heiji上海高三英语名词性从句讲解与练习

2021年1月6日发(作者：阳翰笙)

上海高三英语名词性从句讲解与练习
一．概念：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于
名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语 、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句
中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从 句和同位语从句。

二、引导名词性从句的连接词
连接词：that, whether, if (不充当从句的任何成分）
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.
连接副词：when, where, how, why

主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从 句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，
而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语 从句的连接词没有变化。
而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都 可用连词
that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.
It is in the morning that the murder took place.
It is John that broke the window.

2. 用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is ＋名词＋从句
It is a fact that … 事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) It is ＋形容词＋从句
It is natural that… 很自然…
It is strange that… 奇怪的是…
(3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句
It seems that… 似乎…
It happened that… 碰巧…
It appears that… 似乎…
(4) It ＋过去分词＋从句
It is reported that… 据报道…
It has been proved that… 已证实…
It is said that… 据说…

3. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。
例如：
1) What you said yesterday is right.
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2) That she is still alive is a consolation.
It is a consolation that she is still alive.

练习：
1. _____ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.
A. The estimate B. The estimated
C. They are estimated D. It is estimated that
2. _____ some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.
A. Which B. Since C. Although D. How
3. _____ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.
A. Whoever B. Whatever C. However D. That
4. _____ wealthy does not necessarily mean that a man is greedy.
A. For the reason that he is B. Just because he is
C. The reason of being D. That he is
5. Although ___ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction,
it could occur elsewhere in the world.
A. which B. what C. how D. it
6. _____ she had forgotten to take her notebook.
A. That occurred to her B. She occurred that
C. To her that occurred D. It occurred to her that
7. I am sure that _____ she said is wrong.
A. which B. all C. this D. what
8. We lost our way in the forest, and ____ made matters worse was that it was getting dark.
A. that B. which C. it D. what
9. _____ or not is still uncertain.
A. He’s coming B. If he is coming
C. That coming D. Whether he’s coming
10. _____ a spoonful of soil can tell us so much about the structure and early historyof the moon.
A. Remarkable B. Quite remarkably
C. It is remarkable that D. It is remarkable fact that
答案：DDBDBDDDDC
宾语从句
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词
之后。
1. 作动词的宾语
(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如：
I heard that be joined the army.
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：
She did not know what had happened.
I wonder whether you can change this note for me.
(3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如：
She told me that she would accept my invitation.

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