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experience什么意思(完整)高中英语语法:四种名词性从句讲解与练习

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来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-11-25 23:57
tags:高中英语语法, 名词性从句, 练习

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2020年11月25日发(作者:羊昭业)
名词性从句
名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此,
名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
引导词:主语从句就是在复合句中用作 主语的从句,
who, which, when, where, how, why等
(一)引导名词性从句的连接词
1、连接代词:who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义,在从句中担任成分,
如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、 连接副词:when, where, why, how。有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状语。
3、连接词:that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时
可省略;if (whether), as if虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分。
注意:连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句,因而从 句中谓语不用疑问
式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分,连接词whether 和if(是否),
as if(好象)在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。根据句义,如果连接代
词与连接副词,whether、if 和as if都用不上时,才用that作连接词(that本 身
无任何含义)。
一、主语从句
与宾词从句连词、语序、时态相同。只是不能用
(二),主语从句的特点
1.与宾语从句使用同样的连接词,只是
1)、陈述句用that。
2)、一般疑问句用whether。
3)、特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词
例句:
's true that the earth is round.
That the earth is round is true.
2. 表是否的意思时,不能用if代替whether.
It hasn't been decided whether he'll come or not.
Whether he'll come or not hasn't been decided.
3. 从句语序为主谓宾正常语序。
Why didn't he come?
Why he didn't come is not known.
what, which, who,when, where, why, how 等词引导。
2.经常隐身(以it为形式主语出现)。
if 不能用;
if, that 不可省;
(一)、主语从句是一个句子,在句子中作主语成分。
引导主语从句的引导 词
主要有三类:一是that;二是whether;三是那些可以用作疑问词的词语,如what,
1
练习:
1.________ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever
2. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning gray.
A. while B. that C. if D. for
and why he came here ________ yet.
A. is not known B. are not known
C. has not known D. have not known
4. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.
A. That…that you had expected B. What …that you had expected
C. That…what you had expected D. What…what you had expected
5.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.
A. If...do B. That...do C. If...does D. That...does
________ Bob drives badly.
A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that
's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.
A. if B. that C. whether D. how
8.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.
A. That B. What C. How D. Which
9.____ you don't like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
10.____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
11.______he won't go there is clear to all of us.
A. How B. What C. Why D. This
12._______you come or not is up to you.
A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether
13._______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.
A. Which B. That C. If D. How
14.________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who
二、同位语从句
(一)、含义
1、在主从复合句中作 同位语的从句称为同位语从句;所用连词与宾语从句(除
不能用if)和主语从句相同
2、连词
1)、陈述句用that。
2
2)、一般疑问句用whether。
3)、特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词what, which, who,when, where, why, how 等词引导。
3、常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, order, information, wish, promise,
answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion,等抽象名词后面,说明
该名词的具体内容。换言之, 同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系,
对其内容作进一步说明。
例:The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们
比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。
析:they had won the game说明The news的全部内容,因此该句为同位语从句。
(二) 、运用
1.如同位语从句意义完整,用
起连接作用)
例:The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军
下达了战士们立即过河的命令。
析:the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的 全部内容,且意义完
整,因此应用that引导同位语从句。
2.如一般疑问句whether 做同位语从句的连词,译成是否(if不能引导同位语
从句)。
例:We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们
将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。
析:the sports meeting will be held on time一般疑问句做同位语从句,原句为:
Will the sports meeting be held on time?
3.如同位语是特殊疑问句做同位语从句,连词就应用
引导
例1:I have no idea when he will be back.
例2:I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike.
4.当主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句较长时,同位语从句常后置。
如:The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他突然想到敌
人可能已经逃出城了。
(三)、同位语从句和定语从句的区别:
是名词 全部内容的体现,且名
同位语从句和定语从句相似,都放在某一名词或代词后面,但同位语从句不
同于定语从句。同位语从句对名词加以补充说明,
词和同位语从句的引导词均不在从句中作成分;成分。
区分时可以在先行词与与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成一个新句子,
如果句 子通顺且符合逻辑,则为同位语从句,反之,则为定语从句。
如:The report that he was going to resign was false. 他将辞职的传闻是假的。
3
that引导同位语从句。(that 不充当任何成分,只
when, where, ho w等疑问词
定语从句说明先行词的性质与特
征,与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系,且名词和定语 从句的引导词均在从句中作

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