冬天里的一把火英文英语语法：宾语从句讲解及其练习题(附答案)

2021年1月6日发(作者：童第周)

英语语法：宾语从句讲解及其练习题（附答案）

一，引导词
A,由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope,
see, believe, agree, expect, hear , fe el等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句
中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省 略，但在大多数情况下还是
以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。
例：I told him that he was wrong.
l在think,believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管
是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式。
例：I don’t think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)
l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，
而用it做形式宾语。
例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎
是错误的)
B,由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从
句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。
例：I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.
The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.
l在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
例：Everything depends on whether we have enough money。
l宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.
例：I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.
l和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.
例：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.
C,由wh- 引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose, what, which,和连接副
词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，
又在句中充当句子的成分。
例：Do you know which film they are talking about (which做定语)
I don’t know where he lives. (where 做地点状语)
二，宾语从句的语序，
宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
例：I believe that they will come soon.
He asked me whether I was a teacher.
They wanted to know what they can do for us.
二，宾语从句的时态。
宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，
既：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。
主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主
句之前，则从句要用过去完成 时态。
例:
1)She says that she is a student.
She said that she was a student.
2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.
She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.
3)She says that she has finished her homework already.
She said that she had finished her homework already.
4)She says that she can sing a song in English.
She said that she could sing a song in English.
l如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一
般现在时态。