苟延残喘是什么意思：法律英语常见词释义

2020年11月30日发(作者：邹溥)
abuttals.
ab initio.
act of God.
adduce evidence.
affiliation proceedings.
Land or parts of a block of land which adjoins or abuts another property.
From the beginning.
A natural event, such as a storm or earthquake, which causes damage.
To present evidence to the court.
A court case in which a man is proved or disproved to be the father of a child.
affray.
alimony.

annul.



arraignment.

attest.
bailiff.
battery.

beneficiary.

bigamy.


blasphemy.

burglary.

call-over.



chattel
collusion.

committal hearing.

conversion.


counterfeiting.
creditor.
debtor.
default.
deponent.
detinue.

disbar.

donee.
donor.
double jeopardy.

easement.


empanel.
Unlawful fighting.
Regular payments made by a husband for the support of a wife after they have
separated.
To take away the legal effect of something. For example, when a marriage is
annulled it is as if the marriage never took place. This is to be distinguished from
a divorce, which recognizes the legality of the marriage, but which terminates the
legal effect.
The formal reading of a charge to an accused person and the entering of the
accused’s plea of either guilty or not guilty.
To witness an act or event by putting a signature to a document.
A person employed by a court to serve writs and to carry out court orders.
The touching of a person without their consent. Battery is sometimes called
assault.
(1) The person for whose good (benefit) a trustee holds property.
(2) A person who benefits under a will.
The offence committed by a person who marries another when they have not
been divorced from a former spouse and they are aware that this spouse is still
alive.
Words which offend against the beliefs of a particular religion. Do not confuse
with sacrilege.
Entering into another’s property by force with the intention of stealing. See also
breaking and entering.
A brief court appearance usually before a registrar to determine whether the
parties in an action are ready to go to trial. If they are, a hearing date is set. If the
parties are not ready, they are directed as to what needs to be done, and the
matter is given a date for another call-over.
A personal possession.
The arrangement or agreement between two persons either to do harm to a third
person or to carry out a fraud.
A hearing before a magistrate to determine whether there is sufficient evidence
for a jury to convict an accused person.
A wrong or tort in which a person deals with the property of another as if it were
her or his own. For example, the selling of a car by the person with whom it was
left for repair would be conversion. Conversion is a civil wrong.
Manufacturing false coins or paper money.
A person to whom money is owed.
A person who owes money to a creditor.
The failure to perform a duty or obligation
A person who swears or makes an affidavit
A cause of action by which a person claims the return of goods wrongfully
detained by another person.
To remove the name of a barrister or solicitor from the roll of the Supreme
Court, so that they can no longer practice.
The person who receives a gift.
The person who gives a gift.
The principle which holds that a person cannot be tried or convicted for the same
crime twice.
The right to use part of a block of land which belongs to another person. For
example, electricity, gas and water authorities have easements to allow pipes and
wires to pass over or under private property.
To empanel a jury is to choose and swear in the individual members of the jury.

eviction notice.
executor executrix.



ex-nuptial.

fiduciary.



fixture.

foreman.
fratricide.
garnish.
garnishee.
habeas corpus.

the

homicide.
initiating process.
incitement.
indictable offence.

injunction.


insolvency.
intellectual property.
interim order.

inter vivos.

intestate.
judge’s associate.
jurisdiction.
legacy.
lessee.
lessor.
lien.
liquidator.

maintenance.

mandatory.
minor.

miscarriage of justice.
monogamy.
natural person.

nonsuit.

nugatory.
A court order requiring tenants to leave rented premises.
The person who is responsible for ensuring that the property of a deceased
person is distributed according to the provisions of the will. The term only
applies where the deceased left a will. The person who distributed the estate of
an intestate is an administrator.
Born out of marriage. Used to refer to a child whose parents were not married
when the child was born. See illegitimacy.
A fiduciary is a person who owes an absolute duty to act honestly (bona fide )
for the benefit of or in the interests of another person. This duty is called a
fiduciary duty. An example of a fiduciary relationship is the relationship
between an accountant and a client.
Anything that is attached to land or a house which cannot be removed without
damage to the property.
Spokesperson of a jury.
The unlawful killing of one’s brother.
To extract money or property from a person as a result of a court order.
The person whose money or property is extracted as a result of a court order.
An order of the court or writ, which commands that a person should be released
from unlawful detention. For example, if a person is wrongfully detained by
police, a writ of habeas corpus may be applied for requiring her or his release.
The unlawful killing, either murder or manslaughter, of a human being.
The document which is used to begin a court action.
To encourage a person to commit a crime.
A serious criminal offence, such as murder, assault causing grievous bodily harm
or kidnapping.
A court order which requires a party to do or refrain from doing something. An
injunction may be permanent or temporary. A temporary injunction is called an
interlocutory injunction.
The inability to pay debts as they fall due.
The ownership of creative works, inventions and trademarks.
A court order which is temporary, usually between the initiation of proceedings
and the actual date of hearing.
During the lifetime. A person who makes a transfer of their property whilst they
are still alive does so inter vivos.
To die without leaving a will.
A person who performs secretarial and research duties for a judge.
The right or power of a court or tribunal to hear and decide a particular matter.
A legal of personal property in a will.
The person who takes a lease on property.
The person who grants a lease on property.
The right to hold property as security for the performance of an obligation.
A person whose task is to liquidate or sell the assets of a company and to ensure
that creditors are paid.
A regular payment for or towards the necessities of life for another person, either
adult or child.
Something which is mandatory is compulsory.
(1) A person under the age of 18.
(2) Insignificant or unimportant.
A failure of justice or a failure by the courts to ensure that justice is done.
Having one spouse.
A human being as distinct from an artificial person, which is an entity created by
law, such as a corporation
The abandonment of a trial before the jury has had the opportunity to give its
verdict.
Of no effect.
offensive weapons.
paternity suit.

perjury.

petty theft.
polyandry.
polygamy.


posthumous.
power of attorney.

presumption.


primogeniture.

pro rata.
proscribe.
proxy.



public company.

public defender.

ratio decidendi.
rebut.
rebuttal.

rescission.
revenue.
ruling.
sacrilege.

satisfaction.
submission.
transcript.

then


vicarious liability.






Objects capable of causing injury to a person.
A court action brought by the mother of a child claiming that a particular man is
the father.
The giving of false evidence in court by a person after having taken an oath or
affirmation.
The theft of items of little value.
Having more than one husband.
Literally, having more than one wife, but now used as a general term for having
more than one spouse. Note that in Australia polygamy is illegal. The crime of
having more than one spouse is called bigamy.
After death.
The written authority given by one person to another to act on their behalf or to
represent them.
A fact or state of affairs which is accepted by the court as being true, unless
evidence is presented to disprove it. For example, the presumption of innocence
holds that a person is innocent until proven guilty.
The rule which states that the eldest son or eldest male relative inherits the estate
of a deceased.
In proportion
To make something illegal.
A person who is authorized to stand in the place of someone else. For example, a
proxy vote is where a person, the proxy, is authorized to vote for another person.
A marriage by proxy is where a person stands in for the bride or groom in the
marriage ceremony.
A company registered on the stock exchange and in which the public may buy
shares.
A legal representative employed by the State to represent persons accused of
criminal offences.
The reason for a judge’s decision.
To disprove an allegation, presumption or fact.
The statement or evidence which disproves an allegation, presumption or fact. A
denial
The nullification of a contract.
Income.
A decision on a legal matter by a judge.
The intentional destruction of or damage to property which has religious
significance.
The payment of a debt.
A proposition put to or suggested to the court.
The official, written record of all that was said in court proceedings. Transcripts
are made by court reporters who take shorthand notes of all that is said and
transcribe them, that is, write them out. Transcripts are made available on
request to all parties in proceedings.
The responsibility or liability of one person for the wrongful actions of another.
For example, an employer is vicariously liable for the wrongful acts and
subsequent damage caused by employees whilst carrying out their duties. Thus,
if an employee is negligent in carrying out her or his tasks and thereby injures a
person, the employer will be liable for the damage.