nba的意思2019年高考英语实战演练专项阅读理解(31-35)(附详析)

2020年12月12日发(作者：强士位)

2019年高考英语实战演练专项阅读理解（31-35）(附详析)


注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多
理解 ！
无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。在论述题中，问题大多具有委
婉性 ，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。考生要
认真阅读题目中提 供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议
考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来 ，方便反复细读。只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，
积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将 考点锁定，明确题意。
(第31篇)
GUATEMALACITY(Reuters)—A fishthatlivesinmangroveswamps(红树沼
泽)acrosstheAm ericascanliveoutofwaterformonthsatatime,similartoh owanimalsadapte
d(适应)tolandmillionsofyearsago,a newstudyshows.
TheMangroveRivulus,atypeofsmall killifish,livesinsmallpoolsofwaterinacertain
ty peofemptynutorevenoldbeercansinthemangroveswampsof Belize,theUnitedStatesandBr
eirlivingplacedries up,theyliveonthelandinlogs(圆木),saidScottTaylor，
aresearcherattheBrevardEndangeredLandsPrograminFl orida.
Thefish，
whosescientificnameisRivulu smarmoratus,ouptog
etherinlogsandbreatheairthro ughtheirskinuntiltheycanfindwateragain.
Thenew scientificdiscoverycameafteratriptoBelize.
“We kickedoveralogandthefishjustcamecrowdingout，”
h ewillmakehisstudyonth
efishknowntothepublicinan Americanmagazineearlynextyear.
Inlabtests,Tayl orsaidhefoundthefishcanliveupto66daysoutofwaterwit houteating
.
kingcatfishfoundi
nSoutheas tAsiacanstayonlandforhoursatatime,whilelungfishfou ndinAustra
lia,AfricaandSouthAmericacanliveonto fwater，
therknownfishcanbeoutofwateraslongasthe MangroveR
ivulusandremainactive,accordingtoPatr iciaWright,abiologistatCanada’
sUniversityofGue lph.
Furtherstudiesofthefishmaytellhowanimalsc hangedovertime.
“Theseanimalsliveinconditionss imilartothosethatexistedmillionsofyearsago，
whe nanimalsbeganmakingthetransition(过渡)fromwaterontol and,”Wrightsaid.
[语篇解读]最新发现：有一种鱼，即使离开水也能存活。
1、TheMangroveRivulusisatypeoffishthat________.
atingnuts
slivingindryplaces
ongestlivingfishonearth
yalivefortwomonthsoutofwater
[解析]事实细节题。依据在 第六段，Taylor说这种鱼离水后能活66天，也就是两个多
月。
[答案]D
2、WhowillwriteupareportonmangroveRivulus?
iaWright.

chersinGuatemala.
istsfromBelize.
aylor.
[解析]推理判断题。第五段最后 一句话告诉我们：明年ScottTaylor将要把对于这种鱼
的研究在一份美国杂志上公布于众。
[答案]D
3、Accordingtothetext,lungfishcan________.
ethroughitsskin
eelyondryland
aliveoutofwater
tiveonlandasinwater
[解析]事实细节题。第七段第二句话告诉我们：lungfish离开水也可以存活。
[答案]C
4、WhatcanwesayaboutthediscoveryofMan groveRivulus?
adequitebyaccident.
asedonalabtestofsealife.
upportedbyanAmericanmagazine.
elpedbyPatriciaWright.
[解析]推理判断题。第五段Taylor的话告诉我们：发现这种鱼是偶然的。
[答案]A
(第32篇)
“Oldwives’tales”mple，
mostofusre memberourparents’
eanytruthinthesete
achings ?Someofthemagreewithpresentmedicalthinking，
but othershavenotpassedthetestoftime.
Didyourmothe revertellyoutoeatyourcarrotsbecausetheyaregoodfory oureyes?Scien
tistsnowreportthateatingcarrotsca nhelppreventaseriouseyediseasecalledmaculardeg
justonecarrotadaycanreducethepossibilityofgettingt hisdiseaseby4
0%.Garlic(蒜)isgoodforyou，illthety peofvirusthatcausescolds.
Unfortunately,notall ofMom’
mple,generationsofchildrenhavebeento
earchsuggeststhatthereisnodanger
tscausetoothpr oblems？
Well,sweetsmadewithgrainstendtocausemor eproblemsthansweetsmadewi
thsimplesugars.
E venthoughsciencecantellusthatsomeofourtraditionalb eliefsdon’
thold_water,_thereisstillalotoftruth intheoldwives’
ll,muchofthisknowledgehasbeenacc umulated(积
累)ldrespectthisbodyof
knowledgeev enaswesearchforclearscientificsupporttoproveittrue orfalse.
[语篇解读]我们大多数人都记得父母告诉我们要吃某些食物或者不要去做某些事情 。这
些告诫是对的吗？实际上，其中一些是与现在的医学思想相符合的，而另外一些却经不起考
验。文章举了例子，并指出即便当我们寻找明确的科学证据来证明它的对错时，我们也应该
尊重这类知识 。
5、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?
garlicisgoodforoureyes.
sweetsaredamagingtoourteeth.

ngafteramealisdangerous.
spreventpeoplefromcatchingcolds.
[解析]事实细节题 。从第三段最后一句
Stickysweelsmadewithgrainstendtocause moreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars.
可以看 出，stickysweets的确可以对牙齿造成危害。
[答案]B
6、Theauth ordevelopsthethirdparagraphmainly________.
eandeffect rinspace
rintime ples
[ 解析]推理判断题。第三段第一句是主题句。随后，举了饭后一小时内游泳和吃糖这两
个例子来证明主题 句。因此，这一段是通过举例来构成段落的。
[答案]D
7、Thephrase“hol dwater”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans“_______ _”、
lievable luable
mirable itable
[解析]猜测词义题。从最后一段第一句可知，虽然科学告诉我们有一些传统观念不可信，
但是这些老 妈妈们的说法还是有一些正确的地方。holdwater指“可信的”。
[答案]A
8、 Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoward“oldwives’tales”int hetext?
tive. ive.
isfied. s.
[解 析]推理判断题。纵观全文，作者既指出了一些传统说法的正确性，又说明了一些传
统观念没有科学依据 。尤其是文中最后一段作者说明了对这些观念的尊重，因此可以看出作
者的态度是客观的。
[答案]B
(第33篇)
Evenatschooltherehadbeena nunhealthycompetitionbetweenGeorgeandRichard.
“I’llbethefirstmillionaireinColeford！”Richardusedt oboast.
“Andyou’llbesorryyouknewme，”Georgewoul dreply“becauseI’
llbethebestlawyerintown！”
dbothmenopened
ardtomakemoneyfrombooks,whic
hmadethecompetitionbetweenthemworse.
plespentt heirhoneymoononthecoast—
icefoundhiswalletonade sertedbeachbutthebodywasnev
havedrowned.
No wwithonlyonebookshopintown,etimeshesatin
hisnar row,oldkitchenandgazedoutofthedirtywindow,thinking abouthisformerrival(竞
争对手).Perhapshemissedhim?
’
dreparcel
arrived,lehewashavinglu
n ch,Gston
ished—
thesmilingfacewasolderthanhe rememberedbutunmistakable!Trembling,Georgestartedr e
ading.
“
Bookends
pany,ownedbymu
ltimillionaireRichardPike,isnowthelargestbooksell erinAustralia.”

[语篇解读]本文讲述了Richard和George 竞争的故事。他们上学时就扬言要分别成为
百万富翁和最好的律师，结果Richard实现了自己的梦 想，George却没有。
1、GeorgeandRichardwere________atschool.
tes iends
itors llers
[解析]细节理解题。根据文 章第一段
“Evenatschooltherehadbeenanunhealthycompet itionbetweenGeorgeandRichard”可知两
人是竞争对手。
[答案]C
2、HowdidGeorgefeelaboutRichardafterh isdisappearance?
edRichard’smarriage.
ghtofRichardfromtimetotime.
luckywithnorivalintown.
uiltyofRichard’sdeath.
[解析]细节理解题。根据第六段中的“B utsometimeshesatinhisnarrow，
oldkitchenandgazed outofthedirtywindow，thinkingabouthisformerrival.”可 知George
有时会想起Richard，故答案为B。
[答案]B
3、Geo rgegotinformationaboutRichardfrom________.
onarycollectorinAustralia
ter’srivals
Dylans

irsteditionofadictionary
ppingpaperofabook
[解析]细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的
“Georgeglancedatthephot ointhenewspaperthatthebookhadbeenwrappedin...”可知George是在包书的报纸上得到了Richard的消息。故答案为D。
[答案]D
4、WhathappenedtoGeorgeandRichardintheend?
orgeandRichardbecamemillionaires.
themrealizedtheiroriginalambitions.
establ ishedasuccessfulbusinesswhileRichardwasmissing. dbecameamillionairewhileGeorgehadnogreatsuccess.
[解析]根据文章最后一段可知Richard最后成功了，而George依然开着书店，没有成为百万富翁，也没有成为有名的律师，A、B、C三项的表述都错误，所以答案为D。
[答案]D
(第34篇)
esomewaystomasterit.
Reciteandrepeatinconversation.
Whenyouhear aperson’
sname,
ouldalsorepeatthenameinawayt hatdoesnotsoundforcedorartificial.
Asktheotherpersontoreciteandrepeat.
ou’
vebeenintroducedtosomeone，
oplewillbeplease
dbytheeffortyou’remakingtolearntheirnames.
Admityoudon’tknow.
Admittingthatyoucan’tremembersomeone’

themwillfeelsympathyifyousay,“I’
itagain？”
Useassociations.
mple,you
couldmakeamen talnote：“VickiCheng—tall,blackhair.”Toreinforce(加< br>强)yourassociations,writethemonasmallcardassoona spossible.
Limitthenumberofnewnamesyoulearnatonetime.
Whenmeetingagroupofpeople,
hepeopleinmassintro ductionsexpectyoutoreme
mescan
comelater.
Goearly.
Considergoingearlytoconferences,m esjustafewpeoplesh
’
orepeoplearrive,youcanh earthembeingintroduced
toothers—anautomaticrevi ewforyou.
[语篇解读]文章讲述了记住别人的名字是一项重要的社交技能，并就此提供了一些方法
技巧。
5、Howwillmostpeoplefeelwhenyoutryhardtoremembe rtheirnames?
llbemoved.
llbeannoyed.
llbedelighted.
llbediscouraged.
[解析]细节 理解题。由文章提到的第二种方法中的
“Mostpeoplewillbepleasedbythe effortyou’remakingtolearntheirnames”内容就可得出
答案，p leased＝delighted。
[答案]C
6、Ifyoucan’trememb ersomeone’sname,youmay________.
mthetruth mawhitelie
forpity erstohelpyou
[解析]细节判断题。由文章提到的第三种方法的内容，即可得出答案。
[答案]A
7、Whenyoumeetagroupofpeople,itisbettertoremember_ _______.
irnames
eofnamesfirst
eirlastnames
namesaspossible
[解析]细节判断题 。由文章提到的第五种方法中的“Whenmeetingagroupofpeople，
conce ntrateonrememberingjusttwoorthreenames.”内容即可得出答案。
[答案]B
8、Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?
animportantsocialskill.
anceofattendingparties.
akeuseofassociations.
eciteandrepeatnames.
[解析]主旨大意题。由文章首段即可得出答案。
[答案]A
(第35篇)

Wehavemettheenemy,nkey
pox,adiseaseusu allyfoundintheAfricanrainforest,suddenlyturnsupinc hildrenintheAm
ericanMidwest,it’
shardnottow onderifthediseasethatcomesfromforeignanimalsishomi nginonhumanbeings.
“Mostoftheinfections(感染)weth inkofashumaninfectionsstartedinotheranimals，”
s aysStephenMorse,directoroftheCenterforPublicHealth PreparednessatColumbiaUniver
sity.
It’snotj ustthatwe’regoingtowheretheanimalsare；we’
rfore ignpetshavebroughtawholenewdiseasetothi
geillne sskilledIsaksen’
spets,andshenowthinksthatkeepi ngforeignpetsisabadidea.“Idon’tthinkit’
sfairto havethemaspetswhenwehavesuchalimitedknowledgeofthe m，”saysIsaksen.
“Lawsallowingtheseanimalstobeb roughtinfromdeepforestareaswithoutstricterco
nt rolneedchanging，”poxmaybethe_wake
up_verylittle a
g(病
毒)aydevelopintosomethingharmful(有害的).M onkey
poxdoesn’
snotimpossibletopassthedisea sefrompersontope
rson.
[语篇解读]饲养宠物可能被传染疾病。猴痘 本是非洲雨林中的一种疾病，现在突然出现
在美国西部的孩子们的身上。我们认为的大多数只有人类才会 感染的疾病其实就是来自动
物。国家要制定严格的法律，控制外来动物把疾病传播给人类。
1 、WelearnfromParagraph1thatthepetsoldattheshopmay__ ______.
omColumbia
tusfrombeinginfected
eingwithchildren
frommonkeypox
[解析]细节理 解题。根据第一段的第【一】二两句话可知，我们从宠物商店购买的动物
身上携带疾病，这种动物能将之 传播给人类。下文以猴痘为例说明作者的观点。
[答案]D
2、WhydidIsakse nadvisepeoplenottohaveforeignpets?
tackhumanbeings.
tostudynativeanimals.
n’tliveoutoftherainforest.
tknowmuchaboutthemyet.
[解析]推理判断题。从第二段中的“As trangeillnesskilledIsaksen’spets，
andshenowthin ksthatkeepingforeignpetsisabadidea.‘Idon’tthinkit’
sfairtohavethemaspetswhenwehavesuchalimitedkno wledgeofthem”可知答案为D。
[答案]D
3、Whatdoestheph rase“thewakeupcall”inParagraph3mostprobablymean?
sease warning
rousanimal ngcall
[解析]词义猜测题。根据文章的内容可知，猴痘是一种从非洲的动物身上传播到人类身
上的疾病，这 种情况给人类带来了一种警示：不要随意把野外的动物带回家中饲养，以免使
宠物主人感染疾病。“th ewakeupcall”表示“一种警示”。
[答案]B
4、Thetextsuggeststhatinthefuturewe________.
etofightagainstmorenewdiseases
ilygetinfectedbydiseasesfromdogs
notbeallowedtohavepets

stopbuyingpetsfromAfrica
[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后三句可知，人类今后可能面临更多疾病的挑战。
[答案]A