一衣带水造句：各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法

2020年12月3日发(作者：陶春)

各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法



1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如：



The person who broke the window must pay for it.



The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.



2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如：



Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?



Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come.



3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。例如：



The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.



I know the boy whose father is a professor.



4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：



A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.



Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.



5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：



I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.



Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?



6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：



I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.



He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.



7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：



This is the house where we lived last year.



The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.



四. 关系代词whom，which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和
介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将< br>whom与which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，
如：



That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That
was the room which we had lived in for ten years.



五. 具体使用时还要注意下列问题：



1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况：



(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定
代词时。例如：

精品资料
_________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ _


All that he said is true.



(2) 先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时。例如：



He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.

have been to v.曾经到过



(3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：



He was the second (person) that told me the secret.



(4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。



This is the best book (that) I have read this year.



(5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：



He talked about the people and the things he remembered.



2. 只能用which，不用that的情况：



(1) 在非限制性定语从中。例如：



The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.



(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：



The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.



【中考范例】



1. (2004年哈尔滨中考试题)



---Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees?



---Yes, he does.



A. which B. whose C. where D. who



【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是引导 定语从句的关系代词的选择。
因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。



2. (2004年常州市中考试题)



The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very
important.



A. who B. where C. what D. that



【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是定语从句的关系代词的选择。因
为先行词是物 ，而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，所以只有that合适。



3. (2004年扬州市中考试题)



---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?



---He has gone back to Qinghua University.

精品资料
_____________________ __________________________________________________ _______________________________________


A. whom B. who C. whose D. which



【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。
因为先行词 是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who
合适。



4. (2004年益阳市中考试题)



I hate people _______ talk much but do little.



A. whose B. whom C. which D. who



【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。
因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who
合适。

【满分演练】



一. 单项填空



1. ---Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher?



---Oh! It’s Mr. Baker, our maths teacher.



A. he B. that C. whom D. which



2. I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in
trouble.



A. who B. which C. they D. where



3. The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada.



A. which B. when C. who D. whom



4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved
climbing.



A. who B. whom C. he D. which



5. This is the place _____I have ever visited.



A. there B. when C. where D. which



6. Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t come to the
meeting.



A. that B. which C. why D. when



7. The moon is a world ______ there is no life.



A. that B. which C. where D. why



8. He has forgotten the day _______ he arrived.



A. when B. where C. that D. which



9. He still remembers the days ______ he spent with your family.



精品资料
_______________ __________________________________________________ _____________________________________________
A. when B. where C. that D. on which



10. Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the
policeman.



A. who B. that C. whose D. which



11. He got to the village _______ his family once lived before
liberation.



A. that B. which C. when D. where



12. This is the house _______ I want to buy.



A. in which B. that C. whose D. where



13. This is the house _______ our beloved Premier Zhou once
lived and worked.



A. which B. that C. when D. where



14. He didn’t tell me the place _______ he was born.



A. that B. which C. when D. where



15. He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the
railway station.



A. that B. which C. where D. when

三. 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空

1. The house _______ we live in is very big.

2. The boy ______ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.

3. This is the present _____ he gave me for my birthday.

4. The man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer.

5. He talked about the teachers and schools _______ he had
visited.

6. There is nothing in the world _______ can frighten him.

7. She wears a gold ring, _______ is very uncommon in our class.

8. We visited a factory _______ makes toys for children.

9. Is this the place _______ your father once lived?

10. I’ll never forget the days _______ I joined the League.

【练习答案】

一. 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.D 12.B 13.D
14.D 15.B



三. which that which that
that

_________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ _
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___________________________________ __________________________________________________ _________________________








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