killer什么意思(完整)初中英语非谓语动词讲解

2020年11月25日发(作者：杨千嬅)
非谓语动词之“动词不定式”详解
非谓语动词就是不充当谓语的动词，分两种。一是动词不定式。二是动词ing形式。
一、动词不定式
1） 作主语
To learn English well is not easy. 或 It is not easy to learn English well.
[说明]动词不定式作主语时，往往用it作形式主语，这种句型可归纳为下面的句型：
e.g. It is + adj.+ 动词不定式
如果要说明不定式表示的动作执行者，可以用for+sb.
e.g. It is + adj.+ for do sth.
2）作表语
（表语用来说明主语的身份、性质、品 性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、
介词短语、动词的- ing形式、不定式、从句来充当，它常位于系动词（be, become, appear, seem,
look, sound, feel, get, smell等词）之后。）
e.g. My wish is to become a teacher.
3）作宾语或者宾语补足语
e.g. Most of us like to watch football matches.
e.g. He told me to be here on time.
4）作定语：e.g. I have nothing to say about that thing.
5）作状语：e.g. He stopped to have a look.
[说明] 动词不定式的否定形式：not + to + 动词原形构成
e.g. He asked me not to make such a mistake.
2、动词不定式与疑问词连用：
疑问词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why等后面可以按动词不定式，构成
动词不定式短语。
e.g. (1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine.
(2) How to use the machine is a question.
(3) The question is when to go there.
3、省去了to 的动词不定式
1）let, have, make+do
2）感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find +to。
注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。
e.g. I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance.
e.g. The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole night.
3）would rather，had better + do
4、动词不定式的特殊句型：
1）too…to…+to do： e.g. He is too excited to speak.
2）enough to do： e.g. The child is old enough to go to school.
3）Why not +do e.g. Why not take a holiday?
4）so as (not) to do: 表示目的 e.g. Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.
5、不定式的难点：
1）用作介词的“to”：
比如说look forward to pay attention to; devote oneself tobe/get used to，后面都是+doing的！
2）It's for sb.和 It's of sb.的区别
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二、动词ing形式：
动词ing形式分为两种，一是动名词，二是现在分词
1．动词的-ing形式用作动名词：
动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加- ing构成，它在句中起名词的作用，可以在
句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。
1）动名词作主语： e.g. Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动
2）动名词作表语 e.g. My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。
3）动名词作宾语： e.g. Jim dislikes eating chocolate. 吉姆不喜欢吃巧克力。
e.g. She can’t help crying at a sad movie. 她看了忧伤的电影禁不住要哭。
[说明] 有些动词和动词短语只能接动名词。
, finish, forgive, give up, mind, practise, be good at, do well in, can't help, keep on, feel
like, be used to, look forward to, prefer to,。
6）动名词作定语：动名词可以单独作定语，就像形容词一样。
e.g. a smiling face 笑脸 swimming pool 游泳池 dining-car 餐车
2．动词的-ing形式用作现在分词：
-ing分词通常用作宾语补足语，表示动作 正在发生或者正在进行。这种用法通常用在下列动
词中：see, hear, find, smell, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observe
e.g.1）There we found him watching TV. 我们发现他在那儿看电视。
2）I heard someone knocking at the door. 我听见有人在敲门。

3．动词ing形式和动名词之间的比较：
下面这些动词，后面接不定式或动名词意思都是一样的：
begin to do begin doing
continue to do
start to do
continue doing
start doing
下面这些动词，后面接不定式或动名词意思是不一样的：
stop to do stop doing
forget to do
remember to do
try to do
go on to do
be afraid to do

【专练】
1. Don't forget _________ the letter.
A. to send B. send C. sending D. being sent
2. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to _________.
A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on
3. Is ______ necessary to return the book tomorrow?
A. this B. that C. it D. which
4. I'm afraid they would not allow him ________ here.
A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke
5. Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it.
A. boiling B. boiled C. boil D. to boil
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forget doing
remember doing
try doing
go on doing
be afraid doing
6. On my way home, I stopped _______ some food.
A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought
7. Li Yang advised me _________ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk.
A. not to drink B. to drink C. not drinking D. drinking
8. He ______ two million yuan ______a vase at the auction.
A. spent, buy B. cost, buying C. paid, buy D. spent, buying
9. The first thing I want to do is __________.
A. visit to him B. to visit him C. visiting him D. visited him
10. John was made _______ the car for a week as a punishment.
A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing
11. ________ is one thing, ________ is quite another.
A. To say, to do B. Say, do C. Said, did D. To say, do
12. I’ll try ________ the same mistakes again.
A. to not make B. not make C. not to make D. not making
13. It’s too hard ________ it by himself.
A. not to do B. to do C. that I do D. doing
14. It’s time for sports. Let’s ______bowling, shall we?
A. go go C. going D. goes
15. ‘Mr. Zhou, you’d better______ too much sugar. You are already overweight,’ said the doctor.
A. not to eat eat C. not eat D. eat

1．If you keep ________(fight) with him, you may hurt yourself.
2．The students are busy ________(prepare) for the coming exam.
3．His duty is ________(save) the sick people.
4．I have nothing ___________ (send) you.
5．They were made ___________ (work) ten hours a day.
6．No one knows what ___________ (do) next.

【提高题】
I. 选择题。
1. The doctor came______ our eyes.
A. to examine B. for examining C. as to examine D. examining
2. Our teacher always makes us _______ hard.
A. to work B. work C. working D. worked
3. _______ our classroom once a week is necessary.
A. Cleaning B. Clean Cleaned D. To clean
4. _______ is our duty ______ good service to customers
A. That, to give B. This, giving C. It, to give D. It, giving
5. It took years______ the highrise.
A. for our building B. for us in building C. to build D. building
6. Their wish is _____ a house of their own.
A. to have B. for having C. have D. of having
7. The teacher agreed _____ us_____ the test papers home.
A. to let, take B. to let, to take C. letting, take D. let, take
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