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作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-12-27 18:49
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关于励志的文章-bleachers

2020年12月27日发(作者:阮籍)
.
GRE词汇分类归纳
(一)归类词汇
一:与人身体部位有关的:
marrow 骨髓,精华
lobe 耳垂,(肺,肝等的)叶
incisor 门牙
molar 臼齿
saliva 口水
sinew 腱,力量
olfaction 嗅觉
skull颅骨, temple太阳穴, lid眼睑, cheek脸, chin下巴, mustache=
moustache髭, beard胡子、口鬃、鳃、芒, whisker络腮胡子, wrinkle皱纹,
mole黑痣、鼹鼠, freckle雀斑, acne粉刺, dimple酒窝, pimple脓疱, denture
假牙, gum齿龈、树脂、眼屎, throat喉咙, fauce咽喉,tonsil扁桃体, larynx
喉, (laryngitis), torso躯干, abdomen=belly=tummy(同义)腹部, navel脐,
waist腰部, hip臀部, buttock臀部, rib肋骨, skeleton骷髅, blood vessel血
管, vein静脉, artery动脉, capillary(大小)毛细管, organ人类的发音器官,
apparatus器官, gullet咽喉、海峡(同义), esophagus食道, stomach胃, gall
胆, kidney肾, bladder膀胱, pancreas胰(分泌), spleen脾, duodenum十
二指肠, smalllarge intestine达小肠, appendix盲肠(无用), palm手掌,
thumb大拇指,forefinger食指, middlethirdlittle finger, nail指甲, fist, wrist,
elbow, joint, ankle, heel, toe,
身体有关的形容词:
word
dorsal背部的
gastric 胃的
lingual 舌的,语言的,语言学家
intestine 肠,内部的
nasal 鼻子的
pectoral 胸的
ocular 眼睛的,视觉的
olfactory 嗅觉的

二:疾病
(炎症):inflammation炎症,ophthalm ic眼炎,encephalitis脑炎, mumps
腮腺炎,laryngitis喉炎, bronchitis支气管炎, dermatitis皮炎, neuritis神经
炎, pneumonia肺炎, gastritis胃炎, mastitis乳腺炎, nephritis肾炎, hepatitis
肝炎, arthritis关节炎,appendicitis 阑尾炎
(神经):
neurosis神经(机能)病,
psychosis精神病, derangement 狂热症, dipsomania嗜酒症,
kleptomania盗窃癖,
megalomania自大狂,
pyromania纵火狂(过分)
monomania 偏狂症
bibliomania 爱书癖
(血)leukemia白血病, hemophilia血友病, hemorrhage大出血(大), anemia
贫血(缺), scurvy坏血病
.
(恐惧症):(害怕)phobia恐惧症, cynophobia恐犬症, hydrophobia=rabies
狂犬症恐水症, andryphobia恐男症, gynophobia恐女症,claustrophobia
幽闭恐惧症
misogamy 厌婚症
(脑):
hysteria歇斯底里(不正常),过度兴奋
euphoria欣快症,
hypochondria忧郁症,臆想症
stupor昏迷, coma昏迷, dizzy眩晕< vertigo, concussion脑震荡, hypnosis
催眠状态,
insomnia失眠症,narcosis睡眠状态, dysphoria 烦躁不安
(其它):cardiopathy心脏病, tumor肿瘤, lump肿块, ailment小病, fracture
骨折, diabetes糖尿病, calculous结石, myopia近视, astigmatism散光,
measles麻疹, allergy过敏症,
leprosy麻疯病,
paralysis中风癫痫, addiction吸毒上瘾, plague瘟疫, contagion传染病,
spasm=convulsion=contraction=clo nus=cramp=fidge=jerkiness=vellicatio
n抽筋,pathog en病原体, automatism无意识行动, inaction=torpor有气无
力,an thrax炭疽,ulcer溃疡,amputate截肢,amnesia健忘症, aphasia失
语症, asthma哮喘, asphyxia窒息, anorexia厌食症, dyspepsia消化不良,
dyslexia阅读障碍, flatulence肠胃气涨, heliosis中暑
hypertension 高血压
idiopathy特发病,
idiosyncrasy 特殊癖性或行为
contagion 传染病 CONTAGION
automatism 无意识行动;梦游 AUTOMATISM
word
gastritis 胃炎 GASTRITIS
anoxia 缺氧症 ANOXIA
catatonic 紧张症的 CATATONIC
climacteric 更年期 CLIMACTERIC
daltonism 色盲;红绿色盲
myalgia 肌痛 MYALGIA
nyctalopia 夜盲症 NYCTALOPIA
oxyopia 视觉敏锐 OXYOPIA
zoster 带状疹子 ZOSTER
trauma 精神创伤;外伤 TRAUMA
arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化 ARTERIOSCLEROSIS
botulism 食物中毒 BOTULISM
canker 溃疡 CANKER
pumlonary 肺的;对肺有影响的
schizophrenia 精神分裂症 SCHIZOPHRENIA
sepsis 败血症;脓毒症 SEPSIS
suppruate (伤口)化脓 SUPPRUATE
typhoid 伤寒症 TYPHOID
astigmatism 散光 ASTIGMATISM
malnutrition 营养不良 MALNUTRITION

三:动植物
1.植物
almond杏树,杏仁, birch 桦树, cypress 杉柏, elm 榆树, eucalyptus 桉树,
laurel月桂,荣誉, maple枫树, oak橡树, pine松树,憔悴,渴望, sallow柳属植
.
物,淡黄的,苍白的, willow柳树, spruce云杉,整洁的, pecan山核桃, orchid兰
花,称赞, vanilla香草, hibiscus芙蓉属植物, carnation康乃馨,
chrysanthemum菊花, gardenia栀子花, balsam凤仙花,香脂, nettle寻麻,烦
扰,激恼, ginger姜,活力, fig无花果,一点点, rhubarb大黄,喧闹争吵, raisin葡
萄干, prune梅干, reed芦苇,簧片, resin树脂, (herbivorous,
carnivorous),violet紫罗兰, , cactus (cacti) 仙人掌, fern羊齿植物, frond 羊
齿、棕榈等的叶子, fungus(fungi)蘑菇, gnarl木节, flax亚麻, foliage叶子,
cone松果,圆锥体,
larch 落叶松
maize 玉米
palm 棕榈的,繁荣的
squash 压碎,南瓜
resin 树脂
2.动物:
动物
duck
dog


骡子

deer
pig




bull

mule
ram
buck美元,反对
boar
gander 闲逛 笨




mare
mare

ewe
doe
sow播种
goose

duckling

calf
fill小母马


lamb
fawn 奉承
piglet
gosling 年轻无知的人


fold

pen



kennel
corral
植物的某个部分:
husk 外壳,皮,荚
capsule 荚
petal 花瓣
植物群类:
flora植物群,
heliotrope向阳植物,
herbaceous草本植物的
liana 藤本植物
tare 莠草,杂草
shrub 灌木

形容词


equine

mulish







beef


venison

pork







flock

farrow一窝小猪
gaggle
叫声

bark



bleat



word
.
chick
cat


蜜蜂
狮子
老虎
天鹅




野兽
rooster

steer




swan闲逛,蜿蜒





hen

cow










chicken
kitten





cygnet
nestling 尚未离巢的小

larva


cub
coop

corral

hive忙碌之地
den, lair


roost 栖息,鸟巢



den 秘密相聚的地方,
lair躲藏之处

feline
felid
bovine迟钝的


leonine


avian aquiline 鹰的




















school






bleat


roar
roar

flock flinch雀科鸣禽 chirp warble颤音

pack

herd聚集
chirp
howl
hiss sibilant
growl

bumblebee, hound, vixen, sable, ferret雪貂,搜寻, badger, sloth, weasel,
magpie, lark百灵鸟,玩乐嬉戏, quail,
ostrich 鸵鸟,不接受现实的人
grouse松鸡,牢骚,诉苦, gull海鸥,欺骗, flounder比目鱼,挣扎, perch, mite,
locust, scorpion, wasp, tadpole, toad,(变态) vulture, walrus, condor, pullet,
pullus, skunk, whelp, hippopotamus河马, hippocampus海马, falcon猎鹰,
firefly萤火虫, gadfly牛虻,讨厌的人, gazelle瞪羚, gorilla大猩猩, halcyon神
翠鸟,平静的,愉快的, hawk隼鹰, hedgehog刺猬,
hack出租马车,乱劈乱砍,雇佣文人
mastodon 乳齿象
hummingbird 蜂鸟
jade 疲惫的老马,玉,翡翠
leopard 豹子
locust 蝗虫,贪吃的人
lark 云雀,嬉戏
magpie 鹊,饶舌的人
mammoth 猛犸象,巨大的
mermaid 美人鱼
word
.
microbe 微生物
microorganism 微生物,细菌
migrant 候鸟,移民
mite 螨虫,极小量
cockroach 蟑螂
ichthyic 鱼的
otter 水獭
octopus 章鱼
owl 猫头鹰
parasite 寄生虫,食客
plankton 浮游生物
rattle 响尾蛇
simian 猿的,猴的,类人猿
scorpion 蝎子
skunk 黄鼠狼
slug 蝓
terrapin 泥龟,水龟
urchin 海胆,顽童
vermin 害虫,寄生虫
venery 猎物
动物群类:
brood 一窝,孵化
fauna动物区系
invertebrate 无脊椎的(动物)
litter 垃圾,一窝动物
mammal 哺乳动物
word
marsupial 有袋动物
mollusk 软体动物
mongrel 杂种动物,混血儿
pachyderm 厚皮动物,厚脸皮的人
predator 食肉动物
reptile 爬行动物
reptilian 爬虫类的,卑下的
swarm 一群蜜蜂,一群人
动物皮毛器官:
hide兽皮
hoof 牛马的皮
fleece 生羊皮,羊毛,骗取
fell 兽皮,砍伐
ivory 象牙,长牙
quill (豪猪等动物的)刺
roe 鱼卵
动物的其他词:
herbivorous食草的, carnivorous食肉的
leash 系狗的绳子
molt换羽毛:fledge长羽毛
ecdysis 动物蜕皮,换羽毛
lasso(捕捉牛马用的)套索
mimicry 模仿,(动物等)拟态伪装
fancier 动植物爱好者,驯养者
spoor 野兽的足迹
howler 号叫的人或动物,滑稽可笑的错误
.

四:音乐
1.(各种)声音:
jarring声音刺耳的,
blare高声鸣叫
mellifluous 流畅优美的声音
raspy 刺耳的
muffled声音压低的: plangent轰鸣的
dulcet 美妙的
cacophonous 刺耳的
euphonious 声音悦耳的
strident 尖声的,刺耳的
grating 声音刺耳的
stentorian 声音极其洪亮的
piano 声音轻柔的
rattle 使格格作响,使慌乱
raucous 声音沙哑的,粗糙的
rotund 声音洪亮
rustle 轻而爽的声音
hoarse 嘶哑的
husky 声音沙哑的
jarring 声音刺耳的
orotund 声音洪亮的,夸张的
2. 乐器
carillon编钟,古琴
word
cello>viola>violin
percussion打击乐器
fiddle小提琴
harp 竖琴,喋喋不休的说或写
bassoon 低音管
cornet 短号;圆锥形蛋卷
tambourine 手鼓
trumpet 小号
baton 指挥棒
harpsichord 键琴(钢琴前身)
dulcimer 洋琴
percussion 敲击乐器 percussionist
3. 剧本
libretto 歌词,剧本
4. 乐曲形式
lullaby 摇篮曲
fantasia 幻想曲
capriccio 随想曲
concerto 协奏曲
serenade 小夜曲
ballad 歌谣,小曲
ditty 小曲,小调
sonata 奏鸣曲
symphony 交响乐
requiem 安魂弥撒

.
reverie 梦幻曲
moonlight 月光曲
madrigal 情歌,抒情短诗,合唱曲
fugue 赋格曲,朦胧的状态
pastiche 混合作品
medley 混合歌曲,混杂
rhapsody n.溢美之词,狂想曲
eclogue 田园诗,牧歌
excerpt 书、电影、乐曲等的节录
reprise 歌曲中的重复
phrase 乐句,短语
5. 戏剧形式:
burlesque 讽刺滑稽的戏曲
cantata 清唱剧
oratorio 清唱剧
melodrama小歌剧,情节剧
revue 时事讽刺剧
farce 闹剧
mime, pantomime 哑剧
skit 小喜剧
pageant 露天历史剧,壮观的游行
tango 探戈
pastiche 混合拼凑的作品
rendition 表演
opus 巨著,尤指音乐作品
6. 合唱团,乐队
word
choir 合唱团
chorus 合唱团
orchestra 管弦乐队
troupe 歌剧团,剧团
band 乐队
7. 其他
melody 旋律,歌曲
solo(aria) 独唱;独奏
duet 二重唱
trio 三重唱
quartet 四重唱
ensemble 大合唱
unison 齐奏
reprise重奏
note 音符
scale 音阶
gamut 全音阶,全部知识
movement 乐章
score 乐谱
overture 序曲
coda 尾声
prelude 序曲
finale 尾声
piano 轻柔的
forte 强音的
lento缓和的






prestoallegro急速的乐章,急速的
crescendo 渐强
decrescendo渐弱
diminuendo 渐弱
soprano 女高音
tenor 男高音
audition 试唱
rehearsal 排练
debut初次登台表演
premiere首次公演

五.诗文演说
诗文体裁
anthology 诗集,文集
doggerel 打油诗,歪诗
limerick 五行打油诗
paean 赞美诗,颂歌
sonnet 十四行诗
lyric 抒情诗
elegy 挽歌
诗文相关
bald 游吟诗人
preface 序言
canto (长诗)的篇
stanza (诗)节段
word

carol
idyll
ode
epic
madrigal
epic
dirge

poet
denouement
strophe

.
farewell performance告别演出
rendering演出,翻译
staccato断音的
maestro音乐大师
ballerina芭蕾舞女演员
minuet小舞步
repertoire 常备剧目
pirouette 脚尖立地旋转
timbre 音质

赞美诗,圣歌
田园诗
长诗,颂歌
史诗,赞美诗
抒情短诗
史诗,叙事诗
挽歌

诗人
小说结尾
诗节


论文演说
treatise
dissertation
diatribe
philippic
monologue
六. 工具奴才
工具
hoe
flail
tongs
screw
hoop
calipers
scythe
奴才
errand
retainer
factotum
word

论文
专题论文
抨击性论文
漫骂性演说
独白,个人长篇演说

锄头
连枷
钳子
螺丝
铁环
测径器
大镰刀

差事,差使
家臣,侍从
杂役

tirade
harangue
discourse
valedictorian
monograph

harrow
plough
blot
screw-driver
skew
compass


minion
servant

.

长篇攻击论文
长篇指责论文
演讲论述
告别演说
专题,论文

耙子

螺丝,栓子
起子,螺丝刀
烤肉棒
罗盘


奴才
仆人


七. 词性标点
preposition 介词
verb 动词
adjective 形容词
conjunction 连词
ellipsis … omission(word)
period . 句号 stop
Semicolon 分号
quotation
‘’ 引号 quotation
marks
apostrophe ’撇号 omission(letter)
hyphen 连字符号 join
八. 假的东西
bathetic(假作悲伤的),
dune, dummy 假人
ersatz 代用的, 假名
fabricate(捏造),
feign=sham=simulate(+模仿),
feint(佯攻),
word
interjection
noun
adverb
parenthesis,
bracket
comma
colon
exclamation
caret
asterisk

.
感叹词
名词
副词
( ) [] explanation
, 逗号 pause, separate
: 冒号 introduction
! 感叹号
^ 插入符号 insertion
星号omission(letter,
word), annotation

fictitious(+虚构的),
forge(伪造+打铁铺,锤炼),
forger, forgery, genteel(装作彬彬有礼的)
gild(虚饰)
hypocrite(伪善者、伪君子)
insincerity(伪善)
.
loaf(虚度光阴)
masquerade(伪装)
mendacity
perjury(作伪证)
pseudonym(假名), sanctimonious(假装神圣的), smarmy(虚情假意的),
smirk(假笑), snobbish(假充绅士), spurious, pseudoscience(伪科学), alias(化
名), denture(假牙), toupee(假发),
apocrypha伪经,
counterfeit伪钞,
quack 游医

charlatan 江湖郎中
mountebank 江湖郎中,骗子
placebo 假药(安慰剂)
malinger 假病
fulsomeness 假赞美
sophism 诡辩(reason)
bravado 假勇
astrology 占星术
alchemy炼金术
effigy 模拟像
九. 小东西
glitch
miff
bicker
tiff
trinket

小故障
小争吵
小争吵
小争吵
小珠宝





gadget
skirmish
spat
peccadillo
lapse
小工具
小争吵
小争论
小过失
失误
十. 山川地形
bog cant offshoot
marsh slant ramification
swamp incline tributary
mire inclination confluence
morass acclivity rapids
word
.
quagmire declivity
brook
oasis crag creek
delta precipice rivulet
estuary scarp
brink
ford
strand hummock
littoral knoll
shoal hillock

meadow gully
savanna ravinegulchgorge
moor canyon

mesa strait
plateau isthmus
tableland

puddle crater
devour volcano
notch
defile
detour 弯路

十一. 医疗和药品
word
stream
river
cascade
waterfall
eddy
swirlvortexwhirlpool
maelstrom
geyser
tarn
mere
cavity
cavern













.
1.医疗方法:
homeopathy顺势疗法
allopathy 对抗疗法
medicate 用药医治,加入药物
disinfectant(消毒剂), herbicide(除草剂), insecticide=pesticide(杀虫剂),
hypnotic=soporific=narcotic(催眠药), inhibitor(抑制剂), laxative(轻泻药),
palliative(缓释剂), placebo=sop(安慰品、泡过的食品)(安慰剂),
precipitant(沉淀剂), solvent(溶剂), preservative(防腐剂),
mesmerize 对…催眠,迷住
euthanasia 安乐死
2.止痛药
analgesic (消除、功用)
anodyne
bromide
painkiller
balm
3.伪药:
elixir
panacea
nostrum
placebo
4.阻止作用:
astringent
coagulant
hemostat
plaque
5.其他各种药:
antidote(解毒药), cathartic=purgative(泻药), laxative(轻泻药),
antiseptic=fungicide=germicide(杀菌剂), pasteurize(加热杀菌、消毒),
word
opiate 安眠药,鸦片
injection 注射,注射剂
lachrymator 催泪剂
latency 潜伏期
iodine 碘酒
insulin 胰岛素
leaven 发酵剂,改变,影响
ligature 止血的绑缚之物
anesthetic additive
depressant preservative
intoxicant desiccant
narcotic=hypnotic lubricant
sedative emollient
soporific irritant
tranquilizer=balm caustic
cordial catalyst
antibiotic(防止,消除,功用)
retardant
tonic
palliative

.
(二)同义词类
一.苛求:

四.胆汁
bile n.胆汁
exact, exacting, strict, demanding, carping,
particular, faultfinder, fussy,
captious adj.吹毛求疵的
cavil v.挑毛病,吹毛求疵
censorious adj.吹毛求疵的,苛求的
hypercritical adj.苛求的,吹毛求疵的
nitpick v.挑剔,吹毛求疵
perfectionist n.力求完美者,吹毛求疵者
quibble n.遁词,吹毛求疵的反对意见
niggle v.挑剔,吹毛求疵

二.毗连
abut v.接界,毗连
adjacent adj.接近的,毗连的
coterminous adj.毗连的,有共同边界的

三.无知
gosling n.小鹅,年轻无知的人
ignoramus n.无知者,笨蛋
ignorance n.无知
word
carp, dainty, fastidious, bilious adj.多胆汁的,坏脾气的
gall n.胆汁(bile),怨恨(hatred)

五.烤
barbecue n.烤肉架,烤肉
baste v.倒脂油于(烤肉上,以防烤干)
gridiron n.烤架,橄榄球场
grill v.烤,烤问n.烤架
parch v.烘烤,干热
scorch v.烤焦,烧焦
skewer n.(烤肉用的)串肉杆v.用杆串好
broil v.烤,烧

六.散漫
amorphous adj.无定形的,散漫的
desultory adj.不连贯的,散漫的
diffuse v.散布,(光等)漫射 Adj.漫射的,散漫的
discursive adj.散漫的,无层次的

七.放荡

.
debauch v.使放荡,堕落
debauchery n.放荡,沉缅酒色
dissipated adj.浪费的,放荡的
dissolute adj.放荡的,无节制的

十二. 不自然的、做作的:

affected, contrived, assumed, labored, mannered, pose, poseur, stilted,
raffish adj.轻浮的,放荡的

八.欺侮、吓唬:
bully, browbeat, deter, hector, menace,

九.残忍、凶残:
atrocious, cruel, brutalbrute, outrageous, barbarous, truculence, bestial,
callous, enormity(极恶、暴行), 极坏的:execrable, abominable, detestable,
feral, fell, ruffian, ruthless, savage, vicious(残酷的、危险的),

十.失望、懊恼:

chagrin, compunction, penitence, remorse, contrite, dejected, depressed,
disheartened, dampen, crestfallen, repentant, despondent, discomfit(使懊
恼、难堪), penitent, rue,

十一.憎恨:
abhor, animosity, animus, antipathy, aversion, repulse(拒绝), detest,
execrate, hostility, loathe, odium, odious, disgusting, offensive,
word

十三.慎重:
circumspect, chary, wary, condescending, cogitate(慎重思考),
conscientious(尽责的)=scrupulous(小心谨慎的), discreet,
prudent=provident=deliberate, modest, discretion, gingerly, measured,
punctilious, reflect(仔细考虑), reserve(缄默、谨慎), studied,

十四.渎职:
derelict, remiss, default(不履行义务的), (discharge履行责任, dutiful, ),
goldbrick(逃避责任、偷懒), malfeasance(+不法行为), malpractice,
malinger(装病逃避工作), graft

十五.沉着、镇静、冷静:
aplomb, assuredness, clinical, collected, composed, calm, self- possessed,
composure, tranquility, equanimity, dispassionate(冷静的,平心静气的),
imperturbable, impassive, levelheaded, phlegmatic, poise,

十六.沉思:
.
cerebral, brood, contemplate, deliberate, meditate, muse, ruminant,
speculate,

十七.冷淡:
aloof, alienate, disregard=oblivious(疏忽、漠视), distant(疏远,冷淡的),
estranged(疏远的、分开的、分离的), impassive, stolid, phlegmatic,
nonchalant, offish, phlegmatic, remiss(疏忽), snub,

十八.哄骗:
blandishment, cajolery, cajole, cozen, inveigle, wheedle,

十九.欺骗:
chisel, hoax, deceit, defraud, duplicity, fallacious, fraud, guile, =cunning(狡
猾), hoodwink, rig,

二十.净化:
catharsis, ablution, detergent, stigmatize,

二十一.赎罪:
expiate, redeem, 赎金:ransom, 赎回的:redemptive,
二十二.卑鄙的:
base, abject, degraded, despicable, despised, contemptible, mean,
word
reptile(卑鄙的人), ribald, scurrilous, rabble, scurvy, sordid, turpitude, vile,

二十三.肮脏的:
dingy, seamy, sordid, squalid,

二十四.厚颜无耻的:
effrontery, barefaced, shameless, blatant, brassy, brazen,

二十五.消灭、消除、废除:
annihilate, abstain(戒除)=eschew(避开+), disdain(缓和,消除敌意),
conclusive(消除怀疑), revoke, counteract, countermand(撤回命令,取消订
货), deracinate(根除,杜绝), eradicate, exterminate, extirpation, offset(抵消,
补偿), repeal(废除法律),

二十六.古怪的:
antic, fantastic, queer, antiquated, bizarre, grotesque, dispel, droll, erratic(反
复无常的+), outlandish, quaint,

二十七.陈腐的:
banal, insipid, stale, bathetic, eccentric, fusty, hackneyed, platitude, trite,
threadbare,

二十八.腐败的:
corrupt, immoral, venal, depraved, deterioration,

二十九.陈旧的:
.
antediluvian, primitive, decrepit,

三十.不新鲜的:
stuffy, septic

三十一.艳丽的、俗艳的:
flamboyant, extravagant, florid(华丽的), garish(过于), gaudy, meretricious=
tawdry(华而不实的+), raffish,

三十二.炫耀的:
flamboyant, flaunt, foppish, panache, ostentation, splurge, sport,

三十三.不成熟的:
callow, fledging, immature, cub(年轻无经验的人), green,
neophyte=novice=rookie(初学者,新手), uninitiated(外行的、缺乏经验的),

三十四.空洞的:
devoid, disembodied, fluffy, frothy, hollow, inane, jejune, tenuous, void,

三十五.贪婪的:
avaricious, greedy, grasping, rapacious, ravenous,

三十六.唯利是图的:
venal, mercenary

三十七.放荡的,无节制的:
word
dissolute, libertine, rakish,

三十八.营养的(饮食的):
alimentary, nutrition, nourish, nurture, nutrient, tonic,

三十九.瘦削的:
angular, emaciate, lank, macerate, peak, waste,

四十.虚弱的、无力的:
enervate, enfeeble, effete, feeble, flaccid, flaggy, debilitate(使衰弱), infirm,
puny,

四十一.鼓舞的:
invigoration, tonic, embolden, exhort(勉励、力劝), hortative, infuse, prod(激
励),

四十二.吸引人的:
alluring, charming, arresting, captivate, compelling, comely(动人的),
engaging, enthralling, entrancing, prepossessing, publicize, riveting(非常精
彩的), striking,

四十三.抱怨:
crab, complain, grumble, grievance, gripe, groan(呻吟,叹息), grouch,
grouse, moan, nag, querulous, fretful, repine,

四十四.委托:
.
consign(托运,托人管), delegate, entrust,

四十五.挖出:
disinter, unearth, excavate, gouge, exhume,

四十六.要塞、城堡:
fastness, stronghold, 壁垒、城墙:rampart, 护城河:fosse, moat,

四十七.裂缝、裂隙:
fissure, crack, gape, gash, hiatus 细裂缝, rent, interstice 细裂缝, rive 撕裂,
split 分裂

四十八.命令:
enjoin, commend, bidding, injunction, mandate,

四十九.肉体的:
somatic, corporal, corporeal, fleshly, carnal

五十(各种).说:articulate(clearly)= enunciate, babble(foolishly, excessively),
belabor(过分冗长地), gush(effusively), waffle(唠叨), harp(喋喋不休地说活
写), hem(吞吞吐吐地),blustering(大吵大闹),circumlocution(迂回地),
drawl(slowly), drivel(废话), drone(monotonous), eloquence(雄辩的),
loquacious(多话的), equivocation (模棱两可地、含糊地) =prevaricate(支吾
其词、说谎), mumble=slur(含糊不清地), mutter(咕哝), falter=stammer,
garrulity, glib(善辩的), hurl(大声叫骂), jabber(快而不清楚地), murmur(柔声
地),
word

五十一.(各种)笑:
chuckle(轻声地),chortle(高兴地),guffaw(哄笑), grin(咧嘴笑), simper(傻笑),
giggle(咯咯笑), smirk(假笑), jeer(嘲笑),jest 说笑,玩笑

五十二.(各种)走:
dodder=totter=lumber=lurch= stagger=wobble (to move shakily),
swagger(大摇大摆地), falter蹒跚,支吾的说, stumble, flounder(吃力地),
jog(慢而平静的), jolt(颠簸地), lamp(lamely跛行), plod=trudge(重步),
scuff(拖着脚走), trudge(跋涉),promenade(散步、开车兜风), ramble(漫步),
saunter=stroll(闲逛、漫步), stride(大步行走), inch(慢慢地), lope(轻快的步
伐,大步慢跑,跳跃), flip(轻快地掠过), gambol(雀跃), mince(小步, 切碎),
strut(趾高气扬地)
hobble 蹒跚,跛行
hover 翱翔,(人)徘徊
hie 疾走,催促

五十三.(各种)吃:
gluttonous,gobble (贪吃的), gorge=scoff(狼吞虎咽), guzzle(大吃大喝),
gourmand(嗜食者), nibble(一点点的咬), slurp(大声地啜喝),

五十四.困境:
stranded, quandary, predicament, dilemma, morass, plight
五十五.杂色:
pied, variegation, motley, mottled,

.
五十六.恶棍,无赖,流氓:
knave, ragamuffin, ruffian, rouge, larrikin, miscreant

五十七.专家,大师:
maven(内行), guru(宗教上的), maestro(音乐), savant(知识), virtuoso(艺术)

五十八.新手:

novice, rookie, tyro, neophyte

五十九.臭
bug n.臭虫,窃听器
fetid adj.(水等)有恶臭的
flagrant adj.臭的,恶名昭彰的
foul adj.恶臭的,邪恶的,v.弄脏 n.(体育等)犯规
malodorous adj.有臭味的、不合法的
noisome adj.恶臭的,令人不快的
notoriety n.臭名昭彰
notorious adj.臭名昭著的,著名的
putrid adj.腐臭的
skunk n.臭鼬,黄鼠狼
stench n.臭气,恶臭
stink v.n.发臭,臭味
word
rancid adj.不新鲜的,变味的
reek n. 臭气v.发臭气
stale adj.不新鲜的,陈腐的

六十.重要的点:
acme n.顶点,极点
apex n.顶点,最高点
apogee n.远地点(太阳等距离地球最远的点)
consummation n.达到极点,完成
contention n.争论,论点
cynosure n.注意的焦点
fulcrum n.杠杆支点,支柱
nadir n.最低点,无底
perigee n.近地点
purchase n.支点(阻止东西下滑)
spire n.(教堂)尖顶,尖塔,高点
vertex n.(三角形等)顶角,顶点
zenith n.天顶,极点
climacteric n 重要的转折点,危机期
summit n 顶点,最高阶层

六十一.废除
abolition n.废除,革除
abrogate v.废止,废除

.
desuetude n.废止,不用
relinquish v.放弃,废除 )
repeal v.废除(法律)
rescind v.废除,取消
pylon n.高压电线架,桥塔
guy n.(铁塔等的)支索,牵索

六十三.格言
revocable adj.可废除的
revocation n.废弃,取消
revoke v.废除,取消
defeasible adj 可以废除的
annul v.宣告无效,取消
invalid adj.无效力的
invalidate v.使无效力,证明无效
neutralize v.使无效,中和
nullify v.使无效,抵消
nullity n.无效,无兴趣
paralyze v.使瘫痪,使无效

六十二.阁楼
attic n.阁楼,顶楼
garret n.阁楼、顶楼小室
loft n.阁楼,顶楼
spire n.(教堂)尖顶,尖塔,高点
steeple n.尖塔,尖阁
minaret n.叫拜楼(伊斯兰教寺院的尖塔)
pinnacle n.尖塔,山峰
turret n.塔楼,角塔
word
adage n.格言,古训
aphorism n.格言(maxim)
dictum n.格言、声明
gnome n.地下宝藏的守护神,地精,格言
gnomic adj.格言的,精辟的
maxim n.格言,普遍真理
precept n.箴言,格言

六十四.即兴
extemporize v.即席演说(adj. extempory)
impromptu adj.即席的,即兴的
improvise v.即席而作(adj. improvised)
improvisation n.即席创作
ad-lib v. 即兴演唱,临时穿插,信口说出
extemporaneous a. 无准备的,即席的,临时的
offhand . 即时的,即席的,无准备的
unrehearsed adj. 未经预演的 n


六十五.谜

.
charades n.用动作等表演的字谜游戏
conundrum n.谜语(双关的谜)
rebus n.(以音、画等提示的)字谜,画谜
sphinx n.狮身人面像,谜一样的人
enigma n.谜,谜一样的人或事
enigmatic adj.神秘的,难解的

六十六.皮,壳,发,套
epidermis n.表皮,外皮
cuticle n.表皮
fell n.兽皮,v.砍伐
hide n.兽皮
rawhide n.(牛的)生皮
rind n(西瓜等)外皮
fleece n.生羊皮,羊毛
suede n.表面粗糙的软皮革
pelt n.毛皮.v.投掷,(雨)猛降
peel n.果皮(总称)
bark v.狗吠,n树皮
chaff n.谷物的皮壳,米糠
hull n.外壳,荚,船身
husk n.外壳,皮,荚
shuck n.(植物的)壳、夹,无用之物
integument n.(水果等)外壳,包在外面的皮
hypodermic adj.皮下注射的
word
subcutaneous a.皮下的
dermatology n.皮肤(病)学
exuviate n (蛇、蝉等)脱下的皮、壳
slough v.n.(蛇等)蜕皮,蜕壳
ecdysis n.(动物)蜕皮,换羽毛
molt v.脱毛,换羽毛
callow adj.(鸟)未生羽毛的,(人)未成熟的
fledged adj.羽毛长成的,成熟的(fledgling n.刚学飞的幼鸟,无经验的人)
full- fledged adj.羽毛丰满的,成熟的 5z&J?ed?U K,n;^ T7i
plumage n.羽毛
plume n.羽毛 v.整理羽毛,骚首弄姿v.整理羽毛,(人)打扮修饰
bristle n 硬毛 v 气势汹汹
down n.绒毛,汗毛
fluffy adj.有绒毛的,空洞的
hairy adj.毛发的,多毛的
hirsute adj.多毛的
ringlet n.卷发
toupee n.男用假发
tresses n.女人的长发
wig n.假发
falsie n 假发,假胡须
crustacean n.甲壳类动物
carapace n.(蟹或龟等的)甲壳
pachyderm n.厚皮动物,厚脸皮的人
parchment n.羊皮纸,羊皮纸手稿
scalp n.头皮,战利品v.击败

.
maul v.撕裂皮肉,伤害
excoriate v.撕去皮, 严厉批评
flay v.剥皮,诈取,严厉指责
decorticate v 剥…的皮
impermeable adj.不可渗透的,不透水的
impervious adj.不能渗透的,不为所动的
colander n.滤器,漏勺
leach v.分离,过滤掉
shear v.剪(羊毛),剪发
holster n.手枪皮套
mitten n.(四指套在一起姆指分开的)手套
scabbard n.(刀、剑)鞘,枪套
sheath n.(刀、剑)鞘、套

六十七.渗,滤
dilution n.稀释、渗水
infiltrate v.渗透,渗入
leakage n.渗漏,漏出
ooze v.慢慢地流,渗出,(勇气)逐渐消失
osmosis n.渗透,潜移默化
penetrate v.刺穿,渗入,了解
percolate v.过滤出,渗透
permeable adj.可渗透的
permeate v.扩散,渗透
porous adj.可渗透的,多孔的
seep v.(液体等)渗漏
soak v.浸泡,渗透
transude v 渗出
caulk v.填塞(隙缝)使不渗水
word
sieve n.筛,滤杓v.筛出、滤出
sift v.筛、过滤
sifter n.筛子
griddle n 筛子,大孔筛

六十八.浸透
douse v.把…浸入水中,用水泼
drenched adj.湿透的
soak v.浸泡,渗透
soaked adj.湿透的
sodden adj.浸透了的
soggy adj.湿透的,濡湿的
souse v.浸在水中,使湿透
steep v.浸泡,浸透
logged adj 笨重的,湿透的
immerse v.浸入,沉浸于
immersion n.沉入,浸入
macerate v.浸软,消瘦

六十九.偷盗
appropriate v.拨款,盗用
appropriation n.拨款,挪用公款
.
embezzle v.盗用,侵吞
embezzlement n.贪污,侵吞
graft v.嫁接,移植,n.贪污
peculate v.挪用(公款)
kleptomania n.盗窃癖
larceny n盗窃
pirate n.海盗,剽窃者v.盗印,掠夺
filch v.偷(不贵重的东西)
pilfer v.偷窃
purloin v.偷窃
rustler n.偷牛(马)贼
eavesdrop v.偷听,窃听
bug n.臭虫,窃听器
peek v.偷看
stowaway n.(藏于轮船,飞机中的)偷乘者
sneak v.鬼鬼祟祟而行,偷窃
burgle v.夜盗

七十.香
aroma n.芳香,香气
aromatic adj.芳香的
balm n.香油,药膏
balmy adj.(气候)温和的,芳香的
flavouring n.香料,调味品
incense n.香,香味v.激怒
odoriferous adj.有香味的,芳香的
word
perfume n.香味,香水
redolent adj.芬芳的 芳香的
scent n.气味,香气
vanilla n.香草,香子兰
musky a. 麝香的
fragrant a. 芬香的,馥郁的

七十一.小屋
beam n.(房屋等)大梁,光线
dome n.圆屋顶
eaves n.屋檐
hovel n.茅舍,肮脏的小屋
igloo n.冰屋
lodge v.住宿,存放 n.小屋
lodger n.寄宿人,房客
dislodge v.逐出,取出
masonry n.石工技术,石屋
shack n.简陋的小屋,棚屋
shanty n.简陋的小木屋
shingle n.木瓦,屋顶板
thatch n.茅草屋顶,茅草
hut n. 小屋,茅舍

七十二.学科
acoustics n.声学
aeronautics n.航空学
.
aesthetics n.美学
anthropology n.人类学
archaeology n.考古学
astrology n.占星学,占星术
bibliography n.文献学
botany n.植物学
cytology n.细胞学
demography n.人口统计,人口学
dermatology n.皮肤(病)学
dietetics n.饮食学,营养学
entomology n.昆虫学
ethnography n.人种学,人种论
etymology n.语源学
eugenic adj.优生(学)的
folklore n.民俗学,民间传说
gastronomy n.美食法,美食学
genetics n.遗传学
gerontology n.老人病学
histology n.组织学(研究细胞之学科)
horticulture n.园艺学
hygiene n.卫生学,卫生的
jurisprudence n.法律学,法学
linguistics n.语言学
logistics n.后勤学
metaphysics n.形而上学,玄学
mythology n.神话,神话学
word
neurology n.神经病学
numerology n.命理学
numismatic adj.钱币学的
obstetrics n.产科学,助产术
ornithology n.鸟类学
orthodontics n.畸齿矫正学
paleography n.古文字学
pathology n.病理学
pedagogy n.教育学,教学法
pediatrics 儿科
petrology n. 岩石学
pharmacology n.药理学,药物学
philology n.语文学,语言学
prosody n.诗体学,韵律学
psephology n.选举学
psychiatry n.精神病学
rhetoric n.修辞学,浮夸的言语
speleology n.洞穴学
taxonomy n.(动植物的)分类学
terminology n.术语,术语学
theology n.神学,宗教
topography n.地形学,地形
campanology n.钟学(研究铸钟及鸣钟术)
mycology n.真菌学
notation 游泳术
zymurgy酿造学

.
sorcery 巫术
sorcerer 巫师
herpetologist 爬行动物学家
homiletics 讲道术,说教术
irk v.使苦恼,厌烦
irksome adj.令人苦恼的,讨厌的
loathe v.憎恨,厌恶
loathsome adj.可憎的,令人作呕的
horology 测时法,钟表制造术
hygiene 卫生学
ichthyologist 鱼类学者
oncologist 肿瘤学家
ophthalmology 眼科学
optometrist 验光师
oratory 演讲术
paleontologist 古生物学家
phenomenology 现象学
pugilist 拳击师
stenography 速记法

七十三.厌恶
abhorrent adj.可恨的,可厌的
abominable adj.可厌的,天气极坏的
allergy n.过敏症,厌恶
allergic adj.过敏的,对…讨厌的
averse adj.厌恶的,反对的
bore v.n.钻孔,令人厌烦的人
disagreeable adj.讨厌的、乖戾的
exceptionable adj.引起反感的
hideous adj.讨厌的,丑恶的
word
nauseate v.使作呕,使厌恶
objection n.厌恶,反对
objectionable adj.
odious adj.可憎的,讨厌的
offensive adj.令人不快的,得罪人的
obnoxious adj.令人不愉快的,可憎的
pesky adj.讨厌的,烦人的
pest n.害虫,讨厌的人或物
plague n.瘟疫,讨厌的人或物v.烦扰
rebarbative adj.令人讨厌的,冒犯人的
repellent adj.令人厌恶的
repugnant adj.令人厌恶的
repulse v. n. 驱逐,击退,厌恶
repulsive adj.令人厌恶的,驱逐的
revolting adj.令人厌恶的
undesirable adj.令人不悦的,讨厌的

七十四.隐士
anchorite n.隐士
cloistered adj.隐居的
hermit n.隐士,修道者
hermitage n.隐居处


.
recluse n.隐士 v.隐居
retiring adj.隐居的,不喜社交的
retreat v.n.撤退,逃避,隐居 l
seclusive adj.好隐居的
sequester v.(使)隐退,隐居
solitary adj.孤独的 n.隐士
eremite n隐士,遁世修行的人

七十五.主义大全
altruism n.利他主义,不自私
asceticism n.禁欲主义
celibacy n.独身(主义)
Chauvinism n.沙文主义,盲目爱国主义
cynicism n.愤世嫉俗,犬儒主义
eclecticism n.折衷主义
empiricism n.经验主义
epicurean adj.好享乐的享乐主义的
exhibitionism n.风头主义
hedonism n.享乐主义,享乐
jingoism n.沙文主义,侵略主义
monasticism n.修道生活,禁欲主义
nihilism n.虚无主义,无政府主义
optimism n.乐观主义
patriotism n.爱国主义,爱国心
pragmatic adj.实际的,实用主义的
pragmatism n.实用主义
word
reciprocity n.互惠主义,相互利益
totalitarian adj.极权主义的
autism n.孤独症,自我中心主义


(三)词根词汇
一.toxic
detoxicate vt.除毒,解毒
intoxicate v.使醉,陶醉
intoxicant adj.醉人的 7T J*X
toxic adj.有毒的,中毒的

二.port
comport v.举止,行为
disport v.玩耍、嬉戏
purport n.意义,涵义
rapport n.和睦,意见一致
sport v.炫耀,卖弄

三.dict
dictate v.口述、命令
dictator n.独裁者
dictum n.格言、声明

.
四.ble
foible n.小缺点,小毛病
fumble v.摸索,搜寻
finable adj.应罚款的
friable a.易碎的

五.bble
babble v.说蠢话,牙牙学语
bubble v.起泡n.气泡,水泡
dabble v.涉足,浅赏
dribble v.(液体)往下滴,淌
gabble v.急促而不清楚地说
gobble v.贪婪地吃,吞没
hobble v.蹒跚,跛行
nibble v.一点点地咬,慢慢啃
pebble n.小卵石,石子
quibble n.遁词,吹毛求疵的反对意见
rabble n.乌合之众,暴民,下等人
rubble n.(一堆)碎石,瓦砾
scribble v.乱写、乱涂

六.ddle
addle v.使腐坏,使昏乱
cuddle v.n.搂抱,拥抱
huddle v.挤成一堆n.一堆人(杂物)
mollycoddle v.过份爱惜,娇惯 n.娇生惯养的人
word
muddle n.混乱,迷惑
puddle n.水坑,洼
saddle n.鞍,马鞍
twaddle n.胡说八道,瞎扯 5K E
waddle v.(鸭子等)摇摇摆摆地走
doddle n.轻而易举之事

七.pple
cripple n.跛子v.(使)残废
stipple v.点画,点描
supple adj伸屈自如的,灵活的
topple v.倾覆,推倒

八.ttle
belittle v.轻视,贬抑
guttle v.狼吞虎咽
mettle n.勇气,斗志
nettle n.荨麻v.烦忧,激恼
prattle v.闲聊,空谈
scuttle v.急赶、疾走,逃辟
scuttle n.舷窗、舱口盖
throttle v.掐脖子,扼杀n.节流阀
whittle v.削(木头),削减
tattle v.闲谈,泄密

九.zzle


.
drizzle v.n.下毛毛雨,毛毛雨
embezzle v.盗用,侵吞
guzzle v.大吃大喝
jigsaw puzzle n.拼图游戏
nuzzle v.用鼻擦,触,紧挨
razzle n.狂欢聚会

十.ee
apogee n.远地点(太阳等距离地球最远的点)
decree n.命令,法令v.颁布命令,公告
filigree n.金银丝做的工艺品
glee n.欢喜,高兴
jamboree n.快乐,喧闹的集会
lessee n.(房地产的)租户
levee n.防洪堤,堤岸
perigee n.近地点
referee n.裁判员,仲裁者
repartee n.机灵的回答
toupee n.男用假发
pedigree n.家谱,纯种系谱
puttee n.绑腿,裹腿
scree n.山坡上的碎石堆
twee adj.脆弱的,故作多情的

十一.grand
aggrandize v.增大,扩张
word
grandeur n.壮丽,伟大
grandiloquent adj(语言等)夸张的,夸大的
grandiose adj.浮夸的,夸大的
grandstand n.正面看台,哗众取宠的表演

十二.grav
aggravate v.加重,恶化
gravel n.碎石,砂砾
gravity n.严肃,一本正经

十三.
feckless adj.无目标无计划的
fickle adj.(爱情或友谊上)易变的,不坚定的

十四.fore
forebode v.预兆,凶兆
foreboding n.预感,预兆
foreclose v.排除,取消抵押品的赎回权
forensic adj.法庭的,辩论的
forerunner n.预兆,前兆,先驱
forestall v.先发制人,预先阻止
foreordain v.预先注定

十五.tilit
fertility n.肥沃,丰饶
futility n.无用,无益

.
hostility n.敌对状态,敌意
utilitarian adj.功利的,实利的

十六.germ
germane adj.有密切关系的,贴切的
germinate v.发芽,发展
gest(管道,带来)
congest v.充血,使拥挤
congestion n.充血,拥挤
gestation n.怀孕,孕育时期
gesticulate v.做手势表达
ingest v.咽下,吞下
suggestible adj.易受影响的
norm(标准,规范)
abnormal adj.不正常的,变态的
enormity n.极恶,暴行,巨大


(四)反义意群
一:顺从容忍VS顽固不服
1. 顺从容忍的:
amenable, amiable, complaisant, compliant, docile, obedient, responsive,
word
enormous adj.极大的,巨大的
norm n.规范,准则
normative adj.规范的,惯常的

十七.aunt
daunt v.使胆怯,使畏缩
dauntless adj.勇敢的,无畏的
undaunted adj.不屈不挠的,无畏的 )f
flaunt v.炫耀,张扬
gaunt adj.憔悴的,瘦削的
haunt v.常到,(鬼魂)出没。(事情)萦绕心头n.常去的地方
haunting adj.不易忘怀的
jaunt v.短程旅游
jaunty adj.愉快的,满足的
taunt v.嘲笑,讥笑
vaunt v.吹嘘,炫耀
submissive, tolerant, tractable, alacrity(n.), acquiescent,=connive(humor纵
容,迁就), willing, dutiful, meek, obeisance, pliant, resignation, submission(恭
顺), tractability,
2. 顽固不化的:
.
bigoted, bullheaded, closed-minded, contumacious, headstrong,
hidebound, incorrigible, indocile, intractable, intransigent, obstinate,
pigheaded, rebellious, recalcitrant, tenacious, unyielding, adamant,
inflexible, obdurate, dogged(顽强的), hidebound(顽固的、心胸狭窄的),
1. 动:
action, agitation, commotion, din, disturbance, ferment, fracas, fluster,
havoc, pandemonium, turmoil, upheaval, uproar, bedlam
2.静:
indurate, obstinacy, obsession(固执的念头), opinionate, pertinacious,
mulish, intransigent, recalcitrant, refractory(倔强的), restive, stubborn,
tenacity,
3. 违背、违抗:
defy, infraction(违法), infringe(侵害), insubordinate, transgress, violet,
contravene

二:促进激发VS阻碍抑制
1. 促进激发:
abet 支持, actuate, aid, assist 支持, catalyst, encourage, facilitate, foment,
foster, goad, hasten, hearten, ignite, incite, incubate, instigate, permit,
precipitate, urge, prod, provoke, promote, rankle, rouse, stir, spur, stimulate,
trigger, vitalize
2.阻碍抑制:
arrest, ban, check, curb, extinguish, encumber, forbid, forestall, frustrate,
hamper, hinder, impede, inhibit, obstruct, quell, rein, refrain, repress,
restrain, retard, scotch, squelch, stunt 特长,绝技, stifle 感到窒息, stymie,
subjugate, subdue, thwart, withhold

三:动VS静
word
calm, composure, dispassionate, equanimity, hush, impassive,
imperturbable, nonchalance, pacific, quiet, quiescence, sangfroid, serenity,
silence, tranquility, unflappable

四:分VS合
1.分:
break, breach, diverge, detach, disperse, dissipate, isolate, rend 猛拉,
scatter, separate, sunder
2.合:
accumulate, aggregate, agglomerate, amalgamate, coalesce, collect,
compound, concatenate, gather, group, nexus, nucleate, solder, unify, unite

五:多VS少
多:
affluent, bounteous, copious, glut(v.), plenty, prodigal, profuse, rife, scads,
spate, untold, voluminous
n. chunk, plethora, slew 旋转
少:
exiguous, limited, penurious, scarce, scant, scanty, sparse, needy,
impecunious, indigent, impoverished, parsimonious 吝啬的, penury 吝啬
.
n. dearth, iota, paucity, pinch, whit

六:批评(职责、斥责、谴责、辱骂)VS称赞
批评(轻):
admonish, chide, criticize, flak, reproach, reproof(n),reprove
批评(重):
berate, castigate, censure, chastise, condemn, denounce, diatribe(n),
excoriate, fulminate, impeach, impugn, invective(n), inveigh, lambaste,
obloquy, pan, scathe, rail, rebuke, reprehend, reprimand, reprobate, revile
辱骂、恶言相向, scold, upbraid, vituperate
accuse, blame, barb=stricture(严厉批评、谴责), decry, censure(责难), flak(高
射炮), harangue(长篇指责性演说), assail, assault, berate, castigate(惩治),
diatribe(口头或书面长篇猛烈)
称赞:
acclaim, applaud, commend, eulogize, exalt, glorify, laud, rave, tout,
accolade, adulation, encomium, approbation, orchid, plaudit, tribute,
glowing tribute, aggrandize, hail(致敬), applause, appreciate, celebrated,
commendable=meritorious, compliment, eulogy, extol, encomiast, glorify,
glowing, magnify, meritorious,
谄媚、奉承、拍马(的):adulate, flatter, court, blandishment, compliment,
cringing, grovel(摇尾乞怜), ingratiate, obsequious, toady,

七:肯定VS否定
肯定:
word
affirm, assert, attest, aver, avow, posit, proclaim, corroborate, prove,
substantiate, verify
否定:
controvert, deny, disclaim, gainsay, negate, repudiate, disprove, refute

八:忧郁VS快乐
忧郁悲伤的:
crestfallen, despondent, dispirited, doleful, dolesome, dolorous, downcast,
dyspeptic, gloomy, grouse, lamentable, lugubrious, maudlin, melancholy,
mirthless, morose, mournful, plaintive, stygian, affliction, agony, anguish,
distress, lament, deplore, grief, dismay, dismal, doldrums(情绪低落), doleful,
dolorous, dour(严厉的,脸色阴沉的), sullen, stubborn, droop, frustrate,
harrowing, irk, plangent(悲哀的), poignant(伤心的), somber,
快乐:
cheerful, ecstatic, exhilarating, exultant, facetious, frisky, frolicsome,
gaiety(n), gaily(adv), genial, halcyon(idyllic), jaunty, jocund, jovial,
lighthearted, mirthful, rejoice, sanguine, sprightly, vibrant

九:弯VS直
弯:
convoluted, circuitous, curving, devious, meandering, roundabout,
serpentine, sinuous, tortuous, twisting
直:
direct, forthright, straightforward, straight, undeviating, unswerving
.

十:清晰透明VS模糊不清
清晰透明:
clear, limpid, lucid, pellucid, transparent,(n)clarity, limpidity, lucency,
lucidity, transparence, transparency
模糊不清:
murky, opaque, obscure, turbid, vague, (v)obfuscate

十一:扩张放大VS收缩变小
扩张放大:
aggrandize, amplify, broaden, dilate, distend, expand, inflate, swell,
outspread, magnify, zoom out
收缩变小:
constrict, contract, condense, compress, deflate, shrink, pinch, diminish,
lessening, trade off, wane, fade, vanish, wax

十二:有利健康VS不利健康
有利健康:
healthful, hygienic, innocuous, salubrious, salutary, rosy, wholesome
不利健康:
debilitating, deleterious, detrimental, injurious, nocuous, noxious,
mischievous, lethal, pernicious, insalubrious, tainted, virulent

word
十三:持续长久VS短暂易逝
持续长久:
abidance, chronic, constant, enduring, gradual, lasting, incessant, perennial,
permanent, perpetual, persistent
短暂易逝:
evanescent, ephemeral, fleeting, fugacious, fugitive, interim, intermittent,
meteoric, sporadic, transient, transitory, volatility, elapse

十四:有礼得体VS无礼不当
有礼得体:
amiable, civil, congenial, decent, decorous, deferent, irreproachable, seemly
无礼不当:
brattish, bawdy, blatant, brazen, effrontery, impertinent, impudent,
indecorous, indign, insolent, gaffe, opprobrious, rude, scurrilous, scurvy,
unseemly,(n)asperity, impropriety, scurrilous, ribald,

十五:序言开场白VS结尾告别语
序言开场白:
beginning, commencement, foreword, greeting, introduction, outset,
overture, preface, prelude, preamble, prologue
结尾告别语:
conclude, coda, cessation, epilogue, finale, termination, valediction, adieu,
upshot,
.

十六:大VS小
大:
bull, colossal, elephantine, enormous, gargantuan, gigantic, huge, immense,
mammoth, prodigious, tremendous, titanic
小:
diminutive, microscopic, minuscule, minute, piddling, paltry, slight, trivial,
tiny, measly, meager

十七:恰当相关VS外在无关
恰当相关:
apposite, appropriate拨款,盗用, apropos, apt, cognate, felicitous, germane,
intrinsic, pertinent, related, relevant
内在的:
immanent
外在无关:
alien, extraneous, extrinsic, foreign, impertinent粗鲁的, irrelevant,
immaterial非实体的

十八:脱水VS加水
脱水:
desiccate, dehydrate, deplete, drain, dry, evaporate, parch, sear
加水:
word
drench, douse, dabble, hydrate, reconstitute, saturate, souse, steep

十九:虚假VS真实
虚假:
apocryphal, bogus, deceptive, dissembling, fraudulent, feigned, fictitious,
mendacious, prevaricated, pseudo, spurious, falsehood, falsity, phoniness,
pretense
真实:
authenticated, candid, genuine, truthful, unfeigned, valid, sincerity, sooth,
troth, verity

二十:整洁干净VS肮脏邋遢
整洁干净:
aseptic, natty, neat, pristine, spruce, tide, unspotted,(n)trimness
肮脏邋遢:
contaminated, dowdy, maculated, shabby, slipshod, sloppy, slovenly,
squalid, tainted, unkempt, (n)squalor, sluttery
二十一:平息抚慰VS刺激激怒
平息抚慰:
allay, lull, moderate, pacify, placate, propitiate, reconcile, relieve, ensconce,
soothe, placate, comfort, ease, lighten
alleviate v.缓和,减轻
assuage v.缓和,减轻
.
cushion n.坐垫 v.减轻,缓和
mitigate v.减轻,缓和
palliate v.减轻(痛苦),掩饰(罪行)
palliation n.减轻,缓和
salve n.药膏,v.减轻,缓和
appease v.使平静,安抚
conciliate v.安抚,调和
conciliation n.安慰,安抚
console v.安慰,抚慰
consolation n.安慰,慰藉
mollify v.安慰,安抚
reassure v.使安心,安慰
reassurance n.安慰(的话),放心
solace n.安慰.慰藉
allay v. 使镇静,使缓和
soothe v. 缓和,使安静,安慰
刺激激怒:
agitate, annoy, antagonize, bother, disturb, grate, harass, harrow, irk, nag,
perturb, pique, rankle, rouse, rile, roil, unsettling, fillip, rile, exasperate,
bait(逗弄), bile, provoke, enflame, enrage, exasperate, vex, incense(香味),
inflame, infuriate, fury=rage(狂怒), ire, fretful, nettle, pique, provoke,
rampage(暴怒), resent, scowl(怒视)
脾气不好、暴躁:
crouch, inclement, cantankerous, argumentative, aspire, ill-nature, choleric,
combustible(易激动的), contentions(好争吵的,好争辩的), disagreeable(讨
厌的、乖戾的), fractious(易怒的、好争吵的), fret, grate, petulant,
word
pugnacious=scrappy(好斗的), surly, testiness, ticklish(易怒), testy
bilious adj.多胆汁的,坏脾气的 a.易怒的,暴躁的
churlish adj.脾气暴躁的
crabbed adj.暴躁的
curmudgeon n.脾气暴躁之人
grumpy adj.脾气暴躁的
huffy adj.愤怒的,暴躁的
peppery adj.胡椒味的,暴躁的
petulant adj.性急的,暴躁的
testy adj.性急的,暴躁的
cantankerous adj.脾气坏的,好争吵的
fractious adj.(脾气)易怒的,好争吵的
inflammable adj.可燃的,易激怒的
irascible adj.易发怒的
irate a.发怒的.
irritable adj.易怒的,易受刺激的
irritate v.激怒,刺激
liverish adj.患病的(尤指暴食所至),易怒的
pettish adj.易怒的,使性子的
peevish adj.坏脾气的,易怒的
pique n.v(因自尊心受伤害而导致的)不悦、愤怒
rage n.盛怒,极怒
rampage v.狂暴地乱冲,n.暴怒
spleenish adj.脾气坏的,易怒的
splenetic adj.脾气暴的,易怒的
tantrum n.勃然大怒,脾气发作
.
umbrage n.不快,愤怒
waspish adj.易怒的,尖刻的
wrath n.愤怒,大怒
apoplectic adj 中风的,易怒的
morose adj.脾气坏的,不高兴的
snappish adj.脾气暴躁的
surly adj 脾气暴躁的,阴沉的
touchy adj.敏感的,易发脾气的
ill- tempered a. 脾气暴躁的
bad-tempered a. 脾气不好的
short-tempered a. 脾气坏的,易怒的

二十二:轻浮VS严肃
轻浮:
giddy, frivolous, levity, skittish, flightiness, triviality, flibbertigibbet, droll
严肃:
harshness, serious, grave, solemnity, earnest, sobriety

二十三:谦逊VS自大
谦逊:
condescend, humbleness, modesty, self- effacement, submission, humility,
unassuming, unassertive, meek, humble, unobtrusive, methodical,
meticulous,
自大:
word
panache, imperious, insolence, bloated, supercilious, bigheaded,
self-esteem, presumptuous, overbearing, vaunting, lofty, arrogance,
overbearing, haughty, hauteur, bumptious, conceit, complacent,
consequential, self-important, highbrow(自以为文化修养很高的人),
hubris(过分自傲、目中无人), bumptious, pompous, pontifical(自以为是的、
武断的), pretension=smug(自命不凡), vain,
专横、不理智:
arbitrary, discretionary, despotic, dictatorial, autocratic, despotic, tyrannical,
overbearing, peremptory, presumption, presumptuous, riotous,

二十四:尊敬崇拜VS讥讽诽谤
尊敬:
deference, revere, esteem, regard, look up to, venerability, worship, honor,
obeisant, estimable, hallow, venerate,
崇拜:
adore, cult, worship, deify, idolize, devotional, allegiance, homage, lionize,
讥讽:
jape at, jeer, jibe, mordant, sneer, snide, spoof, tease, taunt, chaffing, wry,
quib, sarcasm, scorn, derision, disdain
诽谤:
contempt, persiflage, evil speaking, denigrate, desecrate, disparage,
despise, derogate, detraction, defile
calumny n.诽谤,中伤
calumniate v.诽谤,中伤
defame v.诽谤,中伤
.
defamatory adj.诽谤的
denigrate v.污蔑,诽谤
derogate v.贬低,诽谤
derogatory adj.不敬的,诽谤的
libel v.n.(文字)诽谤,中伤
libellous adj.诽谤的
malign v.诽谤,中伤 adj.邪恶的
personalities n.诽谤
scandal n.丑闻,恶意诽谤
scandalous adj.丢脸的,诽谤性的
slanderous adj.诽谤的,中伤的
traduce v.中伤,诽谤
vilify v.辱骂,诽谤
besmirch v.诽谤,玷污
aspersion n.诽谤,中伤
轻蔑:
scorn(轻蔑拒绝), disdain, belittle(贬抑、轻蔑), contempt, contemptible,
despicable, contemptuous, deprecate, depreciate, despise, flout, indignity,
slight, sneer, underrate, flout蔑视,违抗
贬低、贬损:
debase, demean, decry, denounce, disparage, depreciate, derogate,
downplay, epithet(贬低人的形容词或短语), pejorative,
渎神、亵渎、玷污:
blasphemy, profane, contemptuous, blemish, defile, desecrate, sacrilege,
stain,

word
二十五:加强VS减弱
加强:
intensify, strengthen, enhance, reinforce, potentiate, undergird, fortify,
invigorate, wax, hardy,
减弱:
abate, debilitate, enervate, enfeeble, slack, weaken, bate, subside, wane,
attenuate, flag, infirm, tender, feeble, lassitude,

二十六: 大胆愚勇VS胆小害怕
大胆的、愚勇的、鲁莽的:
audacious, fearless, brash(性急的、无礼的), flippant, brassy, insolent, brazen,
impudent, brusque, daredevil, churlish(粗野的), crass(愚钝的,粗糙的),
cursory(粗略的、草率的), bold, gross(粗野的), headlong(轻率的、迅猛的),
levity(轻率), impertinence, impetuous, imprudent, impudent, impolitic,
insolent, liberty(随意、冒失), loutish, perfunctory, precipitate, dauntless,
stouthearted, slipshod(草率的、马虎的), temerity,
勇敢的:
valorous, valiant, gallant, intrepid, mettle=nerve=pluck(勇气), prowess,
胆小的、畏缩(的)、害怕:
gutter, coward, dishearten, dismay, apprehensive, formidable(可怕的),
cowardice n.胆小,懦弱
craven adj.懦弱的,畏缩的
gutless adj.没有勇气的,懦怯的
poltroon n.懦夫
.
pusillanimous adj.懦弱的,胆小的
recreant n.懦夫,叛徒 adj.胆怯的
spineless adj.没骨气的,懦弱的
dastard adj 懦夫,胆小的人
bashful adj.害羞的,羞怯的 }4k7D!K F W
nerveless adj.无力的,无勇气的
tremulous adj.颤动的,不安的
timid adj. 胆小的,羞怯的
timorous adj.胆小的,胆怯的
eerie adj 胆怯的,引起恐惧的
boggle v.畏缩不前,不敢想像
cower v.畏缩,蜷缩
cringe v.畏缩,谄媚,奉承
daunt v.使胆怯,使畏缩
flinch v.畏缩,退缩
recoil v.退却,退缩
quail v.畏惧,颤抖
wince v.避开,畏缩
milksop n. 懦弱的人
惊骇,恐怖:
appall, dread(ful), apprehend, awe- inspiring, cow, dire, miserable, duress(胁
迫) =intimidate=compulsion, grisly, macabre, minatory,
redoubtable=formidable(可敬畏的), trepidation,

二十七: 神秘隐藏VS明显公开
word
神秘的、秘密的:
arcane, clandestine, closet, confidential, convert, cryptic, esoteric, furtive,
surreptitious, stolid, clam(守秘密的人), conclave(秘密会议), furtive,
hermetic(密封地), hoard(贮藏、秘藏), inscrutable, unfathomable, enigmatic,
lair(躲藏处), nostrum, occult, runic, sneaking, snitch(告密,偷), uncanny,
明显的:
appreciable, apparent, blatant, conspicuous, perceptible, intelligible(可了解
的、清晰的), manifest, marked, notable, palpable, patent,
phenomenal=prominent(显著的,非凡的), pronounce, salient, striking,

二十八 节俭吝啬VS大方挥霍
贫困的、贫穷的:
needy, want, impecunious(身无分文), indigent, barren, destitution,
impoverish, indigence, meager, pauper, penury, privation, sterile,
节俭的,节制的:
abstemious, temperate, abstentious, frugality, husbandry, provident, thrifty,
sobriety, sparing,
吝啬的:
stint, grudge, parsimony, skimp, miserliness, niggard, scrimp, miserly
慷慨的,大方的:
generosity, largesse, liberality, magnanimous, munificence, ungrudging,
unstinting
挥霍,奢侈:
extravagance, lavish, luxurious, plush, prodigal, profligate, squander,
sumptuous, sybarite,
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