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市场管理学新世纪英语专业 综合教程2 (何兆熊)核心词汇 unit3

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2020-12-23 01:14
tags:slipping

日期时间-四级各部分分值

2020年12月23日发(作者:蔡若翰)

新世纪英语专业 综合教程
(何兆熊)核心词汇 unit3
2

杀性炸弹袭击

striking a. very attractive or impressive 引人注目的,显
著的,惊人的
【例句】There were some striking similarities between the
two books.
这两本书有惊人的相似之处。
Tom was always impressed by the striking
resemblance between his Uncle Julian and his
father.那时汤姆总是对叔叔朱丽安和父亲的惊人相
似留有深刻的印象。
【派生】 strike v. 有强烈的感受,造成深刻的印象
strike sb as + adj. 给某人留下什么印象

1
预示(不好的事)threaten v. ○,有…之势,(不好的
2
威胁 事)即将来临,逼近 ○
【例句】Dark clouds threatened rain.
乌云预示着有雨。
According to some scientists, global warming
threatens the survival of the whole human race. 有
些科学家认为,全球变暖威胁着整个人类的生存。
The kidnapper threatened to kill me if I didn’t
obey.
绑架者威胁说如果我不听从就要杀了我。
The man became angry and threatened that he
would go to the police.
那个人生气了,威胁说要去警察局。
【用法】 threaten sbsth 威胁某人 预示什么事可能发生
threaten to do sth.威胁(说) 去做某事;threaten that clause
威胁要做某事
1
凶兆,
2
威胁,
3
可【派生】threat n. ○坏兆头 ○恐吓 ○
能带来危险的人或事物
1
溜走,悄悄移动 ○
2
滑,溜,滑倒,失足 slip v. ○
【例句】The thief slipped into the room when no one was
looking.
没人注意的时候,那个贼溜进了房间。
As the years slipped by, I thought less about her.
随着时间的流失, 我不那么想她了。
The road was frozen, and people were slipping
and sliding all along the street.
路面上冻了,沿路上人们都在打滑摔倒。
【近义】英语中表示“不被人注意溜进一个地方”的词除了
1
slide 悄悄地走、徐徐地行 slip之外,还有:○
2
如:slide out of the room (悄悄溜出房间); ○
sneak 偷偷地走,潜行,如: sneak aboard the
3
steal intoplane ship 偷偷登上飞机轮船。○
悄悄、偷偷地溜进,如:steal away from the team
(偷偷溜出队伍)。

given prep. 倘若,如果考虑到,鉴于
【例句】Given their inexperience, they’ve done a good job.
考虑到他们没有经验,这个工作做得已经不错了。
Given that the patients have some disabilities, we
are thinking of moving to live together with them.
鉴于父母有残疾在身,我们考虑要搬过去和他们一
起住。

console v. 安慰,抚慰,慰问
【例句】Susanna did her best to console her daughter by
promising to buy her another doll.
苏珊娜尽力安慰女儿,答应说再给她买一个娃娃。
He consoled himself that he would see Kate again
soon.
她安慰自己说很快就会再见到凯特的。
【派生】 consolation n. 安慰,慰问

1
宽容,容忍 ○
2
忍受 tolerate v. ○
【例句】The dean is always advocating open-mindedness,
actually he refuses to tolerate any opposition. 主任总是
提倡思想解放,而事实上他不能容忍任何反对意见。
For years the workers have had to tolerate low wages
and terrible working conditions.
多年来工人们一直不得不忍受低工资和恶劣的工作条
件。
【搭配】to be tolerant of ( or, towards ) sth. sb. 对某事或某
人宽容 忍受
lack of tolerance of for towards 缺乏对某事或
某人的忍受
【派生】 tolerant a. 宽容的 tolerance n. 宽容;忍受
(力)

diagnostic a. of or for diagnosing 诊断的
【例句】Doctors depend more and more on accurate
diagnostic tools.
医生越来越多地依赖精确的诊断工具。
Remember that the hospital is in the business of
selling services, and these include diagnostic tests.
要记住医院是销售服务的地方,这些服务包括诊断
性检测。
【派生】diagnose v. 诊断(疾病),判断(问题)
diagnosis n. 诊断(结论);判断,调查分析
authorize v. 批准,许可,授权
【例句】It was the boss who authorized the payment of this
bill.
是老板许可支付这个账单。
You have to authorize another person to vote for you
while you are away.
你不在时必须授权他人替你投票。
【搭配】authorize sth 批准某事; authorize sb. to do sth. 授
权某人去做某事
【派生】authorization n. 授权(书),许可(证) authority
n. 权力,权威
the authorities 当局,官方

1
使获得印象 ○
2
使了解(某事的重要性),使impress v. ○
铭记
【例句】 One candidate in particular impressed us with her
wide knowledge.
有一个选手以她广博的知识给我们留下了特别的
印象。
The judges were so very impressed by the
eloquence of the second contestant.
裁判们对第二位参赛者的雄辩口才留下深刻印象。
Father impressed on me the value of hard work.
父亲使我对勤奋工作的价值铭记于心。
【用法】sthsb impress sb deeply 给某人留下深刻印象
be impressed by…对某事或某人印象深刻
【派生】impression n. 印象 impressive a. 给人深刻印象
的,令人难忘的
经常用在 leave a deep impression on sb 结构里

endure v. 忍耐,忍受
【例句】The film star had to endure countless attacks on
her reputation from popular newspapers.
那个电影明星不得不忍受通俗报纸上对她名誉进
行的没完没了的攻击。
The mother can’t endure being apart from her
children.
母亲不能忍受与孩子们的分离。
【同义】stand v. 经受住(考验,风雨等); 忍受(痛苦; 不喜欢
的人或事)
put up with 忍受 接受(即使不喜欢或不满意)
bear v. (无奈地)忍受
【派生】 endurance n. 忍耐(力),持久(力),耐久(性)
enduring a. 持久的,耐久的

(二) 常用短语
give sb. a ride 让某人搭便车、顺风车,免费乘载某人
【例句】Can you give me a ride back to town?
你能让我搭便车回城里吗?
【近义】 gethitch a ride 免费搭乘,坐顺风车
We hitched a ride into town.
我们搭了个便车回城里去的。
thumb a ridelift向路过的机动车竖起拇指表示请
求免费搭车
Two or three cars passed me and I tried to thumb
a lift, but they didn’t stop.
有两三辆小车经过,我竖起拇指想搭个便车,但
他们都没停。
on sb.’s part on the part of sb. 在某人方面,就某人而言
【例句】 It was a mistake on the part of Jones to sign the
agreement without reading it carefully.
不仔细阅读协议就签字是琼斯的错。
He apologized on the part of his company.
他代表他的公司道歉。
【用法】有时也可以写成for sb’s part
keep (…) apart (使)分开
【例句】He is a strange boy, who keeps apart from all the
activities in the school.
他是个奇怪的孩子,所有的大学活动他都避开。
I don’t want those dogs fighting — keep them apart,
can’t you?
我不想那些狗打架 —— 你可不可以把它们分开?
be wrapped up in 被…迷住,全神贯注于…,埋头于…
【例句】The girl is so wrapped up in him that she can’t see
his faults.
那女孩太迷恋他所以看不到他的缺点。
Her husband doesn’t have much time for a social
life, because he’s too wrapped up in his research.
她的丈夫没有很多时间参加社交,因为他太埋头
于自己的研究。
【近义】be absorbed in 沉浸在...之中
be preoccupied with 着迷于全神贯注于…
be immersed in 沉浸于…
stretch out 伸展肢体,伸懒腰,躺下歇息
【例句】 I’m just going to stretch out on the couch for ten
minutes.
我正要到沙发上躺下休息十分钟。
Having been seated in the chair for nearly two
hours, she stood up and stretched out his arms and legs.
在椅子里坐了接近两个小时后, 她起身舒展一下
胳膊和双腿。
Jimmy stretched out his hand to take the book on
the shelf, but failed.
吉米伸手去拿那本书,但没够着。
not about to do sth. — [infml] 很不情愿做某事,根本没打
算做某事
【例句】I’m not about to stop when I am so close to success.
我离成功这么近时根本没打算要停下来。
I’ve never smoked in my life and I’m not about to
start now.
我一生从不吸烟, 现在也不打算开始。
get sb. doing sth. get sb. to do sth. 劝使逼迫某人做某事
【例句】 In the end, we got the children clearing the
playground.
最后,我们让孩子们清理了运动场地。
I’ll get Terry to check the wiring for me.
我要请泰利帮我检查作文。
set apart 使与众不同,使显得突出
【例句】 What set the play apart was the way it dealt
with the murder scene.
这个戏剧的突出之处就是它处理谋杀场面的方式。
Both his age and color really set Obama apart from the
previous presidents.
奥巴马的年龄和肤色都使他与之前的总统与众不同。



语法要点
1.Negative words 否定词
英语中常见的否定副词除了not之外, 还包括: never,
hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely, seldom等词。在使用这些否
定副词时有些问题需要注意。
(1) 否定副词在句中的位置
否定副词在句中出现在谓语动词之前;出现复合谓语时
放在情态动词、助动词或be动词的后面。例如:
Anne had such good judgment and intuition, she
rarely makes a wrong decision. (Para.3,L3) 安恩
有很好的判断力和直觉,她很少做出错误的判断。
Then again, I’ve never seen her feel sorry for herself
either. (Para.9, L1)
此外, 我也从未看到过她为自己感到难过的时候。
(2) 否定副词前置
在比较正式或文学的体裁中, 否定副词会放置在句首,
以达到强调的效果。此时,句子的谓语动词需要部分倒装。
例如:
Scarcely was Vicky involved in any extracurricular
activities during the universities years.
大学期间维基很少参加什么课外活动。
Seldom had Anne made any wrong decisions at critical
moments.
关键的时候,安恩从未做出过错误的判断。
Nowhere else in China have I ever seen such a moving
scene before.
此前在中国任何其它的地方我都没有看见过这样感人的
场面。
(3)否定的范围 < br>英语句子构成否定意义的方式很多,可以用“not”这种
常见方式,也可以用上文提到的否定副 词对动词进行否定,
还可以通过否定主语或宾语等方式。不同方式达到的否定范
围、否定程度和 否定效果都不一样,经常令中国学生很疑惑,
需加以小心判断。
1
句首用“no+名词”的方式表示全部否定。例如: ○
No one actually survived in the plane crash.
事实上在那次飞机失事中无人幸存。
No reference books are to be taken out of the library.
所有参考书都不能借出图书馆。
2
句首用“Not all Not many Not every + 名词”的方○
式来表达部分否定。例如:
Not all economists agreed to the explanation of the
present financial crisis.
不是所有的经济学家都认同对目前经济危机的这个解
释。
Not everyone here likes Jay Chou’s music.
这里不是所有人都喜欢周杰伦的音乐。
3
“All + not”结构看似完全否定, 实际上往往属于部○
分否定。例如:
All the invitations have not been sent. 不是所有的请
柬都已发送出去。
All the answers are not answered. 不是所有的问题都
得到了回答。
虽然人们认为上面这两个句子在口 语中可以因为语调
的变化(比如用降调)也能表示全部否定,但如果我们要表
示全部否定的意义 时,通常还是用完全否定主语的方式,以避
免产生歧义。比如:
No invitation has been sent. 没有一个请柬寄出去了。
No question is answered. 或,None of the questions are
answered.
所有的问题都没有得到回答 (没有一个问题得到了回
答)。

2.Unit nouns 单位词
单位词是表示人或物的单位或动作行为的单位 的词。单
位词大都借用普通名词,因而所表达的意义往往与词汇本身
的意义相关联,在用法上它 们与其他名词的搭配一般比较固
定, 可以和不可数名词搭配,也可以和可数名词搭配。
英语中比较常用的单位词包括:
(1) 一般性表示个数的词,比如:
piece a piece of paper chalk cake bread news
advice information furniture.
bit a bit of wood grass trouble bread water
article an article of furniture clothing luggage
(2) 以形状表示个数的单位词, 比如:
cake a cake of soap ice
bar a bar of chocolate candy
drop a drop of blood water oil rain dew
head a head of lettuce cabbage cauliflower
cattle sheep
loaf a loaf of bread
slice a slice of meat bread cake beef
lump a lump of sugar coal earth clay
blade a blade of leave grass
ball a ball of wool
train a train of thoughts
(3)表示容积的单位词,如:
bottle a bottle of ink perfume water milk wine
glass a glass of beer water
cup a cup of tea milk
basket a basket of vegetables eggs
packet a packet of cigarettes
handful a handful of candies soil
spoonful a spoonful of oil soup
(4)表示行为、动态的单位词, 如:
flash a flash of lightning light hope
fit a fit of fever anger remorse
burst a burst of crying laughterapplause
(5)表示“群”的单位词,如:
an army of elephants (一群大象); a pack throng of
wolves (一群狼); a batch of dogs (一群狗); a brood of
chicks (一群小鸡); a hive of bees (一窝蜜蜂); a swarm of
locusts (一群蝗虫); a field of horses (一群马), 等等。这些单
位词的使用非常形象地传达了不同动物群的特征。
需要注意的是,英语和汉语单位词的用法还有一点不
同。汉语说一杯好茶,在英语里不说a cup of nice tea,而
要说a nice cup of tea。类似的例子还有:a thin coat of ice
(一层薄冰), a stagnant pool of water(一潭死水), a
beautiful stretch of field (一片美丽的田野)等等。

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