stationery是什么意思2014年九年级英语人教版宾语从句讲解及练习

2021年1月6日发(作者：纪钜维)
宾语从句
一、宾语从句概念：句子在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。
I like my teacher.（名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语）
I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语） I know him .（代词作宾语）
I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语）
She asked if the answer was right. (句子作宾语）
二、宾语从句三要素 (1) 连接词 (2)语序 (3)时态
（一）、宾语从句的连接词
(1) that引导 (2).whether/if引导 (3).连接代词 who whom whose what which
(4). 连接副词when why where how
根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从 句。这
些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。
1). He asked who could answer the question 2). Do you know whom they are waiting for
？

3). He asked whose bike was the best in the class4). Do you know when we’ll have a meeting
？

5). Please tell me where he is
？
6). Can you tell me how I can get to the station
？

7). Could you tell me why the train is late
3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if/ whether “是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在
ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。
I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
【拓展】：只能用whether不能用if的情况
1.在介词后面： I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing.
We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.
2.在动词不定式前：They asked me whether to go skating.
3.当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时: I don’t know whether he’s free or not.
Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.
Tell me whether you’d like to go shopping or tidy the room.
（二）、宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
（三）宾语从句的时态
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
I don’t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
.
否定前移：
当主句的谓语动词是suppose, guess, believe, think等，后接从句的否定词常要前移，即否
定主句动词。
如：I don’t believe you have finished your homework.
注意 反意疑问句的变化规则：附加问句的主语与陈述句的主语一致（ 陈述句变成一般疑问句时，主
语则要相应的发生变化! ）
I don’t think the answer is right , _____________________?
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时/过去进行时/过去 将
来时/过去完成）。
He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
三 宾语从句与简单句的转换(宾语从句的简化）
宾语从句与不定式看似独立,实际上,带疑问句的动词不定式还可以与宾语从句相互转换.
1) Please tell us where we should show our tickets.-- Please tell us where to show our tickets.
1.当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,且主句的谓语动词是,know, forget, decide, hope, wish.等时,可
以将宾语从句中的主语去掉,变为”疑问词+不定式”结构.例如:
1) She doesn't know what she should do next. --She doesn't know what to do next.
2) They can’t decide when they should leave the school. ----they can’t decide when to leave the school
2.当主句谓语动词是ask, show, tell, teach, 宾语的主语的间接宾语一致,宾语从句可与”疑问词+不定式”
结构相互转换.
1) Please tell me what I should do first. ----Please tell me what to do first.
2) Will you please show me how I can work it out?--- Will you please show me how to work it out?
中考体例
1---We can use QQ to communicate with each other online. （·江苏省连云港市，11，1）
----Good. Will you please show me ____________.
A. which to use B. how to use it C. what to use D. where to use it
宾语从句专项练习
1 时态一致性
1) The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
2) Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been
3) The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.
A. had B. has . C. will have D. are
4) She asked Linda if___ go and get some.
A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may
5) Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled
2连接词角度
1) Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that
2) I don't know ___ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where
3)I hardly understand.___ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who
4) She didn't know___ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be
5) I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what D. when
6) Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B when C why D how
7) He asked me _____told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose
3陈述句语序角度
1).They don't know ______their parents are. A that B what C why D which
2).Please tell me ______ last year.
A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work
C where your sister works D where your sister worked
3).She asked me if I knew ______.
A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it
4). You must remember ________.
A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say
C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said
5) Did you know ____?
A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for