johnson什么意思初中英语表语从句讲解与练习

2020年11月25日发(作者：臧洪)
表语从句
Ⅰ. Definition（定义）
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品 性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动
词过去分词、动词的- ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句等来充当。
Eg. （例子）
The person stood in front of you just now is ____ ____.
刚才站在你前面的那个人是我的校长。(名词充当表语)
*I didn’t know that it was ____ at that time. 当时我不知道那是你。(代词充当表语)
The door remained ____. 门仍然关着。(动词过去分词充当表语)
Mary’s daily job is ____ ____ ____.
玛丽的日常工作就是打扫这间房子。(动词- ing形式充当表语)
The house is ____ ____ large ____ ____ beautiful. 这所房子不仅大而且漂亮。（形容词）
When I went to your house, you were ____.当我到你家的时候，你不在家。(副词充表语)
No one was ____ ____ ____, when she arrived. 当她到达时，宿舍里没人。(介词短语)
My job is ____ ____ ____ ____. 我的工作是教你们英语。(不定式充当表语)
*The reason why he came late was that ____ ____ ____ ____.
他迟到的原因是他的闹钟坏了。(从句充当表语)
（注：*双从句）
2. 表语从句的构成
主语 + 系动词 + 引导词 + 简单句
This is why he did it.
What I want to say is that I am tired
表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。
可以接表语从句的系动词有：
1: be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)
2: feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell
3: stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay
4: become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run,fall
5: prove, turn out
连接词：that / whether /as if /as though (if不引导表语从句)
连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what
连接副词：when / where / why / how / because
表语从句
1. that
1) that 在从句中不担任句子成分，无实际意义，一般不能省略
2)在表“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea, suggestion, request, proposal 等后面的表从
句中，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略
My opinion is that it’s getting better and better.
My suggesstion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
r在表语从句中表“是否”,但不充当句子的成分。if “不能”引导表语从句。如:
What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious
disease soon.
The question is whether it is worth doing.
if, as though 引导的表语从句
1)as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，
常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。
e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.
2) 主语+连系动词（look/seem/appear……）+that/as if从句
*as if/as though引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气；如果与事实不 符，就用虚拟
语气(主句一般现在时,从句就用过去式，be的话变成were。主句是过去式，从句用 过去完成
时)。It looks as if he were her own father.(与事实不符)
Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it’s going to rain.
As /as if、as though
The situation is not ____ it seems to be.形势并不像外表所看到的那样。
She looks ____ ____ she is worried about her leader’s disease.她看上去很担忧她领
导的病情。
It was ____ ____ he were mad.他好像疯了似的。
e
because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because…”结构中。
My anger is because you haven’t written to me for a long time.
你为什么不来出席座谈会？是病了么？
Why were you absent from the forum? Was it because you were ill?
, why 与because 引导表语从句时的区别
1）虽然三者均可引导表语从句，但that没有词义，而why 和because 有自己的意思；
另外，虽然why和because 都可引导表语从句，但前者强调结果，后者强调原因。如：
The reason was ____ you don’t trust her. 原因是你不信任她。
The fact is ____ they are angry with each other. 事实是他们生彼此的气。
He was ill. That’s ____ he was sent to the hospital. 他病了，所以被送到医院来。
He was sent to the hospital. That’s ____ he was ill.他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。
填空: The reason why we didn't trust him is ______ he has often lied．
*reason 做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导, 不能用why 引导。句型结构为：
The reason (why…/for…)is /was that….
The reason is that……
他早上来晚的原因是他晚了一分钟而没赶上火车。
The reason ____ he was late was ____ he missed the train by one minute this morning
（当主语是reason时，表语从句要用tha t引导而不是because）
注意点1：主语为reason 时，表语从句连接词用that, 但以it, this, that 开头做主语的
句子，则可用because。
The reason for his being late was ____ he missed the early bus.
She was late this morning. That was ____ she missed the early bus.
* The reason why he was late was ____ he missed the early bus.（why引同位语从句）
例题2：
The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.
A. because B. that C. for D. because of
注意点2：主句主语为reason, 只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.B
that/what的区别
1．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.
A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. What
2. The trouble is__________we are short of tools.
；how you are