我的繁体字英文中西方的餐桌礼仪+练习题

2020年12月21日发(作者：杜牧)
十条应该遵守的西方礼仪 How to behave at table in western society?
1. When helping a woman pull her chair to the table, hold it and guide it. Don't shove it against the back of
her legs. 为女士拉椅子的时候，要把椅子抓住了，留个角度，让女士好走过去。别让椅子腿碰到
女士的腿。
you're seated at a table with eight or fewer guests, wait for everyone to be served and for the hostess
to begin eating before you dig in. At a long banquet table, it's OK to start when several people are seated
and served. 如果就餐人数 少于等于八人，那就等所有人都坐好了，女主人开始用餐了，再开动。
如果是长餐桌，那么只要有几个人 入座进食了，你也就可以开始吃了。
things not having to do with food should remain off the table: keys, clutch bags, cigarette packs,
sunglasses, BlackBerrys.
一切和食物无关的东西都不应该出现在餐桌上，包括：钥匙、手袋、烟盒、墨镜还有手机。
4. Don't snap your napkin open or unfurl it showily like it's an Olympic flag.
不要把餐巾展开，看起来像是在展示奥林匹克会旗一样。
you prefer not to have wine while dining out, don't turn your glass upside down, and don't make a big
deal of saying you don't drink. Simply place your fingertips on the rim of the glass and say
thanks. 如果在用餐时你不想饮酒，不要把酒杯倒过来放，也不要很在意地宣布你不喝酒。只
要轻轻地把指尖放在酒杯边缘，说一句今天不喝，谢谢。
you're eating and want to take a sip, dab your mouth with your napkin to avoid staining the rim of the
glass. 如果你在吃东西的时候，想要啜一口饮料的话，那就先拿餐巾把嘴擦干净了，以免在杯
子边缘留下残迹。
ng a bowl of salad or a saltshaker as it's being passed to someone who asked for it is the
equivalent of cutting in line: greedy and rude. 7.把原本要递给别人的沙拉碗或者盐瓶从半道截下
来，这基本上就等于在说：你是个 既贪婪又粗鲁的人。
the subject of passing: Dishes go counterclockwise, but if someone to your left asks for something,
you can hand it directly to him. 8.餐桌上要传递东西的话，规则一般是逆时针传递。不过，如果
坐在你左手边的 人想要什么东西时，你也可以直接递给他。
you excuse yourself to go to the restroom, just say
9.想去洗手间的时候，只要说失陪一下就可以了。
out with friends or family - even at a fancy restaurant - it's OK to ask for your leftovers to be
wrapped. But don't do it at a business lunch or dinner.
10.和朋友家人一起外出用餐，即使是到很高级的餐馆，也可以要求把吃剩 下的食物打包带走。不
过，如果是在商务宴会上，就不要这么做了。
改错
2. People go to a formal Western dinner party the first time may be surprising by the Western table
manners. Next to the napkin, you’ll find some bread and three glass which are for the wine. The knife and
fork that are closest to your plate are a little more bigger than the ones besides them. Dinner starts with a
small dish, that is often called a starter. For the starter, which you eaten with the smaller pair, you keep the
knife in your right hand and the fork in your left one. Although good manners always make you look good,
but you do not need to worry about all these rules while you having dinner with your foreign friends.
第一行：①People后加who ② party后加for ③ surprising → surprised
第二行：④glass → glasses
第三行：⑤去掉more
第四行：⑥besides → beside ⑦ that → which
第五行：⑧eaten → eat
第六行：⑨去掉but
第七行：⑩去掉you或在you后加are
中国的餐桌礼仪和文化

The main difference on the Chinese dinner table is chopsticks instead of knife and fork, but that’s only
superficial. Besides, in decent restaurants, you can always ask for a pair of knife and fork, if you find the
chopsticks not helpful enough. The real difference is that in the West, you have your own plate of food,
while in China the dishes are placed on the table and everyone shares. If you are being treated to a formal
dinner and particularly if the host thinks you’re in the country for the first time, he will do the best to give
you a taste of many different types of dishes.
The meal usually begins with a set of at least four cold dishes, to be followed by the main courses of hot
meat and vegetable dishes. Soup then will be served (unless in Guangdong style restaurants) to be followed
by staple food ranging from rice, noodles to dumplings. If you wish to have your rice to go with other dishes,
you should say so in good time, for most of the Chinese choose to have the staple food at last or have none
of them at all.
Perhaps one of the things that surprise a Western visitor most is that some of the Chinese hosts like to put
food into the plates of their guests. In formal dinners, there are always “public” chopsticks and spoons for
this purpose, but some hosts may use their own chopsticks. This is a sign of genuine friendship and
politeness. It is always polite to eat the food. If you do not eat it, just leave the food in the plate.
People in China tend to over-order food, for they will find it embarrassing if all the food is consumed. When
you have had enough, just say so. Or you will always overeat!
中西方餐桌礼仪文化差异 练习：
Can you imagine the situation that a Chinese student has dinner at his American professor’s house for the
first time?
Let’s read the following and try to make a comment about it by asking and answering with these words or
phrases above.
impression did he leave on the American professor and his family?
did he behave at the table?
he know any about American table manners?
fault was it that he committed such Faux Pas (失礼) in American table manners?
did other people stare at him? Was he a disabled person with two horns on his head? Did they make
jokes about him?
advice can we follow about table manners?
7.（1-9）练习定语从句

The first course is soup. He picks up the bowl, slurps it down, and, to continues the tradition of not
wasting food, tips the bowl over his head to get the last drop. Satisfied, he puts down the empty bowl, lets
out a burp, and exclaims:
at him.
“Why is everyone staring?” He is thinking… “Did I just grow two horns on my head?”
No! He has just committed almost every Faux Pas (失礼) in American table manners. Okay, perhaps
the scene is a slight exaggeration(夸张). But it often happens to some newly arrived Chinese.
At a Chinese restaurant, it’s perfectly okay to shout, burp, and slurp. But table manners in American
homes and restaurants are very different. Here are some basics for you to follow the next time you go to
your American professor’s house.
Don’t talk with your mouth full. No one wants to see what you are chewing. This is one of the most
common mistakes Chinese makes at the dinning table. Finish swallowing before you open your mouth.
What’s the hurry? The person you are talking to will still be there after you take a few seconds to chew your
food.
Don’t put your elbows on the table when you are eating. It’s okay to do it once you are done with
your food.
Don’t eat with both a fork and a knife at the same time. Americans typically finish cutting, then put
down the knife and eat with the right hand to hold the fork. The British will cut and eat at the same time.
Don’t speak loudly in Chinese in a restaurant. It’s considered extremely rude.
Don’t burp loudly in front of others. And if you do so by accident, politely say: “Excuse me.”
And last but not least… Never pick up your plate to swipe food into your mouth! Never!
There are many other rules to follow in table etiquette. But unless you are going to dine at the White
House, the ones above will certainly help shed the barbarian (不文明的) image. Remember, it is okay to
have funny accent but not rude behavior.
In Great Britain today good manners at table include eating with the mouth closed; not letting any of
the food fall off the plate; using the knife only for cutting; and not trying to take food across the table. In
other parts of the world there are also rules (1) which people should follow when they are eating, but they
are not the same as those of Britain. Indeed, the things (2) that are considered good table manners in some
other countries are the things (3) that British people try hardest to avoid. In Arabia, for example, the people
at a feast(宴会) take pieces of food with their fingers and belch loudly (4), which shows that they have
appreciated it.
In the Western countries there are differences between table manners (5), which are not so
marked(显著的). In North America it is polite to eat up meat and then put the knife down, take the fork in
the right hand and eat with it. Most European people, like the British, keep the fork in the left hand and the
knife in the right all the time when they are eating food (6) that has to be cut. In the British Isles and
Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Iceland) special knives and forks are used for eating fish. In
France, Belgium and Italy, however, it is correct to keep the same knife for every course (7), which people
wipe on a piece of bread.
Table manners of course have changed with time. The earliest meals were also the simplest
(8), which were eaten on the ground round a line, and everyone took his food from the animal or bird
(9) that had been cooked. The women waited on the warriors(武士) and afterwards ate the food (10)that they
left.
Table manners did not always include quiet behavior. Quarrels often took place at table, and in the
17th century King Louis XIV of France ordered that only the knives (11) that had rounded ends should be
used to prevent people from stabbing(刺) each other while they were eating.