durdenas和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别

2020年11月26日发(作者：彭泽益)
as 和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
1. as引导的非限制性定语从句
1) 位置灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末；
2) 先行词不可是一个词，必须是整个主句或主句的部分内容；
3) 有“正如、像”等意思，表依据、评论（、态度、看法）等；如：
a. This elephant is like a snake，as anybody can see．像任何人都能看见那样，这头象像条蛇。
b. He failed in the exam, as we had expected.
c. Tom has passed the test, as everybody knows. 正如每个人所了解的那样，汤姆通过了考试。
【比较：Bamboo is hollow，which makes it very light．竹子是空的，这就使得它很轻。】
4) 常用以下谓语动词的主、被动语态：know, see, say, expect, imagine, hope, believe, announce, suggest,
report, point out…, 例：
a. 主动（做宾）：as we all know, as you know, as everybody knows; as you see, as we can see, as we have
seen, as anybody can see; as was expected; as we can imagine, as we have imagined…
a) As we all know, the earth is round.
b) He was a foreigner, as I know from his accent.
c) Mike, as we expected, attended the meeting．像我们所期望的那样，迈克参加了会议。
b. 被动（做主）：as is known to everybody, as is known to all; as has been expected; as is often the case
(with …)，as has been pointed out, as is usual with, as is reported in the newspaper…
a) He is an honest man, as is known to all.
b) As is often the case with young people, he was overconfident.
c) He wasn't unconscious，as could be judged from his eyes．他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼
神可以判断出来。
2. which引导非限制性定语从句
1) 只能置于句中或句末（即不可置于句首，只能置于先行词之后）；
2) 先行词即可是一个词，也可是整个主句或主句的部分内容；是整个主句时，从句谓语动词用三单。
a. He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这
使我心烦。
b. Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
c. He studied hard at school when he was young, which leads to his success in his later life.
3) 有“这、这一点”等意思，表事实、状态、起因、转折、让步等；如：
a. Bamboo is hollow，which makes it very light．竹子是空的，这就使得它很轻。
b. Her house, which was built a hundred years ago, stood still in the earthquake. 她的房子尽管是一
百多年前建造的，但他在地震过后依然耸立。（让步）
【比较：He failed in the exam, as we had expected.】
c. He was late again, which made his teacher very angry. (先行词是一个句子)
d. He was proud, which I dislike very much.
e. He was proud, which his brother never was.
f. She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was.
g. She was awarded a gold medal, which the whole family considered a great honour.
4) 常用“prep.＋which”结构
a. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.
b. He is a library assistant, from whom I borrowed some books.
c. It is a famous school, from which he graduated 3 years ago.
d. He is my son, against whom a better son does not exist．
e. He stood at the window, from which (/ where) he could see what was happening.
f. There is a tall tree outside, under which (/where) stands our teacher.
5) 用“n./pron./num./adj比较或最高级 + prep.+ which/whom”结构，表示先行词的一部分
a. They talked about a movie, the name of which I've never forgotten．他们谈论过一部电影，我决