melody什么意思初中英语定语从句讲解及练习

2020年11月25日发(作者：彭鹏)
初中英语定语从句讲解及练习
一.定语从句及相关术语
1.定语从句:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰
的
先行词后面。
2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose,
as 等;
关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用:1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中
担当一个成分。
二.关系代词引导的定语从句
指人，在从句中做主语
(1) the boys who are playing football are from class one.
(2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
(2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see.
注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) football is a game which is liked by most boys.
(2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom;指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句
中
做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each
year rises one
million.
(6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning?
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
(1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
(3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
(4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
(6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导
(1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
(2) the school in which he once studied is very famous.
(3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.
(4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked.
(5) we'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often
talked about.
(6) we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often
talked.
注意:1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如:look for, look after,
take care
of等
(1) this is the watch which/that i am looking for. (t)
(2) this is the watch for which i am looking. (f)
2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that;
指
物时用which，不能用that;关系代词是所有格时用whose
(1) the man with whom you talked is my friend. (t)
(2) the man who/that you talked with is my friend. (f)
(3) the plane in which we flew to canada is very comfortable. (t)
(4) the plane in that we flew in to canada is very comfortable. (f)
3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most,
each, few等代
词或者数词
(1) he loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
(2) in the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have
gone bad.
(3) there are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are
from big cities. 解答介词+关系代词 类型的定语从句题时，关键在于分析定
语从句中的谓语动
词(该动词是不及物动词)习惯上常与什么介词搭配使用。这就需要同学们在平