阿照最新11规则航海英语听力与会话课文朗读文本资料讲课教案

2020年12月24日发(作者：祁英涛)




最新11规则航海英
语听力与会话课文朗
读文本资料





航海英语听力与会话
朗读(11规则)

































本书设计根据交际法教学原则，体现“以学生为主体”，
着重培养学生实际应用能力。Warm ing-up是与主题相关的
问题或任务，是交际法听说教学中的Pre- listening阶段，让
学生在进入主题学习前做好充分的准备；Reading Aloud是< br>作者精选的朗读内容，供学生锻炼语音语调，拓展语感；
Listening分为三部分，听力填 空、短对话和长对话。
Speaking也分为三部分，基于听力的会话任务、工作场所
会话和 主题陈述；Vocabulary Links是该主题的相关拓展词
汇。
全书共1 2个单元。第一单元船上日常用语、第二单元船
舶口令；第三单元引航业务；第四单元靠离泊作业；第五
单元装卸货业务；第六单元船舶航行；第七单元海上通
信；第八单元事故处理；第九单元海上救 生；第十单元船
舶保养；第十一单元港口国检查；第十二单元船舶保安。

Familiarisation on board
第一单元 船上日常用语
Passage 1
Ladies and gentlemen. This is your Captain speaking .I
have pleasure in informing you that all Safety equipment is
in full working order. The bow and stern doors are closed
and secured. The vessel is in all respects ready for sea.
Please listen carefully to the safety instructions which follow.
In the unlikely event of an emergency, please obey the
orders given on the public address system. Passengers are
requested to read all notes and leaflets concerning safety
regulations. All regulations concerning the vessel’s routine
have to be obeyed. Safety regulations do not permit
passengers to enter the following spaces:
: navigating bridge
: engine room
: manoeuvring areas at the front and back end of the
vessel
: cargo rooms and compartments
: service rooms
: all areas and spaces marked “Crew only”
: all closed, sealed or roped off areas, spaces and rooms
: car decks when the vessel is at sea

Answer the following questions according to the passage
you've read:
1. What is the Captain doing?
2. How should the passengers do in case of emergency?
3. Can you memorise all the spaces that safety regulations
do not permit passengers to enter?
Ship Orders
第二单元 船舶口令
Passage 2
All wheel orders given should be repeated by the
helmsman and the officer of the watch should ensure that
they are carried out correctly. All wheel orders should be
held until countermanded. The helmsman should report
immediately if the vessel does not answer the wheel. When
there is concern that the helmsman is inattentive, she should
be questioned:
respond: degrees.
watch requires a course to be steered by compass the
direction in which heshe wants the wheel turned should be
stated followed by each numeral being said separately
including zero. On receipt of an order to steer, the
helmsman should repeat it and bring the vessel round
steadily to the course ordered. When the vessel is steady on
the course ordered, the helmsman is to call out:
on…
helmsman's reply.
Answer the following questions according to the passage
you've read:
1. What is the main idea of this short passage?
2. What should the helmsman do if the vessel does not
answer the wheel?

Pilotage
第三单元 引航业务
Passage 3
The ship's agents will be informed by radio of the
estimated time of arrival so that a pilot and tugs may be
ordered and a berth arranged. When approaching the port,
the vessel should be flying her ensign, signal letters, G flag (I
require a pilot) and Q flag (my vessel is healthy, I request
free pratique ). As a matter of courtesy, it is usual to fly the
merchant ensign of the foreign country at the foremast head.
On arrival at the pilot boarding station, pilot ladder,
manropes, boat rope, heaving line and lights should be at
hand for use as necessary. The pilot on boarding will inform
the master of any special arrangement in force regarding
pratique or other matters and the vessel will then proceed to
the quarantine station.
Answer the following questions according to the
passage you've read:
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
2. What should you prepare when your vessel is ready
to receive pilot?

Berthing and Unberthing
第四单元 靠离泊作业
Passage 4
The widespread misuse of VHF channels at sea,
especially the distress, safety and calling Channel 16 and
channels used for port operations, ship movement services
and reporting systems, is giving concern. Often the misuse of
VHF channels causes serious interference to essential
communications and becomes a potential danger to safety at
sea. The proper use of VHF channels at sea makes an
important contribution to navigational safety.
It is important to realize that the transmission and
receiving range of VHF signals is limited, in theory, to line of
sight. This is because the radio waves of VHF do not morally
bend around the curvature of the earth. The range may be
affected to some degree by barometric pressure, high
pressure andor increased humidity which often gives
greater ranges than normally attained. Another significant
factor in determining range is, generally, the height above
sea level of the transmitting and receiving aerials.
Answer the following questions according to the
passage you've read:
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
2. What can cause the transmission and receiving range
of VHF signals greater?

Loading and Unloading
第五单元 装卸货业务
Passage 5
What is the main structure of a ship? The answer is the
hull. Within the hull are the tween decks or platform on
which the cargo rests. The uppermost platform or the upper
deck, covers the holds in which cargo is stowed. It is loaded
and discharged either by cranes on the quay or by the ship's
derricks. Derricks are operated by winches. The derricks
are fitted to masts which stand on the upper deck. The cargo
passes into or out of the holds through cargo hatches.
At sea, the captain and navigating officers control the
ship from the bridge. The front part of a ship is called the
bow and the rear part is the stern. The engine is fitted near
the bottom of the ship in the engine room. The engine drives
the propeller at the stern of the ship. The anchors and cables
and the windlass are located in the bows of the ship.
The right side of a ship facing the bow is called the
starboard side and the other side is the port side. The beam
is the greatest width of the ship. The draught is the depth of
the ship's bottom or keel below the water surface.
Answer the following questions according to the
passage you've read:
1. What equipment is used to load and discharge cargo?
2. Can you draw a sketch according to the passage?

Navigation
第六单元 船舶航行
Passage 6
Orders to the helmsman, who steers the ship, are given
by the officer of the watch. The officer orders the helmsman
to turn the wheel (or helm) to port or starboard and steady
the ship on the new compass course. It is stated as a compass
point. or in three-figure notation in degrees. The helmsman
repeats all orders given to him so that the officer knows that
his orders have been understood.
When the helmsman has completed his turn at the
wheel, he states clearly the course to be steered to the
relieving helmsman. He also repeats the course to the officer
of the watch when reporting that he has been relieved.
When the ship is on voyage, the wind and waves, as well
as the action of the propeller, tend to cause the direction in
which the ship heading to change. The helmsman, therefore,
must counter the swing of the ship by applying the rudder in
the reverse direction of that of the swing of the ship.
Question：
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
2. What should the helmsman completed his turn at the
wheel?
3. What can cause the ship change when the ship is on
voyage?






Communication at Sea
第七单元 海上通信
Passage 7
A VHF-transceiver (transmitter + receiver) transmits
and receives radio signals. The VHF is used to bridge short
distances, is easy to operate and is allowed to be used both in
territorial waters and inland waterways. Its receiver has a

radio, speaking and listening cannot be done simultaneously.
When you wish to speak, you push the button; when you
wish to listen, you release it. Before changing from speaking
to listening, you say
VHF radio- communication can bridge about 40 miles.
MF or HF radiotelephony is used to bridge 150 miles (MF)
t0 2000 miles (HF).
Reception of radio signals will not always be of high
quality, and coverage will not always ex-tend to the desired
areas. This may of course have consequences for the safety
of the vessel and her crew. These disadvantages of
communication through speech have led to the introduction
of Digital Selective Calling in maritime communication.
Answer the following questions according to the
passage you've read:
1. When is VHF used?
2. What does
3. What are the disadvantages of VHF as mentioned in
the passage?

Dealing with Piracy and Armed Attack at Sea
第八单元 事故处理
Passage 8
Piracy off the coast of Somalia has been a threat to
international shipping since the second phase of the Somali
Civil War in the early 21st century. Since 2005, many
international organizations, including the International
Maritime Organization and the World Food Programme,
have expressed concern over the rise in acts of piracy. Piracy
has impeded the delivery of shipments and increased
shipping expenses, costing an estimated ￡10 billion a year
in global trade.
Somali pirates have attacked hundreds of vessels in the
Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean region, though most attacks
do not result in a successful hijacking. In 2008, there were
111 attacks which included 42 successful hijackings.
However, this is only a fraction of the up to 30,000 merchant
vessels which pass through that area. The rate of attacks in
January and February 2009 was about 10 times higher than
during the same period in 2008 and
daily attacks in March
mid April. Most of these attacks occur in the Gulf of Aden
but the Somali pirates have been increasing their range and
have started attacking ships as far south as off the coast of
Kenya in the Indian Ocean.
In early May 2010, Russian special forces retook a
Russian oil tanker that had been hijacked by 11 pirates. One
died in the assault, and a week later Russian military
officials reported that the remainder were freed due to
weaknesses in international law but died before reaching the
Somali coast. On 11 May 2010 Somali pirates seized a
Bulgarian- flagged ship in the Gulf of Aden. The Panega,
with 15 Bulgarian crew members aboard, was en route from
the Red Sea to India or Pakistan. On 15 January 2011
thirteen Somali pirates seized the Samho Jewelry, a Maltese-
flagged chemical carrier operated by Samho Shipping,
650km southeast of Muscat.
Answer the following questions according to the
passage you've read.
1. What is this passage about?
2. What negative effects do the Somali pirates bring
forth?
3. Can you list an example of the hijacked vessels by the
pirates?

Rescue and Survival at Sea
第九单元 海上救生
Passage 9
Most fires are small to start with and can often be
extinguished by rapid application of a portable extinguisher
or other appliances. Where it is possible to do this without
risk of becoming trapped by flames or smoke, the person
discovering the fire should take such action AFTER sending
someone else to raise the alarm.
Greater caution is necessary where smoke is seen
passing a closed door. Opening the door could cause the fire
to flare up and spread rapidly making it impossible to close
the door again. This action should therefore be avoided
unless it is believed that there may be someone trapped
inside in which case the door should only be opened after
first feeling it make sure it is not hot, and then keeping low
and opening it very carefully. If the compartment is thought
to be unoccupied or if the door is hot, it is much safer to
keep it closed until the Emergency Squad are ready with
charged hoses.
Answer the following questions according to the
passage you've read:
1. When you see smoke coming out of a closed door, will
you open the door and check? Why or why not?
2. In what circumstances will you open the door?
3. Do you have a safer action?

Ship Repair and Maintenance
第十单元 船舶保养
Passage 10
There are safety and maintenance procedures for
chains and hooks. These procedures are as follows:
(1)Responsible personnel should inspect chains,
including the hooks, at least once a month. Chains that are
used for heavy and continuous loading require more
frequent inspections. Personnel must pay particular
attention to the small radius fillets at the neck of hooks for
any deviation from the original inner arc. Each link and
hook must be examined for small dents, cracks, sharp nicks
or cuts, worn surfaces, and distortions. Those that show any
of these weaknesses must he replaced.
(2)Hooks usually fail by straightening. Any deviation
from the original inner arc indicated that the hook has been
overloaded. Since evidence of overloading the hook is easily
detected, it is customary to use a hook weaker than the chain
to which it is attached. With this system, distortion of the
hook will occur before the chain is overloaded. Severely
distorted, cracked, or badly worn hooks are dangerous and
should be discarded.
Answer the following questions according to the
passage you've read:
1. What safety and maintenance procedures for chains
and hooks are introduced in the passage?
2. In what conditions should the hook be replaced?
3. What condition indicates the hook has been
overloaded?



PSC Inspection
第十一单元 港口国检查
Passage 11
Port State Control (PSC) is the inspection of foreign
ships in national ports to verify that the condition of the ship
and its equipment comply with the requirements of
international regulations and that the ship is manned and
operated in compliance with these rules.
Many of IMO's most important technical conventions
contain provisions for ships to be inspected when they visit
foreign ports to ensure that they meet IMO requirements.
These inspections were originally intended to be a back up to
flag State implementation, but experience has shown that
they can be extremely effective, especially if organized on a
regional basis. A ship going to a port in one country will
normally visit other countries in the region before
embarking on its return voyage and it is to everybody's
advantage if inspections can be closely coordinated.
This ensures that as many ships as possible are
inspected but at the same time prevents ships being delayed
by unnecessary inspections. The primary responsibility for
ships' standards rests with the flag State—but port State
control provides a
IMO has encouraged the establishment of regional port
State control organizations and agreements on port state
control—Memoranda of Understanding or MoUs—have
been signed covering all of the world's oceans, such as
Europe and the north Atlantic (Paris MoU) , Asia and the
Pacific (Tokyo MoU), etc.
Answer the following questions according to the
passage you've read:
1. What ships are targeted for PSC inspection?
2. Where is PSC inspection conducted?
3. Why is the regional cooperation important for PSC
inspection?

Ship Security
第十二单元 船舶保安
Passage 12
The International Ship and Port Facility Security Code
(ISPS Code) is a comprehensive set of measures to enhance
the security of ships and port facilities, developed in
response to the perceived threats to ships and port facilities
in the wake of the 911 attacks in the United States. The
ISPS Code is implemented through chapter XI-2 Special
measures to enhance maritime security in the International
Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) ,
Code has two parts, one mandatory and one
recommendatory.
In essence, the Code takes the approach that ensuring
the security of ships and port facilities is a risk management
activity and that, to determine what security measures are
appropriate, an assessment of the risks must be made in
each particular case. The purpose of the Code is Lo provide
a standardised, consistent framework for evaluating risk,
enabling Governments to offset changes in threat with
changes in vulnerability for ships and port facilities through
determination of appropriate security levels and
corresponding security measures.
Answer the following questions according to the
passage you've read:
1. How is ISPS code implemented?
2. How many parts are there in the ISPS code? What
are they?
3. What is the purpose of the ISPS code?