英语词典大全初中英语语法宾语从句讲解-专项练习及答案36699.doc

2021年1月6日发(作者：申效曾)








英语语法宾语从句讲解
小口诀：
宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受
限制；
主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述转化 that 引，一般疑问用
if/whether,
特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。
一．

基本讲解
来源：直接引语变间接引语
概念 :在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，可做

语。
. He said,“ I am good at drawing

”.
V 谓/ 介词短语的宾





































He said he was good at drawing. 动(词宾语 )
Miss Zhang is angry at what you said.介(词宾语 )
1.引导词
(1) that
引导宾语从句时，通常用陈述句充当
. She said,“ I want to go there

”






, that
可省略。
She said (that) she wanted to go there.
They all know (that) Jim is good at skating.
,由一般疑问句 / 选择疑问句充 (2) whether

或 if 引导的宾语从句



当，陈述语序。
” she said.
.
“ Are you interested in geography

She asked if/whether I was interested in geography.
I wonder if /whether she has told the new to Li Lei .
I ’ m not sure whether he will come or not.












注意：一般情况下， whether

和 if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外 a.
介词短语后只用 whether 不用 if




. We are talking about whether we'll go on the panic.
b. 引导词与动词不定式或 or not 连用时，只用 whether.


. I can ’t say whether or not he will come on time


c. if 当如果讲时 ,引导的是条件状语从句，表示 ‘如果 ’，不能用
whether.




. If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times.
Whether you can succeed depends on how much effort you pay.
(3)特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，不可省略，陈述句语序。




特殊疑问词为： how , when, where, why ,which whose.


What 引导宾从时做主语或宾语或表语等。


.

‘ What do you want

’ He asked.






He asked me what I wanted.
I have no idea where he is now.
I don ’ t know how to deal with. it




He asked whose handwriting is the best in the class.
对比下列句子，看 what 做什么成分：


He askedwhat was the wrong/matter with me. （what 做主语）


He doesn ’ t knowwhat to do now.


(做宾语 )
He asked mewho he was. (who 做表语 )







2.宾语从句时态


a.主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制




. Do you know if/whether he has seen the film
I ’ m sorry to hear that your father is ill.











She says she is going to go to Beijing next week.
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.
b.当主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的相应某种时态


She didn ’ t knowwhy the boy was late again.





(过去一般 )
I didn't know if/whether he had seen the film. （过去完成）
I wondered when she was going to America（.过去将来）







注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，


科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：








. He said （that the earth moves round the sun. / that light travels much
faster than sound.）
The teacher told us（seeing is believing）.


3.语序：陈述语序，主 +谓+其他
* when will you leave for Beijing（Could you please tell me）
Could you please tell me when you will leave for Beijing
*Has she seen the movie（He asked）.
He asked if she had seen the movie.
*Could you tell me what's the matter/wrong with you







二、宾语从句的转化










1.当主句谓语动词是

hope，wish，decide，forget ，plan，agree 等，且
主从句主语一致时可简化为不定式结构。如：
. She agreed that she could help me with my math.
→ She agreed to help me with my math.
2.当主句的谓语动词是

know, learn, forget, remember, decide 等后面有特
殊疑问词引导的宾从时，可以简化成 “疑问词＋不定式结构 ”。如：





. She forgot what she should take.
→ she forgot to take it
3. 当主句谓语动词是 find ， see，watch ，hear 等感官动词时，从句常
简化为 “宾语＋宾补 ”结构，宾补为不带 to 的不定式或 V-ing 形
式。如：
. She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.
→ She found the walletlie/lying on the ground.
三．否定转移
. I don

’ t think he is cool我认.为他并不酷
常用词： believe，suppose 等
四．注意问题和易错点
1.由粗心大意导致语序的错乱，长从句也只有主谓宾语序，不要受
引导词的影响
（可暂时忽略引导词，直接看从句）
2. Whether/if

用法傻傻分不清（ whether 是否， if 是否 / 如果）
3.从句中介词短语的介词弄丢
. I don ’ t know who she is looking.(容at易丢了 at )
4.宾从和定从同时出现完全不知所措（宾从是作宾语，谁做了什么，
说了什么，谁想知道什么等，定从修饰名词，引导词只有
who/that/who/whose/which/as/when/where/why ，what 不能用语定
从，只用于宾从）
5. 混淆视觉的句子，错当是疑问句
. Jim didn

’ t know what was wrong with his computer.

































宾语从句专项习题



巩固练习

you decided ________for Australia

A. when will you leave B. when do you leave
C. you will leave when D. when you will leave
you tell me _________

A. where does Tom live
C. Tom lives where
B. where Tom lived
D. where Tom lives
B. where is the cinema
D. where was the way to the



old man asked me ________ .
A. where was the cinema
C. where the cinema was
cinema

think _______ you will like him.
A. that B. if C. why D. how
didn ’ t know_______ he will come or not.
A. that B. whether C. weather D. how
wonder _________ .

A. how much cost these shoes
cost

C. how much these shoes cost
cost

asked me _________.

A. who he was B. who was he
C. who is he D. who he is



B. how much do these shoes
D. how much are these shoes









him ___

.
A. whose cup this is
C. this is whose cup



B. whose cup is this
D. whose is this cup

don’ t know_________ .
A. what time the movie starts

movie
C. the time to start the movie

starts
doctor asked me how long ________ .
A. was I ill

B. have I been ill
C. I have been ill

D. I had been ill
weather forecast doesn

’ t say

.
B. what time starts the
D. the movie what time














A. if it rains tomorrow C.
if it will rain tomorrow





B. if does it rain tomorrow
D. if will it rain tomorrow


you know _________

A. whose pen is this

C. whom does the pen belong to
you tell me where _________

A. the tape was B. was the tape

C. the tape is D. is the tape

B. whose pen this is
D. whom the pen belong to



want to know _________

A. where is the hospital B. how old are you

C. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying
wanted to know _________.

A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking

B. when Father Christmas had put in his stocking

C. what Father Christmas had put in his stocking

D. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking

one knows ___ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to
give us a talk or not.
A. when B. whether C. where D. if


didn ’ t know________.
A. where is Tim ’ s father C.
who the old man is



B. when was the first watch made
D. what was wrong with her watch


one told us _________, so we need your help.
A. how should we do

B. what we should do
C. what to do

D. what should we do
don’knowt _________ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and
sea.
A. how do it

B. how to do
C. what do it

D. what to do
asked me _________.
A. whether I find out the sender of the money
B. whether did I find out the sender of the money
C. whether the sender of the money found out
D. whether I found out the sender of the money





















能力提高练习

1. I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow. _________ he comes,
I'll tell you．

A. if; Whether
B. whether; Whether

C. if; That D. if; If

2. I don't know ________ the day after tomorrow.
A. when does he come B. how will he come

C. if he comes

D. whether he'll come

3. Could you tell me ____the nearest hospital is
A. what B. how

C. whether D. where







4. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help
A. how did he mend B. what did he mend

C. how he mended D. what he mended

5. I want to know _________.
A. whom is she looking after

C. whom is she looking


B. whom she is looking
D. whom she is looking after


6. Do you know where _________ now

A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived

7. Do you know what time _________

A. the train leave B. does the train leave

C. will the train leave D. the train leaves

D. did he live



8. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please

A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players

C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are

9. The small children don't know _________.

A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings

C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings





10. I can't understand _____.
A. what does Christmas mean
B. what Christmas does mean
C. what mean Christmas does
D. what Christmas means


11. I don ’ t know he will be back home.
A. who B. what C. when D. where