人民翻译(完整)初中英语语法宾语从句讲解.doc

2021年1月6日发(作者：万国权)































初中英语语法宾语从句
注意！宾语从句小口诀：
宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；
主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化

特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。
一、基本讲解
1 概念 :在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的
宾语。 eg,

He said he was good at drawing. ( 动词宾语 )
He asks him how long Mike has been down . ( 动词宾语 )
Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. ( 介词宾语 )
2.连接词
(1) . 陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用
that,口语中常常省略。

e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.
(2) 以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句 , 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语
从句，从句同样是陈述语序
eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .
注意：一般情况下，

whether

和 if 可以互用，

但有些情况例外。
a. 当从句做介词的宾语时只用

b. 引导词与动词不定式或

whether

不用 if
eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.
not

连用时， 只用 whether.
eg, Please let me know what to do next.
Could you tell me whether u go or not?
c. if 当如果讲时，

引导的是条件状语从句，

这时不能用

whether.
(3). 特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。
E.g. Could you tell me what's the matterwrong with you?
特殊情况：：当 do you think 后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时， 句式结构应为引导词＋ do
that 引，一般疑问句用

if/whether,


















you think ＋陈述句语序。
3.宾语从句时态
a.当主句是 一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要
选用相应的时态。例如： Do you know （ if/whether he has seen the film ） ?
b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如：
I didn't know

（if/whether he had seen the film. ）










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注意：当主句是一般过 去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，
从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：








He said （ that the earth moves round the sun.）
The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than sound. ）
4.、人称的变化和标点的使用



a.从句的主语如果是第一人称， 变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致； 如果是第二人称， 则与主句
的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：
“ May I use your knife？ ” He asked me.
→ He asked me if he might use my knife.
“ Do you know her telephone number？ ” He asked me.
→ He asked me if I know her telephone number.









b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：
Who will give us a talk? I don

Do you know ？ Where does he live?

二、宾语从句的转化
1.2. 当主句谓语动词是 hope， wish ， decide， forget ， plan， agree 等，且主句主语与从句主
语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：
’ t know.

→ I don

’ t know who will give us a talk.
→ Do you know where he lives?

She agreed that she could help me with my maths.

→ She agreed to help me with my maths.















2.当主句的谓语动词是 know, learn, forget, remember, decide 等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语
“疑问词＋不定式结构

”。例如：
时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成

I don't know which sweater I should buy.

3.当主句的谓语动词是

→ I don't know which sweater to buy.
ask，tell, show, teach 等后面带双宾语时， 从句的主语和间接宾语一致，
且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成

“疑问词＋不定式结构

”,或者在连接代词

/
“连 副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为

接代词 /副词＋不定式

”结构。如： →Could you tell me how to get to the park?
4. 当主句谓语动词是 find ， see， watch， hear 等感官动词时，从句常简化为 “宾语＋宾补 ” 结
构，宾补为不带 to 的不定式或 V-ing 形式。如：

She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.

→ She found the wallet lie/lying on t he ground.













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宾语从句专项习题

巩固练习
















you decided ________for Australia?
A. when will you leave

C. you will leave when

you tell me _________ ?
A. where does Tom live

B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives
B. when do you leave
D. when you will leave
old man asked me ________ .
A. where was the cinema

C. where the cinema was

B. where is the cinema
D. where was the way to the cinema
B. if

C. why

D. how
C. weather

D. how
4.I think _______ you will like him. A. that

5.I didn


’ t know _______ he will come or notA.. that

B. whether
6.I wonder _________ .




























A. how much cost these shoes

C. how much these shoes cost

B. how much do these shoes cost
D. how much are these shoes cost
asked me _________ . A. who he was

him ___.
B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is
A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup
9.I don

’ t know _________ .
A. what time the movie starts

C. the time to start the movie

B. what time starts the movie
D. the movie what time starts
doctor asked me how long ________ .
A. was I ill

B. have I been ill

C. I have been ill

D. I had been ill
weather forecast doesn

A. if it rains tomorrow

C. if it will rain tomorrow

you know _________?
A. whose pen is this

C. whom does the pen belong to

’ t say _________.
B. if does it rain tomorrow
D. if will it rain tomorrow
B. whose pen this is
D. whom the pen belong to
you tell me where _________?
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A. the tape was

B. was the tape

C. the tape is

D. is the tape
want to know _________?
A. where is the hospital

B. how old are you
D. why is the boy crying
C. when the train will leave

wanted to know _________.
A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking
B. when Father Christmas had put in his stocking
C. what Father Christmas had put in his stocking
D. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking
one knows ___ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.
A. when B. whether
’ t know_________.
’ s father




C. where

D. if


didn
A. where is Tim B. w hen was the first watch made
D. what was wrong with her watch

C. who the old man is
one told us _________, so we need your help.
A. how should we do B. what we should do

C. how to do D. what should we do
don ’ t know _______ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.
A. how do it

B. how to do





C. what do it










D. what to do
asked me _________.
A. whether I find out the sender of the money
B. whether did I find out the sender of the money
C. whether the sender of the money found out

D. whether I found out the sender of the money

21. Did you hear ______? A. what did I say
22. Can you tell me ________?
A. which class you are in
C. you are in which class


B. what I said


C. I said what D. what I say
B. which class are you in
D. are you in which class


23. ---Excuse me. Could you tell me _______? --- Certainly.
A. when can I get to the station
C. which station can I get to

B. I can get to which station
D. how I can get to the station
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24. Could you tell me where _______ yesterday?
A. did you go B. you go


C. you have gone




D. you went




25. Tom asked me ________.

A. whose shirt was this

C. who shirt was this

B. whose shirt this was
D. who shirt this was

26. Excuse me, could you tell me _______?
A. where ’ s the teachers
C. what ’ s she doing


’ officeB. where ’ s the bus station


D. where the post office is

27. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I don
A. she lives where
’ t .know ______

C. where she lives

D. where does she live B. she where lives
28. --- Go and ask Mr. White for help. --- But I don
A. where does he live
C. where is he living


’ t know _______.










B. where he lives
D. he lives there
29. --- Can you tell me ______? --- Yes, he lives in a small town.
A. where he lives B. who is singing


C. when he will leave

D. what he said
30. Have you decided ______ for London?
A. when will you leave

C. when are you going



B. when you will leave
D. when you are going

31. Excuse me. Could you tell me ______our tickets?
A. where do we show B. where shall we show C. where did we show D. where we shall show
32. --- What are you interested in about cooking food? --- We are all interested in ______.
A. how egg is fried B. how is egg fried

C. How egg fries

D. how does egg fry
D. whose name is it 33. Do you know _______? A. what it is
34. Do you know _______?
A. whose book is this

B. what is it

C. who is he



B. whose book this is

C. this book is whose

D. who ’ s book this is
35. I don ’ t know ______ now.
A. where is my cat B. my cat is where

C. where my cat is


D. where my cat

36. Does he know ______?
A. what ’ s yourname B. what name is your


C. what your is name D. what your name is

37. Do you know ______?

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A. which floor he lives

C. he lives on which floor

B. which floor he lives on
D. which floor does he lives on
38. Tell me where ____? A. is the hospital

39. He hasn ’ t decided _______. A.
if he ’ ll go on a trip to Wuxi





B. the hospital is C. is hospital D. hospital is
B. when will he go on a trip to Wu xi



C. if he goes on a trip to Wu xi
40. Can you see ________?





D. when does he go on a trip to Wu xi
A. what he

’ s readingB. what is he reading

C. what does he read

D. he reads what
能力提高练习
1. I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow. _________ he comes, I'll tell you

．
A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That

D. if; If



2. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow.


A. when does he come B. how will he come

C. if he comes D. whether he'll come
B. how C. whether

3. Could you tell me ____the nearest hospital is? A. what
4. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help?

D. where
A. how did he mend B. what did he mend

C. how he mended


D. what he mended






5. I want to know _________.



A. whom is she looking after
C. whom is she looking


B. whom she is looking
D. whom she is looking after

6. Do you know where _________ now?

A. he lives B. does he live

C. he lived

D. did he live

7. Do you know what time _________?

A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave

D. the train leaves






8. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please?


A. how the two players are old
C. the two players are how old
B. how old are the two players
D. how old the two players are

9. The small children don't know _________.


A. what is their stockings in
C. where is their stockings in
B. what is in their stockings

D. what in their stockings





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