亚洲男同志网站人教版必修二：Unit+1+Section+Ⅲ Grammar——限制性定语从句+Word版含答案

2020年11月26日发(作者：师昌绪)
英语学习讲义
Section Ⅲ

Grammar——
限制性定语从句
语

境

自

主

领

悟

先观察原句

1.
There was not
much
(that) we
could do when it was raining.
2.
That is
all
that works.
flower
to
？

后自主感悟

1.
例句
1
先行词
much
和例句
2
先行词
all< br>后用
that
，不用
which
，作定语从句的宾
语时可以省 略。

3.
Who is the girl
that
he gave the
2.
例句
3
、
4
中关系代词作动词的间 接宾
语时，用
to
或
for
，无关系代词时，也要
4.The lady I wrote the poem
for

用
to
或
for
。

was my sister.
3.
例句
5
中介词置于从句之首，关系代词
5.
This is the great writer
to whom

whom
之前。

our teacher was referring.
4.
例句
6
中定语从句的谓语动词如果是
6.
He received the email (
that
) he
以介词结尾的短语动词，则不可把介词
was
looking forward to.

移至从句之首。


限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可 缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思
就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可 用逗号分开。
非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清
晰 完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。非限制性
好好努力 梦想终会实现
1
英语学习讲义
定语从句一般不用
that
引导。

Do you know the girl
who just came in?

你认识那个刚刚进来的女孩吗？
(
若把从句去掉，则不明白是哪个女孩
)
The old woman
，
who lives on her own
，
has a cat for company.
这个老妇人一个人住，养 了一只猫陪伴她。
(
若把从句去掉，仍然知道是哪
个老妇人
)
[
即时训练
1]
单句语法填空

①
My house
，
which I bought last year
，
has got a lovely garden.
②
The boy that/who broke the window is called Tom.
一、只用
that
不用
which
的情况

1．先行词是不定代词
all
，
much
，
little
，
something
，
everything
，
anything
，
nothing
，
none
等或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时。< br>
Do you have
anything that
you want to say for yourself?
你有什么要为自己说的吗？

the very (
恰恰，
the last
，
2
．先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或
the only
，正好
)
，
all
，
no
，
few
，little
，
any
等修饰时。

This is one of
the most exciting
football games
that
I have ever seen.
这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。

This is
the only
thing
that
we can do now.
这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。

3
．先行词既有人又有物时。

The scientist and his achievements that
you told me about are admired by us
all.
你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就为我们所有人所钦佩。

4
．当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也作表语时。

Shanghai is no longer
the city that
it used to be.
上海不再是过去的那座城市了。

5
．当主句的主语是疑问词
who
或
which
时。

Who
is the person
that
is standing at the gate?
站在门口的那个人是谁？

[
即时训练
2]
单句语法填空

好好努力 梦想终会实现
2
英语学习讲义
①
He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.
②
Here is the book about which I told you yesterday.
③
This is the best way that is to be used against pollution.
二、只用
which
不用
that
的情况

1
．引导非限制性定语从句。

Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others
，
of course
，
which
，
made the others envy him.
海伦对她最小的儿子比对其他的儿子好得多，这当然使其他的儿子很嫉妒她
的小儿子。

2
．关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前。

This is the house
in which
Lu Xun once lived.
这是鲁迅曾住过的房子。

3
．引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主 句所表示的整体或部分概
念。

The result was not the same as they had expected
，
which
was rather
disappointing.
结果与当初预料的不一样，这令人很失望。

[
即时训练
3]
单句语法填空

①
Tom came back
，
which made us very happy.
②
The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop.
三、

宜用
who
不宜用
that
的情况

1
． 当先行词是指人的不定代词时，如：
one
，
ones
，
anyon e
。

Anyone who
does that must be mad.
谁那样做都一定是疯了。

2
．当先行词是
I
，
you
，
he
，
they
等人称代词时
(
常用于谚语中
)
。

He who
doesn't reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
不到长城非好汉。

3
．当先行词为指人的
those
时。

Those who
have good manners will be highly respected.
那些有礼貌的人会受
到人们的高度尊重。

4
．在
there be
结构中，先行词是指人的名词时。

好好努力 梦想终会实现
3