maybe什么意思宾语从句及动词不定式讲解

2021年1月6日发(作者：柏继民)

宾语从句
如何区分宾语从句？
They know the teacher.
主语 谓语 宾语
They know the teacher is a man .
主语 谓语 宾语从句

▲句子做宾语就是宾语从句。
宾语从句在复合句中做主句的宾语．

1. 时态一致:1)当主句是一般现在时,从句可根据需要,采用任何一种时态.
例如:He says that he will be free tomorrow.
I know that man lived here five years ago.
2)当主句是过去时,从句也应该采用过去的某种时态形式与之相对应.
例如: He thought the train was like a big moving party. （从句为一般过去时）
He said he was going to take care of the child. （从句为过去将来时）
He said he had never seen the film. ( 在这句中，从句为过去完成时)
但当从句所陈述的是客观事实或普遍真理,从句时态用一般现在时.
例如: The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.
The teacher said that light travels much faster than sound.
Jim said that time is life.

2. 引导词: 1)当宾语从句由
陈述句
充当时,由that引导,在口语或非正式文体
中可以省略.
例如:I believe ( that ) you are right.
He said ( that ) the fastest way to travel was by plane.
2) 当宾语从句由
一般疑问句
充当时,由if或whether引导,作“是否”解。
例如: Is his name John? / Could you tell me?
Could you tell me if /whether his name is John?
Are they going to the Great Wall? Jim wants to know...
Jim wants to know if/whether they are going to the Great Wall.
3) 当宾语从句由
特殊疑问句
充当时,特殊疑问词就是引导词,
例如:Do you know what time the plane leaves?
3.语序: 1)当宾语从句由
陈述句
充当时,保持原来的语序, 即陈述句语序.
例如:

陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。
eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.”
= She said she would leave a message on the desk.
He said (that )the fastest way to travel was by plane .
2) 当宾语从句由
疑问句
(
包括一般疑问句和特殊疑问句
)充当时,除引导词外, 此后变
为陈述句语序.例如:
即If / whether +主语+ 谓语部分 或疑问词＋主语＋谓语部分
Eg. “Where are the tickets?” I asked him.
=I asked him where the tickets were.


I don’t know if/whether he could answer the question.
Please tell me who(whom) I will meet tomorrow.
4.宾语从句和状语从句的区分：
eg. 1) I will go out tomorrow if it is fine tomorrow.
2) I don’t know if the train has arrived.
句1中if引导的是状语从 句。这个从句表示“条件”，整个句子的意思是如果明天天
气好，我就出去。句2中if引导的是宾语从 句，充当谓语动词don’t know的宾语。整
个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否已到达。
判断方法：
1、可以从整个句式看。状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面（个别除 外），宾
语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。
2、从引导词看。if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether， 词义为“是否”，充
当状语 从句的连接词时，词义为“如果”。when充当宾语从句的连接词时，意为“什么
时候”， 充当状语从句的连接词时，意为“当……的时候”
( ) We're not sure if it _______ it _______，we won't climb the South Hill.
（2004年青海西宁）
snow；snows snow；will snow
；snows ；will snow
5. 宾语从句在一定条件下，可以简化为“特殊疑问词+不定式”、“it +形容词+不定式短语”
1）I don't know what I should do with the letter.（改为简单句）（2005年山东烟台）
I don't know what __________ _________ with the letter.
2）Can you tell me how to get to the nearest hospital? (改为宾语从句)
Can you tell me how _______ ______ ________ _____ the nearest hospital?
3）I think it is very important to study English well.
I think _______ ________ to study English well.



宾语从句习题

（ ） you tell me ________?
A if he would come tomorrow B will he come tomorrow
C whether he will come tomorrow D If he comes tomorrow
（ ） you tell me ___________________?
A where is the part ? B who’s on duty ?
C whose book is this ? D what are they doing ?
（ ）3. I want to know ___________.
A. which house does your sister live B. which houses does his uncle live in
C. which house his uncle lives D. which house his uncle lives in
（ ）4. Father told us that they _____ on a field trip.
A. will go B. are going C. have gone D. were going
（ ）5. I want to know ________.
A. who is he waiting B. who is he waiting for