有水可养鱼虾：英语高级词汇替换

2020年12月2日发(作者：孔宪涛)





英语高级词汇替换
Document number：WTWYT-WYWY-BTGTT-YTTYU-2018GT


1. important =crucial ['krul] [决定性的,重要的[(+tofor)]严酷的,艰难的]
significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)

The way you and I approach today, and each day, is crucial.
我们对待今天以及每一天的方式都是至关重要的。
Whether at work or at home, the goal is to engage in activities that are both
personally significant and enjoyable. 无论在工作中还是在家里，目标都是从事个人
重大的并且令人愉快的活动。
2. common=universal,
ubiquitous [ju'bkwts] [到处存在的,普遍存在的]
(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)
Music has been called the universal language.
人们称音乐为世界的语言.
Happiness is ubiquitous, may fall short of demand.
幸福无处不在,可还是供不应求.
3. abundant=ample [大量的,丰富的,充裕的足够的宽敞的,宽大的]
plentiful ['plentif?l][丰富的,充足的;多的富裕的;丰产的]
He has received ample praise for the work he did.
他所做的工作，使他获得了广泛的赞美。
This place has plentiful material resources.
这地方的物质资源是丰富的。


4. stick=adhere,
cling (hold on something tightly)

We adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly.
我们必须坚持人人都应该被平等对待这一原则。
The children cling to their father for more pocket money.
孩子们粘着爸爸，要他再给些零花钱。
t=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough
attention
to something; ignore means no attention.)

Focus in the person who are talking with you,ignore something else.
把全身的注意力都集中在与你谈话的人身上，忽略其他。
=adjacent['desnt](two things next to each other),
adjoin(the same as adjacent)

His house is adjacent to mine.
他的寓所与我的相毗连。
It is certain that virtue adjoins pride on one side.
好的品德常会引人走向骄傲自满的一面，那是不假的。
=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned),
seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)



He wooed and won her.
他向她求爱成功而结婚。
Older people may seek their own friends rather than become too emotionally
dependent on their children.
老年人可以找自己的朋友而不会在情感上太依赖他们的子女。
te=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details),
exact(correct in every detail)

We need to make precise estimate beforehand.
我们需要事先作出准确的估计.
I don't know the exact date.
我不知道确切的日子。
=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)
I had only an obscure view of it.
对这事我仅有一种模糊的想法。
=peak, summit?
Sales have reached a new peak.
销售额已达到了新高峰。
He attain the summit of his ambition.
他达到了追求的最高目标。
itor=rival,


opponent(especially in sports and politics)

Tom and I were rivals for the job.
汤姆和我是这次求职的竞争对手。
Never underestimate your opponent.
千万不要低估对手。
=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it’s very bad and
unacceptable)
13.
We condemned him for his bad conduct.
我们责备他行为不检点。
=perspective,
standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)

But from my perspective, it still was not good enough.
但是从我的角度来说它还不是很好。
Has the matter been viewed from his standpoint
这事已从他的立场加以观察了吗
=prestige(describe those who are admired),
reputation?

The old universities of Oxford and Cambridge still have a lot of prestige.


历史悠久的牛津大学和剑桥大学仍然享有很高的声望。
He spotted his reputation by lying repeatedly.
他因反复说谎而败坏了自己的名声。
=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL),
establish?

They erected their tent at the foot of the mountain.
他们在山脚下支起了帐篷。
I want to establish myself in the team.
我想要尽快确立自己在队内的位置。
=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel
ashamed
or stupid)

He felt humiliated when the teacher scolded him in front of the whole class.
老师在全班同学面前批评他使他感到羞辱。
=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)
And householders generally grumble a lot if they have to pay extra to have
their
rubbish collected.
假如居民们不得不支付额外费用用于垃圾收集，他们会抱怨很多。
y=radical (very important and great in degree),


fundamental?

Today, he is still bubbling with new ideas and radical initiatives.
今天，他依然能够冒出新的想法和激进的倡议。
The wisdom of human society to develop fundamental.
智慧是人类社会得以发展的根本。
e=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or
severe)

If where depressed when alleviate with the simplest way the mood
如何在郁闷的时候以最简单的方式缓解心情
=coerces into(you make someone do somethinghe does not want to),
compel?

After a period of time,her mother coerces her into attending piano lessons.
经过一段时间后,她母亲强迫她去上钢琴课。
I should assign you your share of labour, and compel you to accomplish it.
我要把属于你的那一份劳动分配给你，并且强迫你完成它。
=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)
He tried to magnify the part he played in the battle.
他想夸大他在那场战斗中所起的作用。
=intricate(if something is intricate, it of has many small parts and details)


Although the problem is intricate and complex, it can be solved very quickly
with
an electronic computer.
虽然问题虽然复杂难解，但用电子计算机很快就能解出。
23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near himher?)
His childhood was repressed and solitary.
他的童年是压抑而孤独的。
=minuscule(very small),
minute,
Since speaking parts were mandatory, I had already received the most
minuscule
role in the entire play.
因为演讲是强制性的，我曾经演过在整个演出当中最为卑微的角色。
The minute happiness always stay with you, it is the heaven if you satisfy
easily.
微小的幸福就在身边，容易满足就是天堂。
=extol(stronger than praise),
compliment(polite and political)
He keeps extolling her goodness.
他对她的善良赞不绝口。
I feel greatly flattered at his compliment.
他的赞美使我大感受宠若惊。


-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things
very
thoroughly)

If you cannot be assiduous, at least in your thought be like a sluggard.
如果你不是勤奋刻苦之人，那麽，至少你在你的思想中犹如游手好闲之徒。
ult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and
involves a
lot of efforts)

Although the work was arduous, he finished it in a short time.
虽然这项工作很费力，他仍然很快就做完了。
(soil)=barren,
infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be
planted on it)

Such a barren desert can support very few creatures.
在这样荒瘠的沙漠里, 很少生物能够存活.
The farmers in this area have to struggle to wrest a living from the infertile
soil.
该地区的农民不得不在这块贫瘠的土地上挣扎谋生。
e=brittle,


vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or
physically)
He has a brittle temper.
他脾气急。
How does the UN defend vulnerable groups in society
联合国如何保护社会中的弱势群体
=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)
I hope to demonstrate my ability and talents in my field adequately.
我希望能充分展示我在这个行业的能力和智慧。
=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent),
colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large),
tremendous(INFORMAL)

The temple is supported by massive columns.
此庙由粗大的柱子支撑
It requires government spending on a colossal scale.
这要求政府付出巨额开支。
He has a tremendous hold over his younger brother.
他对他弟弟很有影响.
=shun(if someone shuns something, she deliberately avoid that
something or
keep away from it.)



Wise men love truth, whereas fools shun it.
【谚】智者热爱真理，愚者回避真理。
=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or
decision on
something.)

He was not an impartial witness because of his affinity with the accused.
他不是公正的见证人, 因为他与被告有姻亲关系.
=assault (physically attack someone),
assail (attack violently
If you lay hands on me, I will charge you with assault.
如果你对我动手，我就指控你犯人身伤害罪。
All sorts of problems assailed us suddenly.
我们突然遇到各种各样的难题。
e=abhor(you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons),
loathe(dislike very much)!
I abhor advertising that is blatant,dull,or dishonest.
我痛恨那些华而不实、平淡无奇、或自欺欺人的广告。
I behold the treacherous and loathe them, Because they do not keep Your
word.
我看见奸恶的人、就甚憎恶、因为他们不遵守你的话。


=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)
She was devastated by his death. 她因他去世而悲痛欲绝。
=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)
A man who moralizes is usually a hypocrite, and a woman who moralizes is
invariably plain.
说教的男人通常是个伪善者，而说教的女人则必定是丑女。
r=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes),
immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)
A contented mind is a perpetual feast.
【谚】知足长乐。
An immutable class is one whose instances cannot be modified.
一个不可变类是指其实例不可修改的类。
se=startle(it means surprise you slightly),
astound(surprise you to a large degree),
astonish(the same as astound)
The least noise would startle the timid child.
最小的响声也会吓着这个胆小的孩子的。
These places continue to astound me every time I step off the plane or train.
每一次当我迈下飞机或火车时，眼前的景象都会让我感到震撼不已。
She astonished me with her beautiful handwriting.
她以其秀丽的书法而使我惊异。
iasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm),


fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)
He shows zeal for knowledge.
他渴望知识。
=tranquil(calm and peaceful),
serene(calm and quiet)!
He looked at the man with a tranquil eye.
他以平静的眼神看着那个男人。
It was a beautiful morning, calm and serene.
那是一个宁静、明媚的早晨。
=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)
She hunted out an unassuming restaurant and entered, but was disturbed to
find
that the prices were exorbitant for the size of her purse.
她找到一个不起眼的小饭店，就走了进去。但是她不安地发现那里的价钱高得吓
人，不
是她的钱包可以付得起的。
ous=lavish(impressive and very expensive),
sumptuous(grand and very expensive
The country girl was not used to their lavish mode of living.
这个乡下姑娘不习惯他们奢侈的生活方式。
After sumptuous banquet, they also took us to a dance hall to dance and sing.
奢盛的宴会后，他们还带我们到一个舞厅去跳舞和唱歌。


=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it’s boring and
frustrating)
He is an exceedingly tedious fellow.
他是一个非常令人生厌的家伙。
=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire her. FORMAL)
She stands high in the esteem of (ie is greatly respected by) her colleagues.
她深受同事的尊敬.
=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)
Don't fret, we'll get there on time.
别着急, 我们能准时到那里.
=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)
A gust of chilly autumn wind is blowing from the north.
一阵冷飕飕的秋风从北方吹来。
Driving on icy roads can be pretty hairy.
在结冰的道路上开车有时真使人心惊胆战
=boiling(very hot)
These vegetables have been boiling too long; they're cooked to a pulp.
这些蔬菜煮的时间太长了，都煮成糊了。
ous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to
people's
safety and health)
They face a perilous future.


他们面临渺茫的未来。
=currently
We are currently focusing seriously on this matter.
我们正在严肃地处理这个问题。
=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;
The custom is unique to the region.
这种风俗是这一地区特有的。
I believe everyone is born into the world to do something unique and
something
distinctive.
我相信每个人来到这个世界上，都是为了做一番与众不同、独一无二的事情！
=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)
The newspaper had ceased publication.
报纸已停刊。
=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made
of)
Surprise is an essential component of my plan.
我这项计划主要就是想使大家惊喜一下。
=consequence(the results or effects of something)
It rained yesterday and in consequence the match was canceled.
昨天下雨了, 结果比赛被取消。
=apparent, manifest


This is an apparent exception to the rule.
这是那项规定的一个明显的例外.
It manifested itself to all of us.
那对我们大家来说是显而易见的
=derived from can see or notice them very easily)
These stories derive from his experiences during the Long March.
这些故事是根据他在长征中的经历写成的。
=fairly
It's fairly mild for this time of the year.
每年这个时候气候相当温和。
=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)
His death is a lamentable loss of our work.
他的死对我们的工作来说是令人悲痛的损失。
=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)
The kitchen is my wife's domain, she doesn't like me going into it.
厨房是我妻子的领地，她不愿让我进去。
=emerge(come into existence)
After the rain, the sun emerge from behind the clouds.
雨过后，太阳从云层后面出来。
=entire(the whole of something)8
I am on the rack during the entire examination.
在整个考试过程中，我的心情十分紧张。


=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)!
Water the plant regularly to keep the soil moist.
按时给植物浇水以保持土壤湿润.
In this early spring or late winter are declining, I pick the flowers slightly
damp
snow up on stationery.
在这初春或者说是没落的晚冬里，我拾了朵微湿的雪花，放在信纸上。
The climate in the summer is hot and humid.
夏天的天气炎热湿润。
=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)
That the earth is flat is an erroneous concept.
认为地球是平的观念是错的。
=formidable
Anyway, this is a formidable problem for us to tackle.
这是摆在我们面前的一个大问题。
=convert(change into another form)
I want to convert several thousand dollars into Renminbi.
我想把几千美元换成人民币。
=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)
The beach is the quintessential place to go to relax and breathe fresh air.
海滩是休闲放松和呼吸新鲜空气的最好的去处。
l=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger),


prudent(careful and sensible)
He is always cautious of giving offence to others.
他一直注意不得罪人。
It will be prudent to save some of the money.
存点钱是有远见的。
y=capacity,
capability(the same as ability)
Her little son has a mind of great capacity.
她的小儿子接受力很强。
He won the election more on personality than on capability.
他以人品而非能力赢得了竞选。
=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, he behaves in a strange way, or
his opinion is different from most people)
The eccentric poet was a byword in literary circles.
这个古怪的诗人在文学圈内臭名昭着
=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)
It`s a shame that even in our affluent society, charities have to cry out for
funds.
真遗憾，甚至在我们这个富裕的社会里，慈善事业也仍然得乞求资金。
= utilize (the same as use)
We should often utilize Sundays to read reference books.
我们应时常利用星期曰来阅读参考书。


=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)
I'm rather skeptical about their ability to solve the problem.
我对他们解决这个问题的能力颇为怀疑。
=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and
satisfaction)
Now that she has a job in France she can gratify her desire to see Europe.
既然现在她在法国工作，那就可以满足她游览欧洲的愿望了。
=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)
For a fleeting moment I think the car be go to crash.
刹那间我想到汽车要碰撞。
Such novels came forward to enjoy ephemeral popularity only.
这样的小说只是昙花一现的东西而已。
=fellowship
I am writing to you to apply for a fellowship with a stipend in your university.
我想来贵校进修，并盼能给予助学金。
=enraged(extremely angry)
They turned a deaf ear to our demands , which enraged all of us.
他们对我们的要求置之不理，这使我们大家都很气愤。
=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)
There came a burst of malodorous smell from the sewer.
下水道传来一股很难闻的味道。
=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)#


In old China, drugs once brought hideous disaster to the nation.
在旧中国，毒品曾给中华民族带来深重灾难。
tive=appealing(pleasing and attractive),
absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal)
This 'win-win' structure is appealing to banks and investors.
这种双赢结构对银行和投资者均具吸引力。
The novel was so absorbing that she read on without a break even forgetting
food
and sleep.
这本小说非常引人入胜，她一口气读了下去，甚至废寝忘食。
e=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different
kinds of
84. things)
A small boy's pockets are likely to contain a miscellaneous collection of
objects.
小男孩的口袋里往往藏有杂七杂八的东西。
=disarray , chaos
Because the domestic scene is in disarray, the Government appears unable to
make
any meaningful foreign policy decisions.
因为国内情况未上轨道，政府似无法在外交方面做成任何有意义的决定。
Without roles, people would live in(a state of) chaos.


如果没有规章制度，人们就会生活在混乱之中。

=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and
uncontrolled way)
Fear washed through him as he looked frantically about, expecting any
moment to
hear the thump of black boots in the corridor.
恐惧席卷了他的身体，他狂乱地四下观望，期待着随时听到走廊里的黑色靴子落地
的声音。
=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone
achieves
87. success quickly)
Japan's meteoric economic rise never led to a parallel surge in diplomatic clout.
日本在经济上的急速兴起,从未带来其外交影响力的相应增长。

=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)
Life without aspiration, dream, fantasy is like mundane existence with only
skeleton.
生活若剥去理想、梦想、幻想，那生命便只是一堆空架子。

=notwithstanding(FORMAL)
They took a risk driving on, notwithstanding the storm.


不顾暴风雨，他们仍然冒险继续开车前进。

=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)
They can't pin down what is optimal.
他们无法确定哪种才是最佳的情况。

=acute(severe and intense)
Many people have a rather acute sense of the shortness of each lifetime.
许多人都有一个相当敏锐的感觉就是每个人的生命是短暂的。

=inconceivable(if you deem something inconceivable, you think it very
unlike to happen)
It once seemed inconceivable to everyone that men should travel to the moon.
人们一度认为，人飞上月球似乎是不可想象的。

=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries himher
because heshe does not understand it)
I slightly smile as usual, break rein of perplex in my heart.
习惯性的，露出微微的浅笑，挣脱了心里的迷惘。
=avenue(away of getting something done)
They explored every avenue but can not find a solution.
他们寻求各种途径,但仍找不到解决办法。



=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)
The vulgar man is always the most distinguished,for the very desire to be
distinguished is vulgar.
俗人总是最为与众不同，因其出人头地之欲望总是庸俗不堪。----切斯特菲尔德

=archaic(extremely old and extremely old- fashioned)
She is a nice girl with archaic smiles; we really like her.
她是个非常好的姑娘，脸上总是带着大方庄重的微笑，我们都很喜欢她。
=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via
Actually, the defeat also can embellish the life.
其实，失败也能点缀人生。

=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)
I fell on the thought that it might be feasible to try your suggestion.
我偶然想起试一下你的建议或许是行得通的。
=consequently , accordingly
The rain was heavy, consequently the road was flooded.
雨很大，所以路被淹没了。
Stars always know their audience and shape their message accordingly.
明星工作者了解他们的听众，能做到以言行迎合不同的听众.。
=infrequent (doesn’t happen often )


It was a dark summer night, shot through with infrequent shimmers of
lightning
silently firing a cloud lying low in the west and portending a storm.
这是个黑暗的夏夜。不时有几道闪电的微光穿破黑暗，照出暴风雨的征兆，西方被
点燃一
般低沉的乌云。

=rapacious(greedy and selfish)
We will own nothing at all,expect for real estate,empty shelf and a group of
rapacious idiots.
全球视野不能以丧失民族或区域的切身利益和核心竞争力能力为代价。