常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则

2020年12月6日发(作者：俞允文)
动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
一、规则变化:
1. 一般情况直接加ed，如ask—asked, work—worked
2. 以不发音的e结尾，只加d，如love—loved, dance—danced
3. 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i，再加ed，如try—tried, study—studied
4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结
尾而 末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped,
permit—permitted
注：A. 以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l, 如control—controlled；尾音节不重读
时,双不双写都可以，如travel—tr aveled(美) travelled(英) 。
B. 特例:picnic—picnicke d—picnicked(去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked
（交易,在…通行） 另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要
熟记.(见后)
C. 读音与说明:
①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped,
clapped
②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred,
followed, stayed
③.-ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted

二、不规则动词(Irregular Verbs)的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法：
1. 以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如：
put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat read—read must--must
2. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。如:
build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent
3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。如：
mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt
4. 以ow aw结尾的词，把ow aw变成ew。如：
blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew throw—threw（动词show
除外，show—showed）
5. 含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。如：
keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt sweep—swept
6. 含有元音字母o i的词，将o i变成a。如：
come—came become—became sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—
drank
7．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如：
bring—brought，buy— bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught
8．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如：
drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote
9．动词原形中的e改为o，如： get—got，forget—forgot
10．动词原形中的ee改为e，如： feed—fed，meet—met
11．动词原形中的eak改为oke，如： break—broke，speak—spoke
12．动词原形中的ell改为old，如： sell—sold，tell—told
13．动词原形中的an改为oo，如： stand—stood，understand—understood
14．以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如：
can—could，shall—should，will—would
15．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕， say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕，mean〔mi:n〕—meant
〔ment〕
16．不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如：
am，is—was，are—were，b uild—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，find—
found ，fly—flew，go—went，have ／has— had，hold—held，leave—l eft，make
—made，may—might，run—ran，see—saw，take—t ook


新人教版初中英语不规则动词归类记忆表

一、AAA型：动词原形与过去式、过去分词一样（原形→原形→原形）

原形
read
cut
let
put
cost
hit
set
hurt

二、ABA型：动词原形与过去分词一样（原形→过去式→原形）
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
过去式
read
cut
let
put
cost
hit
set
hurt
过去分词
read
cut
let
put
cost
hit
set
hurt
汉语意思
读
切，割
让
放
花费，值
撞，击
安排，安置
使…伤痛
become
come
run
became
came
ran
become
come
run
成为
来
跑
三、ABC型：动词原形与过去式、过去分词都不一样
1. ow →ew →own

原形
blow
draw
grow
know
fly
过去式
blew
drew
grew
knew
flew
过去分词
blown
drawn
grown
known
flown
汉语意思
吹
画
生长
知道
飞
2. i→a →u

原形
begin
drink
sing
swim
ring
过去式
began
drank
sang
swam
rang
过去分词
begun
drunk
sung
swum
rung
汉语意思
开始
喝
唱
游泳
打电话
3. 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n

原形
wear
forget
speak
freeze
choose
过去式
wore
forgot
spoke
froze
chose
过去分词
worn
forgotten
spoken
frozen
chosen
汉语意思
穿
忘记
说
冻
选择
4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e)n

原形
eat
forbid
give
过去式
ate
forbade
gave
过去分词
eaten
forbidden
given
汉语意思
吃
禁止
给
ride
see
write
fall
rode
saw
wrote
fell
ridden
seen
written
fallen
骑
看见
写
落下
5. 无规律

原形
amis
are
do
go
take

四、ABB型
过去式
was
were
did
went
took
过去分词
been
been
done
gone
taken
汉语意思
是
是
做
走
拿
1. 原形→ought →ought

原形
bring
buy
fight
think
过去式
brought
bought
fought
thought
过去分词
brought
bought
fought
thought
汉语意思
带来
买
打架
思考
2. 原形→aught →aught

原形
catch
teach
过去式
caught
taught
过去分词
caught
taught
汉语意思
捉,抓
教
3. 变其中一个元音字母

原形
feed
meet
get
hold
babysit
过去式
fed
met
got
held
babysat
过去分词
fed
met
got
held
babysat
汉语意思
喂
遇见
得到
拥有
临时照看
sit
win
find
sat
won
found
sat
won
found
坐
赢
发现
4. 原形→□lt→□lt

原形
feel
keep
leave
sleep
sweep
过去式
felt
kept
left
slept
swept
过去分词
felt
kept
left
slept
swept
汉语意思
感到
保持
离开
睡
扫
5. 变其中一个辅音字母

原形
build
hear
make
mean
send
spend
deal
过去式
built
heard
made
meant
sent
spent
dealt
过去分词
built
heard
made
meant
sent
spent
dealt
汉语意思
建造
听见
制造
意思
送,寄
花费
处理
6.辅音字母和元音字母都变

原形
have
lay
lose
pay
say
sell
tell
stand

过去式
had
lain
lost
paid
said
sold
told
stood
过去分词
had
lain
lost
paid
said
sold
told
stood
汉语意思
有,吃
放
丢失
付钱
说
卖
告诉
站
五、AAB型
原形
beat

六、有两种形式
原形
bear
过去式
bore
bore
hang
hanged
hung
learn
learned
learnt
lied
lay
show
showed
showed
spell
spelled
spelt
burned
burnt
smell
smelled
smelt
shine
shined
shone
dreamed
dreamt
wake
waked
woke
hide
hid
hid
过去分词
born
borne
hanged
hung
learned
learnt
lied
lain
showed
shown
spelled
spelt
burned
burnt
smelled
smelt
shined
shone
dreamed
dreamt
waked
woken
hid
hidden
躲藏
醒
照耀
闻
拼写
学
说谎
躺
给…看
吊死
挂
汉语意思
生
过去式
beat
过去分词
beaten
汉语意思
打败
lie
burn 烧
dream 做梦




七、情态动词
原形
can
may
must
shall
will

初中英语不规则动词表（二）
原形
amis
are
过去式
was
were
过去分词
been
been
babysat
born
borne
beaten
become
begun
blown
brought
built
burned
burnt
bought
∕
caught
chosen
come
cost
汉语
意思
是
原形
lay
过去式
lain
过去分
词
lain
汉语意
思
放
学
学
离开
把…借
给
让
说谎
躺
丢失
制造
也许
意思
遇见
必须
付钱
放
读
骑
打电话
过去式
could
might
∕
should
would
过去分词
∕
∕
∕
∕
∕
汉语意思
能
也许
必须
将要
会
babysit babysat
bear
bear
beat
become
begin
blow
bring
build
burn
burn
buy
can
catch
choose
come
cost
bore
bore
beat
became
began
blew
brought
built
burned
burnt
bought
could
caught
chose
came
cost
是 learn learned learned
临时
learn learnt learnt
照看
生 leave left left
生
打败
成为
开始
吹
带来
建造
烧
烧
买
能
捉,抓
选择
来
花费，
lend
let
lie
lie
lose
make
may
mean
meet
must
pay
put
read
ride
ring
lent
let
lied
lay
lost
made
might
meant
met
∕
paid
put
read
rode
rang
lent
let
lied
lain
lost
made
∕
meant
met
∕
paid
put
read
ridden
rung
值
cut
deal
dig
do
draw
dream
dream
drink
drive
eat
fall
feed
feel
fight
find
fly
forget
freeze
get
give
go
grow
hang
hang
have
hear
hide
hide
hit
hold
hurt
keep
know

cut
dealt
dug
did
drew
dreamed
dreamt
drank
drove
ate
fell
fed
felt
fought
found
flew
forgot
froze
got
gave
went
grew
hanged
hung
had
heard
hid
hid
hit
held
hurt
kept
knew
cut
dealt
dug
done
drawn
dreamed
dreamt
drunk
driven
eaten
fallen
fed
felt
fought
found
flown
forgotten
frozen
got
given
gone
grown
hanged
hung
had
heard
hid
hidden
hit
held
hurt
kept
known
切，割 run
处理
挖
做
画
做梦
say
see
sell
send
set
ran
said
saw
sold
sent
set
should
shined
shone
showed
showed
sang
sat
slept
smelt
spoke
spelt
spent
stood
swept
swam
took
taught
told
waked
woke
wore
would
won
wrote

run
said
seen
sold
sent
set
∕
shined
shone
showed
shown
sung
sat
slept
smelt
spoken
spelt
spent
stood
swept
swum
taken
taught
told
waked
woken
worn
∕
won
written

跑
说
看见
卖
送,寄
安排，安
置
将要
照耀
照耀
给…看
给…看
唱
坐
睡
闻
闻
说
拼写
拼写
花费
站
扫
游泳
拿
教
告诉
思考
醒
醒
穿
会
赢
写
做梦 shall
喝
吃
落下
喂
感到
shine
show
show
sing
sit
驾驶 shine
打架 sleep
飞 smell
发现 smell smelled smelled
禁止 speak
冻
给
走
生长
吊死
挂
spell
stand
sweep
swim
take
teach
forbid forbade forbidden
忘记 spell spelled spelled
得到 spend
有,吃 tell
躲藏
躲藏
wake
wake
听见 think thought thought
撞，击 wear
拥有 will
使…
win
伤痛
保持 write
知道