大六壬金口诀大学英语六级听力题目答案及原文第套

2020年12月24日发(作者：祁建华)




大学英语六级听力题目
答案及原文第套
文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the
end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both
the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.
After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from
the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line
through the center.

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just
heard.

1. A) Project organizer. B) Public relations
officer.

C) Marketing manager. D) Market research
consultant.

2. A) Quantitative advertising research. B) Questionnaire
design.

C) Research methodology. D) Interviewer
training.

3. A) They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits.

B) They examine relations between producers and customers.

C) They look for new and effective ways to promote products.

D) They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long
period.

4. A) The lack of promotion opportunity. B) Checking
charts and tables.

C) Designing questionnaires. D) The
persistent intensity.

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just
heard.

5. A) His view on Canadian universities.

B) His understanding of higher education.

C) His suggestions for improvements in higher education.

D) His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.

6. A) It is well designed. B) It is rather
inflexible.

C) It varies among universities. D) It has
undergone great changes.

7. A) The United States and Canada can learn from each other.

B) Public universities are often superior to private
universities.

C) Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.

D) Private schools work more efficiently than public
institutions.

8. A) University systems vary from country to country.

B) Efficiency is essential to university management.

C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a
private one.

D) Many private universities in the US are actually large
bureaucracies.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At
the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions.
Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.
After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from
the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line
through the center.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.

9. A) Government’s role in resolving an economic crisis.

B) The worsening real wage situation around the world.

C) Indications of economic recovery in the United States.

D) The impact of the current economic crisis on people’s life.

10. A) They will feel less pressure to raise employees’ wages.

B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.

C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.

D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.

11. A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the
economic crisis.

B) Government and companies join hands to create jobs for the
unemployed.

C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.

D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

12. A) Whether memory supplements work. B) Whether herbal
medicine works wonders.

C) Whether exercise enhances one’s memory. D) Whether a magic
memory promises success.

13. A) They help the elderly more than the young. B) They are
beneficial in one way or another.

C) They generally do not have side effects. D) They are not
based on real science.

14. A) They are available at most country fairs. B) They are
taken in relatively high dosage.

C) They are collected or grown by farmers. D) They are
prescribed by trained practitioners.

15. A) They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental
exercise.

B) Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary
risks.

C) Their effect lasts only a short time.

D) Many have benefited from them.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of
lectures or talks followed by three or four
recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question,
you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),
B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer
Sheet with a single line through the center.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just
heard.

16. A) How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to
developing nations.

B) How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural
disasters.

C) How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural
disasters.

D) How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.

17. A) By training rescue teams for emergencies. B) By taking
steps to prepare people for them.

C) By changing people’s views of nature. D) By
relocating people to safer places.

18. A) How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.

B) How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.

C) How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.

D) How destructive tropical storms can be.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just
heard.

19. A) Pay back their loans to the American government.

B) Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.

C) Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.

D) Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.

20. A) Some banks may have to merge with others.

B) Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.

C) It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.

D) Many banks will have to lay off some employees.

21. A) It will work closely with the government.

B) It will endeavor to write off bad loans.

C) It will try to lower the interest rate.

D) It will try to provide more loans.

22. A) It won’t help the American economy to turn around.

B) It won’t do any good to the major commercial banks.

C) It will win the approval of the Obama administration.

D) It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just
heard.

23. A) Being unable to learn new things. B) Being
rather slow to make changes.

C) Losing temper more and more often. D) Losing the
ability to get on with others.

24. A) Cognitive stimulation. B) Community
activity.

C) Balanced diet . D) Fresh air.

25. A) Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.

B) Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.

C) Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.

D) Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.

Part II Listening Comprehension

Section A

Conversation One

【话题预测】根据选项中的 market research consultant，design，
promote products 等词可预测本篇对话与

工作有关。

【正确答案】1—4 D A D B

听力原文

M: So how long have you been a market research consultant

W: Well, I started straight after finishing university.

M: Did you study market research

W: Yeah, and it really helped me to get into the industry, but
I have to say that it’s more important to get experience in
different types of market research to find out exactly what
you’re interested in.

M: So what are you interested in

W: Well, at the moment, I specialize in quantitative
advertising research, which means that I do two types of
projects. Trackers, which are ongoing projects that look at
trends or customer satisfaction over a long period of time. The
only problem with trackers is that it takes up a lot of your
time. But you do build up a good relationship with the client.
I also do a couple of ad-hoc jobs which are much shorter
projects.

M: What exactly do you mean by ad-hoc jobs

W: It’s basically when companies need quick answers to their
questions about their consumers’ habits. They just ask for one
questionnaire to be sent out for example, so the time you spend
on an ad-hoc project tends to be fairly short.

M: Which do you prefer, trackers or ad-hoc

W: I like doing both and in fact I need to do both at the same
time to keep me from going crazy. I need the variety.

M: Can you just explain what process you go through with a new
client

W: Well, together we decide on the methodology and the
objectives of the research. I then design a questionnaire.

Once the interviewers have been briefed, I send the client a
schedule and then they get back to me with deadlines. Once the
final charts and tables are ready, I have to check them and
organize a presentation.

M: Hmm, one last question, what do you like and dislike about
your job

W: As I said, variety is important and as for what I don’t
like, it has to be the checking of charts and tables.

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just
heard.

1. What position does the woman hold in the company

2. What does the woman specialize in at the moment

3. What does the woman say about trackers

4. What does the woman dislike about her job

试题解析

【话题分类】工作与职场

【对话大意】
本对话是有关市场研究顾问的对话， 对话中女士对 tracker 和 ad-hoc
两项工作任务进行描述。

1. 【考核技能】语义理解

D) 【答案解析】根据对话中男士的问题 So how long have you been a
market research consultant（你在市场调 查顾问一职做了多久） ，
以及女士的回答 I started straight after finishing university
（一毕业就开始从事这 一工作） ，可知女士的工作是市场调查顾问。D
项是原文的重述，故选 D。

2. 【考核技能】语义理解

A) 【答案解析】原文提到 I specialize in quantitative
advertising research（我专门从事量化广告调研） ，A 项 与原文所
述相符。

3. 【考核技能】得出结论

D) 【答案解析】原文提到 Trackers, which are ongoing projects
that look at trends or customer satisfaction over a long period
of time（追踪表单是不间断的项目，用以长期观察趋势或顾客满意
度） 。D 项是原文的同

义转述。

4. 【考核技能】得出结论

B) 【答案解析】对话最后提到 as for what I don’t like, it has
to be the checking of charts and tables（至于我不 喜欢的，则是
我必须要检查图表） 。B 项与原文相同，故选 B。

Conversation Two

【话题预测】根据选项中的 universities，education 可预测本篇对话
与教育有关。

【正确答案】5—8 A B C C

听力原文

W: Hello, I’m here with Frederick. Now Fred, you went to
university in Canada

M: Yeah, that’s right.

W: OK, and you have very strong views about universities in
Canada. Could you please explain

M: Well, we don’t have private universities in Canada.
They’re all public. All the universities are owned by the
government, so there is the Ministry of Education in charge of
creating the curriculum for the universities and so there is
not much room for flexibility. Since it’s a government
operated institution, things don’t move very fast. If you want
something to be done, then their staff do not have so much
incentive to help you because he’s a worker for the government.
So I don’t think it’s very efficient. However, there are
certain advantages of public universities, such as the fees
being free. You don’t have to pay for your education. But the
system isn’t efficient, and it does not work that well.

W: Yeah, I can see your point, but in the United States we have
many private universities, and I think they are large
bureaucracies also. Maybe people don’t act that much
differently, because it’s the same thing working for a private
university. They get paid for their job. I don’t know if
they’re that much more motivated to help people. Also, we have
a problem in the United States that usually only wealthy kids
go to the best schools and it’s kind of a problem actually.

M: I agree with you. I think it’s a problem because you’re
not giving equal access to education to everybody. It’s not
easy, but having only public universities also might not be the
best solution. Perhaps we can learn from Japan where they have
a system of private and public universities. Now, in Japan,
public universities are considered to be the best.

W: Right. It’s the exact opposite in the United States.

M: So, as you see, it’s very hard to say which one is better.

W: Right, a good point.

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just
heard.

5. What does the woman want Frederick to talk about

6. What does the man say about the curriculum in Canadian
universities

7. On what point do the speakers agree

8. What point does the man make at the end of the conversation

试题解析

【话题分类】教育

【对话大意】本对话与教育有关，男 士讲述了自己对加拿大教育的一些
看法。女士也提出一些自己对教育的看法和意见。

5. 【考核技能】语义理解

A) 【答案解析】从对话中的 and you have very strong views about
universities in Canada. Could you please explain可知，女士认为
男士对加拿大的大学有明确的看法，并让其解释。由此可知她让
Frederick 讲述对大学的看法。A 项是原文的同义转述。

6. 【考核技能】语义理解

B) 【答案解析】男士提到 All the universities are owned by the
government, so there is the Ministry of Education in charge of
creating the curriculum for the universities and so there is
not much room for flexibility（所有的大学受政府的管理， 因此，
教育部负责设置学校的课程， 所以灵活性很小） 。由此可知 B 项是原
文的同义转述。

7. 【考核技能】观点支持

C) 【答案解析】男士提到 I agree with you. I think it’s a
problem because you’re not giving equal access to education to
everybody（我认为这是个问题，因为每个人受教育的机会并非平
等） 。由此可知，两个说话人就“每个人应得到平等的高等教育机会”
一问题达成共识。C 项是原文的同义转述。

8. 【考核技能】得出结论

C) 【答案解析】在对话最后，男士提到 it’s very hard to say
which one is better（很难说哪个更好） 。这是他概括得出的结论，C
项是原文的同义转述。由此可知 C 正确。

Section B

Passage One

【话题预测】从选项中的 wages，economic recovery，raise，
unemployed 可推测出本篇文章与劳工和工资有关。

【正确答案】9—11 B A C

听力原文

A recent International Labor Organization report says the
deterioration of real wages around the world calls into
question the true extent of an economic recovery, especially if
government rescue packages are phased out too early. The report
warns the picture on wages is likely to get worse this year,
despite indications of an economic rebound.

Patrick Belser, an International Labor Organization specialist,
says declining wage rates are linked to the levels of
unemployment. “The quite dramatic unemployment figures, which
we now see in some of the countries, strongly suggest that
there will be greater pressure on wages in the future as more
people will be unemployed, more people will be looking for jobs
and the pressure on employers to raise wages to attract workers
will decline. So, we expect that the second part of the year
will not be very good in terms of wage growth.”

The report finds more than a quarter of the countries
experienced flat or falling monthly wages in real terms. They
include the United States, Austria, Costa Rica, South Africa
and Germany. International Labor Organization economists say
some nations have come up with policies to lessen the impact of
lower wages during the economic crisis. An example of these is
work sharing with government subsidies. Under this scheme, the
number of individual working hours is reduced in an effort to
avoid layoffs.

For this scheme to work, the government must provide wage
subsidies to compensate for lost pay due to the shorter hours.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.

9. What is the International Labor Organization’s report
mainly about

10. According to an International Labor Organization specialist,
how will employers feel if there are more people looking for
jobs

11. What does the speaker mean by the work sharing scheme

试题解析

【话题分类】工作与职场

【文 章大意】根据国际劳工组织的报告显示，世界各国的实际工资在下
降，这会导致失业。

9. 【考核技能】主旨大意

B) 【答案解析】原文提到 A recent International Labor
Organization report says the deterioration of real wages around
the world calls into question the true extent of an economic
recovery （国际劳工组织最近的一份报告显示，全球各地的实际工资状< br>况都在恶化，这让人们对经济复苏的真正程度提出了质疑） 。B 项是原
文中 deterioration of real wage 的同义转述。

10. 【考核技能】观点意见

A) 【答案解析】原文提到 there will be greater pressure on wages
in the future as more people will be unemployed,more people
will be looking for jobs and the pressure on employers to raise
wages to attract workers will decline （今后，随着更多的人失
业，找工作的人也会增多，工资的压力将会变大， 雇主通过涨工资吸引
工人的压力也会变小） 。由此可知 A 是原文的同义转述。

11.【考核技能】观点意见

C) 【答案解析】原文提到 Under this scheme, the number of
individual working hours is reduced in an effort to avoid
layoffs（这一方案减少了个人工作时间，从而避免裁员） 。C 项符合
原文所述。

Passage Two

【话题预测】从选项中的 memory，medicine 可推测本篇文章与记忆或
医疗有关。

【正确答案】12—15 A D D B

听力原文

Is there really a magic memory pill or a herbal recall remedy I
have been frequently asked if these memory supplements work.
You know, one of the first things I like to tell people when
they ask me about these supplements is that a lot of them are
promoted as a cure for your memory. But your memory doesn’t
need a cure.

What your memory needs is a good work-out. So really those
supplements aren’t going to give you that perfect memory in
the way that they promise. The other thing is that a lot of
these supplements aren’t necessarily what they claim to be,
and you really have to be wary when you take any of them. The
science isn’t there behind most of them. They’re not really
well- regulated unless they adhere to some industry standard.

You don’t really know that what they say is in there is in
there. What you must understand is that those supplements,
especially in some Eastern cultures, are part of a medical
practice tradition. People don’t just go in a local grocery
store and buy these supplements.

In fact, they are prescribed and they’re given at a certain
level, a dosage that is understood by a practitioner who’s
been trained. And that’s not really the way they’re used in
this country. The other thing people do forget is that these
are medicines, so they do have an impact. A lot of times people
are not really aware of the impact they have, or the fact that
taking them in combination with other medications might put you
at increased risk for something that you wouldn’t otherwise be
encountering or be at risk for.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

12. What question is frequently put to the speaker

13. What does the speaker say about most memory supplements

14. What do we learn about memory supplements in Eastern
cultures

15. What does the speaker say about memory supplements at the
end

试题解析

【话题分类】健康

【文章大意】提高记忆力的保健品真 的有效吗？有些保健品的疗效不像
它们所宣称的那样，也没有科学依据。服用这些保健品还有风险。
12. 【考核技能】

A) 【答案解析】原文提到 I have been frequently asked if these
memory supplements work（经常有人问我 ： 这些记忆保健品是否有
效） 。A 项与原文是同义替换，故选 A。

13. 【考核技能】观点意见

D) 【答案解析】原文提到 a lot of these supplements aren’t
necessarily what they claim to be, and you really have to be
wary when you take any of them. The science isn’t there behind
most of t hem（很多保健品并不会像他们承诺的那样有效，你吃这些保
健品时也一定要小心。它们大多数都没有 科学依据） 。由此可知 D 是
原文的同义转述。

14. 【考核技能】语义理解

D) 【答案解析】原文提到尤其在东方文化中，保健品是医疗实践传统的
一部分，后面又提到 In fact, they are prescribed and they’re
given at a certain level, a dosage that is understood by a
practitioner who’s been trained （按一定的标准给人们开药，受过
训练的从业人员清楚剂量的使用） 。D 项是原文的同义转述。

15. 【考核技能】概括总结

B) 【答案解析】原文提到 that taking them in combination with
other medications might put you at increased risk for something
that you wouldn’t otherwise be encountering or be at risk for
（将保健品与其他药物同时服用，你会遇到其他风险） 。由此可知 B
项是原文的同义转述。

Section C

Recording One

【话题预测】
由选项的 natural disasters，tropical storm 可预测出本篇讲座与自
然灾害有关。

【正确答案】16—18 D B A

听力原文

The negative impacts of natural disasters can be seen
everywhere. In just the past few weeks, the world has witnessed
the destructive power of earthquakes in Indonesia, typhoons in
the Philippines, and the destructive sea waves that struck
Samoa and neighboring islands. A study by the Center for
Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters finds that, between
1980 and 2007, nearly 8,400 natural disasters killed more than
2 million people. These catastrophic events caused more than
$$1.5 trillion in economic losses. The UN weather expert
Geoffrey Love says that is the bad news.

“Over the last 50 years, economic losses have increased by a
factor of 50. That sounds pretty terrible, but the loss of life
has decreased by a factor of 10 simply because we are getting
better at warning people. We are making a difference. Extreme
events, however, will continue to occur. But, the message is
that they may not be disasters.” Love, who is director of
Weather and Disaster Risk Reduction at the World Meteorological
Organization, says most of the deaths and economic losses were
caused by weather, climate, or water-related extremes.

These include droughts, floods, windstorms, strong tropical
winds and wildfires. He says extreme events will continue. But,
he says extreme events become disasters only when people fail
to prepare for them. “Many of the remedies are well-known.
From a planning perspective, it’s pretty simple. Build better
buildings. Don’t build where the hazards will destroy them.

From an early-warning perspective, make sure the warnings go
right down to the community level. Build community action
plans. ” The World Meteorological Organization points to Cuba
and Bangladesh as examples of countries that have successfully
reduced the loss of life caused by natural disasters by taking
preventive action. It says tropical storms formerly claimed
dozens, if not hundreds of lives, each year, in Cuba. But, the
development of an early-warning system has reversed that trend.

In 2008, Cuba was hit by five successive hurricanes, but only
7 people were killed. Bangladesh also has achieved substantial
results. Major storm surges in 1970 and 1991 caused the deaths
of about 440,000 people. Through careful preparation, the death
toll from a super tropical storm in November 2007 was less than
3,500.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just
heard.

16. What is the talk mainly about

17. How can we stop extreme events from turning into disasters

18. What does the example of Cuba serve to show

试题解析

【话题分类】环境与发展

【文章大意】自然灾害的消极影响随处可见， 如果能采取适当的预防措
施， 就可避免一些不必要的损失。

16.【考核技能】文章大意

D) 【答案解析】通过第 17、18 题的选项可推测出本篇听力与自然灾害
有关，并且引用不同国家的例 子来说明采取预防措施的必要性。由此可
判断 D 是全文的概括，故选 D。

17.【考核技能】方式方法

B) 【答案解析】
原文提到： he says extreme events become disasters only when
people fail to prepare for them （只有人们没有做好准备时，这些
极端事件才会成为灾难） 。此句暗示 ： 如果有准备，就可避免遭遇自
然灾

害。由此可知 B 正确。

18.【考核技能】语义理解

A) 【答案解析】原文引用了古巴的例子，提到 ： The World
Meteorological Organization points to Cuba and Bangladesh as
examples of countries that have successfully reduced the loss
of life caused by natural disasters by taking preventive action
（世界气象组织引用古巴和孟加拉国的例子，指出这两个国家通过 采取
预防措施，成功地降低了由自然灾害引发的人员伤亡） 。由此可知 A
项是原文的同义转述。

Recording Two

【话题预测】根据选项中的 Obama，economy 可预测本篇文章与美国的
经济有关。

【正确答案】19—22 C B D D

听力原文

As US banks recovered with the help of the American government
and the American taxpayers, President Obama held meetings with
top bank executives, telling them it’s time to return the
favor. “The way I see it are banks now having greater
obligation to the goal of a wide recovery,” he said. But the
president may be giving the financial sector too much credit.
“It was in a free fall, and it was a very scary period.”
Economist Martin Neil Baily said.

After the failure of Lehman Brothers, many of the world’s
largest banks feared the worst as the collapse of the housing
bubble exposed in investments in risky loans. Although he says
the worst is over, Bailey says the banking crisis is not. More
than 130 US banks failed in 2009. He predicts high failure
rates for smaller, regional banks in 2010 as commercial real
estate loans come due. “So there may actually be a worsening
of credit availability to small and medium sized businesses in
the next year or so.” Analysts say the biggest problem is high
unemployment, which weakens demand and makes banks reluctant to
lend.

But US Bancorp chief Richard Davis sees the situation
differently. “We’re probably more optimistic than the experts
might be. With that in mind, we’re putting in everything we
can, lending is the core to our engine, so we want to make more
loans. We have to find a way to qualify more people and not put
ourselves at risks.”

While some economists predict continued recovery in the future,
Baily says the only certainty is that banks are unlikely to
make the same mistakes—twice. “You know, forecasting’s
become a very hazardous business so I don’t want to commit
myself too much. I don’t think we know exactly what’s going
to happen but it’s certainly possible that we could get very
slow growth over the next year or two.” If the economy starts
to shrink again, Baily says it would make a strong case for a
second stimulus—something the Obama administration hopes will
not be necessary.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just
heard.

19. What does President Obama hope the banks will do

20. What is Martin Neil Baily’s prediction about the financial
situation in the future

21. What does US Bancorp chief Richard Davis say about its
future operation

22. What does Martin Neil Baily think of a second stimulus to
the economy

试题解析

【话题分类】经济

【文章大 意】美国总统奥巴马认为银行有义务来帮助实现更大范围上的
经济复苏，地区性银行的破产率并未降低。 如果再次出现经济萎缩，就
需要经济刺激。

19. 【考核技能】语义理解

C) 【答案解析】原文提到 The way I see it are banks now having a
greater obligation to the goal of a wide recovery（我认为，银行
现在有更大的义务，须帮助实现经济的大面积复苏） 。C 项
contribute to 是 have an obligation to 的同义转述。

20.【考核技能】语义理解

B) 【答案解析】原文提到 He predicts high failure rates for
smaller, regional banks in 2010 as commercial real estate loans
come due（他预测，由于商业不动产贷款到期，小型地区性银行在 2010
年的破产概率会比较高） 。由此可知 B 项是原文的复述。

21.【考核技能】观点意见

D) 【答案解析】原文提到 lending is the core to our engine, so
we want to make more loans（借款是我们引擎的核心，所以我们想要
发放更多的贷款） 。由此可知 D 是原文的同义转述。

22.【考核技能】观点意见

D) 【答案解析】原文提到 If the economy starts to shrink again,
Baily says it would make a strong case for a second stimulus
（如果经济开始再次萎缩，贝利说这将亟需第二次经济刺激） 。D 是原
文的同义转述。

Recording Three

【话题预测】从选项中的 lifestyle，cognitive 可推测本篇文章与认
知能力相关。

【正确答案】23—25 A A C

听力原文

A new study has failed to find any conclusive evidence that
lifestyle changes can prevent cognitive decline in older adults.
Still there are good reasons to make positive changes in how we
live and what we eat as we age. Cognitive decline is the loss
of ability to learn new skills, or recall words, names, and
faces that is most common as we age. To reduce or avoid it,
researchers have examined the effect of smoking, diet, brain-
challenging games, exercise and other strategies. Researchers
at Duke University scrutinized more than 160 published studies
and found an absence of strong evidence that any of these
approaches can make a big difference.

Co-author James Burke helped design the study. “In the
observational studies we found that some of the B vitamins were
beneficial. Exercise, diet, cognitive stimulation showed some
positive effects, although the evidence was not so strong that
we could actually consider these firmly established.” Some
previous studies have suggested that challenging your brain
with mentally stimulating activities might help. And Burke says
that actually does seem to help, based on randomized studies—
the researcher’s gold standard. “Cognitive stimulation is one
of the areas where we did find some benefit. The exact type of
stimulation that an individual uses is not as important as
being intellectually engaged.” The expert review also found
insufficient evidence to recommend any drugs or dietary
supplements that could prevent or slow cognitive decline.
However, given that there is at least some evidence for
positive effects from some of these lifestyle changes, plus
other benefits apparently unrelated to cognitive decline, Burke
was willing to offer some recommendations.

“I think that by having people adopt a healthy lifestyle, both
from a medical standpoint as well as nutritional and cognitive
stimulation standpoint, we can reduce the incidence of
cognitive decline, which will be proof that these factors are,
in fact, important.” James Burke of Duke University is one of
the authors of a study reviewing previous research on cognitive
decline. The paper is published online by the Annals of
Internal Medicine.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just
heard.

23. According to the speaker, what might be a symptom of
cognitive decline in older adults

24. According to James Burke, what does seem to help reduce
cognitive decline

25. What did James Burke recommend to reduce the incidence of
cognitive decline

试题解析

【话题分类】健康

【文章大意】本文主要讲述老年人认知能力的下降，以及应对下降 的方
法，如锻炼、认知刺激、改变不良的生活习惯。

23.【考核技能】语义理解

A) 【答案解析】原文提到 Cognitive decline is the loss of
ability to learn new skills, or recall words, names, and faces
that is most common as we age（随着我们年龄的增长，最常见的认知
能力衰退是 学习新技能，或者回忆文字、名字和面孔的能力丧失） 。由
此可知 A 与原文所述相符。

24. 【考核技能】方式方法

A) 【答案解析】原文提到 Exercise, diet, cognitive stimulation
showed some positive effects（锻炼、规定饮食、认知刺激显示出一
些积极的效果） 。由此可知 A 是原文的重述。

25. 【考核技能】方式方法

C) 【答案解析】原文提到 I think that by having people adopt a
healthy lifestyle, both from a medical standpoint as well as
nutritional and cognitive stimulation standpoint, we can reduce
the incidence of cognitive decline （我认为，
< br>从医学角度以及营养和认知刺激角度来看，人们选择健康的生活方式，
就能降低认知能力衰退出现 的概率） 。由此可知 C 项“努力改掉不健
康的生活方式”符合题意。