with the rapid economic
development in the whole social climate has been the dramatically upgraded living
standard, which results in the common phenomenon that people in growing numbers
can afford the once-deemed-expensive experience. In addition, there is no denying
that the authorities concerned have issued a series of preferential policies to protect
and promote the development of cultural industry, which encourages a widespread
extension of visitors.
From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that
this trend will certainly maintain for quite a while in the near future, which will be of

great benefits to our country and individual as well.