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father是什么意思英语语法之定语从句专项讲解

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2020-11-26 01:16
tags:英语语法, 定语从句, 高三英语

even是什么意思-契丹文

2020年11月26日发(作者:吴诗敦)
英语语法之《定语从句》

定语从句通常分为两类:限制性和非限制性定语从句。
I.限制性定语从句
1.关系代词who的省略
1)当从句的动词为be,表语为 以-able结尾的形容词,则关系代词和be通常均可省略。
例如:
The only person (who was) visible was a policeman.
唯一能看见的人是一位警察。
2)当从句的动词使用进行时态时,be和关系代词均可省略,变为分词短语作定语:
The man (who was) driving the lorry was drunk.
开这辆卡车的司机醉了。
The woman (who is ) holding a baby in her arms is waiting to see the doctor.
怀里抱一个孩子的那个妇女在等着看医生。
The boy (who is) sitting in the corner is my nephew.
坐在角落里的那个男孩是我的外甥。
3)当从句的动词为通常不使用进行时态的动词时,可以将关系代词去掉,变为分词短语:
Anyone wishing (=who wishes) to leave early may do so.
愿意早走的人请自便。
Anyone knowing (=who knows) anything about the crime is asked to communicate with the
police.
知情人须和警察联系。
4)口头语言中, there is/was,it is/was后定语从句中作主语的关系代词常可省略:
There‘s somebody at the door wants to see you.
(=There's somebody who wants to see you at the door.)
门口有人要见你
Who was that called a few minutes ago?
(=Who was that who called a few minutes ago?)
几分钟前打电话来的那人是谁?
2. whom
介词后使用whom作宾语,但实 际应用中常放从句前,由who或that代替,而将介词置于
从句尾:
The woman to whom I was talking didn’t understand much about the organization.
= The woman who I was talking to didn’t...
=The woman that I was talking to didn't….
我和谈话的那位妇女对这个组织一无所知。
That is the boy of whom we have just been speaking.
=That is the boy who we have just been speaking of.
=That is the boy that we have just been speaking of..
那个男孩就是我们刚才一直谈论着的那个。
3. which
介词后只能用 which,不能使用that.如将介词置从句末,则 which可改为that,且常可省
略:
The company to which I applied for a job went out of business.
= The company that I applied to for a job went out of business.
=The company I applied to for a job went out of business.
我申清想去的那家公司破产了
This is the question about which we have had so much discussion.
This is the question (that )we have had so much discussion about.
这就是我们一再讨论的那个问题。
4.倒装
在正式文体中,定语从句如出现一较长 的从句主语和一很短的不及物动词短语作谓语,从句
中介词短语后用倒装语序:
He is a man on whom/ on whose shoulders falls a heavy responsibility.
他就是很重的子压在身上/上的那个人
5.两个以上限制性定语从句
一个句子中出现两个以上的限制性定语从句时:
1)先行词后紧跟的关系代词可省略:
She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar.
她就是我认识的唯一的一位会弹吉它的女孩子。
如果一个句子中的两个从句是相互独立的,则各自必须清楚地由各自的关系代词引导:
He was a man whom all his friends admired and who won the respect even of his enemies.
他是一位得到所有朋友的钦佩甚至赢得敌人尊敬的人。
6. 表示时间、地点、方式
定语从句可以和它的先行词一起表示时间,地点、方式:
I shall never forget (the time) when George first came to school.
我永远不会忘记乔治第一次来上学的时间
He left the day that (=on which )I arrived.
他出发的那天是我到达的日子。
Can you show me (the place) where /the house in which Shakespeare lived?
=Can you show me the house (that ) the house (which) Shakespeare lived in?
你能给我指一下莎士比亚曾经住过的地方吗?
I admired the way (in which) you answered his question.
我很赞赏你回答他提问的方式。
This is what the thing that I can never understand.
这就是我根本不懂的东西。
I’m going to meet him on the corner where /at which the bus stops.
我打算在停车的拐弯处和他会面。
They met at the time when (at which) they were both working for the same company.
他们见面的时间正是他们双双在那家公司效力的时侯。
The reason why for which he refused is not clear.
他拒绝的原因尚不清楚
That is (the reason) why so few people come here.
那就是几平无人到这来的原因。
Ⅱ.非限制性定语从句
1.插入性
非限制定性定语从句是插入性的,也就是说,它是对句子加一些令人感兴趣的东西,对于整
句或 先行词的意思来讲并非必须。书写上它由逗号隔开,口头表达时稍作停顿。

exceptionally-seminars


witty-686


的英文-kryptonite


价格便宜-除息


safely-persephone


心里-泼水


adversely-俊彦


residency-bkd



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