奥蒂戈萨2020年高三英语定语从句复习题

2020年11月26日发(作者：祁序)
定语从句
一、 考点梳理：
考点1： 先行词为物时，一般只用that引导从句的情况：
(1) 限制性定语从句中，当先行词被any, every, each, few, little, no,
some, the only, the very, just the等修饰时；
(2) 先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing,
anything等时；
(3) 先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时；
(4) 先行词既有人又有物时；
(5)主句中有疑问词which 时，为避免重复；
Which of the pictures that are hanging on the wall is drawn by
your brother?
(6)在限制性定语从句中，当先行词在定语从句中作表语时，只用
that;
My hometown is not the one that she used to be.
考点2： 先行词为物时，一
(1) 引导非限制性定
整个主句）；
般只用which引导从句的情况：
语从句（which指前面的某名词或它前面的
(2) 介词后接which (注：先行词为人的话用whom)；
(3）当先行词为集体名词时，着眼于整体，用which（如着眼于
各个成员，用who）；
Behind the coach walk the football team, who were all wearing
uniforms
注：（非限制性定语从句里）先行词为表示职业的名词时用
which而不是who;
Jack’s father was a pilot before he was retired, which Jack always
wants to be.
(4) 先行词后有插入语时，用which而不用that;在分隔式定语从
句中也用which;
This is the discovery which I think is of great importance in
history.
The days are gone which I spent together with my cousins .
考点3：先行词为人时，只用who/whom的情况：
(1)当先行词为one, he, those, anyone及people并且前面那些代词指
人时;
Those who break the law will be punished .
Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
(2) 表示人的先行词后有插入语时及在分隔式定语从句中先行词
为人的话用who/whom而不用that ;
This is the boy who everybody knows has won the first place in the
competition.
A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you maths.
考点4：先行词为人时，只用that的情况：
(1)主句中有疑问词who 时，为避免重复;
Who is the man that is talking to Mr. Smith at the gate?
(2) 在限制性定语从句中，当先行词在定语从句中作表语时，只
用that;
She isn’t the little girl that she was 20 years ago.
考点5：由as引导的定语从句的几种常见情况：
(1) as引导非限制性定语从句，说明整个主句的内容，可置于句
首或句中。有“正如”之意（as is mentioned/ shown/ known, as is
the case, as follows等），而which则没有此意,并且which只能
用于逗号后面；
（2）as表示 “正如”，所以当从句中表示否定时或有否定前缀时，
用which而不用as:
He is late again, which was not expected.
(3）the same…..that…（同一物）与the same…..as…（相似物）
区别(但注意分析成分)
I want to buy the same computer ____ you are using, for it’s so
lovely.
This is the same pen ______ I lost. Look ,there is my name on it.
He returned to the same place _____ he had witnessed the accident.
(4) so / such….as…与so/ such… .that区别：前者为定语从句，as
作关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，后者为结果状语从句，从句中主、宾或表完整；
考点6：当way作先行词时，在从句中作状语时，可用that, in which
或省略引导定语从句；
当reason作先行词时，在从句中作状语时，用why/for which;
句型：The reason why / for which…..is that……….
考点7：当先行词situation, case, point(地步), job, condition，scene ,
activity, system, address, strategy(策略), scene(场景，场面)，
platform, project 等在从句中作状语时，常用where引导定
从。occasion, phase(阶段，时期)，interval, break(短暂休息)，
period , time, age, stay(逗留)在从句中作状语时用when;
I still remember the scene where people were eaten by the
tigers.
考点8：介词from后可接where表示 “从某个地方”, since 后可跟
when” 自从…时候起”
He is standing on top of the building ,from where he can get a
better view of the city.
考点9：定语从句中谓语动词为不及物动词如：lie / stay/ live / sit /
stand等时，那么这些词前面应用where或介词+which来表
示地点，实际上是全 倒装结构中的地点状语置于句首这种情
况；
I’ll go to Guangzhou to spend my summer holidays, where live
my parents and sisters.
考点10: 定语从句中一致性原则：
（1）当先行词为one of the +复数名词时，并且在定语从句中充
当主语时，定语从句的谓动用复数； 当先行词为the
(only)one of the +复数名词时，定语从句的谓动用第三人称
单数形式；
He is one of the students who want to apply for the position.
He is the (only) one of the students who wants to apply for the
position.
（2）句型：
Those who want to go for a picnic must get to the gate by 6:10.
Anyone who wants to go for a picnic must get to the gate by
6:10.
He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
I, who am your best friend, will try my best to help you when
you’re in trouble.
考点11：区分句型：
As is known to all, / It’s known to all that /What’s known to
all is that
考点12：标点：(区分非限制性定语从句、句子结束、停顿、并列及
非谓语结构)
在下列横线上填whom, them:
(1)He has two sisters, both of ______ are living abroad.
(2)He has two sisters; both of ______ are living abroad.
(3)He has two sisters and both of _____ are living abroad.
(4)He has two sisters. Both of ______ are living abroad.
(5)He has two sisters, both of _____ living abroad.
注意：关注句子谓 语部分是否完整来确定是定语从句还是短语（非
句子）进而选择关系代词who, whom, which等或人称代词them, us
等；或关注人称代词或关系代词来选择非谓语部分或是完整谓语结构；
(6)He wrote a lot of novels, many of _______ translated into a foreign
language. （ them/which）
(7)We got near a garden, its owner ________ in it. (sitting / was sitting)
考点13：介词+关系代词 中几个特定的介词
degree / extent ----–to situation/ case ----- in
point /temperature/speed/rate/ -----

二、实战演练
1. I’m very grateful to my high school teachers, without ________help I
wouldn’t be so excellent.
A. their
D. which
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：我非常 感谢我
的高中老师，没有他们的帮助，我不会这么优秀。“without
_____________help I wouldn’t be so excellent.”是一个定语从句，先行
词是“my high school teachers”，关系词在从句中作定语，故选C。
2. It’s strongly advised that smokers not be allowed to smoke in any room
________ babies currently occupy.
A. where
D. as
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。 句意：强烈建议不允许吸烟者在婴儿目前占
用的任何房间吸烟。“________ babies currently occupy.”是一个定语从
句，先行词是“any room”，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，故选C。
3. Many teachers like surfing the Internet, ________ they may find a lot
of useful videos about teaching.
B. whose C. that
B. whom C. whose
--at occasion –-----on
A. which
D. that
【答案】B
B. where C. when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多老师喜欢上网，在网上他们可能
会 发现很多有用的教学视频。这是个定语从句，先行词是“the Internet”，
表地点，从句缺少状语，因此可以判定使用“where”引导，故选B。
4. A scientist’s attempt to produce the world’s first gene-edited babies
_____ are immune to HIV has sparked controversy in academia and the
public.
A. as
whose
B. who C. whom D.
【答案】B
【解析 】考查定语从句。句意为：一位科学家试图培育出世界上首个
对HIV有免疫力的基因编辑婴儿，这在学 术界和公众中引发了争议。
定语从句的先行词为“babies”，且从句缺少主语，故用关系代词“w ho”
引导从句。故选B。
5. — When did you get to know your girlfriend?
— It was in 2015 ________ she was working as a volunteer in Africa.
A. that
then
B. which C. when D.
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句连接词。句意：——你什么时候认识你女朋友
的？——是在2015年她到非洲做志愿者的时候认识的。本句为定语
从句修饰先行词“2015”， 且先行词在从句中做时间状语，故用关系副
词when。故选C。
6.【2019·江苏·单项选择】We have entered into an age _______ dreams
have the best chance of coming true.
A. which
that
【答案】C
【解析】考查定 语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个
时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为“an age”（一个时代），且先
行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。
7.【2019·天津·单项选择】Their child is at the stage ________ she can say
individual words but not full sentences.
A. why
D. what
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不
能说完整句子的阶段。句中 “she can say individual words but not full
sentences”是一个定语从句，先行词是“the stage”，关系词在定语从句
中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。
B. where C. which
B. what C. when D.
8. Kate, _____ sister I shared a room when we were at college, has gone
to work in Australia.
A. with whom
D. whose
【答案】C
【解析】这是一个复合句，主句是“Kate has gone to work in Australia”，
从句是“____ sister I shared a room when we were at college”，从句修饰
“Kate”，是定语从句 ，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰“sister”，词组share
sth with sb. 故用with whose。本题目要克服思维定势介+which/whom
9. We all Chinese people are called on to learn from Lei Feng _______
we think set a good example to all of us.
A. whose
whom
【答案】B
【解 析】考查定语从句。句意：我们所有的中国人都应该向雷锋学习，
我们认为他为我们树立了一个好榜样。 先行词是“Lei Feng”，表人，
关系词在从句中作主语，因此只能用“从句中有插入语We think 只
能用who”，故选B。
10. A good government is not to pick technologies, but to establish
conditions ________ innovation is supported and encouraged into the
marketplace.
A. when
where
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：一个好的政府 不是挑选技术，而是建
立一个支持和鼓励创新进入市场的条件。句中包含定语从句，先行词
是“ conditions”指物，在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词“where”
引导，故选D。
climbed up to the top of a hill, ___________ we got a good view
of the whole forest park.
A. which
D. that
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从 句。句意：我们爬上了山顶，在那里我们可以看
到整个森林公园的美景。此处“the top of a hill”是先行词，指地点，后
面的非限制性定语从句不缺主谓宾语，缺一个地点状语,解释为“ 从
那儿”，故选B。
12. On the Double Ninth Festival, many old people will get together,
talking about the people and the things ________ they came across many
years ago.
A. what B. which C. who D. that
【答案】D
B. from where C. when
B. that C. as D.
B. who C. that D.
B. whom C. with whose
【 解析】考查定语从句。句意：在重阳节，很多老人会聚在一起，谈
论多年前他们遇见的人和事。“___ _____ they came across many years
ago”是定语从句，修饰“the people and the things”，先行词即有人又有
物，引导词在从句中做“come across”的宾语，故用关系代词“that”引
导该从句。D选项正确。
13. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.
A. which
【答案】A < br>【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，
这有助于她们保持健康。“_ ____helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从
句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导 词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关
系代词which引导。A选项正确。
14. ---How Can I get in touch with the travel agency, Robin?
--- Just surf the Internet and then call one _____ the telephone number is
provided.
A. with which B. in which C. of which D. by which
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。先行词one指代a travel agency, of which
the telephone number相当于 whose telephone number,故选C。
important reform policies associated with the interests of the
general public were introduced in China ______almost each person
could benefit from in life.
A. when B. that C. where D. as
【答案】D
【解析】本题 考查定语从句。句意：中国引进了如此重要的与大众
利益密切相关的改革政策，该政策将使每个人受益。 先行词为Such
important reform policies，在从句中充当benefit from 后面的宾语，因
有such，故选D

三、定语从句巩固练习：
1. We should be aware that the degree _______ our diet is successful
depends on our willpower.
A. that
whom
B. which C. to which D. on
B. who C. as D. that