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新诗会2017年大学英语六级真题试卷及答案

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2020-12-16 07:03
tags:大学英语六级真题

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2020年12月16日发(作者:景翩翩)
六级 真题
2017年大学英语六级真题试卷及答案(二)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分,之后将进行听力考试)
Directions:Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to major in science or humanities at
college

write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more
than 200 words.
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will
hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a
question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

1.
A) Doing enjoyable work.
B) Earning a competitive salary.

2. A) 20%.
B) 25%.

3. A) Those full of skilled workers.
B) Those that are well managed.
C) Those run by women.
D) Those of a small size.
C) Having friendly colleagues.
D) Working for supportive bosses.
C)31%.
D) 73%.

六级 真题

4. A) They can win recognition of their work.
B) They can better balance work and life.
C) They can hop from job to job easily.
D) They can take on more than one job.


Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5. A) It is a collection of photos. B) It is an introduction to music.
C) It is about the city of Bruges. D) It is a book of European history.

6.A) When writing about Belgium’s coastal regions.
B) When taking pictures for a concert catalogue.
C) When vacationing in an Italian coastal city.
D) When painting the concert hall of Bruges.

7.A) The rich heritage of Europe will be lost completely.
B)The seawater of Europe will be seriously polluted.
C) The entire European coastline will be submerged.
D)The major European scenic spots will disappear.

8.A) Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning.
B)It attracts large numbers of tourists from home and abroad.
C) People cannot get around without using boats.
D)Its waterways are being increasingly polluted.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each
passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions
will be spoken only once. After you hear a question

you must choose the best answer
from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter
on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.


六级 真题

Questions9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.

9.A) They try hard to avoid getting off on the wrong foot.
B)They spend too much time anticipating their defeat.
C) They take too many irrelevant factors into account.
D) They make careful preparations beforehand.

10.A) Mental images often interfere with athletes’ performance.
B)Golfers usually have positive mental images of themselves.
C) Thinking has the same effect on the nervous system as doing.
D) A person’s nervous system is more complicated than imagined.

11.A) Anticipate possible problems.
B) Make a list of do’s and don’ts.
C) Try to appear more professional.
D) Picture themselves succeeding.

12.A) She won her first jury trial. B) She wore a designer dress.
C) She presented moving pictures.

Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
13.A) It enables patients with diabetes to recover sooner.
B)Its health benefits have been overestimated.
C) Its long- term effects are yet to be proved.
D) It helps people to avoid developing breast cancer.

14.A) It tracked their eating habits since their adolescence.
B)It focused on their difference from men in fiber intake.
C) It tracked their change in food preferences for 20 years.

D) She did not speak loud enough.
六级 真题
D) It focused on their ways of life during young adulthood.

15.A) Fiber may bring more benefits to women than men.
B)Fiber may improve the function of heart muscles.
C) Fiber may make blood circulation more smooth.
D) Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.

Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks
followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After
you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked
A), B)

C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a
single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
16.A) Investigating the impact of media on government.
B)Studying the hazards of young people drinking.
C) Conducting research on consumer behaviour.
D) Observing the changes in marketing.

17.A) It is a chief concern of parents. B) It is an act of socialising.
C) It is the cause of many street riots.

18.A) They researched the impact of mobile phones on young people.
B)They spent a week studying their own purchasing behaviour.
C) They conducted a thorough research on advertising.
D) They analysed their family budgets over the years.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.


D) It is getting worse year by year.
六级 真题
19. A) It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.
B) It is the first country to use credit cards in the world.
C) It is trying hard to do away with dirty money.
D) It is helping its banks to improve efficiency.

20. A) Whether it is possible to travel without carrying any physical currency.
B)Whether it is possible to predict how much money one is going to spend.
C) Whether the absence of physical currency is going to affect everyday life.
D) Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend more.

21.A) The cash in her handbag was missing.
good.
C) The restaurant car accepted cash only. D) There was no food service on the
train.

22.A) By drawing money week by week. B) By putting money into envelopes.
C) By limiting their day-to-day spending.
credit.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recordingyou have just heard.

23. A) Population explosion. B) Extinction of rare species.
C) Chronic hunger.

24. A) About half of them are unintended. B)
overpopulation.
C) They have been brought under control. D) The majority of them tend to
end halfway.

25. A) It is beginning to attract postgraduates’ attention.
B) It is neglected in many of the developing countries.

B) The service on the train was not
D) By refusing to buy anything on
D) Environmental deterioration.
They contribute to
六级 真题
C) It is becoming a subject of interdisciplinary research.
D) It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on earth.
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of
each conversation, you mil hear four questions. Both the conversation and the
questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the
best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1. A) Doing enjoyable work. B) Having friendly colleagues.
C)Earning a competitive salary. D) Working for supportive bosses.
【答案】B
【解析】对话中关于第一个调查,男士 说有十大因素影响着人们在工作中的
幸福感。并提及对接受调查的大多数人来说,最重要的因素就是拥有 友好、 给
予支持的同事。事实上,接受调查的人中有73%的人把与同事的关系作为促成
工作 幸福感的关键因素,这是一个很高的比例。由此可知,友好的同事是让员
工感到幸福的第一因素。故选B 。
2. A) 31%. B) 20%.
C)25%. D) 73%.
【答案】B
【解析】对话中女士问男士调查中还有没有发现其他的信息。男士在回答中
提及“However, 20% of employees described themselves as being unhappy”,故选
B。
3. A) Those of a small size. B) Those run by women.
C)Those that are well managed. D) Those full of skilled workers.
【答案】A
【解析】对话中男士说从调查中还得出了一些更有趣的结论: 首先小公司很
好,人们更明确地倾向于在不超过100人的较小的机构或公司中工作。由此可
知 ,小规模的公司在员工中更受欢迎。故选A。
4. A) They can hop from job to job easily.
B) They can win recognition of their work.
C)They can better balance work and life.

六级 真题
D) They can take on more than one job.
【答案】C
【解析】对话中男士说一天只工作4、 5个小时的兼职合同工比那些全职的
人更快乐。随后提及,从调查中得出的结论是,这一现象可能是由于 兼职合同
工能更好地平衡工作和生活。故选C。
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5. A) It is a book of European history. B) It is an introduction to music.
C)It is about the city of Bruges. D) It is a collection of photos.
【答案】D
【解析】对话开篇女士问男士一开始是怎么对这一主题感兴趣的。男士在回
答时提到,对逼近的危险的恐惧成为了这一大型拍摄项目的主题。由此可推断
出,《洪水将至》是一本 摄影集。故选D。
6. A) When painting the concert hall of Bruges.
B) When vacationing in an Italian coastal city.
C) When taking pictures for a concert catalogue.
D) When writing about Belgium’s coastal regions.
【答案】C
【解析】男士在回答 女士的问题(一开始是怎么对这一主题感兴趣的)时提
及,“2006年,布鲁日城的音乐厅让我为一个 新的音乐节的目录拍一些关于水
的主题的照片”。由此可知,男士是在为音乐节目录拍照时想出了这一作 品的
主题。故选C。
7. A) The entire European coastline will be submerged.
B)The rich heritage of Europe will be lost completely.
C)The seawater of Europe will be seriously polluted.
D)The major European scenic spots will disappear.
【答案】A
【解析】男士在对话中提及,传媒报导中有大 量警惕性文章是关于即将发生
的气候突变。并且对话中女士问男士,关于书中的原话“我不想拍摄灾难, 我
想拍摄即将发生的灾难”能否说些什么。男士在回答,整个欧洲的海岸线被淹
没只是时间问题 ,这一点现在非常清楚。由此可知,气候突变发生时,整个欧
洲的海岸线将被淹没。故选A。
8. A) Its waterways are being increasingly polluted.
B)People cannot get around without using boats.

六级 真题
C)It attracts large numbers of tourists from home and abroad.
D)Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning.
【答案】D
【解析】对话中男士在回答女 士的问题(关于历史在这个项目中的作用)时
提及,威尼斯是一座一直受到海水威胁的城市,在那里每天 早上会建起接木桥
让游客通往旅馆。故选D。
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each
passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will
be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer
from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter
on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9. A) They make careful preparation beforehand.
B) They take too many irrelevant factors into account.
C) They spend too much time anticipating their defeat.
D) They try hard to avoid getting off on the wrong foot.
【答案】C
9.【解析】题目是问一些人在面临新 情况时是如何表现的。听力材料开头提
到,一些人面对新情况时,常常花费太多的时间预期最坏的结果来 预演他们的
失败。其中C选项中的their defeat即听力材料中的the worst。故选C。
10. A) A person’s nervous system is more complicated than imagined.
B)Golfers usually have positive mental images of themselves.
C)Mental images often interfere with athletes’ performance.
D)Thinking has the same effect on the nervous system as doing.
【答案】D
【解析】听力材 料中提到,在斯坦福大学做的研究表明,心理影像对神经系
统的刺激方式和行动对神经系统的刺激方式是 一样的。并且在后文给出了一个
高尔夫球手的例子来说明这一点。故选D。
11. A) Anticipate possible problems.
B) Make a list of do’s and don’ts.
C) Picture themselves succeeding.
D) Try to appear more professional.

六级 真题
【答案】C
【解析】听力 材料中提到了一位女律师,她在开始她的第一个陪审团审案之
前非常紧张。说话人给她的建议是:让她创 造一个画面想象自己自信是什么样
子的。对她而言这意味着,在法庭上自信地走动,用有说服力的肢体语 言和突
出自己的声音以便让临近后门的法官席上的人能够听见。她同样也想象了一个
巧妙的结辩 陈词和一个胜利的审判。由此可以推断出,说话人给处于压力情况
下的人的建议是想象自己成功的样子。 故选C。
12. A) She wore a designer dress. B) She won her first jury trial.
C)She did not speak loud enough. D) She presented moving pictures.
【答案】B
【解析】题目问及女律师在法庭上的表现。听力材料结尾提到,年轻的女律
师在自信的预演几周之后,确实赢了第一个陪审团审案。故选B。
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
13. A) Its long-term effects are yet to be proved.
B)Its health benefits have been overestimated.
C)It helps people to avoid developing breast cancer.
D)It enables patients with diabetes to recover sooner.
【答案】C
【解析】听力材料中提到,研究现在表明,把纤维添加到青少年的饮食中能
帮助降低患乳腺癌的风险。并且在后文中也提到,饮食专家克里斯蒂?金发现很
难使青少年病人关注健 康的饮食,他告诉青少年病人多吃高纤维食物可以降低
在中年之前患乳腺癌的风险。由此可知,把纤维放 到青少年饮食中能够帮助人
们避免患乳腺癌。故选C。
14. A) It focused on their ways of life during young adulthood.
B)It tracked their change in food preferences for 20 years.
C)It focused on their difference from men in fiber intake.
D)It tracked their eating habits since their adolescence.
【答案】D < br>【解析】听力材料中提到,有一项基于对44000名女性研究的新发现。该研
究调查了她们高中 时期的饮食,还追踪了她们20年来的饮食习惯。由此可知,
这项对44000名女性的研究追踪了她们 自青春期以来的饮食习惯。故选D。
15. A) Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.
B)Fiber may bring more benefits to women than men.

六级 真题
C)Fiber may improve the function of heart muscles.
D)Fiber may make blood circulation more smooth.
【答案】A
【解析】文章中提到,对44000名女性的研究表 明了长期以来的证据,即纤
维能够降低雌性激素的循环水平,这一点能够解释纤维为什么能够降低患乳腺
癌的风险。其本质内容就是你吃的纤维越多,你身体中的激素水平可能越低,
因此,患乳腺癌的 风险也就越低。故选A。
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks
followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After
you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked
A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a
single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
16. A) Observing the changes in marketing.
B) Conducting research on consumer behavior.
C)Studying the hazards of young people drinking.
D) Investigating the impact of media on government.
【答案】B
【解析】听力材料开头就提 到,说话者目前的研究实际上是关于消费者行为。
其中,文章中提到的市场变化、年轻人喝酒都是在用案 例论证要从消费者的角
度看问题。媒体对政府的影响并未提及。故选B。
17. A) It is the cause of many street riots.
B) It is getting worse year by year.
C)It is a chief concern of parents.
D) It is an act of socialising.
【答案】D
【解析】听力材料中提到,在年轻人喝酒的案例中, 能够确定的其中一件事
情是对于18-24岁的年轻人来说,喝酒与参与社会活动有关。文章中还提到年 轻
人喝酒目前备受政府而不是父母的关切。故选D。
18. A) They spent a week studying their own purchasing behavior.
B)They researched the impact of mobile phones on young people.
C)They analysed their family budgets over the years.

六级 真题
D)They conducted a thorough research on advertising.
【答案】A
【解析】听力材料中提到,说话者的学生去年花了一周的时间研究他们自己
的购买行为,并且对从商店到他们与零售银行和手机提供商之间的关系做了详
细的分析。故选A。
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.
19. A) It is helping its banks to improve efficiency.
B)It is trying hard to do away with dirty money.
C)It is the first country to use credit cards in the world.
D)It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.
【答案】D
【解析】题目是问从听力中我们对瑞典有何了解。听 力材料开头提到,瑞典
是第一个印刷和使用纸币的欧洲国家,但是它可能很快将不再使用纸币。D选项符合题意。故选D。
20. A) Whether it is possible to travel without carrying any physical currency.
B)Whether it is possible to predict how much money one is going to spend.
C)Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend more.
D)Whether the absence of physical currency is going to affect everyday life.
【答案】C
【解析】听力材料中提到,克莱尔?贝瑞塔想查明没有纸币是否确实会导致
一个人花更多的钱,因此她几个月前决定做一项实验。故选C。
21. A) There was no food service on the train.
B) The service on the train was not good.
C)The restaurant car accepted cash only.
D) The cash in her handbag was missing.
【答案】C
【解析】听力材料中提到,克莱尔 ?贝瑞塔在实验期间坐了一次火车。在途
中,有一项通告告诉人们餐车目前不接受信用卡支付。因为很多 乘客旅行中没
有带现金, 所以火车上有很多抱怨。由此可知,火车上的餐车只接受现金支付。
故选C。
22. A) By putting money into envelopes.
B)By drawing money week by week.

六级 真题
C)By limiting their day-to-day spending.
D)By refusing to buy anything on credit.
【答案】A
【解析】听力材料中提到,贝瑞塔说她的父母年轻的时候常把钱放进信封里
来做预算。当他们拿到工资后 ,他们便立马把现金分为几份放进信封,这样他
们就能知道每周有多少钱。故选A。
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
23. A) Population explosion.
B)Chronic hunger.
C)Extinction of rare species.
D)Environmental deterioration.
【答案】B
【解析】听力材料中提到,说话者想要告诉我们 人类人口的过去、现在和将
来,并且用几个问题作为开场。第一个问题就是:现在有十亿人长期处于饥饿
状态,这意味着他们醒来后感觉俄,一整天都感觉饿,睡觉的时候也感觉饿。
故选B。
24. A) They contribute to overpopulation.
B)About half of them are unintended.
C)They have been brought under control.
D)The majority of them tend to end halfway.
【答案】B
【解析】听力材料中提到,有2000—2500万不识字的女人在生育上没有得
到她们想要的控制。这一问题不只在发展中国家有,全球有近五成的怀孕是出
于意外。故选B。
25. A) It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on earth.
B)It is becoming a subject of interdisciplinary research.
C)It is neglected in many of the developing countries.
D)It is beginning to attract postgraduates’ attention.
【答案】A
【解析】听力材料中提到,人口统计学不仅关乎人类的种 群,也关乎于非人
类种群,还包括无生命的对象。它是一种干预真实世界更明智、更有效的方法。
它不仅能够提高你自己的福祉,同样重要的是,它还能够提高你自己和周围的

六级 真题
人以及与我们共享地球的其 他物种的福祉。由此可知,人口统计学对地球上所
有物种来说都是必要的。故选A。


Part Ⅲ
minutes)

Section A
Reading Comprehension (40
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required
to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following
the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices, Each
choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for
each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use
any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Let’s all stop judging people who talk to themselves. New research says that
those who can’t seem to
keep their inner monologues (独白)in are actually more likely to stay on task, remain
(26)_______betterand show improved perception capabilities. Not bad, really, for
some extra muttering.
According to a series of experiments published in the Quarterly Journal of
Experimental Psychology
by professors Gary Lupyan and Daniel Swignley, the act of using verbal clues to
(27)_______mentalpictures helps people function quicker.
In one experiment, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty (28)
_______;andasked them
to find just one of those, a banana. Half were (29)_______to repeat out loud what they

六级 真题
were looking forand the other half kept their lips (30)_______Those who talked to
themselves found the banana slightlyfaster than those who didn’t, the researchers say.
In other experiments, Lupyan and Swignley found that(31)_______the name of a
common product when on the hunt for it helped quicken someone’s pace,buttalking
about uncommon items showed no advantage and slowed you down.
Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps
children learn, although
doing so when you’ve (32)_______matured is not a great sign of (33)_______. The
two professors hope
to refute that idea, (34)_______that just as when kids walk themselves through a
process, adults canbenefit from using language not just to communicate, but also to
help “augment thinking”.
Of course, you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and,
whatever you do, keep theinformation you share simple, like a grocery list. At any
(35)_______,there’s still such a thing as too
much information.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A) apparently B) arrogance
F) focused
K) spectators

26.【解析】L。空格前是形容词no,空格后是 名词gains,所以此空应该填入
一个形容词。根据句意,选项中只有significant符合句 意。have made no significant
gains意为“未能取得显著提升”。故选L。
27.【解析】F。空格前是不定式to,空格后是名词词组the high cost,所以此空应该填入一个动词原形。根据句意,动词原形中只有justify符合句意。故选F。
28.【解析】E。空格前是has fallen,空格后是时间状语in the last 5-6 years,
本句是现在完成时且不缺句子成分,所以此空应该填入一个副词。根据句意,选

C) brilliance
H) instructed
M) uttering
D) claiming
I) obscurely
N) volume
E) dedicated
J) sealed
0) volunteers
G) incur
L) trigger
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项中只有drastically符合句意。故选E。
29.【解析】D。空格前是动词re main,空格后是that引导的表语从句,所以
此空应该填入一个形容词。根据句意,选项中只有d oubtful符合句意。故选D。
30.【解析】H。双引号前是不定冠词a,所以此空应填入一个 名词。根据句
意,选项中只有outcome符合句意。故选H。
31.【解析】O。空格前 是动词use,空格后是名词metrics,所以此空应该填
入一个形容词或名词。根据句意,选项中 只有standardized符合句意。故选O。
32.【解析】B。空格前是副词mostly,空格后是名词词组earlier studies,由
空格所在小分句开头的and以及本句主语the actual results 可知,此空应该填入
一个动词原形。根据句意,选项中只有confirm符合句意。故选B。
33.【解析】K。空格前是形容词global,空格后是介词调组for excellence in
teaching,所以此空应该填入一个名词。根据句意,选项中只有reputation符 合句
意。故选K。
34.【解析】C。空格前是系动词are,空格后是名词词组advanced thinking skills,
所以此空应该填入一个动词,构成现在进行时。根据句意,“基于知识的学位仍
然很重要,但雇主要求大学毕业生具备较强的思维能力。” 选项中只有demanding
(要求;查问)符合句意。demand from为固定搭配,意为“向 要求”。故选C。
35.【解析】A。空格前是系动词be,空格后是动词的被动语态measured,
所以此空应该 填入一个副词,以修饰measured。根据句意,选项中只有accurately
符合句意。故选 A。

Section B
Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements
attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.
Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a
paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the
questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Rich Children and Poor Ones Are Raised Very Differently

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[A]The lives of children from rich and poor American families look more
different than ever before.
[B]Well-off families are ruled by calendars, with children enrolled in ballet,
soccer and after-school programs, according to a new Pew Research Center survey.
There are usually two parents, who spend a lot of time reading to children and
worrying about their anxiety levels and hectic schedules.
[C]In poor families, meanwhile, children tend to spend their time at home or
with extended family. They are more likely to grow up in neighborhoods that their
parents say aren’t great for raising children, and their parents worry about them
getting shot, beaten up or in trouble with the law.
[D]The class differences in child rearing are growing — a symptom of
widening inequality with far- reaching consequences. Different upbringings set
children on different paths and can deepen socioeconomic divisions, especially
because education is strongly linked to earnings. Children grow up learning the skills
to succeed in their socioeconomic stratum (阶层),but not necessarily others.
[E]“Early childhood experiences can be very consequential for children’s
long-term social, emotional and cognitive development,’’said Sean Reardon, professor
of poverty and inequality in education at Stanford University. “And because those
influence educational success and later earnings, early childhood experiences cast a
lifelong shadow.” The cycle continues: Poor parents have less time and fewer
resources to invest in their children, which can leave children less prepared for school
and work, which leads to lower earnings.
[F]American parents want similar things for their children, the Pew report and
past research have found: for them to be healthy and happy, honest and ethical, caring
and compassionate. There is no best parenting style or philosophy, researchers say,
and across income groups, 92% of parents say they are doing a good job at raising
their children. Yet they are doing it quite differently. Middle- class and higher-income
parents see their children as projects in need of careful cultivation, says Annette
Lareau, whose groundbreaking research on the topic was published in her book

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Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race and Family Life. They try to develop their skills
through close supervision and organized activities, and teach children to question
authority figures and navigate elite institutions.
[G]Working-class parents, meanwhile, believe their children will naturally thrive,
and give them far greater independence and time for free play. They are taught to be
compliant and respectful to adults. There are benefits to both approaches.
Working-class children are happier, more independent, complain less and are closer to
family members, Ms. Lareau found. Higher- income children are more likely to
declare boredom and expect their parents to solve their problems. Yet later on, the
more affluent children end up in college and on the way to the middle class, while
working-class children tend to struggle. Children from higher-income families are
likely to have the skills to navigate bureaucracies and succeed in schools and
workplaces, Ms. Lareau said.
[H]“Do all parents want the most success for their children? Absolutely,” she
said. “Do some strategies give children more advantages than others in institutions?
Probably they do. Will parents be damaging children if they have one fewer organized
activity? No, I really doubt it.”
[I]Social scientists say the differences arise in part because low-income parents
have less money to spend on music class or preschool, and less flexible schedules to
take children to museums or attend school events. Extracurricular activities reflect the
differences in child rearing in the Pew survey, which was of a nationally
representative sample of 1,807 parents. Of families earning more that $$75,000 a year,
84% say their children have participated in organized sports over the past year, 64%
have done volunteer work and 62% have taken lessons in music, dance or art. Of
families earning less than $$30,000, 59% of children have done sports, 37% have
volunteered and 41% have taken arts classes.
[J]Especially in affluent families, children start young. Nearly half of
high-earning, college-graduate parents enrolled their children in arts classes before
they were 5, compared with of low- income, less-educated parents.

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Nonetheless, 20% of well-off parents say their children’s schedules are too hectic,
compared with 8% of poorer parents.
[K]Another example is reading aloud, which studies have shown gives children
bigger vocabularies and better reading comprehension in school. 71% of parents with
a college degree say they do it every day, compared with 33% of those with a high
school diploma or less. White parents are more likely than other to read to their
children daily, as are married parents. Most affluent parents enroll their children in
preschool or day care, while low-income parents are more likely to depend on family
members. Discipline techniques vary by education level: 8% of those with a
postgraduate degree say they often beat their children, compared with 22% of those
with a high school degree or less.
[L]The survey also probed attitudes and anxieties. Interestingly, parents’
attitudes toward education do not seem to reflect their own educational background as
much as a belief in the importance of education for upward mobility. Most American
parents say they are not concerned about their children’s grades as long as they work
hard. But 50% of poor parents say it is extremely important to them that their children
earn a college degree, compared with 39% of wealthier parents. f
[M]Less-educated parents, and poorer and black and Latino parents are more
likely to believe that there is no such thing as too much involvement in a child’s
education. Parents who are white, wealthy or college-educated say too much
involvement can be bad. Parental anxieties reflect their circumstances. High-earning
parents are much more likely to say they live in a good neighborhood for raising
children. While bullying is parents’ greatest concern over all, nearly half of
low-income parents worry their child will get shot, compared with one-fifth of
high-income parents. They are more worried about their children being depressed or
anxious.
[N]In the Pew survey, middle- class families earning between $$30,000 and
$$75,000 a year fell right between working- class and high-earning parents on issues
like the quality of their neighborhood for raising children, participation in

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extracurricular activities and involvement in their children’s education.
[O]Children were not always raised so differently. The achievement gap between
children from high- and low-income families is 30-40% larger among children born in
2001 than those born 25 years earlier, according to Mr. Reardon’s research. People
used to live near people of different income levels; neighborhoods are now more
segregated by income. More than a quarter of children live in singleparent households
— a historic high, according to Pew — and these children are three times as likely
to live in poverty as those who live with married parents. Meanwhile, growing income
inequality has coincided with the increasing importance of a college degree for
earning a middle-class wage.
[P]Yet there are recent signs that the gap could be starting to shrink. In the past
decade, even as income inequality has grown, some of the socioeconomic differences
in parenting, like reading to children and going to libraries, have narrowed.
[Q] Public policies aimed at young children have helped, including public
preschool programs and reading initiatives. Addressing differences in the earliest
years, it seems, could reduce inequality in the next, generation.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
g-class parents teach their children to be obedient and show respect to
adults.
an parents, whether rich or poor, have similar expectations of their children
despite different ways of parenting.
rich parents are more concerned with their children’s psychological
well-being, poor parents are more worried about their children’s safety.
increasing differences in child rearing between rich and poor families reflect
growing social inequality.
ing approaches of working-class and affluent families both have advantages.
-income families and working-class families now tend to live in different
neighborhoods.
al punishment is used much less by well-educated parents.

六级 真题
. Lareau doesn’t believe participating in fewer after-class activities will
negatively affect children’s development.
y parents are concerned about their children’s mental health and busy
schedules.
socioeconomic differences in child rearing have shrunk in the past ten years.
36.【解析】[D]。根据题干中的关键词A number of factors 和 driving down the
global oil prices 可定位至[D]段第三、四句。
37.【解析】[L]。根据题干中的关键词Pricing carbon 和 the most economical way
可定位至[L]段第 二句。
38.【解析】[J]。根据题干中的关键词African children可定位至[J]段第二句。
39.【解析】[E]。根据题干中的关键词 over-supply and decreasing demand 可定位
至[E]段最后一句。
40.【解析】[H]。根据题干中的关键词higher fossil fuel prices 以及 innovation and
application of cleaner technology可定位至[H]段第二句。
41.【解析】[A]。根据题干中的关键词remain low for a long time 和 higher
emissions of greenhouse gases可定位至[A]段第一、三句。
42.【解析】[G]。根据题干中的关键词primary energy consumption可定位至[G]
段第二句。
43.【解析】[F]。根据题干中的关键词major fossil exporting countries 和 develop
renewable energies可定位至[F]段第二句。
44.【解析】[O]。根据题干中的关鍵词not properly dealt with 和 pose endless risks
可定位至[O] 段最后一句。
45.【解析】 [B]。细节题。根据题干中的关键词urgent for governments, increase the
cost 和 lessen the catastrophic effects可定位至[B]段第二句。

Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by
some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices
marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the

六级 真题
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Tennessee’s technical and community colleges will not outsource (夕卜包)
management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was
bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.
In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents
system, outgoing Chancellor John Morgan said an internal analysis showed that each
campus’ spending on facilities management fell well below the industry standards
identified by the state. Morgan said those findings — which included data from the
system’s 13 community colleges, 27 technical colleges and six universities 一 were
part of the decision not to move forward with Governor Bill Haslam’s proposal to
privatize management of state buildings in an effort to save money.
“While these numbers are still being validated by the state, we feel any
adjustments they might suggest will be immaterial,” Morgan wrote to the presidents.
“System institutions are operating very efficiently based on this analysis, raising the
question of the value of pursuing a broad scale outsourcing initiative.”
Workers,advocates have criticized Haslam’s plan, saying it would mean some
campus workers would lose their jobs or benefits. Haslam has said colleges would be
free to opt in or out of the outsourcing plan, which has not been finalized.
Morgan notified the Haslam administration of his decision to opt out in a letter
sent last week. That letter, which includes several concerns Morgan has with the plan,
was originally obtained by The Commercial Appeal in Memphis.
In an email statement from the state’s Office of Customer Focused Government,
which is examining the possibility of outsourcing, spokeswoman Michelle R. Martin
said officials were still working to analyze the data from the Board of Regents. Data
on management expenses at the college system and in other state departments will be
part of a “business justification” the state will use as officials deliberate the specifics
of an outsourcing plan.
“The state’s facilities management project team is still in the process of

六级 真题
developing its business justification and expects to have that completed and available
to the public at the end of February,Martin said. “At this time there is nothing to take
action on since the analysis has yet to be completed.”
Morgan’s comments on outsourcing mark the second time this month that he has
come out against one of Haslam’s plans for higher education in Tennessee. Morgan
said last week that he would retire at the end of January because of the governor’s
proposal to split off six universities of the Board of Regents system and create
separate governing boards for each of them. In his resignation letter, Morgan called
the reorganization “unworkable.”
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
do we learn about the decision of technical and community colleges in
Tennessee?
A) It is backed by a campus spending analysis. B) It has been flatly rejected by
the governor.
C) It has neglected their faculty’s demands.
situation.

does the campus spending analysis reveal?
A) Private companies play a big role in campus management.
B) Facilities management by colleges is more cost-effective.
C) Facilities management has greatly improved in recent years.
D) Colleges exercise full control over their own financial affairs.

’ supporters argue that Bill Haslam’s proposal would_______.
A) deprive colleges of the right to manage their facilities
B) make workers less motivated in performing duties
C) render a number of campus workers jobless
D) lead to the privatization of campus facilities

do we learn from the state spokeswoman’s response to John Morgan’s

D) It will improve their financial
六级 真题
decision?
A) The outsourcing plan is not yet finalized.
B) The outsourcing plan will be implemented.
C) The state officials are confident about the outsourcing plan.
D) The college spending analysis justifies the outsourcing plan.

did John Morgan decide to resign?
A) He had lost confidence in the Tennessee state government.
B) He disagreed with the governor on higher education policies.
C) He thought the state’s outsourcing proposal was simply unworkable.
D) He opposed the governor’s plan to reconstruct the college board system.
46. What do many researchers generally accept?
A) It is imperative to protect scientists’ patents.
B)Repositories are essential to scientific research.
C)Open data sharing is most important to medical science.
D)Open data sharing is conducive to scientific advancement.
【答案】D
【解析】由题干中的关键词many researchers, generally accept可定位至原文
的第一段。D项中的is conducive to scientific advancement 对应原文的 accelerate
science。因此选 D。
47. What is the attitude of most researchers towards making their own data
public?
A) Opposed. B) Ambiguous. C) Liberal. D) Neutral.
【答案】A
【解析】本题定位至原文第一段的 最后:但是大部分研究人员仍不愿意将自
己的劳动成果放在网上。此外,第二段的第二句说到, 科学家 曾经给出许多反
对共享的原因……。这充分说明大部分研究人员反对公开他们的数据。因此选
A 。
48. According to the passage, what might hinder open data sharing?
A) The fear of massive copying.


六级 真题
B)The lack of a research culture.
C)The belief that research data is private intellectual property.
D)The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it.
【答案】C
【解析】本题定位至原文的第三段。其中 原文中的“将数据视为私人所有的
研究文化”也就是“认为研究数据是private intellectual property的观点”,因此
选C。
49. What helps lift some of the barriers to open data sharing?
A)The ever-growing demand for big data.
B) The advancement of digital technology.
C)The changing attitude of journals and funders.
D) The trend of social and economic development.
【答案】C
【解析】由题干中的关 键词barriers可定位至原文的第三段。该段指出,障
碍正在消失,部分原因是全世界的杂志和资 金资助机构正在鼓励科学家们将数
据公开。……资金资助机构表明使用公共资金赞助的数据应该成为公共 信息。
这表明杂志和资助方的态度已经开始接受共享数据的观念,其态度发生了改变,
因此选C 。
50. Dryad serves as an example to show how open data sharing ________.
A)is becoming increasingly popular
B) benefits sharers and users alike
C)makes researchers successful
D)saves both money and labor
【答案】B
【解析 】由题干中的关键词Dryad可定位至倒数第二段。原文意思是使用者
对公开的数据有疑问的,还可对 这些数据提出问题,这样可以使分享者进一步
完善数据。这说明,公开数据分享无论对于数据的分享者还 是使用者,他们都
能从中受益。因此选B。

Passage Two

六级 真题
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Beginning in the late sixteenth century, it became fashionable for young
aristocrats to visit Paris, Venice, Florence, and above all, Rome, as the culmination
(终极)of their classical education. Thus was born the idea of the Grand Tour, a
practice which introduced Englishmen, Germans, Scandinavians, and also Americans
to the art and culture of France and Italy for the next 300 years. Travel was arduous
and costly throughout the period, possible only for a privileged class — the same that
produced gentlemen scientists, authors, antique experts, and patrons of the arts.
The Grand Tourist was typically a young man with a thorough grounding in
Greek and Latin literature as well as some leisure time, some means, and some
interest in art. The German traveler Johann Winckelmann pioneered the field of art
history with his comprehensive study of Greek and Roman sculpture; he was
portrayed by his friend Anton Raphael Mengs at the beginning of his long residence in
Rome. Most Grand Tourists, however, stayed for briefer periods and set out with less
scholarly intentions, accompanied by a teacher or guardian, and expected to return
home with souvenirs of their travels as well as an understanding of art and
architecture formed by exposure to great masterpieces.
London was a frequent staring point for Grand Tourists, and Paris a compulsory
destination; many traveled to the Netherlands, some to Switzerland and Germany, and
a very few adventurers to Spain, Greece, or Turkey. The essential place to visit,
however, was Italy. The British traveler Charles Thompson spoke for many Grand
Tourists when in 1744 he described himself as “being impatiently desirous of viewing
a country so famous in history, a country which once gave laws to the world, and
which is at present the greatest school of music and painting, contains the noblest
productions of sculpture and architecture, and is filled with cabinets of rarities, and
collections of all kinds of historical relics.” Within Italy, the great focus was Rome,
whose ancient ruins and more recent achievements were shown to every Grand
Tourist. Panini’s Ancient Rome and Modem Rome represent the sights most prized,
including celebrated Greco-Roman statues and views of famous ruins, fountains, and
churches. Since there were few museums anywhere in Europe before the close of the

六级 真题
eighteenth century, Grand Tourists often saw paintings and sculptures by gaining
admission to private collections, and many were eager to acquire examples of
Greco-Roman and Italian art for their own collections. In England, where architecture
was increasingly seen as an aristocratic pursuit, noblemen often applied what they
learned from the villas of Palladio in the Veneto and the evocative (唤起回忆的)ruins
of Rome to their own country houses and gardens.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
51. What is said about the Grand Tour?
A)It was fashionable among young people of the time.
B)It was unaffordable for ordinary people.
C)It produced some famous European artists.
D)It made a compulsory part of college education.

did Grand Tourists have in common?
A)They had much geographic knowledge.
B)They were courageous and venturesome.
C)They were versed in literature and interested in art.
D)They had enough travel and outdoor-life experience.

did Grand Tourists benefit from their travel?
A)They found inspiration in the world’s greatest masterpieces.
B)They got a better understanding of early human civilization.
C)They developed an interest in the origin of modem art forms.
D)They gained some knowledge of classical art and architecture.

did many Grand Tourists visit the private collections?
A)They could buy unique souvenirs there to take back home.
B)Europe hardly had any museums before the 19th century.
C)They found the antiques there more valuable.
D)Private collections were of greater variety.

六级 真题

did the Grand Tour influence the architecture in England?
A)There appeared more and more Roman-style buildings.
B)Many aristocrats began to move into Roman-style villas.
C)Aristocrats’ country houses all had Roman- style gardens.
D)Italian architects were hired to design houses and gardens.
51. What does the author say about the shrinking spending of international tourists in
the U.S.?
A)It is attributable to the rising value of the U.S. dollar.
B)It is a direct result of the global economic recession.
C)It reflects a shift of their interest in consumer goods.
D)It poses a potential threat to the retail business in the U.S.
【答案】A
【解析】根据题干中的关键调shrinking, spending, international tourists 可定位至
第一段的第二句,因此选A。
52. What does Macy’s believe about its problems?
A) They can be solved with better management.
B) They cannot be attributed to weather only.
C) They are not as serious in its online stores.
D) They call for increased investments.
【答案】B
52.【解析】本题定位于第二段的第一句,因此选B。
53. In order to cut costs, Macy’s decided to ________.
A) cut the salary of senior executives
B) relocate some of its chain stores
C) adjust its promotion strategies
D) reduce the size of its staff
【答案】D
【解析】根据题干中的关键词cut costs可定位于第三段的第二句至该段的最后一

六级 真题
句,因此选D。
54. Why does Macy’s plan to expand Bluemercury in 2016?
A) To experiment on its new business concept. B) To focus more on beauty products
than clothing.
C) To promote sales of its products by lowering prices. D) To be more competitive in
sales of beauty products.
【答案】D
【解析】根据题干中的关键词expand,Bluemercury, in 2016可定位至第五段的第
三、四句,因此选D。
55. What can we learn about Macy’s during the holiday season?
A) Sales dropped sharply in its physical stores.
B)Its retail sales exceeded those of T. J. Maxx.
C)It helped Bluemercury establish its position worldwide.
D)It filled its stores with abundant supply of merchandise.
【答案】D
【解析】根据题干中的关键词holiday season可定位至最后一段。因此选D。

P
art IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage
from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

宋朝始于960年,一 直延续到1279年。这一时期,中国经济大幅增长,成
为世界上最先进的经 济体,科学、技术、哲学和数学蓬勃发展。宋代中国是世
界历史上首先发行纸币的国家。宋朝还 最早使用火药并发明了适室
(movable- type)印刷。人口增长迅速,越来越多的人住进城市,那里 有热闹的
娱乐场所。社会生活多种多样。人们聚集在一起观看和交易珍贵艺术品。宋朝的
政府体 制在当时也是先进的。政府官员均通过竞争性考试选拔作用。

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

六级 真题
【答案】The Song Dynasty started from 960 and lasted until 1279. During that
period, China had witnessed a dramatic economic growth, making it the most
advanced economy in the world. In the meantime, science, technology, philosophy
and mathematics also experienced vigorous development. China back then was the
first country to issue the paper money and also the earliest to use gunpowder and
invent movable-type printing around the world. With burgeoning population, an
increasing number of people flocked to cities where there were bustling entertainment
outlets. People at that time enjoyed rich social life, gathering together to appreciate
and trade precious artworks. The government system in Song Dynasty was also
advanced, with all government officials selected and appointed through competitive
examination.


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