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吕氏为王词语解释

作者:高考题库网
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2020-12-12 09:36
tags:exceedingly

钢结构阻尼比-cd4066

2020年12月12日发(作者:夏浚芬)
Words and Phrases
1. painfully apparent: very clear, exceedingly obvious
painfully — 1) (literal meaning) in a painful manner
2) (when referring to something undesirable) exceedingly, acutely

2. nourish v. provide for and support

3. a matter of course: a usual event; something natural
e.g. He wrote to his parents in Henan weekly as a matter of course.
Don't take the help others offer as a matter of course; you should rely more on yourself if you
really want to change your present status.

4. abound in: have in large numbers or in great quantities
e.g. Datong in Shanxi Province abounds in coal mines.
On the whole Arab countries abound in oil deposit.

5. the graffiti-prone: those who are likely to write words or draw pictures illegally on a wall or
on other surfaces in a public place
graffiti, meaning
though it is treated as either singular or plural.
prone — likely to do sth. regrettable or unwelcome, e.g. be prone to colds; be prone to be late
for class; be prone to make wrong decisions. It can sometimes be placed after a noun with a
hyphen.
e.g. an accident-prone person, a hurricane-prone zone, a mischief-prone boy

6. be exempt from: be free of a duty, service, payment, etc.
e.g. He is exempt from military service because of his poor health.
Some imported goods are exempt from taxation.

7. flagrant adj. (of an action considered wrong or immoral) conspicuously offensive
e.g. Flagrant violation of the law should be severely punished.

8. pose vt. present or constitute (a problem, difficulty, or danger)
e.g. Air pollution poses a threat to the city dwellers.

9. hazardous adj. dangerous, esp. to people's health or safety
e.g. The steep staircase is hazardous to both the aged and children.
Gas heaters are hazardous in winter time.

10. jam v. fill with people, cars, etc., so that movement is difficult
e.g. Lots of people jammed the main street in the city.

11. wane vi. (of a condition, attitude, emotion, etc.) weaken; become weaker or less, often
disappearing completely in the end
e.g. Her enthusiasm for singing waned when she suffered from tonsillitis.
The moon waxes (grows larger) and wanes every month.

12. pervasive adj. tending to spread through every part of sth., widespread
e.g. The television exerts a pervasive influence in modern society.

13. skirt v. avoid (a difficult subject that ought to be dealt with)
e.g. Come to the main issue, and don't skirt around it.

14. exhilarating adj. exciting and cheerful
e.g. To my cousin, chess-playing is a most exhilarating experience.

15. undermine v. destroy or weaken gradually
e.g. Unfair criticism undermines one's self-confidence.

16. unwittingly adv. unintentionally; unknowingly
e.g. Being too outspoken to be discreet, he blurted out the secret unwittingly.

17. subvert v. to undermine the power or authority (of an established system or institution)
e.g. to subvert a government, a political party, peace talks, etc.
In this context, subvert means

18. disquieting adj. disturbing; upsetting
e.g. The speaker's disquieting words made the audience shudder.

Notes
1. are taking increasing liberties with the legal codes: are treating legal codes more and more
lightly as if they were unimportant
take liberties with — treat sth. freely, without strict observance of the fact
e.g. You may simplify the allegory, but don't take liberties with the lesson it teaches.

2. the wave of the future: the pattern of behaviour in the future

3. have blithely taken to committing supposedly minor derelictions as a matter of course:
have happily formed the habit of doing some misdeeds which are supposed to be unimportant,
and considered that as something natural
take to — begin as a practice or habit
e.g. He has taken to early rising since the beginning of the term.

4. litter-bugs: those who carelessly leave waste materials in public places. In British English it
is litter lout.
bug — (slang) a person who has great enthusiasm for something

5. Widespread flurries of ordinances: Large numbers of rules and regulations to be observed

6. beer-soaked hooliganism: unruly acts of drunken troublemakers

7. a festering scandal: a shameful or disgraceful action that has become worse and more intense
fester — 1) (of a wound or sore) become infected and form pus
e.g. His wound festered and caused him great pain.
2) (of a negative feeling or a problem) become worse and more intense
e.g. Her resentment against the unkind words about her festered with the passage of time.
scandal — (an action or event that causes) a public feeling of shock and strong moral
disapproval.
e.g. The scandal about cheating in the university entrance examination caused quite a stir in
society.
It's a scandal that there was cheating in the university entrance examination.

8. (hello, Everybody): This parenthetical expression is used to show that jaywalking is very
common among people.

9. add up to a colossal public nuisance: amount to or be equal to an act that is tremendously
illegal because it interferes with the rights of the public in general
add up to — amount to, be equal to
e.g. What the boss said repeatedly to the staff added up to a warning.

10. double parking: parking alongside another automobile that is already parked parallel to the
kerb

11. the federal 55 m.p.h. speed limit: the 55 miles (approximately 88.5 kilometres) per hour
speed limit set by the federal government of the U.S.A. as compared with various speed limits
set by state governments

12. 50-50 toss-up: A toss-up is literally
alternatives.A 50-50 toss-up is a situation in which the two alternatives or options are
equally possible.

13. pay a repetitious price in frustration, inconvenience and outrage: endure repeatedly such
unpleasant situations as frustration, inconvenience and outrage
pay a price — endure some unpleasant situation in order to get sth. desirable
e.g. In order to prevent the fatal disease from spreading, cutting down the number of
organized tours to various places is the price travel services have to pay for the welfare of the
people.

14. a justified sense of mortal peril: a reasonable fear of deadly danger

15. If hypocrisy is the tribute that vice pays to virtue, then furtiveness is the true outlaw's
salute to the force of law-and-order.: The first half of the sentence is a proverb meaning that
wrongdoers, in their dealings with the virtuous, act as though they are persons of good repute.
The second half of the sentence is a development of the author's, meaning that a true
lawbreaker in confronting the police force acts furtively or stealthily.

16. are of a piece: are like each other in character

17. slug him eight stitches' worth: hit him so hard that his wound has to have eight stitches

18. trunk of stalled car: the space for carrying luggage or other goods at the back of the car
which has stopped running

19. The Houston Freeway Syndrome: the incivility characteristic of the drivers who drive on the
Houston Freeway
syndrome — 1) (literal meaning) a set of medical symptoms which represent a physical or
mental disorder
2) (in this context) the pattern of symptoms which characterize or indicate a particular social
condition

20. Donald Barr Chidsey (1902–1981): U.S. journalist and a prolific writer

21. On and Off the Wagon: The subtitle of the book is: A Sober Analysis of the Temperance
Movement from the Pilgrims through Prohibition (1969).

22. a terminally foolish society: an extremely foolish society that refuses to take any action to
check the spread of scofflawry
terminally — fatally
e.g. According to the doctor's diagnosis, he was terminally ill and had to be sent to a hospice.







Words and Phrases
1. occur to: come into (sb.'s mind)
e.g. It suddenly occurred to him that he had to attend an important meeting that afternoon.
It never occurred to me that the Shanghai Botanical Garden could be so spacious.

19. paradoxical adj. incongruous, contradictory
e.g. It is paradoxical that an intelligent child like him should write such a poor hand.
paradox (n.) — a situation which involves two opposite facts
e.g. It is a paradox that racial discrimination and protection of human rights should coexist in
some countries.

20. seductive adj. attractive, captivating, e.g. a seductive voice, a seductive look
Be sure to use seductive very carefully. When seductive is used to describe a woman, the word
has a derogatory connotation.

21. virtus: Latin word meaning

22. prestige n. general respect or admiration felt for sb. or sth. because they have high quality,
success, etc.
e.g. Several universities in China enjoy international prestige.

23. accumulate v. make or become greater in number or quantity
e.g. By reading a few pages of literary works in English every day, he soon accumulated a
large and useful English vocabulary.
Our knowledge accumulates if we read widely.

24. identify with: consider two things as being the same; equate with; associate with
e.g. Some people identify book learning with work efficiency.

25. evaluate v. judge the value of
e.g. The teachers' work is regularly evaluated in that school.

26. confirm v. give support to a fact by providing more proof
e.g. He was told that his acceptance of the job must be confirmed by a formal letter.

27. immense adj. extremely large or great, especially in size or degree
e.g. What he said about our moral duties was of immense importance.
The local Science and Technology Museum is just immense. You can hardly see all the exhibits
there in one day.

28. lamentable adj. 1) (of an event, action, or attitude) unfortunate, regrettable
e.g. His prejudice against the underachievers is lamentable.
2) (of circumstances or conditions) very bad or unsatisfactory
e.g. The service provided by the hotel was simply lamentable.

29. disparage v. (rather formal) regard as being of little worth; speak about without respect
e.g. Do not disparage others' efforts in carrying out the work.

Notes
23. what we now have to call — lamely, enviously — whole persons: The term whole persons,
which we use today, is used in an awkward way and with envy on our part.
lamely — feebly, weakly
e.g. For lack of evidence, he defended himself lamely.
Lame (adj.) is often used to refer to sth. weak, e.g. a lame excuse, a lame argument.
whole persons — persons perfect in every way, i.e. in character, in intellect, and in looks

2. The well- born young Athenians: The young people from well- to-do families in Athens, the
capital of Greece

3. we are more wary of the enchantments of beauty: we are more cautious about the charm
or magic power of beauty
be wary of — be cautious about possible danger or problem
e.g. Having been taken in several times by street pedlars, he is now very wary of them.

1. We not only split off — with the greatest facility — the :
We not only separate the
facility — quality which makes learning or doing things easy or simple; absence of difficulty
or effort
e.g. Though only eight years old, Mary played the piano with great facility.
Facility in the plural refers to the equipment, services, etc. that are provided for a particular
activity, e.g. cooking facilities, parking facilities, etc.

2. the influence of Christianity that deprived beauty of the central place it had in classical
ideals: the central place beauty had in classical ideals was taken away from it by the influence
of Christianity; in other words, beauty no longer occupied the central place in classical ideals
because of the influence of Christianity
deprive ... of: take ... away from
e.g. Women in some places in the world today are still deprived of the right to vote.
A serious case of trachoma deprived him of his eyesight.
classical ideals — the ideals of ancient Greece and Rome

3. Christianity set beauty adrift — as an alienated, arbitrary, superficial enchantment:
Christianity let beauty loose, that is, Christianity no longer considered beauty as a kind of
excellence; beauty had now become a separate, fanciful, and shallow charm.
be alienated from — become estranged or separate
arbitrary — not done according to reason or for a particular purpose

4. the sex which, however Fair, is always Second: women are considered to be the fair sex, fair
meaning
Note the use of capitalization for Fair and Second for emphasis.

5. Associating beauty with women has put beauty even further on the defensive, morally.:
Connecting beauty with women has put beauty in a position subject to more disapproval
concerning moral principles. In other words, beauty is no longer a virtue, but rather a
characteristic of women which is subject to criticism.
on the defensive — expecting or prepared for criticism or attack; acting in a way that is
intended to protect oneself
e.g. As he had no strong reason for his argument, he remained on the defensive.

6. demeaning overtones: degrading connotations
Overtone in the plural means
e.g. He presented his case with overtones of uncertainty in his voice.

7. still retain some vestiges of the pagan admiration for beauty: still keep some traces of the
non-Christian esteemrespect for beauty

8. to the detriment of the notion of beauty as well as of women: doing harm to the concept of
beauty and of women
to the detriment of — causing harm or danger to

9. It does not take someone in the throes of advanced feminist awareness to perceive:
Anyone, let alone those who are struggling to promote a keen awareness of women's rights,
can see
in the throes of — in the process of doing sth. that is very difficult, unpleasant or painful
e.g. We are in the throes of drawing a blueprint for the reorganization of the Students' Union.
Throes is a plural noun meaning

10. the obligation to be — or to try: the duty to be beautiful or try to be beautiful
An obligation is an act to which one is morally or legally bound.
e.g. Everyone who has an earning over a certain amount has the obligation to pay tax to the
government.

11. a flattering idealization of their sex: a complimentary representation of the female which is
perfect or better than what is real

12. the ideal of beauty is administered as a form of self-oppression: the perfect example of
beauty is put into practice as something that discourages or oppresses one

13. each ... is submitted to an anxious, fretful, often despairing scrutiny: each is put forward
to be examined in detail in a worrying, irritable, often hopeless way

14. Even if some pass muster, some will always be found wanting.: Even if some parts of the
body are accepted as satisfactory, some others will always be considered not good enough.

15. a declared Robert Redford fan: an enthusiastica faithful supporter of Robert Redford
declared — openly admitted as
e.g. His grandfather is a declared follower of Confucius's teachings.

16. the depreciation of women: the devaluation of women; the decrease in value of women; the
lowering of women's status
Depreciation is often used to refer to the decrease in the value of a currency or of an asset.

17. This power is always conceived in relation to men: This power, i.e. the power to attract men
rather than the power to do things, is always considered in connection with men

18. or renounced without social censure: or given up without strong disapproval from society
renounce — formally declare one's abandonment of. One may renounce one's claim to a
property or copyright, or renounce one's religious faith.

19. To preen: To devote one's effort to make oneself look attractive

20. she brings under suspicion her very capacity to be objective, professional, authoritative,
thoughtful. Damned if they do — women are. And damned if they don't.: If she shows her
ability to be objective, professional, authoritative, and thoughtful, people will be suspicious of
it. If women do so, they are damned (or frustrated). And if they don't do so, they are also
damned.

21. that interminable half-comic half-tragic tale, the oppression of women: the oppression of
women is compared to an endless story that is both ridiculous and dreadful
interminable — (used in a derogatory sense) endless
e.g. People began to doze off when the speaker went on with his interminable talk.

22. how much beauty itself has been abridged in order to prop up the mythology of the
: how beauty has been reduced in essence so as to support the make-up story of
the women

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