张柏芝档案第1至第5单元全新版大学英语综合教程3(第二版)课后习题答案-全册

2020年12月30日发(作者：吴仪)
UNIT 1
Vocabulary
I.
1.
1) on balance 5) illustrated 9) involved
2) resist 6) budget 10) economic
3) haul 7) lowering 11) blasting
4) wicked 8) boundary 12) just about
2.
1)cut back down 2) pick up 3) get by 4) get through
5)face up to 6) turn in 7) making up for 8) think up
3.
1) pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy
2) often generate misleading thoughts
3) attach great importance to combining theory with practice in our work
4) be suspected of doing everything for money
5) before he gets through life
4.
1) their indoor, a profit, to invest in
2) device, the improvement, on a global scale
3) stacked, temptation, never dined out
II Confusable Words
1. 1) house 2) Home 3) home, family 4) household
2. 1) doubt 2) suspect 3) doubted 4) suspected 5) suspect
III. Word Formation
1) rise 2) final 3) regular 4) cash 5) hows, whys
6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9) lower 10) search
Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
1. Text-related
1) get by 2) temptation 3) get through 4) improvements
5) aside from 6) suspect 7) supplement 8) profit
9) stacking
2. (Theme-related)
1) replaced 2) consider 3) quit 4) world 5) tough
6) fuels 7) provide 8) luxuries 9) balance 10) ideal
II. Translation
1. We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor.
2. My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took
over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point.
3. The toys have to meet strict tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children.
4. Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of
news and opinion.
5. When it comes to this magazine, it is carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and
magazines around the world.
A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position
and opened set up a household device store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the
decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives.
But, to run a small business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady
income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expense. Sometimes she did not even have the
money to pay the premium for the various kinds of insurance she needed.
Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is
determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life.
UNIT 2
Vocabulary
I.
1.
1) decades 5) slender 9) on the side
2) historic 6) web 10) authorized
3) imposed 7) bade 11) terminal
4) religious 8) site 12) make the best of
2.
1) went through 2) stood up for 3) laid down 4) take on
5) let (us) down 6) draw on 7) fall into 8) pass for
3.
1) The Europeans are fully confident that the Americans will not be able to justify their
measures to protect the struggling American steel industry.
2) Clinton is, in the eyes of Joe Klein, staff writer of the New Yorker and author of The Natural,
the most talented politician of his generation and the most compelling.
3) There's not much you can do if people are really intent on destroying themselves with
drugs.
4) A different experience of the world could forge a completely different approach to life.
5) It is our conviction that cloning of human beings is bound to cause many ethical and social
problems in the long run.

4.
1) As for, do not compel, capture of, have forged
2) At huge risk, the mission, shelter
3) who abolished, In the eyes of, racial

II. Words with Multiple Meanings
1. I'll tell you in a minute how I have attained the genuine sense of belonging in
America, but first let me hear about your French trip.
2. Most McDonald's look almost the same on the outside, but actually there are
about 16 differ?ent basic designs.
3. Loaning money from the banks is but one of the methods we can use to get
through a financial crisis.
4. This second-hand car has been nothing but trouble; it's always breaking down.
5. In your resume you've mentioned everything but one vital point.
6. Our technicians have discovered a simple but effective solution to the problem.
7. I am sorry, but I think you shouldn't have lingered on over coffee and missed the
last bus..
8. The bankruptcy of the company was not caused by evil, but by simple ignorance
III. Usage
1) lonely 2)friendly 3) weekly, monthly 4)lovely
5) cowardly 6)kindly saintly 7) lively 8)motherly
Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
1. Text-related
1)forged 2) stand up 3) compelled 4)convictions 5)mission
6)abolish 7) intent on 8) risk 9)in the eyes of 10)threats
2. (Theme-related)
1) assistance 2) involved 3) estimated 4)coincidence 5)emerged
6) referred 7) numerous 8) stationed 9)concern 10)capture

II. Translation
1. Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still
confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis.
2. Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished
village and move to the new settlement.
3. According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to
consider buying products shown in TV commercials.
4. Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old
man reported to the police at once.
5. Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically
modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in
the developing world.
Shortly after he achieved freedom Henson became intent on assisting fugitive slaves. He secretly
returned to the United States from Canada several times to help others to travel the Underground
Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson
when they were on the run. He disguised them and successfully avoided capture. Later he built a
small settlement in Dresden in Canada for escaped slaves, setting up a chapel and a school. He
held to the conviction that slavery would be abolished, and the day was bound to come when
racial discrimination no longer existed.
UNIT 3
Vocabulary
I.
1.1) threatens 2) by a small margin 3)civilize 4)closed up 5)wandered 6)
paste 7) without so much as 8) sideways
9) hook up to 10) universal 11) chart 12) Bathed in
2. 1)narrowed down 2)looked back on 3)cut off 4)fit into
5)wear(the other) down 6)lies in 7)put up 8)stand for
3. 1)...which is likely to make people vulnerable to asthma has been found by researchers at the
Department of Clinical Medicine in Oxford.
2)...with mirrored doors had to be built in so as to make their small bedroom look larger.
3)...feature the space shuttle Challenger blowing up in January 1986--- killing all seven crew.
4)...threatened to keep the pupils in after school, they were quieted at once.
5)... are a major barrier to the country's economic growth due to the fact thatbecause
imported oil has absorbed 40% of its foreign exchange.
4. 1) looked back on atmosphereurban life
2)era hooked up to the the electronic
3) the suburb a sophisticated system analyze make errors
II. 1) away 2)insidein 3)forwardthrough 4)back
5)off 6)home 7) back down 8)in...out
III. 1) Internet is not such an unusual word as it used to be
2) Most men do not look unattractive in them
3) Wealthy as she is, she is not unconcerned by her sudden unemployment
4) The claim is not unrealistic in view of a sharp decrease in the city's violent crimes.
5)His poor health is not unrelated to his unhealthy way of life.
Comprehensive Exercises
1. Cloze
1. 1) Statistics 2)rural 3)era 4)stood for 5)on the latch
6)vulnerable 7)barrier 8)electronic 9)reflection 10)civilized
2. 1) together 2)liable 3)shift 4)electric 5)cautious
6)sophisticated 7)thieves 8)break 9)chances 10)signs
II. Translation
1.1) The Internet is changing the way people live, (no matter) whether they are in urban or rural
areas.
2)Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic
crisis than large ones.
3) With regard to our term paper, the professor asked us to analyze the unemployment chart
first, and then provide critical reflections on the nations economic development.
4)It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a large margin.
5) Looking back on my twenty years' teaching in high school, I attribute my success to patience,
talent, and the constant pursuit of knowledge.
2. It is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out. All you can do is discourage him for a
few minutes. Thus exposing him to police patrols. Common sense tells us that lighting is a barrier
to criminal activity. A light should be fixed in the doorway and switched on at night. Make
sureAssure yourself that you don't leave the door on the latch if you happen to be the last to
come in. If you decide to buy a sophisticated electronic alarm system, be sure to ask for its signs
and put them up on both windows and doors. In addition you may have it hooked up to a police
station.
UNIT 4
Vocabulary
I.
1.1) accordingly 2) loose 3) concentration 4)stimulating 5) fabric 6)if
anything 7) reality 8) intuition
9) trifle 10) at the turn of the century 11) mess
12) undermine
2. 1) approve of 2) slow down 3) taken in 4) sucked into
5) set apart 6) dozed off 7)call forth 8)stretch into
9) keep up with 10)believe in
3. 1)...provided inspiration for many artists and musicians over the decades.
2)...is credited to his powers of imagination
3)...on the foundations of an agricultural revolution
4)...not to make any complaints in the presence of the nurse.
5)...the outbreak of the Second World War.
4. 1) flawcame to the conclusionwould get nowhere
2) in a rowdozed offa mess of
3) outbreak of has undermined has strained
II. 1)With Christmas only a week away
2) With his physical condition improving day by day
3) With our GDP growing steadily
4) With all the shops closed
5) with her eyes closed
6) With the fog lifting during the night
III. 1) likeas 2) as 3) like 4) likeas
5) aslike 6) as 7)like 8) as
Comprehensive Exercises
1. Cloze
1. 1) caution 2) came to the conclusion that 3)never get anywhere
4)undermining 5) not givecare a fig 6) flaw
7) beyond any doubt 8)foundation 9)remarkableimpressive
10) imagination
2. 1) extent 2)inventions 3)bet 4)manages 5)vision
6)eventually 7)achievement 8)poverty 9) utilized 10)breakthrough
II. Translation
1.1) The volunteers sentassigned by the Red Cross disinfected, with great caution, the drinking
water in the village so as to avoid an outbreak of plague.
2)Einstein spent many years trying to unify the theories of electromagnetism and gravity but
failed.
3)Professor Wang receivedwon the Presidential Award for his excellence in stimulating
students' creative imagination.
4) As there were some major design flaws, the board of directors didn't approve of the economic
stimulus package.
5) Having realized that nobody could help him, Jordan finally came to the conclusion that he had
to face reality and take upmeet the challenge by himself.
2. What was remarkable about 2005 was perhaps that the UN declared it World Year of
Physics
his death. In 1905 Einstein published five highly important essays in the history of science, thus
revolutionizing physics. His great achievements can be credited to his impressive powers of
imagination, constant questioning, and not giving a fig for authority. It is beyond doubt that
Einstein was the greatest scientist in the 20th century.
Unit 5 Giving Thanks
Text A
Content Questions
1. He wrote them on a ship on the way to the island of Tulagi in the South Pacific on
Thanksgiving Day, 1943.
2. Preparing a traditional Thanksgiving dinner featuring roast turkey made the writer extremely
busy.
3. The writer was thinking about Thanksgiving.
4. He decided to write letters to show gratitude to those who had helped him in his life.
5. He had always accepted what they had done for him, but never expressed to any of them a
simple “Thank you.”
6. He decided to write to his father, his grandmother, and the Rev. Lonual Nelson, his grammar
school principal.
7. His father had impressed upon him from boyhood a love of books and reading.
8. He remembered that each morning Nelson would open the school with a prayer over his
assembled students.
9. He recalled how his grandmother had taught him to tell the truth, to share, and to be
forgiving and considerate of others. And he thanked her for her delicious food and for all the
wonderful things she had done for him.
10. His reading of their letters left him not only astonished but also more humbled than before,
because they all thanked him rather than saying they would forgive him for not having previously
thanked them.
11. The writer learned that one should learn to express appreciation for others’ efforts.
12. The writer wished for all people the common sense to achieve world peace, and find the
good and praise it.
Text Organization
1.

Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas
Part One Paras. 1-9 On Thanksgiving Day 1943, as a young coastguardsman at sea, the writer
came up with the idea of expressing his gratitude to people who had helped him before.
Part Two Paras. 10-16 The writer wrote three thank-you letters to his father, the Rev. Nelson
and his grandmother.
Part Three Paras.17-23 The writer got three letters in reply.
Part Four Paras. 24-26 The writer wishes everyone to find the good and praise it.




2-

Correspondents Letters Sent Letters Received
Father Thanks him for teaching the writer from boyhood to love books and reading. Tells the
writer how he, as a teacher and a father as well, felt content with his own son.
The Rev. Nelson Thanks him for his morning

school prayers.
i Tells the writer about his retirement coupled with self-doubt, and the re?assurance brought
to him by the writer's letter.
Grandmother Thanks her for teaching the writer how to tell the truth, to share and to be
forgiving, and for her good cooking and her sprinkling the writer's life with stardust. Expresses her
loving gratefulness to her grandson.

Language Sense Enhancement
I. 1) decades 2) undergoing
3) had done wrong 4) welcome reassurance
5) appreciated 6) brought back
7) relatives 8) accomplish
9) consume 10) representing

Language Focus
Vocabulary
1. 1) sprinkled 2) in turn
3) reversed 4) repay
5) at sea 6) traditional
7) statement 8) longed for
9) in secret 10) unloaded
11) weep 12) under way


2. 1) stretch out 2) make out
3) hope for 4) turns (it) over
5) put away 6) brings back
7) got to 8) go about

3. 1) As supplies of traditional fuels diminish, people are working to increase the use of solar
energy.
3.
2) We accord high priority to meeting the challenges of economic and environmental
development in the region.

3) While it is true that children of today are exposed to more information than were children
of the past, it does not follow that they automatically become more sophisticated.


4) Since she borrowed those books from the library she has been immersed in British history
and culture.

5) Everything changed in a flash on June 1, 2000 when he lost both legs in a serious traffic
accident.

4. 1) I'd like to express my sincere thanks to everyone who has been so considerate of my
well-
being. My heart is filled with gratitude that words cannot express.
2) After everyone assembled on the playground amid the noise and excitement of the
specta?tors, our coach again impressed on us the need to do our best in quest of excellence.
3) Everything I saw in my hometown was marvelous. I could hardly believe that it had
undergone such swift changes through cultivating fruits, vegetables, flowers and the rest in the
past few years.
II. Collocation
1, fond of 2. sick of
3. thoughtful of 4. confident of
5. conscious of 6. critical of
7. guilty of d of
■
III. Usage
1. To know what people really think, pay regard to what they do, rather than what they say.
2. It is cooperation, rather than conflict, that will enable you to achieve your success.
3. Ann made students think for themselves rather than telling them what to think.
4. I think I'll stay at home this evening rather than go going out.
5. Most people are content to let perfect days happen at random rather than plan planning
for them.

Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze

(A)
1) at sea 2) Turning over
3) reverse 4) got to
5) repay 6) gratitude
7) assembled 8) immersed in
9) unloading 10) swift

(B)
1) Instead 2) possessions
3) richer 4) breath
5) cherish 6) special
7) specific 8) shining
9) miracles 10) gift


II. Translation
1.
1). Grandma took it for granted that food prices would soar, so she bought a lot of rice.
2). I can quote you several instances of her dedication to science.
3). The 1980s saw the start of the swift development of some special economic zones in China.
4). Tension between the two countries stemmed in part from the latest spy affair.
5). Peter has worked in a law firm for many years. You can consider having him as your lawyer
to act on your behalf when you need legal help.

2.
Amid the atmosphere of Thanksgiving George was immersed in the diary left to him by his father,
who died at sea after he completed two successive trips around the world. The diary brought
back every moment George had spent with his father and many of the specific things his father
did on his behalf. George's father used to impress on him the need to undergo all kinds of
hardship in quest of excellence. He also taught him that nothing in the world could be taken for
granted. Even today, George still remembers how his father would quote Aesop's famous saying



Chinese Translations of Texts A&B
第五单元
表达谢意
课文A
亚历克斯?黑利二战时在海岸警卫队服役。出海在外，时逢一个倍感孤寂的日 子——感
恩节——他开始认真思考这一节日的意义，对许多美国人而言，这个节日已成为大吃大喝、没完没了地看橄榄球比赛的日子。黑利决定写三封不同寻常的信，以此来纪念感恩节的真正
意义。
写三封感谢信
亚历山大?黑利
那是在二战期间的1943年，我是个年轻 的美国海岸警卫队队员。我们的船，美国军舰
军市一号已出海多日。多数船舱装着成千上万箱罐装或风干 的食品。其余的船舱装着不少五
百磅重的炸弹，都小心翼翼地放在有软垫的架子上。我们的目的地是南太 平洋图拉吉岛上一
个规模很大的基地。
我是军市一号上的一个厨师，跟岸上的人‘样 ，那个感恩节的上午，我们忙着在准备一
道以烤火鸡为主的传统菜肴。
当厨 师的都知道，要烹制一顿大餐，摆上桌，再刷洗、收拾干净，是件辛苦的事。不过，
等到太阳快下山时， 我们总算全都收拾停当了。
我想先去后甲板透透气。我信步走去，一边深深呼吸着空气，一边 慢慢地踱着步，头上
仍戴着那顶白色的厨师帽。
我开始思索起感恩节这个节日来，想着清教徒前辈移民、印第安人、?野火鸡、南瓜、
玉米棒等等。
可我脑子里似乎还在搜索着别的什么一某种我能够赋予这一节日以个人意义的方式。大
概过了半个小时左右我才意识到，问题的关键也许在于把Thanksgiving这个词前后颠倒一下
——那样广来至少文字好懂了：Giving thanks。
表达谢意——就如在祈祷时感谢上帝那样，我暗想。对啊，是这样，当然是这样。
可我脑子里仍一直盘桓着这事。
过了片刻，如同晨曦初现，一个更清晰的念头终于涌 现脑际——要感谢他人，那些赐我多恩
惠，我根本无以回报的人们。令我深感不安的实际情形是，我向来 对他们所做的一之泰然，
认为是理所应当。我一次也没想过要对他们中的任何一位真心诚意地说一句简单 的谢谢。
至少有七个人对我有过不同寻常、影响深远的帮助。令人万分难受的是，我意识到， 他
们中有一半已经谢世了——因此他们永远也无法接受我的谢意了。我越想越感至懂愧。最后
我 想到了仍然健在的三位，几分钟后，我就回到了自己的舱房。
我坐在摊着信纸的桌旁，回想着 他们各自为我所做的一切，试图用真挚的文字表达我对
他们的由衷的感激之情：父亲西蒙?A?黑利，阿 肯色州派恩布拉大那所古老韵农业机械师范
学院的教授；住在田纳西州小镇亨宁老家的外祖母辛西娅?帕 尔默；以及我的初中校长，退
休后住在亨宁以北6英里处的里普利的洛纽尔?纳尔逊牧师；
我的信是这样开头的广出海在外度过的这个感恩节，令我回想起您为我做了那么多事，
但我却从来没有对 您说过自己多么想感谢您——”我简短回忆了他们每位为我所做的具体事
例。
例如， 我父亲的最不同寻常之处在于，从我童年时代起，他就让我深深意识到要热爱书
籍、热爱阅读。事实上， 这一爱好渐渐变成一种家庭习惯，晚饭后大家围在餐桌旁互相考查
近日所读的书以及新学的单词。我对书 籍的热爱从未减弱，日后还引导我自己撰文著书。多
少次，当我看到如今的孩子们如此沉迷于电子媒体时 ，我不由深感悲哀，他们很少，或者根
本不了解书中所能发现的神奇世界。
我跟纳尔 逊牧师提及他如何每天清晨和集合在一起的学生做祷告，以此开始小镇初中的
一天。我告诉他，我后来所 做的任何有意义的事，都至少部分地是受了他那些学校晨祷的影
响。
在给外祖母的信 中，我谈到了她用了种种方式教我讲真话，教我与人分享，教我宽恕、
体谅他人。我感谢她多年来让我吃 她烧的美味菜肴，离开她后我从来没吃过那么可口的菜肴。
最后，我感谢她，因为她在我的生命中撒下美 妙的遐想。
睡觉前，我这三封信都送进了船上的邮袋。我们抵达图拉吉岛后都寄了出去。
我们卸了货，又装了其它物品，随后我们按熟悉的常规，再次出海。一天又一天，一星
期又一星期，我个人的经历渐渐淡忘。我们在海上航行时，有时会与邮船会合，邮船会带给
我们家信，当 然，这是我们视为最紧要的事情。
每当船上的喇叭响起广大伙听好!邮件点名!”200名左 右的水手就会冲上甲板，围聚在
那两个站在宝贵的鼓鼓囊囊的灰色邮袋旁的水手周围。两人轮流取出一把 把信件，大声念出
收信水手的名字；叫到的人一边从人群中挤出来，一边应道：“来了，来了!”
一次“邮件点名”带给了我外祖母、爸爸以及纳尔逊牧师的回信——我读了信，既震惊
又深感卑微。 < br>他们没有说他们原谅我以前不曾感谢他们，相反，他们却向我致谢，天哪；就因为我记得他
们做的 事，并认为他们做了不同寻常的事。
身为大学教授的爸爸向来特别留意不使用任何过于感情化 的文字，因此，当他信中写道，
在教了许许多多的年轻人之后，他现在认为自己最优秀的学生当中也包括 自己的儿子时，我
知道他是多么地感动。
纳尔逊牧师写道，他那平凡的老派 校长的岁月随着学校里发生的如此迅猛的变化而告结
束，他也怀着自我怀疑的心态退了休。“说我做得不 对的远远多于说我做得对的，”他写道，
接着又说我的信给他带来了令人振奋的信心：自己的校长生涯还 是有其价值的。
一看到外祖母那熟悉的笔迹，我顿时回想起往日站在她的白色摇椅旁看她给亲 戚写信的
情景。外祖母一个字母一个字母地慢慢拼出一个词，接着再写下一个词，因此写满一页要花上几个小时。外祖母最近花费不少工夫对我表达了充满慈爱的谢意，读着老人家的信我禁不
住流泪— —从前是她给我换尿布的呀!
许多年后，我从海岸警卫队退役，试着靠写作为生，我一直不曾 忘记那三封“感谢”信
是如何使我认识到，大凡人都暗自期望着有更多的人对自己的努力表达谢意。
现在，感恩节又将来临，我自问，对此文的读者，对我们的祖国，事实上也是对全世界，
我有什么祝愿，因为，用一位善良而且又有智慧的朋友的话来说，“我们究其实都是十分相
像的凡人， 有着相似的需求。”当然，我首先祝愿大家记住这一简单的常识：实现世界和平，
这对我们自身的存亡至 关重要。
此外我还有别的祝愿——这一祝愿是如此强烈，我将这句话印在我所有的信笺底部： “发
现并褒扬各种美好的事物。”


课文B

谢谢——今天你要说的最重要的这两个字，能够改变你的生活，研究也证明如此。研究表明，
有感恩意 识的人会因此而过上更加充实、更有活力的生活
。
感恩的力量



黛博拉?诺维尔
加州大学的心理学教授罗伯特?埃蒙斯博士，长期以来对感恩在身 体健康和心理健康方面所
起的作用颇感兴趣。他与迈阿密大学的心理学教授迈克尔?麦卡洛夫一道选择了 三组志愿者，
并且随意指定他们每周关注三件事情中的一件：麻烦事，让他们心存感激的事以及日常琐事 。
第一组的人把注意力集中在每一件不称心的或者令他们恼怒的事情上，比如“那个该死的家
伙 在高速公路上突然将车开到我前面抢道。”第二组专门关注那些提升生活质量的事，比方
说“我的男友善 良体贴——有他真是幸运。”第三组回忆最近的日常生活中的事，诸如“我
去买鞋了。”
结果 是那些注意力集中于感恩的人明显感觉更加幸福，他们以积极的态度看待生活。他们鲜
有诉说头疼感冒之 类的身体不适症状，积极参加健康有益的活动。比起那些关注麻烦事的人
们，他们每周差不多多运动一个 半小时。知晓感恩的人单纯朴素，生活质量更高。
他们身边的人也察觉到了这一点。“他们注意到这群 人更加快乐、更有活力。他们看得出来
那些人正变得更加乐观。”埃蒙斯说道。懂得感恩的这组人“甚至 似乎看上去更加乐于助人，
会独立帮助他人。”对于这一结果，埃蒙斯大为惊讶。“感恩不仅仅是像积极 思维或乐观之类
事使人感到快乐。感恩真的使人付诸行动，使人变得更加亲近社会，更富同情心。”这种 变
化在另外两组人身上却不曾显现。
埃蒙斯和麦卡洛夫对他们发表于2003年的研究成果作 了进一步的探讨。他们召集一批大学
生每天——而非仅仅每周——关注生活中的烦恼或幸事。从一开始埃 蒙斯和他的团队就意识
到定期的感恩检查功效甚大。（1）后续的研究发现，那些每天都能找到感激之事 的人较少追
求物质享受——他们不大会把生活的满意度与物质财富联系起来。 他们比别人更愿意放弃< br>所拥有的财富。在他们的车的保险杠上不可能看到写着“谁拥有最多，谁就是赢家”之类的
小标语 。
那么，在生活中我们又该如何利用感恩这门科学呢？
（2）每天只需花几分钟工夫，感恩 就是产生力量。但是它需要始终不渝、心胸开阔以及奉
献精神。埃蒙斯说：“我认为感恩是一种要求极高 的品质，一种苛严的品质。它是一种磨砺，
一种训练。”它也许来之不易，但是可以培养。培养的方法如 下：

记录你的谢意
每天花上片刻——一般最好是临睡之前——扼要记下三件当日 发生的让你心存感激的事情。
任何使你精神振奋的事，使你绽露笑容、心情愉悦的事，或为你的将来带来 幸福感的事，都
行。
对于每一件令你心怀感激的事情，写一写为什么它对你而言是件好事。也 许你收到一个久未
联系的老同学的电子邮件，它让你回想起你们一同度过的美好时光，让你意识到即便你 不曾
与他们联系，他们还惦念着你。这足以说明你是个不同寻常的人。
另外，记录下谁（如果 有那么一个人的话）在你当天的回忆中是个有影响的人，以及那个人
如何对你的生活产生了影响。 这一切听起来都不难，是不是？如果让你在记录谢意和做五十个仰卧起坐外加二十五个俯卧
撑之间做 个选择，你会更倾向于拿起一支笔，是不是？
（3）感恩日记使你以积极而又具体的方式看待生活，提 醒你关注在这个快节奏的、冷漠的
世界里生活的相互联系，以及他人在多大程度上提升了你的生活质量。 感恩日记促使你关
注正面事物，而非不可避免的负面事物。此外，感恩日记还能增强你的自尊。

认清模式
过一段时间，你会发现在令你感激的条目列表中有着某种一致性。许多条 目显示他人在你生
活中所起的重要作用。其他条目突出一些有意义的经历。还有一些则涉及你所引发的事 情，
你能满怀豪情地指着说，“我促成了此事。”这叫做由理性支配的积极生活所带来的幸福，即
来自于行动本身，而非其结果的幸福或满足。随之而来的所有其他益处——如：某人感激你，
你的项目 获得成功——不过是种点缀而已。

接住回飞镖
感激之情，在向别人表示之后，几 乎总能辗转返回。被感激的人更加愿意为那些使他们觉得
自己有价值的人作出回报。一项研究表明，服务 员把账单递给顾客前，在账单上简单地写上
“谢谢”两字，比起那些不写的来说，平均多得11%的小费 。在账单上写上即将推出的特价
餐信息的服务员同样获得较高的小费，平均高出17%到20%。（4） 在人际关系显得越来越少
而且有时非常紧张的当今世界，感恩之情会激起回响。

抓住时机
环顾你的四周：在你的世界里哪些事是对的？如果你有什么爱好，你就付诸行动吧； 如果没
有，你就找一个吧。主动接触他人，与人分享你的东西。对别人做一个小小的姿态并不使你
损失什么，却能给你带来诸多好处。所有这些行动都能增加你心怀感激的机会。
北卡罗莱纳大学心理 学家芭芭拉?费雷德里克森说：“感恩之心有可能使万物由其平常状态升
华为一种礼物。”