英文句型的转换

2020年12月4日发(作者：徐国贤)

英文句型的转换

1. 简单句句型的转换
1.1 主语
1）有时对其他句子成分无影响。
a. There is nothing inconsistent in what she said. 她的话并无前后矛盾之处。
→There is no inconsistency in what she said.
b. His arrogant manner made everyone dislike him. 他的傲慢态度使大家都讨厌他。
→His arrogance made everyone dislike him.
c. Your denying it is useless. 你的否认没有用。
→Your denial of it is useless.
2）有时其他部分需要相应的改动。
a. Mastery of a language requires painstaking efforts. 学语言要下苦功。
→It requires painstaking efforts to master a language.
b. No amount of persuasion could make her change her mind. 不管怎样劝说，她都
不肯改变主意。
→Nothing could persuade her to change her mind.
c. His decision was to join the army after thorough consideration. 经过深思熟
虑后，他决定参军。
→He decided to join the army after thorough consideration.
总结：具象和抽象主语间可互相转化。
1.2 谓语
1）转化为表语
a. These books can be obtained at any library. 这些书哪个图书馆都有。
→These books can be obtainable at any library.
b. Every language reflects the culture that produces it. 每种语言都反映产生它
的文化。
→Every language is a reflection of the culture that produces it.
c. She always minds her obligation to others. 她总是注意自己对别人的责任。
→She is always mindful of her obligation to others.
2）转化为“动词+名词”
a. He apologized for having broken his promise. 他为违背诺言而道歉。
→He offered apologies for having broken his promise.
b. She recited a poem by Bai Juyi. 她朗诵了白居易的一首诗。
→She gave a recitation of a poem by Bai Juyi.
c. He applied for a passport. 他申请了一份护照。
→He made an application for a passport.
1.3 宾语
1）抽象与具象名词间的互换
a. The expansion of the city required extension of the communication lines. 城
市要扩大就要延长交通线。


→The expansion of the city required extended communication lines.
b. The report revealed the precariousness of their position. 报告透露了他们处
境的危险。
→The report revealed their precarious position.
c. They were deeply impressed by the fluency of her English. 她流利的英语给他
们留下了深刻的印象。
→They were deeply impressed by her fluent English.
2）部分宾语（宾补）发生变化
a. They always consider themselves to be right. 他们总认为自己是对的。
→They always consider themselves to be in the right.
b. I believe him to be honest. 我相信他是诚实的。
→I believe him honest.
1.4 表语
1）名词与形容词互换
a. Your suggestions are of great value to us. 你的建议对我们很有价值。
→Your suggestions are very valuable to us.
b. Sunlight is of great benefit to the human body. 阳光对人体很有好处。
→Sunlight is greatly beneficial to the human body.
2）被动结构转化为“be+介词短语”
a. The road is being repaired. 马路正在翻修。
→The road is under repair.
b. The scene could not be described. 景色无法形容。
→The scene is beyond description.
1.5 状语
1）副词转换为“介词短语”
a. She purposely ignored me at the party. 她在晚会上故意不理我。
→She ignored me on purpose at the party.
b. I only met her accidentally. 我只是偶然碰到她。
→I only met her by accident.
2）不定式转换为“介词短语”
a. The policemen ran through the street to pursue the bank robbers. 警察在马
路上追逐银行劫犯。
→The policemen ran through the street in pursuit of the bank robbers.
b. We walked through the woods to search for the little girl. 我们穿过树林找
寻那个小女孩。
→We walked through the woods in search of the little girl.
3）分词短语转换为“介词短语”
a. The staff members in the office are all busy working. 办公室的职员们都在紧
张地工作。
→The staff members in the office are all busy at work.
b. He entered, accompanied by a group of boys. 他和一群男孩走了进来。
→He entered in company with a group of boys.
1.6 定语
1）形容词转换为“介词短语”


a. It is a very important discovery. 这是一项重大发现。
→It is a discovery of great importance.
b. She is an intelligent girl. 她是个智力很高的姑娘。
→She is a girl of high intelligence.
2）其他转换
a. It is indeed a day to be remembered. 这确实是一个难忘的日子。
→It is indeed a memorable day.
b. I want to book a room accessing to Internet. 我想订一间可以上网的房间。
→I want to book a room accessible to Internet.

2. 简单句与复合句的互换
2.1 主语从句
1）主语从句转换为“不定式”
a. It is so regrettable that one should be so extravagant. 这样奢侈浪费是令人
遗憾的。
→It is so regrettable to be so extravagant.
b. It has not been decided where we should hold the conference. 在哪里开会还
没有决定。
→It has not been decided where to hold the conference.
2）主语从句转换为“动名词短语”
a. It worries her that Tom should mix with such people. 汤姆和这样的人来往令
她发愁。
→Tom’s mixing with such people worries her.
b. It is a great honor that you’ve come to visit us. 你的来访是我们的一大荣
幸。
→Your coming to visit us is a great honor.
2.2 表语从句
1）表语从句转换为“不定式”
a. My idea is that we should rent an apartment. 我的想法是去租一套房子。
→My idea is to rent an apartment.
b. The question is how we could raise so much money. 问题是如何筹集这么多资金。
→The question is how to raise so much money.
2）表语从句转换为“动名词短语”
a. Our chief worry was that she lacked enthusiasm. 我们主要担心她缺乏热情。
→Our chief worry was her lacking in enthusiasm.
b. My suggestion is that we make immediate inquiries into the matter. 我建议
马上调查此事。
→My suggestion is making immediate inquiries into the matter.
3）表语从句转换为“名词短语”
a. Another difficulty was that they could not communicate with the outside. 另
一个困难是他们无法与外界取得联系。
→Another difficulty was their inability to communicate with the outside.


b. Their trouble is that they are short of skilled workers. 他们的困难是缺乏
熟练工人。


→Their trouble is their shortage of skilled workers.
2.3 宾语从句
1）宾语从句转换为“动名词短语”
a. I remember that I’ve heard you speak on that subject. 我记得曾听你说过这
个问题。
→I remember having heard you speak on that subject.
b. He denied that he had made any statement to that effect. 他否认曾做过那样
内容的声明。
→He denied having made any statement to that effect.
2）宾语从句转换为“带不定式的复合宾语”
a. The police ordered that they should wait right there. 警察命令他们就在那里
等候。
→The police ordered them to wait right there.
b. She told me where I could shop cheaply. 她告诉我在哪里可以买到便宜东西。
→She told me where to shop cheaply.
3）宾语从句转换为“名词短语”
a. Workers demanded that they should be paid higher wages. 工人要求增加工资。
→Workers demanded higher wages.
b. The judge ordered that the prisoner be released. 法官命令释放这名囚犯。
→The judge ordered the release of the prisoner.
2.4 定语从句
1）定语从句转换为“不定式短语”
a. There are a lot of things we should do today. 今天有很多事要做。
→There are a lot of things to do today.
b. That is nothing we should feel ashamed of. 这不是什么该羞愧的事。
→That is nothing to be ashamed of.
2）定语从句转换为“分词短语”
a. Those who study there are mostly disabled children. 在那里学习的大多数都是
残疾儿童。
→Those studying there are mostly disabled children.
b. These are the seats which are reserved for VIPs. 这些是为贵宾们保留的座位
→These are the seats reserved for VIPs.
3）定语从句转换为“介词短语或名词”
a. The information that is in his possession is strictly confidential. 他掌握
的情报都是极端机密的。
→The information in his possession is strictly confidential.
b. Elizabeth, who is a girl of a strong character, refused to back down. 伊丽
莎白是个性格坚强的姑娘，不肯退让。
→Elizabeth, a girl of a strong character, refused to back down.
2.5 状语从句
1）状语从句转换为“分词短语”
a. After he had failed twice, he didn’t want to try again. 失败两次，他不想
再尝试了。


→Having failed twice, he didn’t want to try again.
b. As he was convinced that they were trying to poison him, he refused to eat
anything. 因认定他们想毒害他，他什么东西都不肯吃。
→Convinced that they were trying to poison him, he refused to eat anything.
2）状语从句转换为“不定式短语”
a. He wore a mask so that no one should recognize him. 他戴了一个面罩以防有人
认出他。
→He wore a mask so as not to be recognized.
3）状语从句转换为“介词短语”
a. Don’t make any changes until you get further notice. 在另接通知前不要做任
何改动。
→Don’t make any changes until further notice.
b. Although he came back soon, he missed that important moment. 尽管他很快回
来了，他仍然错过了那个重要的时刻。
→In spite of his coming back soon, he missed that important moment.





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