pourout高中英语讲义-表语从句

2020年11月25日发(作者：强巴)
表语从句讲与练
（一）定义
用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词
be, seem, look，sound等。例句: The reason was that he was late for school.
（二）关联词
A
从属连词that在从句中不做成分 如：The trouble is that I have lost his address。麻烦是
我把他的地址丢了
B
从属连词whether, as, as if 如：1. He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看
起来还与十年前一样。2. The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否
能帮我们。
注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如：
All this was over twenty years ago, but it’s as if it was only yesterday.这都是20多年前的事了，
但宛如昨天一样。
It looked as if it was going to rain.看起来好像要下雨。
注：能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look，sound等。如：
He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
C
连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 在表语从句
中做主语、宾语等。
如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。That was
what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。The problem is who we can get to replace her.
我想问的是谁离开了。 My question is who left.
D
连接副词 where, when, how, why。
如：What I wonder is when he left. 我想知道他是何时离开的。This is where they once lived. 这
就是他们曾经住过的地方。
这就是他为何没到这儿来的原因。That is why he didn't come here.
E
连词because可引导表语从句。如：
I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。
这是仅仅因为他不认识她。It's just because he doesn't know her.
That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。 (That's because...强调原因)
That's why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。 (That's why...强调结果)
F
在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”如 suggest的名 词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟
语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
（三）语序和时态
1
表语从句一定要用陈述语序 如
The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
2
不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可不一致
如：The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
The problem is why he cried yesterday.
（四）注意事项
1
不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外)。
引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether 位于介词后要用whether 位于句首时要用whether
引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用whether
x: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.
v: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.
2
that在表语从句中不可以省掉
题练精讲

［考题1］ The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is
“programmed” to mak e us do so.A. when B. why C. whether D. that
［答案］ D［解析］ 下划线处之后是包含一个原因状语从句的表语从句， 如果看不
出它是充当整个句子结构的表语从句将难以把握整个句子的意思。因此， 应选择可引导名
词性从句且不充当任何成分的that。
［考题2］ You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree.
(2004)A. why B. where C. what D. how
［答案］ B［解析］ 下划线处的引导词引导系动词is后的表语从句并在该表语 从句中
充当地点状语(“disagree”属于不及物动词， “I disagree”本身是完整的主谓结构)， 下
划线应填入引导词where， 表语从句“where I disagree”的意思是“我不同意之处、 我
不同意的地方”。
［考题3］ — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
— Is that ____ you had a few days off? (1999)
A. why B. when C. what D. where
［答案］ A［解析］ 下划线处的引导词引导与系动词is连用的表语从句并在该表语从
句中充当原因状语， 下划线应填入表示“因此……”(指因某种原因所造成的结果)的引导
词why。
［考题4］ ____ she couldn’t understand was ____ fewer and fewer students showed
interest in her lessons. A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that
［答案］ A［解析］ 第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当宾
语， 特指她所不理解的事情， 应填入关系代词型的引导词what； 第二个下划线处表示“因
此……”(指因某种原因所造成的后果， 由why引导对应的名词性从句)而不是“为什
么……”(指原因、 理由， 由because引导对应的名词性从句)， 应填入引导词why。
［考题5］ ____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had
been admitted to key universities. (2003上海春)
A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because
［答案］ B［解析］ 第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当主
语， 特指令校方骄傲的事情， 应选用关系代词型的引导词what； 第二个下划线处引导表
语从句表示原因、 理由， 应由that引导对应的名词性从句。
［考题6］ — Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
— Oh, that’s ____. (2003北京春)
A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
［答案］ A［解析］ A选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的事物”； B选项的意思是“我
觉得激动的任何事物”； C选项的意思是“我对它感觉的方式”； D选项的意思 是“令我
感觉激动的时间”。四选项中A最适合跟代表“game”主语that对应，充当表语从句。
单线选择

1. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.
A. that B. if C. when D. whether
2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.
A. because B. that C. for D. because of