shame是什么意思中文翻译2020年7月全国自考英语国家概况试题及答案解析

2020年11月25日发(作者：臧天朔)
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全国自考2018年7月英语国家概况试题
课程代码：00522
请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上。全部题目用英文作答
I. Multiple Choice Questions. (50 points, 1 point for each)
Directions: In this part of the test, there are 50 unfinished statements or questions. For each of
the unfinished statements or questions, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are
given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question.
Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on your Answer
Sheet.
1. Which of the following statements about the Commonwealth of Nations is NOT true?
A. It has no special powers.
B. It has 50 member countries in 1991.
C. Its member nations are joined together for military purpose.
D. It is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.
2. Which of the following tribes came to Britain first?
A. The Jutes. B. The Gaels.
C. The Angles. D. The Saxons.
3. King Alfred made a treaty with Danes allowing them to keep the northern and eastern parts
of England, which later became known as ______.
A. Wessex B. Sussex
C. Normandy D. the Danelaw
4. ______, king of England initiated the long, drawn-out struggle with France called the
Hundred Years’ War.
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A. Edward I B. Edward II
C. Edward III D. Henry III
5. William replaced ______, the council of the Anglo-Saxon kings, with ______.
A. the Witan, Parliament B. the Grand Council, the Witan
C. the Witan, the Grand Council D. the Grand Council, Parliament
6. Under Edward I, Henry III’s son, ______ was conquered (1277-1284) and came under the
English Crown.
A. Wales B. Ireland
C. Scotland D. England
7. Magna Carta was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between ______, a
guarantee of the freedom of the church and a limitation of the powers of the king.
A. the Crown and the barons B. the Crown and the church
C. the Crown and Parliament D. Parliament and the working class
8. ______ summoned in 1265 the Great Council to meet at Westminster, a meeting which has
been seen as that of the earliest parliament.
A. King John B. Henry III
D. Simon de Montfort C. Prince Edward
9. The purpose of Henry VIII’s reform was all the following EXCEPT ______.
A. to alter theology in any way
B. to get rid of Papal interference
C. to make an independent church of England
D. to get rid of the English Church’s connection with Pope
10. The Restoration of the House of Stuart happened in the year 1660. The monarch who
restored was ______.
A. Charles I B. Charles II
C. James I D. James II
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11. On their acceptance of ______, William and Mary were crowned jointly in Westminster
Abbey. Thus the age of constitutional monarchy began.
A. the Test Act B. Magana Carta
C. the Bill of Rights D. the Petition of Right
12. The English Renaissance was largely literary, and its finest representative dramatists were
the following EXCEPT ______.
A. Ben Jonson B. Geoffrey Chaucer
C. William Shakespeare D. Christopher Marlowe
13. After the Opium War in 1840, China ceded Hong Kong to Britain and opened five ports to
British trade by ______.
A. the Treaty of Paris B. the Treaty of Beijing
C. the Treaty of Nanjing D. the Treaty of Tianjin
14. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of farming in the late 18th and
early 19th centuries?
A. The “open-field” system.
B. A system of crop rotation.
C. Introduction of artificial fertilizer.
D. Introduction of new agricultural machinery.
15. Tories were traditionalists who were certainly against ______.
A. hereditary monarchy B. Parliamentary reforms
C. the Church of England D. strict maintenance of law and order
16. The Privy Council remained powerful until the 18th century when most of its work was
taken over by ______.
A. Parliament B. the Cabinet
C. the House of Lords D. the House of Commons
17. Which of the following statements about UK’s monarchy is NOT true?
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A. The Sovereign reigns, but doest not rule.
B. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy.
C. The continuity of the monarchy has been broken only once.
D. The monarchy is the oldest institution of government, going back to at least the 7th
century.
18. Except that ______ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices in Britain are open
without distinction to members of all churches or of none.
A. the Lord Chancellor B. the Prime Minister
C. the Home Secretary D. the Attorney General
19. The University Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge has been rowed on the Thames
almost every ______ since 1836.
A. spring B. summer
C. autumn D. winter
20. The Royal National Eisteddford, which dates back to 1176, takes place in ______ for a
week annually.
A. Wales B. London
C. Scotland D. Edinburgh
21. Between the end of the civil war and 1880, there was a big population movement in the
United States, with people moving ______.
A. from the rural areas to cities
B. from the core cities to the suburbs
C. from the Northeast to the South and the West
D. from the densely-populated east coast to the sparsely-populated west
22. In the United States, the largest minority group is ______ while the fastest-growing
minority group is ______.
A. the Asian-American group, Hispanics
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B. the African-American group, European ethnic groups
C. the African-American group, the Asian-American group
D. the Asian- American group, the African-American group
23. The chief reasons for early settlers to come to the New Continent were the following
EXCEPT ______.
A. to escape from poverty B. to seek better opportunity
C. to practice religious toleration D. to escape religious persecution
24. The significance of the War of Independence is the following EXCEPT that ______.
A. it paved the way for the development of capitalism in America
B. it was a historic event, by which the American people gained independence
C. it made both Britain and America realize that their disputes should be solved through
negotiation
D. it had great international influence—for instance, the colonies rose up one after another
to overthrow colonial rule
25. The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the ______ Continental Congress on
______.
A. First, July 4, 1767 B. First, July 14,1767
C. Second, July 4,1776 D. Second, July 14,1776
26. The Red Scare in 1919 and 1920 reflected ______ in American history.
A. material success B. spiritual frustration
C. intolerant nationalism D. rapid growth of economy
27. ______ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making
the war a just war against slavery.
A. Abraham Lincoln B. James Madison
C. George Washington D. Thomas Jefferson
28. Which of the following is NOT true about the Progressive Movement?
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