动词过去式的变化规则

2020年12月6日发(作者：邓逸凡)
不规则动词的过去式、过去分词的变化规律
一、AAA型（原形、过去式、过去分词都一样）
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
cut cut cut 切，割
cost cost cost 花费，值（多少钱）
read read read 读
set set set 安排，安置
shut shut shut关闭；关上
spread spread spread传播
let let let 让
put put put 放
hit hit hit 撞，击
hurt hurt hurt 受伤
二、ABA型（原形→过去式→原形）
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
become became become 成为；变得
come came come 来
run ran run 跑
三、ABC型
1. ow →ew →own或aw →ew →awn
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
blow blew blown 吹
draw drew drawn 画画
grow grew grown 生长
know knew known 知道
throw threw thrown 丢；扔
fly flew flown 放；飞
2. i→a →u
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
begin began begun 开始
drink drank drunk 喝
sing sang sung 唱
swim swam swum 游泳
ring rang rung 打电话
3. 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
break broke broken 打破，损坏
choose chose chosen 选择
forget forgot forgotten 忘记
speak spoke spoken 说
steal stole stolen 偷窃
wake woke woken 醒来

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4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e)n
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
drive drove driven 驾驶
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下
give gave given 给
ride rode ridden 骑
hide hid hidden 躲藏
rise rose risen 升起
see saw seen 看见
shake shook shaken 晃动；震动
take took taken 拿走；带走
mistake mistook mistaken 犯错
write wrote written 写
5. 无规律
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
amis was been 是
are were been 是
do did done 做
go went gone 走；去
wear wore worn 穿
四、ABB型(过去式和过去分词一样)
1. 原形→ought →ought
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
bring brought brought 带来
buy bought bought 买
fight fought fought 打架
think thought thought 思考
2. 原形→aught →aught
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
catch caught caught 捉,抓
teach taught taught 教
3. 变元音字母
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
feed fed fed 喂
meet met met 遇见
speed sped sped加速
get got got 得到
forget forgot forgot 忘记
hold held held 拥有
sit sat sat 坐
dig dug dug 挖地
stick stuck stuck粘贴
win won won 赢；获胜
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find found found 发现
hang hung hung 悬挂
shine shone shone 照耀
4. 原形→□t→□t
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
feel felt felt 感到
keep kept kept 保持
leave left left 离开
sleep slept slept 睡觉
sweep swept swept 打扫
5. 变其中一个辅音字母
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
build built built 建造
hear heard heard 听见
make made made 制造
mean meant meant 意思是
send sent sent 送,寄
spend spent spent 花费
deal dealt dealt 处理
6.辅音字母和元音字母都变
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
have（has） had had 有,吃
lose lost lost 丢失
pay paid paid 付钱
say said said 说
sell sold sold 卖
tell told told 告诉
stand stood stood 站
understand understood understood 理解
五、AAB型
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
beat beat beaten 打败
六、有两种形式
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
bear bore born 出生
bore borne
learn learned learned 学习
learnt learnt
lie lied lied 说谎
lay lain 躺下
show showed showed 出示
showed shown
spell spelled spelled 拼写
spelt spelt
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burn burned burned 燃烧
burnt burnt
smell smelled smelled 闻起来
smelt smelt
dream dreamed dreamed 做梦
dreamt dreamt
wake waked waked 醒来
woke woken
light lighted lighted 点亮
lit
七、情态动词
原形 过去式
can could
may might
must ∕
shall should
will would
lit
过去分词 汉语意思
∕ 能
∕ 也许
∕ 必须
∕ 将要
∕ 将会
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