recover是什么意思听说考试

2020年11月25日发(作者：杜锡钰)
1. What are the features of your classmates’ names?
X:Hey, have you finished the homework last night?
Z: Yeah, that is interesting. So I surfed the internet, then I knew sth about Chinese
names.
X: I can’t agree more. I truly did the same thing like you, and I found that there’re
lots of difference between Chinese family names and Western family names.
According to the lecture, Western people classified their family names into four parts:
place names, patronymics, added names and occupational names. It’s easy to
understand them, place names identifies where a person lived or worked, patronymic
is the father’s name, plus an ending which means that a child, a boy, is the son of his
father. As to added names, linguists sometimes call this category or
someone name themselves. And occupational names always show that the origin of
the family name was the person's occupation. But when it refers to Chinese family
names, one book will come to our mind——The Book of Family Names. For example,
my classmate zhaojiafu, his family name is the first one in the book, and this is truly a
big family name. Well, for me, I think the book can also be defined into two parts.
First is the Big Family Names. These can trace back to times of the emperors, except
for Qing Dynasty, each dynasty will create a Big Family Name. You know, at that
time, it’s really a great honor to be given the family name by the emperor. Then is the
place names like western family names, ancient Chinese family names prefer this way
too. Whatever, both this two ways have been lasting for a long time because of
Chinese long history.
Z: Well, there also several ways parents choose the first name for their child. And
the ways in western country are as similar as those in China.
The first way is by family history. Parents may choose a name because it is passe
d from gene-ration to generation. For example, one of my friendszhangXiaoming
might be named after his father Zhang Ming. Besides, some traditional Chinese
families choose a name, considering the specific word of each generation. Just like
one of my names Zhang Minju, chosen by my grandfather. In my generation, the
specific word is Min. So my grandfather chosen that name for me. Is it really old
fashion, right?
The second way parents choose a name is after a family member or friend who ha
s died recen- tly, or after someone they admire, like a well- known leader or a famous a
ctor. For example, my little sister’s name is ziwei. I guess my aunt must watch the TV
dramas ”Huanzhugege” and admire the princess ziwei.
The third way is to provide a have a good wish for the child. Parents
believe that a good name can help their children in their life, such as wenjie. Her
parent must hope that she can become an excellent person. And what interests me is
that many people have this name including both two genders. In some sense, this is
not a specific gender name.
X: Yes, what an amazing funny discovery.
2. Debate: Arguments for or against Chinese as a global language.
X: Hey, have you listened the lecture English as a global language?
Z: Sure. Any question?
X: Of course! How could people believe English is a global language instead of
Chinese? A global language must have enough people saying it. And 13 billion
Chinese people who speak Chinese as native language is really a huge amount.
Besides, more and more foreigners learn Chinese, and there are about three times as
many people who speak Chinese as their first language as those who speak English as
a first language. The second reason is that many countries divide a China region for
them to speak Chinese such as Chinatown in New York. On the one hand, it means
many Chinese people live all over the world, on the other hand, it shows that the
government thinks highly of Chinese. Maybe they’ll never use Chinese as their
official language, they still like it and want to impress themselves with Chinese.
There’s no denying that many people learn English to meet the challenges and seek
for opportunities. But this only means they have to do so, because they only use it for
official situations, once they are enjoying themselves, they’ll use their own languages.
I don’t say they all use Chinese, but among these languages, Chinese has accounted
for a large proportion.
Z: I don’t agree with you. I think Chinese is not truly a global language because it
is not the main language spoken by people worldwide. And
Chinese has not replaced other languages. First,
English is the official language of more than seventy-five countries. This means these
countries useEnglish in schools, banks, business, and government. In countries like In
dia,you can see how usin-g English as an official language makes it easier for people t
o communicate. However, only peoplein China speak Chinese as their first language.
Second, English is the dominant language of business, travel, and science. Not
Chinese. When people need a common language, they often use English. Think about
it. English is often used at tourist information centers, in international hotels. If you
travel in Korea and you want use a taxi, you can’t speak Chinese but you can
communicate with the taxi driver in English even if you can’t speak their native
language. Finally, more and more Chinese learn English or other languages for travel,
further education, better jobs and stuff like that. Learning English well can offer a
better opportunity to live a good life and get a great achievement, just like Mayun,
Wangjianlin and other high achievers.
X: Well, maybe what you said is right, but there’s no official declaration to say
which language is truly a global language.
Z: Yeah. Em… everything is changeable. Maybe Chinese will become the official
language one day.
3. Retell the lecture on phobias.
Z: You know, I have a fear of dogs. When I see a dog, I will get nervous and
avoid it.
X: That’s just a common phobia.
Z: Yeah, you are right. Well, a phobia is not a common fear. It is an extreme
fear-a very strong fear. Psychologists have come up with three characteristics of a
phobia. Now, first, a phobia is not a ration response. It is a very strong reaction, too
strong for the situation. For example, I knew a person who had a fear of swimming. If
someone asked her to swim, she had a very strong physical reaction. She started
shaking violently and had trouble breathing. Once, she even started choking. Second,
a phobia often lasts a long time, for months or even years. Third, the action is too
strong for a person to control. So, those are the three characteristics of phobias. It is
an extreme, irrational response. It is long lasting and it is uncontrollable. Then, there
are some classifications of phobias. Phobias are classified by the things or situations
that the person fears. Greek or Latin names are usually used to describe the fear. Here
are an example, hypno, H-Y-P-N-O, means sleep, so fear of sleep is hypnophobia.
Cyno, C-Y-N-O, means dogs, so a fear of dogs is cynophobia. Here are another
example. Aerophobia. Aero as in airplane- areophobia is fear of flying.
X: Well, I get it. Besides, there’re two related theories. One is that a phobia is
learned which means the phobia is the problem itself, the other is that a phobia is only
a sign of a deeper problem. Maybe it’s a little puzzling, the first one is easy to
understand. This kind of phobia is that phobia itself is the real reason to be afraid like
electric, swimming and so on. Maybe at one time he or she saw someone hurt by these
things, or he learned the theories of its danger and got a phobia. Really easy, right?
Z: Sure.
X: What really cannot be distinguished with learned phobia, is the second one.
We all know that kids are afraid of darkness, but just afraid. It’s not a phobia. Once
their parents punish them and send them into a dark room, a few of kids might get a
phobia. There’s no denying, he’s afraid of darkness before, but what really give him a
phobia is his parents. What he truly afraid of is his parents!
Z: Really? But how could the second one be resolved?
X: Now that we get the real reason, we could chat with their parents to change
their ways of teaching, and teach the kids to react different instead of solving the
obvious problems. And this is why the differences between the two theories are so
important.
Z: Yes. And I think psychology is really an amazing subject!
4. What types of TV shows do you like to watch best? Why ?
Z: Last night, a new Korean drama was started. Did you watch it?
X:Actually, it’s not my style, why are you so addicted to it?
Z: Well, first, the actors always have a physical attractiveness. The leading actor
is extremely handsome and the leading actress is so beautiful in that drama. I wish I
could look like her. And they have a good performance. Sometimes I felt I was just
her. When she is happy, I will feel happy too. However, when she is sad, I will also
have a bad mood. Second, the dramas can give me a sense of identify. I can relate my
life to the story in the dramas. I will feel I am not the only one who suffered in
relationships, having trouble in work and stuff like that. And, they also can give me a
sense of satisfaction. The romantic story can satisfy my wish for the happy life and
love. Besides, the Korean dramas are not very long. The stories are so compacted and
move along so fast that I couldn’t stop watching once I got started. What’s more, the
scenario is beautiful and I think almost every one can be used as a wallpaper.
X: Yeah, it cannot be denied that Korean drama has its way to appeal to young
girls like you, but I truly think it’s too na?ve to me. I prefer American movies. Every
time I watch them, my heart skips a beat! You know, the theme of these kind of