chick是什么意思最新讲解最全的定语从句讲解

2020年11月25日发(作者：雷沛鸿)
WORD格式整理
高一英语高一英语-----语法Grammar:定语从句(Attributive Clauses)

Handsome boys=the boys who are handsome
Beautiful flowers=the flowers which are beautiful
定义： 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)：由 关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导的从句，其作用是作
定语修饰主句的某个名词和代词，相当于形容词 ，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰
的先行词后面。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定 语从句的词叫关系词。关系词可分为关系代
词（who, whom, whose, which, that)和关系副词(when, where, why) 关系词都充当从句的某个成分，
它所替代的相应成分应省去。在定语从句中，当who, which, that作主语时，谓语的单复数应与先行
词保持一致。关系词常有3个作用：①引导定语从句。②代替 先行词。③在定语从句中担当一个成
分。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不如限
制性定语从句与先行词的关系紧密，没有它，主句的意思也清楚 ，因此用逗号隔开。关系词在非限
制性定语从句中的用法与在限制性定语从句中的用法基本一样。
一．关系代词以及基本用法
关系代词
That
指示对
象
人.物 主.（宾） The student that answered the question was John.回答问题
的学生是约翰。
The book （that） you lent me was interesting.你借给我的
那本书很有趣。
Which
物 主.（宾） Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大
多数男孩都喜欢的游戏.
This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天刚
买的钢笔.
Who
Whom
人
人
主.（宾）
A doctor is a person who looks after people's health.
The man（who）you met just now is my friend.
（宾） The man（whom）you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚见
到的那个人就是我的朋友.
Mr. Ling is just the boy（whom）I want to see. 凌先生恰巧
就是我想见的那个男孩.
Whose
注意一：
1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。 2）that前不能有介词。
3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的介词+关系词结构可以同关系副词when where
和 why互换。where = in/at + which
when=in/on/at/during + which why = for which
whose=of which/whom+the+物/人=the+物/人+of which/whom
例如： 1. This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。
=This is the house where I lived two years ago.
2. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club？ 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
=Do you remember the day when you joined our club？
3. The tourists, of whom the eldest is 70 (the eldest of whom is 70), are from Singapore.
专业知识分享
作用 例句
人.物 定
He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
WORD格式整理
I saw three films this month, two of which were very interesting.
The reason (which/that) he’s absent from the meeting for is not clear.
=The reason for which /why he’s absent from the meeting is not clear.
4） whom在定语从句中只指人，做宾语，可用who或that 代替，也可以省略但后边的介词提前时，
只用whom例如：
Do you know the man (whom/who/that) the teacher is talking to?
= Do you know the man to whom the teacher is talking?
She is the person (whom/who/that) you should turn to for help.
= She is the person to whom you should turn for help
5) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语)
(1) They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
(2) Please pass me the book whose cover (=of which the cover) is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
6).先行词有下列词修饰时只能用as引导定语从句, 如：as...as；so...as；such...as；the same+ 名词
+as。
You can buy as many books as you want in this bookstore. (as作want的宾语)
Such computers as are used in our office are made in South Korea.(as作定语从句的主语)
This jewel is the same one as I showed you the other day. (as作showed的直接宾语)
This jewel is the same one that I showed you the other day.(that作showed的直接宾语）
请注意“the same + 名词 + as”与“the same + 名词 + that”的区别。
(1) She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding.
她穿着她在MARY婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。
(2) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。
注意：定语从句such…as …与结果状语从句such… that…的区别：as在所引导的定语从句中作主
语，宾语；that在结果状语从句中不做成分
(3)He has such a good laptop as I want to buy.
(4)He has such a good laptop that I want to buy one.
7). 先行词有比较级修饰时用than；先行词有否定词修饰时用but，表示双重否定，此时的but =
who/which/that...not...
My mother always gives me more money than is needed.(than作定语从句主语)
This year, the farmers have harvested more grain than was expected. (than作定语从句主语)
There is not a student but wants to go to university.
=There is not a student who/that doesn’t want to go to university.(but作定语从句主语)
练习
选择正确的关系代词填入题目中的空白处。(that which who whose whom )
1..Do you see the bridge----------was built last year
2... The nurse _________ we talked about can speak English well.
3... The old gentleman __________ you met just now is a famous writer.
4... The girl to ______ I lent my bike works in a hospital.
5... She was the brave girl __________ name is known to everybody.
注意 二：that和which虽然都能指物，但是在某些情况下，只能用that指物而不用which
1） 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，例如：
This is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen.（作宾语可省略）
This is the most beautiful park that we have visited.
2）先行词被the very，the only the same, the last等修饰时，例如：
This is the very book that I'm looking for.（作宾语，可省略）
专业知识分享
WORD格式整理
The only thing that she could do was to wait patiently.（作宾语，可省略）
3）先行词被序数词修饰时，例如：
The first thing that we do in the morning is to clean the classroom.（作宾语，可省略）
This is the third largest city that was founded in the 1980s.（作主语）
4）当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代词时，或者是由
every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much，each等修饰时.
Have you taken down everything (that) Mr. Li has said?
There seems to be nothing (that) seems impossible for him in the world.
All that can be done has been done.
There is little (that) I can do for you.
5）当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时
Who is the man that is standing there?
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?
6)、当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时
Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?
7）先行词是主句的表语或关系代词在从句中作表语，例如：
He is not the boy that he used to be.
China is no longer the country that it used to be.
8).当在there be句型中，通常情况下用that，不用which、
注意三： 宜用which而不用that的情况
1. 在非限制性定语从句中。 Bamboo is hollow, which makes it light.
2. 在关系词前有介词时。 This is the room in which Chairman Mao once lived.
3. 当先行词本身是that时。 The clock is that which can tell us the time.
二．关系副词：
关系副词
When
Where
指示对象 作用
时间
地点
状语
状语
例句
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you
The time when we got together finally came.
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down
Shanghai is the city where I was born.
Why
原因 状语
(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
关系副词（在句中作状语）
关系副词=介词+关系代词
why=for which（先行词一般是reason）
Where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
When=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的介词+关系词结构可以同关系副词when ,where和
why 互换。where = in/at + which
when=in/on/at/during + which why = for which
whose=of which/whom+the+物/人=the+物/人+of which/whom
例如：
1. This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。
=This is the house where I lived two years ago.
专业知识分享